Xuan Presentation

8/6/2019 Xuan Presentation

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Current situation ofurban wastewater

management in viet nam

challenges & solutions

By bui xuan doan

Vice DirectorAdministration of technical infrastructure

Ministry of construction

16-17.04.2009 in thanh hoa city



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contents

Current situationChallenges

Solutions



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Current situation of urban

wastewater management in viet nam

Combined sewage/drainage systems arecommonly used for both storm-water

and wastewater

Sewage/drainage systems wereconstructed many years ago and have

become very old.



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Drainage service coverage is onlyabout 60%.

Most of wastewater is not treated

before discharging into receiving

water. Total capacity of all existing

wastewater treatment plants is only

265,000m3/day and night (10% smaller

than the demand).





• Average length of sewers per capitain big cities is between 0.2 and0.25m (for other big cities in theworld, this is 2m per capita).

• Quality of sewers: 50% of these was

deteriorated requiring some repairsor replacements, only 20% of thesegot new investments.



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Consequences: severe pollution of

water resources (surface & ground

water)

Resolvingenvironmental

pollution is

primary concern of

GoV & international

donors &organizations



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Many programs and projects have beenfinanced by WB, ADB, etc., and

bilateral governments such as Japan,

France, Denmark, etc. for constructing

sewage and wastewater treatment

systems.



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Selected pictures of wastewater treatmentplant project in cities of Vietnam

DAKLAK WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT



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Model of organization and management is

inconsistent. 4 centrally run cities such as HaNoi, Hai Phong, Da Nang, Can Tho have theirdrainage/sewerage companies as a separateentity while in the remaining cities, this existsin the form of a subornidate/unit of water

supply companies or URENCOS.



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Institutional, legal framework

Legal system is incomplete and asynchronous.

Although environmental protection law, waterresource law, decrees 88 and 59 were issued, thissystem still needs to be streamlined and

perfected. Unclear and overlapped responsibilities and

decentralization.



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SEWAGE DEVELOPMENT TARGETS

to 2025

Sewage coverage extended to 80%

Sewage, wastewater collection and treatment systems of highpriority constructed synchronically in big cities, cities fortourism and watershed areas

Decentralized wastewater solutions studied and implemented

for appropriate and small urban areasLocalized wastewater treatment stations constructed athealth facilities and industrial premises

Flooding and inundation, as well as environmental pollutionresolved to ensure sustainable development



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CHALLENGES TO drainage/sewerage

sector

Lack of infrastructure and heavy pressure due to

population growth and rapid urbanization (thecurrent rate is 27%, expected to be around 35% in2015, around 50% by 2025; drainage/seweragedemand is quite high, expected to be around 6 million

m3/day by 2015 and around 11 million m3/day by2025.

Lack of investment capital, weak and limited

mobilization of social resources and communityparticipation in infrastructure development andmanagement.



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CHALLENGES TO drainage/sewerage

sector

Lack of human resources with adequate skills

and management expertise

Low customer fee, which cannot cover O&M

costs and investment costLow awareness of authorities and community



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POLICIES AND SOLUTIONS

Legislative improvements towards systematization

and comprehensivenessPolicies of preferences and incentives for resourcesmobilization

IEC for awareness raisingCost recovery principle, and polluter pays principle

Institutional strengthening, human resources training

International cooperation and experience exchange



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On-going programs/plans

Plans for drainage/sewerage and solid waste

management for 3 key economic areas(northern, central and southern parts of Viet

Nam) up to 2020 were approved at decisions1336/QD-TTg dated 22.9.2008 and 40/QD-TTg

dated 6.10.09.



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Brief introduction about some basic contents

of Decree 88/2007/ND-CP

Principle: to clarify powers, duties and responsibilities of the

entities related to the drainage/sewerage activities.In line with trend, decentralization policy of GoV, taking themunicipal government as its basis, directly responsible fororganizing the drainage/sewerage services in their territory.

Relations among agencies, organizations and individuals:through a contract.

Polluter pays principle to maintain the supply of services.

International integration.



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of decree 88/2007/ND-CP

Main contents:

Drainage/sewerage planning: drainage/sewerageaccording to the river’s basin.

Regional drainage/sewerage plan:MoC shall carry

out appraisal of this for submitting to the governmentfor approval or shall be authorized for approval.

Drainage/sewerage plan for provinces/cities: under

the responsibilies of PPCs/CPCs.



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Main contents:

Investment for drainage/sewerage development: regulations onowners, investors.

Funding, investment phasing, preferences, incentives for

involvement of economic sectors. Synchronous investment for both drainage/sewerage network

systems and WWTPs.

Drainage/sewerage planning: drainage/sewerage according tothe river’s basin.



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Main contents:

Management and operation of drainage/seweragesystem.

Selection of operator: to be signed between themunicipal government and operator, including thebasic contents of management tasks such as contract,asset management (a circular guiding theimplementation of the decree will be issued, inclusiveof one sample of O & M contract).



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Main contents:

Drainage/sewerage service: regulation on

connection point between property and

drainage/sewerage system. Service contract between drainage/sewerage

entity and drainage/sewerage discharger

(except household).



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Main contents:

Wastewater fees: Subject to wastewater fee, principles, methods for

determining fee collection level.

Procedure, responsibilites of preparing, apprasingand decisions for approving wastewater fee.

Mode of collection, payment, management and use of

wastewater fee. Note: wastewater fee is regulated at Decrees 88 & 67



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Brief introduction about some basic

contents of decree 88/2007/ND-CP

Main contents: Rights and duties of the relevant parties.

Checking, inspecting and dealing with theviolations

Implementation clauses.



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For more details, please contact:

Technical Infrastructure AdministrationMinistry of Construction

37 Le Dai Hanh St. – Hanoi

Tel: 04 – 3.976.0271 Ext.206

Fax: 04 – 3.974.2132



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Thank you

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