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CHUaNG 1 MO HitiH xU L Y DFD (DATA FLOW DIAGRAM) <)\ Trang: 4

XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

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Page 1: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

CHUaNG 1

MO HitiH

xU LY DFD (DATA FLOW DIAGRAM)

<)\

Trang: 4

Page 2: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

1. Phu'dngphap phan tich DFD [3]-

1.1. T~i sao phiii co cong C\ld~ h6 trq vi~c phan tfch thie'tke'?

Khi xay d\l'ng mQth~ thong thong tin ngoai nhung kh6 khan v'e ky thu~t, slfthie'u hi€u bie't v'e kie'n thuc qUail Iy cua h~ thong dang duQc xay dlfng, con mQtkh6 khan khong kem ph'an quail tn;mg la cac van d'e traG d6i thong tin: giii'anhii'ng nguai c6 trinh dQ khac nhau trang nh6m phat tri€n xay dlfng h~ thong,giii'anhung nguai d~ithang, nguai sa d~ng va nh6m phat tri€n h~ thong. Cac kh6khan th€ hi~n d mQtso di€m c~ th€ sail:

a. Thong thuang cac nha qUail Iy thuang d~t cac yell c'au chung chung v'e h~thong ma hQ c'an, va nguai sa d~ng thi chi bie't cac cong vi~c trang ph~m vi cuaminh ma it bie't de'n moi lien h~ voi cac bQph~n khac. Vi v~y ma phan tich vienphai bie't cach gQi md va dung mQt phuong phap naG d6 d€ nguai dung hi€u r6hon cac cong vi~c cua minh.

b. Ph'an Ion nguai slYd~lllgkhong th€ hinh dung duQc slf ho~t dQng cua h~th6ng thong tin sail nay. HQkhong bie't dii' li~u se duQcxli Iy va th€ hi~n ra saG,may tinh se clIng cap eho hQ nhii'ng baa bi€u naG, vi the' vi~c cling cap mQtbuetranh toan canh v'e mo hinh ho~t dQng cua h~ thong g'an gui voi cae eong vi~ccua hQla mQtdi'eu he't suc c'an thie't.

c. Phan tich thie't ke' mQt h~ thong thong tin doi hoi phai hi€u bie't Luongt~ntung chi tie't, ca v'e cong vi~c qUail Iy Hinky thu~t. Bay la khoi luQng cong vi~cIOnlieu phi nhi'eu thai gian. Nhung lam the' naG d€ nhin duQc loan canh va cacm6i lien h~ LIangh~ thong nhung khi muon di VaGchi tie't cua mQtph'an naG d6thi vftne6 du thong tin?

. - - - . .

d. Vi~c th€ hi~n nhii'ngchi tie't clia h~ thong moi, voi d'ay du cac d~c ta de -t~onit5mtin cho ngl(ai sa d~lllg,m~c du bay gia c6 mQtso van dt5hQchua hi€u hoanloan.

e. Ne'u xay dlfng cac tai li~u mo ta dung ligon ngii' cua nguai dung, thi l£;iikhong hii'll d~ng cho ngl(ai thitt ke' v~t Iy va I~p trinh, nhung ne'u nguoi phantichqua di sail VaGd~c d tung chuc liang, I~i de lam cho nguai I~p trinh mat tinhdQcI~p d€ tim ra mQtcach giai quye't tot nhat. Do d6 tai li~u mo d h~ thong c'anphai xay dlfng the' naGcho phu hQp d€ nguoi dung c6 th€ hi€u va khong gay kh6khan cho nguai I~}})trinh?

Voi cac van d'e LIen vi~c tim ra mQt ligon ngii' chung mo hinh h6a cac h~th6ng thong tin d€ vi~c traG d6i giii'a nguai sa d~ng va nh6m phat tri€n, giii'anhung thanh vien trong nh6m phat tri€n duQCde dang la htt suc c'an thie't. Hi~n

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Page 3: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

nay da co mQt so' phuong phap d~ giai quye't va'n dt3 nay, trong do DFD (Dataflow diagram) fa mQtphuong phap duQcdung kha ph6 bie'n.

Tuy nhien day khong phai Ia nQidung chinh cua lu~n van, nen lac gia khongcling ca'p day du cac kie'n thuc vt3mo hinh DFD, ma chi cling dip cac kie'n thuccan ban can thie't d~ b<:tndQcco th~ till hi~u cac phan can l<:timQtcach d~ dangma thai.

1.2. Ve sd d6 dong dii'li~u

Trang phan tich thie't ke' h~ th6ng chung ta can phai nh~n ra nhilng th~c theben ngoai, kho dil li~u, dong dil li~u cling nhu cac bie'n d6i cua dil li~u truck lacdQngcua cac dong dil li~u. £)~ mo ta h~ th6ng mQtcach day du chung ta can duara cac do hinh don gian d~ mo ta cac d6i tuQng lIen.

Cac quy uck ky hi~u [3]

1.2.1. Cae thlj'e thi hihzngoiLi

Thuong dtIQCdung de chi S\Iv~t hay nguoi ben ngoai h~ th6ng, co th~ clingdip dil li~u cho h~ th6ng hay nh~n cac dil li~u tu h~ th6ng. Vi dl;t:khach hang,nhan vien, nha cling ca'p, phong ke' loan, kho hang ... £)~ ve il1Qtth~c th~ bellngoai chung ta dung il1Qthinh vuong voi 2 c<:tnhlIen va ben trai duQc ve 2 net.Th~c th~ bell ngoai duQc chi dinh bdi cac ky ~ d goc lIen ben trai cua hinhvuong.

DTrang truong hQpth~c th~ ben ngoai co nhit3udong dil li~u lien quail d~ tranh

s~ chong cheo cac dong dil li~u, chung ta co th~ ve l~p l<:tith~c th~ ben ngoainhi'eu lan, va nh~n d<:tngchung bang cach ve them cac duong cheo d goc duoibell phai. Vi d~:

KHA.CH

HAN~<,~\

~NHANVIEN

cNHANVIENa c a

NHACUNG CAP

KHA.CHHANG

ffinh 1..Cac th~c th~ ben ngoai

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Page 4: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

1.2.2. Dong dilli?u

C6 th<3xem nhu mQt 6ng d§:n trong d6 dli li~u duQc chuy<3n di. Dong dli li~u

duQc ve bai cac mlii ten, httang cua mlii ten chi huang cua dong dii' li~u. Mlii ten

hai chien c6 th~ duQc dung d<3thay cho 2 mlii ten gi6ng nhau nhung nguQchuang.

Di~uchinh

Kho

Hlnh 2: Cac dong dCi'li~u.

Cae thl!e th~, kho dCi'li~u va cae xU'ly dell c6 th~ Ia ngu6n xua't phat hay ladich de'n eua dong dii' li~u. Cac phien ban truac day doi hai phai ghi phan ma tadong dii' li~u bang chii'nha a phia tIeD nhu a hinh 2, nhung hi~n nay khi da dinbnghIa nQidung tl! di~n dITli~u, thi phan ma telduQc ghi bang chITIOnchi ra rangn6 da duQcma teltrong tl! di<3ndli li~u. Vi dl!-:ne'u chung nhin vao BAo-BIEU-BAN-HANG trong tl! di<3ndii' li~u chung ta se tha'y cac thanh phan cua n6 dttQcli~t ke nbu san:

-BAo-BIEU-BAN-HANG-HANG-NGA Y

PHA.N-TICH-PHV0NG- HVONG-BAN-HANG~ / ~ ? / ,

PHAN-TICH-HI~U-QUA -BAN-HANG~ / /, ?;!

PHAN-TICH-BAN- HANG-THEO-SAN- PHAM

Trong mQtso' truong hQpne'u y nghla cua dong dli li~u da ro rang chung ta c6the khang can ghi phan ma fa. Tuy nhien trong mQt s6truong hQpl~i ra't kh6 mata day du y nghla cua dong dii' li~u. B6i vai nhling truong hQp nhu v~y thi my

thuQcvao tinh qualJ.,tn;mgcua cac d6i tu'QngIDaIData cho thich hQp. Vi dl.l:Ne'uillQtkhach hang c6 th<3gai de'n: ddn d~t hang, thanh loan, loi than phien, cactruyva'n thi chung ta khang Den ve:

Trang: 7

cKHACHHANG

Kim Ira

Philn tich Bao biu ban hfmg NHA

ban hfmg-.. QUAN

LY

Page 5: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

cDdn d~t hangThanhtoan

Cae call hoiKHACHHANG

Lei than phiSn

San ph1lmtra vS

Phiin

Io~igIaodieh

Cae call hoi

Lei than phiSn

ma tuy VaGhi~n tr<;lng,ne'u xli' Iy "phan lo<;ligiao dich" la quail trQng chung ta

lien dung mQt khai ni~m chung "giaodich khach hang" d€ chi tftt ca cac thong

tin ma khach hang gdi Wi va gom chung thanh mQt dong dii' li~u duy nhftt.

c

KHACHHANG

Giao dieh

Khaeh hang

Phiin

Io~i

giaodieh

Cae call hoi

Lei than phiSn

nhung ne'u Xll'ly "phan 10<;ligiao dich" khong quail trQng chung ta co th~ bo

no va chuy~n thong tin tr~(ctie'p de'n cac xli' ly tu'ong ling.

cKHACHHANG

Cae call hOi

Ghi

nh~nthanh

loan

SuaDdn

d~thang Xu 1;'

eaecauh6i

1.2.3. Xu Ii

Xli'ly du'qc th€ hi~n b~ng hlnh chii'nh~t iron goc, m6i xli' Iy co mQt dinh danhduy nhftt. Xli'ly thu'ong duqc chia lam 3 ph'an:

r(';~

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Page 6: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

Dinh daub

M6 ta chilc niing

Tharn khao v~t ly

Phan djnh danh co th6 1a mQt so, thuong du<;Jcdanh so ill' trai qua phai trong

ma hinh DFD nhung khang co 9 nghla gi hon ngoai vi~c Ia chi danh cua xii' 19,

bdi vi mQt vai xii' 19 co th6 du<;Jcph an chia thanh 2 hay nhieu xii' 19 va ngu<;Jcl(;1i

nhieu xii' 19 co th~ h<;Jpnha't t(;1othanh mQt xii' 19. Ngo(;1itru truong h<;Jpphilo chia

hay hQp nha't, cac xii' 19 con l(;1ikhong duQc thay d6i chi danh, bdi vi chung duQc

dung d nhieu dong dli 1i~u va d cac muc philo ra tha'p bon.

M6 tel cllltc nc1ngnen sii' dl;!ng call m~nh l~nh, ba:t d'au b~ng mQt dQng tu va

IDeo san 1a mQt m~nh de d6i tu nhung cang don gian cang t6t. Vi d¥:

Nh~p - chi tiel khach hang mojo

Ki6m tra - <Tiatri tin dun<Tcua khach han<T.b . . b b

Tham khdo v(llly ph'an nay lien quail den giai do(;1nthiet ke v~t 19,no cho bittxii'19du<;Jcthtfc hi~n bdi ai, hay bQph~n nao phl;!trach.

29 37

Nhapchi titt

khach hang.moi

Tinh

gia trithanh phii'm

Ban hang PM205

BQ ph~n Ten chuang trinh

MQt xii' 19 thtfc hi~n vi~c ki6m tra va co th6 cho nhieu kha nang ket quachung ta gQino Ia xa ly di~u khiln.

1.2.4. Klzo dilli~'u

DuQcdung d~ 1u'utn1'dli 1i~u.Kho dli 1i~uduQcve b~ng hai duong th£ng n~mngang song song va dong kin illQtd'au. M6i kho dli li~u duQcchi danh bdi chITDtheo san Ia mQt so'nguyen my yd~t trong illQt khung bell trai.

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Page 7: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

[§] PHIEU THU CHI

Trang tniang hQp d~ tranh chong cheo cac dong dIT1i~u, chung ta co ve kho

dli 1i~u l~p l~i vai fan va nh~n d~ng ra chung bAng cach them cac v~ch dung bentrai. Vi dl;l:

~ KHACH HANG EJ NHAN VIEN EI KHACH HANG

Khi tmy xul1t mQt kho dIT1i~u mlii ten dong dli 1i~u di VaGkho th~ hi~n mQt s1!

c~p nh~t sli'a d6i thong tin kho dIT1i~u. NguQc l~i mlii ten di ra th~ hi~n kho dIT

1i~u duQc tmy xul1t duoi d~ng chi cho phep dQc.

GiiJ liim \i~cNhap giiJlam \'iec

I D2 [ NGAY CONG?

Cae chi ti€t tinh lu'dng

Tfnh

lu'dng

1.2.5. QllYzt(jcv~ vi?cae muc pluit triill

M6i mQt xli' 19d milc cao co th~ phat tri~n thanh mQt so dB dong dli li~u cllachinh no d muc thl1phon va ma hlnh DFD chi tiel cua xli'19nay duQcgQi la mQth? thongcon. M6i xu 19d h~ thong con din phai th~ hi~n moi quan h~ cua chungvoi cac muc lIen. Do do cac xli'19d muc thl1pthuang dltQCdanh so la ph'an th~pphan cua muc lIen no. Vi dl;l:xu 1929 duQc phan di thanh cac xli' 19 29.1, 29.2,29.3 va neu c'an co th~ phan ra xuong muc thu ba nhu 29.3.1,29.3.2.

Cach th~ hi~n r6 rang nhl1tla ve so dB dong dli li~u d muc thl1pben trong cac

dltong bien bi~u dien so dB d muc cao bon, r6 rang tl1tca cac dong dli li~u VaGva ra xu 19d muc cao d~u phai di qua duong bien.

Cac kho dli li~u chi duQc sli'dl;lngbdi xli' 19nay se nAm ben trang, nguQc l~i

nhlingkho dIT1i~uduQcdung chung voi cac xli'19khac chung phai duQcd~t nAmlIen duong bien.

Cac th\1c th~ ben ngoai khang duQc d~t ben trang duang bien, ngay ca truong

hqp th\1c th~ do chi duQc dung duy nhl1t bdi xli' 19.<!\

Trang truong hQp dong dli 1i~u giao vdi dong dli li~u khac hay giao vdi mQt

kho dli li~u, chung ta co th~ dung mQt cung lIon d~ th~ hi~n r6 duong di cua

dong dli li~u.

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Page 8: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

~l-

I2. Vi d\1 ung d\1ng cua phuong phap DFD trong phan tich thie't ke' h~ thO'ngthong tin

VI d~ nay duQc lac gia 1a'ytir mQt b~i loan th\lc te', nh~m m~c dich giup b£:lndQchieu duQcvi~c xay d\lng m6 hlnh DFD duQc tie'n hanh ra saG?N6 cling duQcsii'd~ng trong cac chuang tie'p IDeo de minh hQa cho cac ph'an 19 thuye't trongm6i chuang.

Bai toan:

MQt c6ng ty san xua't banh k~o baa g6m 1 nha may san xua't va 3 chi nhanhphan phoi san ph~m. T£:linha may chlnh va m6i chi nhanh dell c6 kho rieng d~tan tn1'hang h6a. C6ng ty dang c'an ling d~ng tin hQc VaGvi~c qUail 19nh~p khova ban hang t£:licac chi nhanh. Vi~c ban hang dtlQc tie'n hanh b~ng cach nhanvien tie'p thi de'n chao hang va yell c'au khach hang (c6 the 1a khach hang Cllho~c mai) ghi don d~t hang, va hang se dtlQc giao sam nha't 1a sail mQt ngay.Kbach hang c6 th~ thanh loan lam nhieu 1'ancho mQth6a don ban hang.

C6ng vi~c quail 19 t£:lichi nhanhg6m cac ph'an va thu wc chi tie't duQc th~lc

hi~n nhu sail :

2.1. Nh~p hang tit tang cong ty

. Chi nhanh vie't p.hie'ud~ ngJ~ixua't hang.

. T6ng c6ng ty vie't boa don xua't va chuy~n hang cho chi nhanh.

. Chi nhanh vie't phie'u nh~p kho theo s6 luQng th\lc te' va nh~p hang VaGkho.

. Ne'u s61tlQng nh~p th\lc te' kh6ng dung vai h6a don xua't cua t6ng c6ng ty,thl chi nhanh vie't phie'u b6i thuong cho tai xe' va baa ve t6ng c6ng ty.

2.2.Ban hang cho khach

. Nhan vien tie'p thi de'n chao hang.<'~\

. Khach hang vie't don d~t hang gdi cho chi nhanh th6ng qua nhan vien tie'pthi.

. Chi nhanh kiem tra dnh hQp1~cua don d~t hang.rI:)H.~H.TlrNHIEN1

Page 9: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

. Ne'u don hang khang h<JpI~ tnllt;li eho khaeh hang.

. Ne'u don hang h<JpI~ thi ki~m tra kho xem e6 dli hang d~ giao khang '1Ne'u khang dli hang se ghi nh~n It;licae don d~t hang ehua du<Jegiaiquye't, dong thai vie't phie'u d~ nghi xuftt hang gdi eho tang eang ty.

. E>6ivdi cae don d~t hang dli hang giao thi t~p h<Jpcae don d~t hang eungtuye'n duang vao chung mQtxe giao hang.

. Vie't phie'u d~ nghi xufttkh~ eho cae xe giao hang.

. Vie't h6a don eho cae don d~t hang va xuftt hang d~ nhan vien giao hangdi giao eho khaeh hang.

2.3. Theo doi cong mj cua khach himg

. C~p nh~t eang n<Jciia khaeh hang.

. Khaeh hang thanh loan eho nhan vien tie'p thi.

. Nhan vien tie'p th! nQpti~n eho bQph~n ke' loan.

. Ke' loan vie't phieu thu ti~n eho khaeh hang.

. Ke' loan c~p nh~t rang n<Jcua khaeh hang.

Bay giG chung ta se I~p ma bing DFD d~ ma hinh h6a loan bQ cae xii' 19euacac rang vi~c qlU:ln19tren. Tn1oche't chung ta l~p ma hinh tang th~, d day c6:

Hai tl71!cthE herz ngocli

1. TONG CONG TY

2. KHAcH HANG. - .

Niim xi( ly chinh

1. Nh~p hang cho chi nhanh.

2. Ki~m tra don d~t hang.

3. Ki~m tra kho va xuftt hang.

4. Thea d6i cang n<;icua khaeh hang.

5. L~p cae baa eao nh~p xuftt ton kho va eang n<J.

Cac kho da lifu<'~\

I. Danh m~c khach hang - luu tra danh saeh eua tilt ca cae khach hang.

2. Danh m~c san ph§'m - lu'utra danh saeh eua t{t ea cae san ph§'m.

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Page 10: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

3. Phie'u nh~p kho cua chi nhanh - hm tru tilt ca.cac phie'u nh~p kho cua chinhanh.

4. Phie'u xuilt kho cua chi nhanh - lu'u tru tilt ca d.c phie'u xuilt kho cua chinhanh.

5. ton kho cua chi nhanh - hill tru so lu'c;ington kho hang h6a cua chi nhanh.

6. Bdn d~t hang - luu tru tilt ca ddn d~t hang mdi va ddn d~t hang cho giaol~i tru'dc d6 cua khcichhang. Tr~ng thai "mdi" hay "cho giao l~i" cua cacddn d~t hang du'c;iCphan bi~t bdi thuQctinh trgng thai.

7. H6a ddn - luu tru tilt ca h6a ddn cua khach hang.

8. Cong nc;ikhach hang - lu'u tru cac fan thanh loan cua tung h6a ddn, cuakhach hang.

9. Phie'uxuiltkho cua tang cong ty - lu'utru tilt ca phie'uxuiltkho cua tangcong ty xuiit hang cho chi nhanh.

10. Phie'u boi thu'ong Cita tai xe' - luu tru thong tin boi thu'ong cua tai xe' trong

tru'ong hc;ipxay ra milt hang.

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Page 11: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

Hinh 3 ..Mo hZllhDFD to?llgquat cua h? thffllg

~ PHrEU NHAp

El

TONG

CONG TY

H6a ddn xu;!'! kho Nh~p hangcho

chi nhanh

D5 TON KHO

2 3

E2

KHA.CH

HANGhang

Ki~m tfak11ova

xuilthang

Ki~m tfa

don diit

4 5

Theo d6i

cong nqcua

L~p caebao cao

nh~p xua'tva cong nq

ElTONG

CONG TY

kMch hang/ 4\

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Page 12: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

D€ hi€u 1'6 them sl1 ho<;ltdQng cua h~ th6ng chung ta se phan Iff cae xii' ly cua

ma hinh tang quat xu6ng cae mile thap bon. Dftu lien la xii' ly "Nh~p hang vao

chi nhanh" trong xii' ly nay, ngoai vi~c xii' dl;lng cae:

Kho dli li~u chung: Philu nhqp kho, t6n kho du'qc d~t n~m t1'en du'ong bien.

Thl1Cth€ bell ngoai : Tang cong ty du'qc d~t bell ngoai du'ong bien.

con co hai kho dli li~u: Philu xuat cua t6ng ty, philu b6i thuang chi du'<;Jcxii' dl:111g

trong xii' ly nay, nen chung du'<;Jcd~t ben trong du'ong bien cua xii' ly.?amile phan 1'anay xii'ly chinh du'<;Jcchia thanh 5 xii'ly d mile thap hon:

1. Vie't hoa don xua't kho t<;litang c6ng ty.

2. Ki€m t1'a s6 hJ'<;Jnghoa don voi so s61u'<;Jngthl1c te'.

3. Vie't phie'u nh~p kho cua chi nhanh.

4. Di-euchinh s61u'<;Jngton kho.

5. L~p phie'u boi tht(ong cho tai xe' ne'u bi ma't hang.

Hlnh 4: M{j hillh DFD ciia xli lj UNhqp hll1zg VllOchi llluillh "

1. Nh~p hang vao chi nhanh

09 I P. XUAT TCT

1.1 1.2 1.3El

TONGCONG TY

H6a deiu

xui;'! kh-o

Vie't

hoa don

:mat kho

Ki~m tra

s6h1<1ng -

so v6ihoa don

Vie't phie'unh~p kho-&'Nh~p hang

LL-

L~p phi€ub6i thuang

chotai x€

1.5

Bi€uchlnh

t6n kho

DIol BOI TWaNG

41

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Page 13: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

Hinh 5: MfJ Illnll DFD ciia xu ij "Kiim tra dUlldijt Ilcuzg"

2. Ki~m tra ddn d~t hang '\

1E0 KHA.CH

I2.1 2.2 2.3

E2KRAcH

HAN/

ViEt

ddn d~thang

Bdnd~thang

Ki~m tra

khach

hang

Khach Nh~phangmdi thOng tin

khach hangmoi

Khach

hangcu

2.4

Ki~m tra

ten

san pMm1E2 j SANPHAM

TenSP

TenSP

sai dung

2.6 2.5

Gdi

thOngbao

:\d vltdt

qui djnh

--- -~ ~ --Thon)l

baa Ki~m tra

c6ng n<;1iDS I CONGNQ

Bdn d~t han~{~6ID.DATHANG

7Mile ph an ra eua xU' Iy "KitSm ITa don d~t hang" kh6ng co cae kho dii' li~u

rieng IDa sU'dl;mg c.t,c:

Kho dii' li~u chung: khach hang, San phclm, cong nr; va dan dgt hang.

Tht;tethtSben ngoai: Khach hang

L Trang: 16

Page 14: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

Ph'an xii' ly dU<;1Cphan ra thanh 6 xii' ly nho han:

1. Khach hang vie't don d~t hang.

2. Ki€m tra khach hang tren don d~t hang da co chua?

3. C~p nh~t cac thong tin v'e khach hang, ne'u la khach hang maio

4. Ki€m tra xem cac ten san phfim ghi tren don d~t hang co dung haykhong? .

5. Ki€m tra khach hang co n<;1vu<;1tqua s6 ti'en qui dinh hay khong?

6. Gdi thong baa tra l~i don d~t hang cha khach, ne'u khach hang ghi sai tensan phfim ha~c s6 n<;1da vu<;1tqua quy dinh.

Page 15: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

ffinh 6: Mfj hinh DFD cua xii Ii "Kiim tra kIlOva giao hang"

3. Ki6m tra kho va giao hang

EJJ-Iang

TON KHOD6 IB. BAT HANG

3.1 3.4 3.3

Bi€u chinhkho va

l~p phie'uxua'tkho

IBBBM~I ~pKi6mtra bOadonva

tan kho giaohang

Khongdtl

hangxu!;'t

HOA DCiNE1

TONG

CONG TY

~ '").:>.-

Vie't pbjeu

d€ n"bjc .

xua't kho

Dsl CONG N<}

E2 .

KRAcHHANG

H6a don + hang h6a

Xli'19"Ki~m tra kho va giao hang" duQc tie'n tanh bdi 4 xli'19nha:

1. Ki~m tra s61uQng tan kho.

2. Bi-eu chinh s61uQngkho va l~p phie'u xuit.

3. L~p hoa ddn ~ lien tanh giao hang cho khach.

4. Vie't phie'u d-enghi xuit hang gdi v-e tang ~6ng ty trong truong s6 luQnghang d chi nhanh kh6ng dd d~ giao. .

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Page 16: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

Cac xli' 19 nay khong dung kho diI li<$ufieng ma chung se lac dQng dtn cac:

Kho diI li<$uchung: Don d{jt hang, phitu xwl't, t8n kho, h6a don va cong nq.

Tht1c th~ bell ngoai: T6ng cong ty va khach hang.

Chung ta da phan fa 3 xli' 19 cua mo hlnh tang quat, tfong 2 xii' 19 con I~i thi

xii' 19 "L~p cac baa cao ve nh~p xuat kho va qUail 19 cong nQ" chi Ia vi<$ctang

hQp thong ke cac thong tin d'au vao lien chung ta khong c'an phai phan fa chi titt

them. Rieng mo hinh phan fa cua xli' 19 "Theo d6i cong nQ cua khach hang" thiduQc chia thanh 3 xli' 19nho:

1. Khach hang nQp lien.

2. Vitt phitu thu.

3. C~p nh~t cong nQ ciia khach hang.

Cac xli' 19 nay lac dQng dtn:

Kho diI li<$uchung: cong nq va Phie'u thu.

Tht1c th~ ngoai: Khach hang

ffinh 7: Mo hillh DFD ciia xiiii' "Theo doi collg m! ciia kluicll hilllg"

4. Thea d6i cong nd cua Khach halHT '\

4.1 4.2E2

'RHAcH ,-

HANG

/NQptih

- Vie't

phie'uthu

-

~ PHrEU THU

\.

Phie'utllU

4.3

<>,1\

qp nh~t

cong n~1DSI CONGNQ

"- ./

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Page 17: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

3. Nhfi'ng h~n che' cua phuong phap DFD va huang khiic ph\lc

Qua cae ph'an trlnh bay lIen chung ta c6 mQt vai daub gia v'e phuong phapDFD nhu sail:

Uu diim

T~o duc;icmQt co sd thang nhfft cho vi~c th~ hi~n mQt h~ thang thong tin, giup

cho vi~c traG d6i thong tin giii'a phan rich vien - ngudi sli' dl.;lllg,giii'a phan rich

vien - l~p trlnh vien trd nen d~ dang, nguai sli' dung c6 th~ hlnh dung ra Gong

vi~c cila hQva cae moi lien h~.

B~ng cach sit d~ng cac hlnh anh trl;I'cquail n6 giup vi~c th~ hi~n mQth~ thangthong tin duc;icthl;I'chi~n d~ dang, thong doi hoi ngudi dung phai lieu tan nhi'euthai gian cho vi~c hi~u bie't n6.

Khuye'tdiim

Tuy c6 mQt vai quy udc chi phai vi~c ke't nai cac doi tuc;ingtrong mo hlnh,nhung ph'an ldn d'eu mang tinh trl;I'cquail, thie'u cac co Sd ly lu~n ch~t che, thongc6 mQtquy lu~t naG chi phai so luc;ingcling nhu nQi dung cila cac dong dii' li~uVaGva dong dii' li~u ra clla mQtdai tltc;ing,ching h~n trong mo hlnh "nh~p hangVaGchi nhanh" d trang 15 ne'u chung ta ve them cac dong dii' li~u 1.1 -7 D3, 1.1~ D10 va 1.1-7 1.4 thl dl.tdig6c dQ cu phap cac dong dii' li~u nay d'eu hc;iP1~,

nhung v'e phuong di~n ngii'nghia thl cae dong dii' li~u nay thong c6 thl;I'c.

Khi dQc mQt mo hinh DFD chung ta d~ dang hlnh dung dong dii' li~u di

chuy~n nhlt the' naG, nhl.tng do thong c6 nhii'ng quy dinh ch~t che d~ di~n giai

cho dung cac dong dii' li~u ra va nhii'ng quy lu~t chi phai cac mai quail h~ giii'a

_cacdong dii' li~ll VaGva cae dong dii' li~u ra clia mQt daitltc;ing, nen rfft kh6 )Cae

dinh cae moi quail h~ ton t~i trong h~ thong d~ tie'n hanh ki~m tra trong giai

do~n di d~t. Vi d~: dai vdi xli' ly 2.2 trong mo hlnh "Ki~m tra don d~t hang" atrang 16 chung ta thong th~ xac dinh duc;icmai quail h~ giii'a hai dong dii' li~uVaG2.1-7 2.2, D1 -7 2.2 va hai dong dii' li~u ra 2.2 -7 2.3,2.2 -7 2.4 la gl?

Vi thong xac dinh duc;iCcac mai quail h~ trong mo hlnh, nen thong th~ thl;I'Chi~n vi~c ki~m tra d~ xac dinh tinh dung diln clia mo hlnh. Do d6 c6 th~ dftn tdicae sai l'am khi dlta h~ thang VaGtri~n thai ap dl;lllg.

Kh6 khan khi xem xet sl;I'ho(;ltdQng va tr(;lngthai hi~n t~i clla h~ thang khi

c'anthie't,ching h~n1hi xem sl;I'ho~t dQng clia h~ thong "Quan ly ban hang", thi

m6i ngudi se hinh dung sl;tho~t dQng clia h~ thong rhea cach rieng clia minh,chlithong c6 mQtcach thuc, mQtphuong phap th~ hi~n chung, ma mQinguai khi

Trang: 20

Page 18: XU LY DFD (Quan Ly Ban Hang)

nhin vao d6 d~u hi€u duQc sl1ho~t dQng va tr~ng thai cua h~ thong dff dil3n ranhu the' nao.

Hudng khiic ph¥c

TIm kie'm mQt ma hinh c6 ca sd Iy thuye't ch~t che, c6 th€ xay dl1ngh~ thongchuang trinh d€ till kie'm cac moi quail h~ tan t~i trong h~ thong, LIenca sd cacquail h~ till duQc ke't hQp vdi cac t~p dli li~u mftu thl1Cte' d€ ki€m ITama hinh,ngoai ra thl1c hi~n vi~c giii I~p sl1ho~t dQng cua ma hinh d€ xem xet sl1 ho~tdQngcua cac doi tuQng trong ma hinh.

Vdi huang giiii quye't nhu uoen,cang vi~c tie'p theo la xay dl1ng cac lu~t dftnxufit d€ chuy€n cac quy udc ky hi~u cua ma hinh DFD sang ma hinh mdi, thl1chi~n till kie'm cac moi quail h~ tan t~i trong ma hinh mdi, tir d6 phan anh nguQcI~icac moi quail h~ leu ma hinh DFD, dang thai dl1avao chung d€ ki€m tra mahinhDFD. .

Tren co sd yell c'au d~t ra nhu the', m~ng PeuoiduQc xay dl1ng LIenco sd loanhQc ch~t che, cling vdi cac thai ni~m (cac khai nifm nay sl! du(jc gidi thich Jchuang sau): place, transition rfit giong cac doi tuQng: thl1c th€ ngoai, tho dlili~u, xli' Iy cua ma hinh DFD. Han the' nlia cac thai ni~m: bitt bitn, kh6ng giantrqmgthai duQc th€ hi~n dudi d~ng cac cang thlic loan hQCse Ia cac cang c~ giupchung ta till kie'm cac moi quail h~ va th€ hi~n tr~ng thai cua h~ thong. Nhu v~ym~ng Petri Ia ma hinh tot nha't giup chung ta giai quye't cac va'n d~ kh6 khantrong ma hinh DFD.

Trudc khi ling d~ng m~ng Petri d€ giai quye't cac va'n d~ lieU LIen, chung tac'andi vao chuang 2 d€ till hi€u m~ng Petri mQtcach r6 rang bon.

4\

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