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YABANCI DİL SEVİYE TESPİT SINAVI İNGİLİZCE YDS Derleme 1 1. Bu testte 80 soru vardır. 2. Her soru 1,25 puan değer taşımaktadır. 3. Yanlış cevap doğru seçeneği götürmeyecektir. 4. Sınavın toplam süresini 150 dakikadır NOT: Bu deneme ÖSYM sorularına 2 adet ÖZGÜN soru ilavesi ile oluşturulmuştur. Toplam 7443 kelime içeren testimiz, gerekli itina gösterilmeye çalışılsa da, herhangi bir zorluk ayarına tabii tutulmamış olduğundan, büyük ihtimalle sınavda alacağınız notu gösteremeyecektir. Ancak durumun ne olduğunu kabaca görmek isteyenler ve toplu deneme yapan çalışma arkadaşlarım için bir kaynak olarak faydalı olabilir. Mehmet Mamger BAŞARILAR DİLERİM.

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Page 1: YABANCI DİL SEVİYE TESPİT SINAVI İNGİLİZCE YDS fileDENEME NASIL ÇÖZÜLÜR . Çoğu kişi maalesef sınava hazırlanmanın önemli bir parametresi olan . deneme. çözmeyi ciddiye

YABANCI DİL SEVİYE TESPİT SINAVI İNGİLİZCE

YDS Derleme 1

1. Bu testte 80 soru vardır. 2. Her soru 1,25 puan değer taşımaktadır. 3. Yanlış cevap doğru seçeneği götürmeyecektir. 4. Sınavın toplam süresini 150 dakikadır

NOT: Bu deneme ÖSYM sorularına 2 adet ÖZGÜN soru ilavesi ile oluşturulmuştur.

Toplam 7443 kelime içeren testimiz, gerekli itina gösterilmeye çalışılsa da, herhangi bir zorluk ayarına tabii tutulmamış olduğundan, büyük ihtimalle sınavda alacağınız notu gösteremeyecektir.

Ancak durumun ne olduğunu kabaca görmek isteyenler ve toplu deneme yapan çalışma arkadaşlarım için bir kaynak olarak faydalı olabilir. Mehmet Mamger

BAŞARILAR DİLERİM.

Page 2: YABANCI DİL SEVİYE TESPİT SINAVI İNGİLİZCE YDS fileDENEME NASIL ÇÖZÜLÜR . Çoğu kişi maalesef sınava hazırlanmanın önemli bir parametresi olan . deneme. çözmeyi ciddiye

DENEME NASIL ÇÖZÜLÜR

Çoğu kişi maalesef sınava hazırlanmanın önemli bir parametresi olan deneme çözmeyi ciddiye almaz ve onu alıştırma ile karıştırır. Oysa deneme bir konuda ustalaşmak için kullandığımız alıştırmalardan çok farklıdır. Amacı gayet nettir:

1. Seviyenin tespiti

2. İlerleme olup olmadığının tespiti

3. Eksikliklerin tespiti

4. Gerçek sınav için sağlam bir teknik ve yöntem geliştirme

Ben bir deneme çözümünde şu altı kıstasın olmazsa olmaz olduğunu düşünenlerdenim:

1. TEK OTURUM, TAM SÜRE: Bir sınav tek oturumda ve araya mola verilmeden çözülmeli. Sınav esnasında bir şey yenilip içilmemeli, tuvalet ve sigara molası da dâhil, araya mola konmamalı. Zira gerçek sınavda bunları yapma şansımız yok. Her mola, denemedeki puanımızı yükseltecek ve durumumuz hakkında gerçekçi olmayan fikirlere sahip olmamızı sağlayacaktır. Eğer İKİ BUÇUK SAATLİK TEK OTURUM yapma şansımız hiç yoksa, verilen her mola için toplam süreden tam 5 dakika kısaltılmalıdır. Üç defadan daha fazla mola verilmiş ise eğer, artık o sınav bir DENEME SINAVI değildir.

2. SINAV BİTMEDEN KONTROL YOK: Tüm sorular bitmeden yapacağınız her kontrol, netinizi yukarı çıkaracak ve durum tespitini imkânsızlaştıracaktır. Oysa gerçek sınavda, mesela 50. sorudayken bile, 3. soruda verdiğimiz seçeneğin doğru olup olmadığı fikri beynimizi yemeye devam eder. Kuşku ve belirsizlik, neti aşağı çeker.

3. TAKILINCA İŞARETLEME GEÇ, SONRA BAK – SÜPÜRME YÖNTEMİ: Boş bırakabilme erdemi, çoğu kişinin A puanlarına ulaşabilmesinde en önemli etkendir. Basit nedenlerle, okuduğu seçenekte çabuk bir doğru cevap bulmazsa işaretleme yapmadan geçen bir kişi, daha sonra aynı seçeneğe baktığında doğruya ulaşacaktır:

• Uğraştığınız seçenek BOYUNUZUN ÜZERİNDE ve hatta iptal edilecek bir YANLIŞ SORU olabilir. Onunla uğraşmanız zamanınızı yer ve kendinize inancınızı bitirir. İkisi de size en lazım olan şey. Oluşan zaman baskısı ve hüsran duygusu, normalde doğru cevaplanabilecek ve çok daha kolay pek çok sorunun yanlış cevaplanmasına yol açacaktır.

• Uğraştığınız seçenek çözebileceğiniz zorluktadır ama o anda cevabı hatırlamıyorsunuz veya doğru açıdan bakmıyorsunuzdur. Israr etmeniz size yardımcı olmaz. Ama başka sorularla uğraşırken, beyniniz zaten bu soru için de yeter miktarda mesai sarf edecek ve bir daha baktığınızda soruyu gayet kolaylaşmış olacaktır: Beyniniz problemi çözmüş veya soruya yeniden bakarken bakış anızı değiştirmişsinizdir.

• Uğraştığınız sorunun cevabı ya doğrudan veya modelleme mantığına göre okuyacağınız diğer sorularda gizli olabilir. Siz diğer soruları okurken, beyniniz buradan doğru bilgileri kodlayacak ve yeniden boş bıraktığınız soruya geldiğinizde, tercihiniz büyük ihtimalle doğru olacaktır. Unutmayın en büyük kopya, soru kitapçığınızın bizatihi kendisidir.

Soruların hepsini bitirdikten sonra boş bıraktığınız sorulara yine sırayla birkaç defa dönüp, her doğru cevap çıkmadığında yeniden boş bırakıp geçmeyi unutmayın. Böylece belirli bir süpürme-tarama yöntemiyle aynı sorulara birkaç kez bakmış olacaksınız. Son 10 dakikada ise artık atma vakti gelmiş olabilir. Hilelere ancak burada yer veriniz.

4. SINAV BİTİNCE TAHMİN: Sınavdan sonra kaç net alacağınızı ±5 hata ile bilmeniz, durumunuzu tespitte çok önemlidir. Bu tahmin bir müddet sonra hangi seçeneği bilerek, hangisini ise sallayarak yaptığınızı bilmeniz hususunda size olağanüstü bir yetenek kazandıracak ve böylece hangi seçeneği hemen işaretleyeceğinizi, hangi seçeneği boş bırakıp sonra bakmanız gerektiğini ve hangi seçenekte aslında atmak durumunuzda olduğunu ve dolayısıyla hile-hurda kullanabileceğinizi bilmenizi sağlayacak.

5. YANLIŞLARI BİR DAHA ÇÖZ – TURLAMA: Cevapları başkasına kontrol ettirip, yanlış cevaplarınızı bir daha çözmeye çalışmanız, bir sonraki denemenizde NET ARTIRABİLMENİZ neredeyse en garanti yoludur. Beyniniz (a) iki şık arasında hangisini seçmeniz gerektiğini öğrenecek, (b) yanlış yaptığı soruyu bir daha çözdüreceğinizi anladığından, ilk hamlede doğruyu görmeyi başarabilecektir. Turlamayı illaki tüm soruların cevabını kendiniz buluncaya kadar yapınız. Ama İLK TUR, en öğretici olandır.

6. KELİME ÖĞREN: Sınavın bir kısmından keklime öğrenmeyi ihmal etmeyin. Bir limitiniz olsun, mesela 100. O sınavdan tam 100 adet bilmediğiniz kelime öğrenmeye bakın. Sadece paragraflardaki kelimelere bakmanız bile yeterli olabilecektir.

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

1.-6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

1. Competition is generally regarded as an ---- ingredient in the search for efficiency and innovation.

A) irrepressible B) impulsive

C) improbable D) indispensable

E) arrogant

2. Acid rain now presents scientists in Asia with ---- every bit as demanding as those faced in Europe at the end of the 20th century.

A) contradictions B) intentions

C) challenges D) responses

E) deceptions

3. The local officials had ---- wanted a steel bridge to span the river, but finally agreed to a reinforced concrete one.

A) nearly B) initially C) fairly

D) fully E) completely

4. By the 2nd century A.D., peace and order once more ---- in Rome’s outlying provinces.

A) delivered B) exceeded

C) prevailed D) restrained

E) resisted

5. Couldn’t we ensure that all critical networks are kept securely ---- from the rest of the world?

A) taken away B) left out C) put down

D) made over E) cut off

6. After the explosion of the Columbia eight years ago, NASA carefully ---- plans for what to do if an orbiter reached space safely but was damaged and could not return.

A) gave back B) brought out C) found out

D) drew up E) dealt with

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

7. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

7. This particular rocket motor ---- to burn out after about 65 seconds, after which the craft ---- to coast upward for about 20 seconds.

A) was being designed / has continued

B) had been designed / will continue

C) was designed / had continued

D) would be designed / continued

E) has been designed / continues

8. Programmes of this type ---- electricity, gas and water supply networks ---- from a central control point.

A) allowed / managing

B) allow / to be managed

C) would allow / to have been managed

D) have allowed / to have managed

E) will allow / having been managed

9. When the first Spanish explorers ---- the Florida shores in the 16th century as they searched for rumored gold and eternal youth, a number of native Indian tribes ---- throughout the peninsula.

A) was approaching / was long residing

B) approaches / long resided

C) approached / had long resided

D) have approached / could long reside

E) had approached / had long resided

10. Children’s first experiments with paint begin ---- many rhythmic brushings back and forth ---- the paper.

A) with / across B) by / on

C) within / over D) through / for

E) off / from

11. One of the best fossil locations in the United States is the Morrison formation area ---- the Dinosaur National Monument, which covers the border ---- the states of Colorado and Utah.

A) about / of B) in / on

C) at / between D) onto / through

E) over / towards

12. ---- the drinking culture affects virtually every doctor in the land, with alcohol causally related to 60 different medical conditions, it is rather shocking that treatment for heavy drinkers seems to have been such a low priority over the years.

A) Given that B) In case C) So that

D) Unless E) As soon as

2

Page 5: YABANCI DİL SEVİYE TESPİT SINAVI İNGİLİZCE YDS fileDENEME NASIL ÇÖZÜLÜR . Çoğu kişi maalesef sınava hazırlanmanın önemli bir parametresi olan . deneme. çözmeyi ciddiye

MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

13. Musical performers can be classified into many different categories ---- vocalists and instrumentalists.

A) as well as B) both C) such as

D) either E) more than

14. The cause of Beethoven’s death remained a great mystery ---- the year 2000, when a sample of his hair was analyzed using sophisticated technology.

A) since B) until C) because

D) while E) after

15. They were immensely pleased with their find, ----, although the crater’s size is not particularly noteworthy, its structure is unique.

A) nevertheless B) but

C) however D) for

E) unless

16. Such an investment would save many times ---- water as could ever be supplied by draining the Ebro river.

A) the more B) more C) as much

D) as more E) the most

3

Page 6: YABANCI DİL SEVİYE TESPİT SINAVI İNGİLİZCE YDS fileDENEME NASIL ÇÖZÜLÜR . Çoğu kişi maalesef sınava hazırlanmanın önemli bir parametresi olan . deneme. çözmeyi ciddiye

MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

17.-21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

According to a recent report, public libraries in Britain will be redundant by 2020 if current trends continue. It is apparently the falling price of books that (17) ---- libraries into a decline. The libraries themselves have fought valiantly to reverse the (18) ----. They now offer DVDs and computers with internet (19) ----. But these, too, are increasingly affordable and (20) ---- available at home. (21) ---- libraries, it may indeed be the final chapter.

17.

A) had sent B) would send C) has sent

D) sent E) was sending

18.

A) occasion B) effort C) experience

D) situation E) delivery

19.

A) exit B) entrance C) access

D) admission E) exposure

20.

A) however B) therefore

C) nevertheless D) yet

E) while

21.

A) Against B) At C) To

D) With E) For

4

Page 7: YABANCI DİL SEVİYE TESPİT SINAVI İNGİLİZCE YDS fileDENEME NASIL ÇÖZÜLÜR . Çoğu kişi maalesef sınava hazırlanmanın önemli bir parametresi olan . deneme. çözmeyi ciddiye

MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

22. -26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Towards the end of the 19th century, the typewriter was already becoming popular, and new models rapidly followed (22) ----. In particular, designers (23) ---- ways of making them smaller and lighter. Aluminum came to their aid. Up to that time aluminum had been (24) ---- expensive for use in anything except luxury items. But, following the discovery in 1886 of an electrolytic refining method the (25) ---- had increased and the price had accordingly (26) ----.

22.

A) one another B) each one C) the next

D) another E) the other one

23.

A) are seeking B) would seek

C) have sought D) sought

E) would be seeking

24.

A) such B) too C) more

D) as E) so

25.

A) supply B) excess C) cost

D) amount E) process

26.

A) risen B) fallen C) exchanged

D) ceased E) delayed

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Page 8: YABANCI DİL SEVİYE TESPİT SINAVI İNGİLİZCE YDS fileDENEME NASIL ÇÖZÜLÜR . Çoğu kişi maalesef sınava hazırlanmanın önemli bir parametresi olan . deneme. çözmeyi ciddiye

MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

27. - 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

27. As computer systems grow even more complex ----.

A) this could have been a boon for information technology services firms

B) they have to be managed by information technology consultancies

C) they were still focussing primarily on performance and new features

D) they will have tackled some of the most complex problems imaginable

E) the automatic destruction of computer viruses is another one

28. ---- when we interfere with planetary processes on a large scale.

A) Climate change would almost certainly be accelerated

B) We were extremely lucky that industrialists chose to use chlorine compounds not bromine

C) The polar regions were adversely affected too

D) We know surprisingly little about the risks we are running

E) Aerosol emissions stay in the atmosphere for only a few days

29. Since we cannot eliminate natural hazards such as earthquakes, ----.

A) we should certainly make ourselves better prepared to deal with them

B) some companies would claim to have found tailored solutions to them

C) such a natural catastrophe was quite unexpected

D) it is rarely covered by an insurance policy

E) on this occasion financial losses were enormous

30. Though demand greater than supply pushes up profits in a business, ----.

A) it produces misery in a welfare state

B) the employees also responded well

C) they were offered a poor quality of service

D) this determines the amount of profit

E) the issue of mutual esteem and respect should be overlooked

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Page 9: YABANCI DİL SEVİYE TESPİT SINAVI İNGİLİZCE YDS fileDENEME NASIL ÇÖZÜLÜR . Çoğu kişi maalesef sınava hazırlanmanın önemli bir parametresi olan . deneme. çözmeyi ciddiye

MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

31. While everyone unconsciously uses defence mechanisms, ----.

A) some people assume that they can deal with problems on their own

B) treatments differ according to the type of personality disorder

C) people with a dependent personality avoid undertaking responsibilities

D) drug therapy is frequently complicated by misuse of the drugs or by suicide attempts

E) people with personality disorders use them in inappropriate or immature ways

32. ----, the remaining cells of this type often generate new cells.

A) As most human cells do not maintain large stores of carbohydrates

B) Although cells are capable of performing their special functions

C) Since the principal substance from which cells extract energy is oxygen

D) When cells of a particular type are destroyed, due to one cause or another

E) Because the most abundant substance in most cells is proteins

33. Europeans, apparently, feel it is their duty to tell Australians ----.

A) whether any damage will have occurred

B) if clinical trials were not permissible

C) so that they designate special areas of conservation

D) how they should protect their coral reefs

E) until the committee can safely discuss the findings

34. To prevent a repeat of the Columbia catastrophe, NASA requires all shuttles to dock with the space station, ----.

A) in case continued exploration of the moon could reveal much about the evolution of the solar system

B) even if ground telescopes equipped with adaptive optics can be as efficient as the Hubble Space Telescope

C) since the orbiters sent to Mars in the past few years have thoroughly mapped its topography and mineralogy

D) just as the fundamental goal of missions has been to expand the human presence in space

E) where astronauts can inspect and repair damage to the vehicles or, if necessary, await a rescue effort

7

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

35. ----, life as we know it could not exist.

A) As far as they had penetrated

B) Since the ozone layer had been irreparably damaged

C) If the Earth were directly exposed to solar wind

D) Until considerably more knowledge is accumulated

E) That everything points to the contrary in these arctic regions

36. ----, it was possible to travel from the Adriatic coast to Syria, on wide, well-constructed, stone roads.

A) As the Roman way of life was dominant

B) As roads would have been of vital importance for trade

C) Unless the Roman Empire brought benefits

D) When the Roman Empire was at its height

E) Until the Roman Empire had begun to expand

37. -42. soruIarda, verilen İngilizce cümlenin Türkçesini, Türkçe cümlenin İngilizcesini bulunuz.

37. The European Union has supported democratic elections throughout Latin America by providing technical assistance to local electoral authorities.

A) Güney Amerika’daki tüm demokratik seçimler, yerel seçim yetkililerine teknik yardım sağlayan Avrupa Birliği’nin desteğiyle gerçekleşmiştir.

B) Avrupa Birliği, yerel seçim yetkililerine teknik yardım sağlayarak, tüm Latin Amerika’da demokratik seçimleri desteklemiştir.

C) Avrupa Birliği, Güney Amerika’nın tümünde, yerel seçim yetkililerine teknik yardım yapmanın yanı sıra, demokratik seçimlere destek vermiştir.

D) Tüm Güney Amerika’da, demokratik seçimler, Avrupa Birliği’nin, yerel seçim yetkililerine teknik yardım ve desteğiyle gerçekleşmiştir.

E) Güney Amerika’nın tümünde demokratik seçimleri destekleyen Avrupa Birliği, yerel seçim yetkililerine teknik yardım da sağlamıştır.

38. A study made by an American research centre has found that the Internet is the third most popular source for news among Americans, behind local and national television.

A) Amerikalılar arasında, İnternetin, yerel ve ulusal televizyonun ardından en sık yararlanılan üçüncü haber kaynağı olduğunun, bir Amerikan araştırma merkezince belirlenmesinden sonra, internetin yaygınlığı artmıştır.

B) Bir Amerikan şirketinin yaptığı araştırmaya göre Amerikan toplumunun üçüncü en güvenilir haber kaynağı, yerel ve ulusal televizyonun ardından gelen İnternettir.

C) Bir Amerikan araştırma merkezinin araştırması, yerel ve ulusal televizyonun, en çok tercih edilen üçüncü haber kaynağı olan İnternetin önünde olduğunu ispat etmiştir.

D) Bir Amerikan araştırma merkezince yapılan çalışma, Amerikan halkı arasında, İnternetin, yerel ve ulusal televizyondan sonra, üçüncü en yaygın haber kaynağı olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.

E) İnternetin en sık başvurulan üçüncü haber kaynağı olmasına rağmen, yerel ve ulusal televizyonu geçemediği, bir Amerikan araştırma merkezince kanıtlanmıştır.

8

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

39. The severity of a burn depends on the amount of tissue affected and the depth of the injury, which is described as first, second, or third degree.

A) Bir yanığın şiddeti, etkilenen doku miktarına ve hasarın birinci, ikinci veya üçüncü derece olarak tanımlanan derinliğine bağlıdır.

B) Etkilenen dokuların durumu ve oluşan hasarın derinliği, yanığın birinci, ikinci veya üçüncü derece olarak belirtilen şiddetini ortaya koyar.

C) Bir yanığın birinci, ikinci veya üçüncü derece olarak sınıflandırılan hasar derinliği ile zarar görmüş doku miktarına dayanılarak o yanığın şiddeti belirlenir.

D) Bir yanığın şiddetinin birinci, ikinci veya üçüncü derece olarak tanımlanması, zarar gören doku miktarıyla ve ortaya çıkan hasarın derinliğiyle ilişkilidir.

E) Birinci, ikinci veya üçüncü derece olarak adlandırılan hasar derinliği ve zarar gören dokuların çokluğu göz önüne alınarak bir yanığın şiddeti saptanabilir.

40. Bazı Batı Afrika ülkelerinde, hükümetlerin, kendi zengin maden kaynaklarını etkin bir şekilde yönetememeleri, onların dış yardıma bağlı kalmalarına neden olmuştur.

A) The governments in various West African countries are so inefficient in the management of their vast mineral resources that they have become solely dependent on foreign aid.

B) In some West African countries, the inability of the governments to manage their rich mineral resources efficiently has caused them to be dependent on foreign aid.

C) Due to their failure in exploiting their vast mineral resources, the governments in a number of West African countries have been dependent on foreign aid.

D) Since some governments in the West African countries have been unable to exploit their rich mineral resources adequately, they have become entirely dependent on foreign aid.

E) Because of their inefficiency in managing and exploiting the vast mineral resources of their countries, some West African governments have come to be dependent on foreign aid.

41. Yeni banknot ve madeni paralarımız yenilenen tasarımları, değişen boyutları ve gelişmiş güvenlik özellikleriyle, 1 Ocak 2009’dan beri kullanımdadır.

A) Our banknotes and coins are new because they have had unusual designs, different dimensions and improved security features since 1st January, 2009.

B) Since 1st January, 2009, we have used banknotes and coins that have been designed with new dimensions and security features.

C) Our new banknotes and coins, with their renewed designs, changed dimensions and improved security features, have been in use since 1st January, 2009.

D) With their new designs, different dimensions and perfect security features, new banknotes and coins have come into use after 1st January, 2009.

E) They renewed the designs, changed the dimensions and improved the security features of our banknotes and coins on 1st January 2009, so they are in use now.

42. İnsan vücudu, her biri, yaşamı sürdürmek için gerekli olan bir işlevi yerine getiren ayrı ayrı organ ve dokulardan oluşmuş son derece karmaşık bir sistemdir.

A) The human body is a highly complex system made up of separate organs and tissues, each performing a function essential to maintaining life.

B) Since the human body consists of many different organs and tissues, each of which has a function essential for the maintenance of life, it is to be compared to an extremely complex system.

C) The human body, which is an extremely complex system, is made up of innumerable organs and tissues which have separate functions essential for the maintenance of life.

D) The presence of many different organs and tissues, each of which performs a function necessary for maintaining life, makes the human body a very complicated system.

E) The human body is so complicated a system that each of the organs and tissues it consists of performs a function vital for maintaining life.

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

43. - 46. sorulan aşağıdaki parçaya g öre cevaplayınız.

The hygiene hypothesis was first described in 1989 by David P. Strachan, a British epidemiologist, who noticed that the more children in a family, the lower the rates of allergies and eczema. Children in large families tend to exchange colds and other infections more often than children with fewer siblings, and this increased exposure to pathogens perhaps protected these children from allergies. That same year, Erika von Mutius, an epidemiologist at Munich University, was looking into the effect of hygiene on asthma. Children from dirtier East Germany, she was shocked to find, had dramatically less asthma than their West German counterparts living in cleaner, more modern circumstances. The East German children had likely been exposed to many more viruses and bacteria. According to the hygiene hypothesis, exposure in early childhood to infectious agents programs the immune system to mount defences against disease-causing viruses, bacteria and parasites. Better sanitary conditions deprive the immune system of this training, so the body fights against harmless particles as if they were deadly threats. The resulting allergic reaction leads to the classic signs of asthma. However, although much data supports the hygiene hypothesis for allergies, the same cannot be said for asthma. Contrary to expectations, asthma rates have increased drastically in urban areas in the US that are not particularly clean.

43. It can be understood from the passage that

allergies ----.

A) are a recent health concern among children

B) often affect whole families and therefore may have a genetic component

C) are often the result of frequent infections

D) may be more common among children living in European countries

E) may occur less frequently in those who have had early exposure to viruses and bacteria

44. The surprising aspect of von Mutius’s study was that ----.

A) West German children were not as well-cared for as previously thought

B) East German children were living in such unsanitary conditions that they had more problems related to asthma

C) unsanitary conditions seemed to result in fewer respiratory problems

D) differences in the standard of living had no effect on the development of diseases

E) East German children had received better medical treatment for their respiratory problems than the West German children

45. Regarding the hygiene hypothesis, it can be inferred that ----.

A) the human immune system has evolved to become weaker and less effective at fighting illnesses

B) it is only applicable to the problem of asthma in children and has no bearing on health problems of adults

C) bacteria and viruses multiply more quickly in clean environments

D) more research is necessary to determine to what extent it explains the development of asthma

E) it is a useful model for describing the transmission of all illnesses

46. According to the passage, Strachan’s and von Mutius’s studies ----.

A) seemed to support the same hypothesis despite being conducted with quite different populations

B) are similar in that they both involve populations of children suffering from the same illness

C) were incomplete in their assessments as they both focused on children living in poor conditions

D) cannot be compared since they were carried out in different countries with different people

E) were both intended to disprove the hygiene hypothesis but ended up doing the opposite

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

47. – 50. sorulan aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

To some people, branding is about the art of lying successfully and creating value out of nothing. A good brand inspires trust, but the relationship between the brand and the reality of the product offered is frequently elastic. Branding is therefore an art and the people who do it best are in great demand. In many business segments entry is easy as barriers are low and there is scarcely any means of differentiating your product from that of the competitor. Branding is all there is left to make a difference. Mobile phone companies are a classic lease, in which one company can copy the competitor's contracts. Each company offers virtually the same handsets. Apart from network coverage, brand is everything. Another classic example is airlines. Anyone can charter the same Boeing 737and run an airline as long as it can secure slots. The difference is finally down to service and marketing.

47. The main point made in the passage is that----

A) mobile phone companies are more enterprising than others

B) charter airlines are not to be trusted

C) branding is often more important than the product itself

D) service and marketing are given far too much importance in business

E) businesses need not be honest about the quality of their products

48. It is pointed out in the passage that some people regard----.

A) mobile phone companies as possessing identical network coverage

B) charter airlines as failing miserably in the provision of services

C) branding as just another production expense

D) branding as an ingenious way of hiding the truth about a product

E) the relationship between the brand and the product as rigid

49. We understand from the passage that what counts most in business ----.

A) is very often the brand name, products generally being indistinguishable

B) is the spirit of the people responsible for marketing the brands

C) is a company's competitive spirit to outdo its rivals

D) is short-term profitability

E) is not customer-confidence but business expansion

50. It is emphasized in the passage that those involved in the successful design and promotion of brands ----.

A) frequently confine their activities to very few businesses

B) are not aware of the fact that they are misleading the public

C) usually undergo a long period of rigorous professional training

D) are very highly valued in the business world

E) are clearly indifferent to the requirements of service and marketing

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

51. – 54. sorulan aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

In an agreement made outside the courts in Basel, Switzerland, Nigerian state representatives, Swiss federal officers and executives from a dozen European banks have agreed on the return of around 1.1 billion Euros of the late dictator Sani Abacha's investments to Nigeria. The conclusion of what has been one of the world's largest investigations into money laundering comes as a huge relief to regulators and bankers in Switzerland, the UK, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg and Jersey, the destinations that provided safe havens for Abacha's stolen millions. In exposing just how easily Abacha was able to make deposits of tens or hundreds of millions of dollars in European banks that pride themselves on watchfulness and integrity, the Nigerian investigators highlighted major failings in both the legislative and executive competencies of the European banking community. Reform has already taken place. Undoubtedly more will follow, but the sorry tale of how Europe's banks aided the dictator's outrageous years of theft cannot be forgotten.

51. It is clear from the passage that the decision taken at Basle ----.

A) concerned the recovery, by Nigeria, of the huge amount of money appropriated by Abacha

B) involved a complete restructuring , of banking throughout Europe

C) was not welcomed by the Nigerians themselves

D) finally brought the practice of money-laundering to an end

E) sent shock waves through the banking community in Europe and caused the closedown of several banks

52. According to the passage, banks in Switzerland and Britain, among other countries, ----.

A) had clearly always been very strongly opposed to money-laundering

B) allowed Abacha to deposit extremely large amounts of money without, apparently, asking any questions

C) had invested widely in Abacha's Nigeria

D) were particularly, anxious to settle the Abacha case as quickly as possible

E) introduced a series of radical reforms all of a similar nature, at the request of their governments

53. We understand from the passage that the banks involved in the Abacha money scandal ----.

A) rejected offhand the demands of the Nigerian government

B) resisted the reforms the court suggested

C) did not take the matter at all seriously

D) will be remembered for illegal dealings for many years to come

E) were unwilling to change their banking practices

54. It is understood from the passage that the Abacha case ----.

A) has revealed several significant shortcomings in the European banking system

B) was first investigated and legally settled in Nigeria

C) has given rise to much friction among the European countries involved

D) was the most scandalous court-case, of the year in Basle

E) was opened at the suggestion of a dozen European banks

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Florida's more than 1,000 miles of coastline contain about 150 drawbridges, more than are found in any other state. As these bridges age and Florida grows and changes, many of them now have to be replaced. But replaced with what? Recently there have been very many controversies over drawbridges. One involved the Belleair Beach Causeway, which was built in 1950. When it approached the end of its 50-year lifespan, the choice for a replacement came down to three options: a drawbridge the same height as the existing span (21 feet above high tide) but wider, to accommodate modern traffic levels; a drawbridge with a height of 45 feet; and a fixed span 65 feet tall. Each choice had its advantages and disadvantages. The two drawbridges would have created the least disruption in nearby communities. Opening a drawbridge inconveniences motorists, however, and can cause a dangerous delay for ambulances or in other emergencies. A drawbridge also costs more to build and maintain. A high fixed span would be cheaper and eliminate the delays, but it would require extensive property acquisition to accommodate its approaches. It would also tower over the area and block the views of many residents, and some tall boats would be unable to fit underneath. However after much debate and many hearings, the country board settled on a high fixed span.

55. According to the passage, one disadvantage of ----.

A) drawbridges and fixed span bridges alike, is that their lifespans are short

B) a fixed high span bridge, is that it cannot be readily replaced by a drawbridge

C) a drawbridge is that traffic is frequently held up by it

D) all bridges is that they attract more traffic and so create more noise

E) bridges of all shapes and sizes, is that they are resented by local communities

56. We learn from the passage that, in the construction of a fixed high span bridge, ----.

A) the approaches to the bridge require a considerable amount of land

B) the height must be sufficient to enable all ships to pass under it

C) its appearance must receive a great deal of attention

D) every effort is taken to avoid spoiling the view of local residents

E) an increase in width presents few problems

57. It's clear from the passage that when a new bridge at Belleair Beach was under consideration ----.

A) the width of the bridge caused more controversy than its height

B) there was much discussion concerning the advantages and disadvantages of the options

C) financial matters were of first importance

D) people wanted the new bridge to have a longer lifespan than any earlier one

E) drawbridges were already beginning to lose their appeal

58. We learn from the passage that a bridge with a high fixed span ----.

A) was what local residents were asking for

B) takes longer to construct than a drawbridge

C) has high maintenance costs in comparison with a drawbridge

D) was the type finally chosen for Belleair Beach

E) gained approval for aesthetic reasons

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Science, ever since the time of the Arabs, has had two functions: to enable us to know things, and to enable us to do things. The Greeks, with the exception of Archimedes, were only interested in the first of these. They had much curiosity about the world, however, since civilized people lived comfortably on slave labour, they had no interest in the “application” of such knowledge to improve lives. The Arabs, on the other hand, wished to discover the philosopher’s stone, the elixir of life, and how to turn base metals into gold. In the pursuit of these things, they discovered many facts about chemistry, but they did not arrive at any valid and important general laws, and “application” remained elementary. However, in the late Middle Ages, two discoveries were made which had profound importance. These were gunpowder and the mariner’s compass. It is not known who made these discoveries – the only thing certain is that it was not Roger Bacon, who was an English philosopher of the time.

59. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.

A) the “applications” developed by the Greeks and Arabs helped establish today’s paradigms of knowledge

B) the Arabs’ research into chemistry included some unrealistic goals

C) the Arabians’ and Greeks’ contribution to science was almost equal to modern efforts

D) the Greeks’ involvement in science included finding the elixir of life and the philosopher’s stone

E) what the Arabs did in the name of science determined the parameters for the Greeks to follow

60. The reason why the Greeks were not concerned with the “application” of knowledge ----.

A) is that they preferred to use slave labour so that they did not have to face the hardships of life

B) can be explained by the fact that they were the first to attempt to understand the nature of the world

C) is that the notion of developing “applications” did not occur to them at all

D) is that the areas they studied did not yield any “applications”

E) lies in the fact that they had no interest in making any new discoveries

61. According to the passage, Archimedes ----.

A) was a follower of the scientific tradition developed by Arabs

B) is a rather insignificant figure in the world of Greeks

C) did as much as the rest of the Greek scientists to advance science

D) was not only interested in knowing things but also doing things

E) studied the world as he was curious as regards how it was formed

62. The discovery of gunpowder and the mariner’s compass in the Middle Ages ----.

A) was immediately put to use by the Greeks

B) was made by a group of scientists headed by Roger Bacon

C) shows that the Arabs were primitive in their knowledge of chemistry

D) was made possible by the joint scientific efforts of the Arabs and Greeks

E) had a great influence on people’s lives

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

63. -67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.

63 . Jack: - Good morning, Dick. I see you are reading an

article. What is it about? A serious topic?

Dick: - Yes, in my opinion, very serious, indeed. It is

about “globalization” but does not offer a full discussion.

Jack: - ----

Dick: - So you see, it is a very broad and also

complicated subject. No simple and easy answers to your questions.

A) Doesn’t globalization generally mean that information, ideas, goods, and people move rapidly and easily across national boundaries?

B) Globalization has radically altered the distribution of industry and patterns of trade around the world, hasn’t it?

C) Don’t you think globalization is the process of creating political, social, economic, and cultural networks that span the world?

D) Globalization? What, precisely, does the term mean? What causes or drives globalization, and what are its effects?

E) Isn’t it fair to say that, through globalization, the world’s local, national, and regional economies have become far more connected and interdependent?

64. Liz: - As far as I am concerned, today a serious

demographic crisis confronts some countries in the West.

Jane: - What kind of “demographic crisis” are you

talking about? You mean a high rate of population growth?

Liz: - ----

Jane: - I see what you mean. A serious issue, indeed.

A) Most social welfare systems in the West have been very efficient and contributed greatly to the rise of a healthy population.

B) Unlike most other European countries, the United States and also Britain have kept stable populations or seen mild population growth mostly due to immigration.

C) On the contrary. Over the decades, countries such as Italy, Germany, France, Belgium and Holland have faced sharp declines in the birth rate, leading to population decline.

D) In fact, the availability of reliable birth control methods and also the introduction of new incentives for family planning have slowed down the rapid rise of population in the developed countries.

E) The economic prosperity of the West has enabled nations to introduce better and more comprehensive health-care policies.

.

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

65. Tom: - I am doing research on the French

impressionists for a paper that I will present at a conference in Paris.

Ron: - I know very little about them.

Tom: - ----

Ron: - I see. Actually, I have always admired their

paintings.

A) Because most art galleries rejected their work, they organized their own independent exhibitions.

B) For instance, Cézanne rejected traditional perspective and put emphasis on the subjective arrangement of colour and form.

C) In my opinion, like most artistic movements, modernism defined itself in opposition to a set of earlier principles.

D) As an artist, Gauguin was very much influenced by the symbolist movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

E) Well, they were a group of young artists such as Cézanne, Monet, Renoir and others who came to prominence in the 1870s.

66. Paul: - Galileo’s pioneering work in astronomy

brought him into conflict with the Church.

Bill: - Why do you call his work “pioneering”?

Paul: - ----

Bill: - Surely, a set of new ideas. Moreover, we

mustn’t forget that he was a great mathematician, too.

A) He was convinced that Aristotle’s explanation of the structure of the universe was inadequate and had to be abandoned.

B) In the first place, the Church believed that his work challenged its authority, and he was therefore put on trial.

C) Actually, one of his life’s great scientific passions was the problem of motion, particularly the motion of objects on a moving earth.

D) Well, for the first time, he offered evidence that the earth moved, discovered Jupiter’s moons, and formed some idea of the enormous distances between the stars.

E) At his trial, he argued that, if the Church refused to recognize the “new science” and its explanation of the natural world, the authority of the Church would suffer.

67. Andrew: - Do you happen to know anything about the

Nye Committee?

Colin: - Yes, it was appointed in 1934 to investigate

the munitions industry following allegations that armament firms were working against the cause of peace.

Andrew: - ----.

Colin: - The allegations were found to be true, and

therefore, the industry was nationalized.

A) What were the results of their investigations?

B) What a world we live in!

C) How is it you know all this?

D) I wonder just how much money these people make out of armaments.

E) How long did these investigations take them?

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

68. - 71. soruIarda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın olan cümleyi bulunuz.

68. In extremely cold regions, many animals hibernate, that is, they sleep through the winter, because in this way they can survive.

A) Many animals sleep through the winter, that is, they hibernate, in really cold parts of the world, as this makes it possible for them to survive.

B) Hibernation, or the practice of sleeping right through the winter, is a survival technique favoured by many animals in very cold regions.

C) Many of the animals that hibernate, that is, sleep through the long, cold winters, do so from choice, not necessity.

D) When the winters are particularly cold, many animals choose to hibernate, that is, sleep through the long dark days and increase their chances of survival.

E) In order to survive in the coldest parts of the world, many animals are forced to hibernate, or sleep through at least a part of the winter.

69. When UNICEF was established in 1946, its main aim was to provide help for the many children in need as a result of World War II.

A) When it was founded in 1946, UNICEF took a number of steps to improve the conditions of children that survived World War II.

B) In 1946, soon after the end of World War II, UNICEF was set up to assist children throughout the world.

C) Because so many children had suffered during World War II, UNICEF was set up in 1946 to give them a better education.

D) In 1946 UNICEF was set up primarily because, as a result of World War II, large numbers of children were in need of help.

E) Following World War II, UNICEF was set up in 1946 and has since made great efforts to help children in the world.

70. The view of the city from the top floor of the hotel is absolutely wonderful, especially at night when all the lights are on.

A) The view of the city, especially at night when it’s all lit up, is well worth a visit to the top floor of the hotel.

B) You must go up to the top floor of the hotel, preferably at night, for a magnificent view of the city and its lights.

C) From the top floor of the hotel you get a truly splendid view of the city, particularly at night when it’s all lit up.

D) Be sure to go to the top floor of the hotel to get a magnificent view of the city and its lights.

E) After dark when the lights have come on, you get an unforgettable view of the city from the top floor of the hotel.

71. Even if one forgets about the dangers involved, coal-mining cannot be a very attractive way of earning a living.

A) It’s the risks that are involved that really make coal-mining such an unattractive form of employment.

B) Working in a coal mine must be rather an unpleasant form of employment even when one ignores the risks.

C) Work in a coal mine may still be unpleasant but there are no more risks than in other forms of employment.

D) Work in a coal mine is not the only form of employment that has unpleasant aspects and even risks.

E) It’s hard to imagine anyone enjoying working for a living in a coal mine even if it is perfectly safe.

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

72. -75. soruIarda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.

72. The turn of the twentieth century brought a series of crises to the Western empires. Those crises did not end European imperial rule in the colonies. ---- The crises also drove these nations to expand their economic and military commitments in what they called their territories overseas. However, because of these crises, the colonial confidence of these nations was much shaken.

A) In recent years historians have become increasingly interested in colonial cultures and the results of the imperial encounter across the world.

B) Writers such as Joseph Conrad believed that imperialism signalled deeply rooted prejudices in European culture.

C) They did, however, create sharp tensions between Western imperial nations which had already got into fierce rivalry for territorial gains.

D) As a result of colonialism, European and indigenous institutions and cultures were transformed by their contact with each other.

E) Especially in China and India, there were fierce debates about whether education should be “westernized” or continue on traditional lines.

73. 1968 was an extraordinary year, quite similar to 1848, with its wave of revolution. ---- Indeed, international youth culture fostered a sense of collective identity. The new media relayed images of civil rights protest in the United States to Europe and broadcast news and pictures about the Vietnam War. The wave of unrest shook the West. Moreover, traditional political parties had little idea what to make of these new movements and those who participated in them.

A) The Iron Curtain had established one of the most rigid borders in European history.

B) The civil rights movement had enormous significance for the twentieth century.

C) On the other hand, legal changes would not have occurred without the women’s movements in the West.

D) The revolutionary spirit at the time was intensely international.

E) The conservative traditions of the West made intellectual reform difficult in the post-war period.

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

74. William Shakespeare, the greatest of Renaissance English dramatists, was born into the family of a tradesman in the provincial town of Stratford-upon-Avon. Little is known about his early life. He left his native town, having gained a modest education, when he was about twenty, and went to London, where he found employment in the theatre. ---- Yet by the age of twenty-eight he had definitely acquired a reputation as an author sufficient to excite the jealousy of his rivals.

A) How he eventually became an actor and still later a writer of plays is uncertain.

B) His final play, The Tempest, represents his reflections on human nature and the power of art.

C) The plays written during the early years of his career are characterized by a sense of confidence.

D) His Hamlet, which is his greatest play, is the tragedy of indecisive idealism and passion for the truth.

E) Throughout his tragedies one senses his profound analysis of human character seized by passion.

75. Opera was a seventeenth-century creation, developed most significantly by the Italian Baroque composer Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643). He combined music with theatre for greater dramatic intensity. Monteverdi’s new form of opera appealed immediately. ---- Staged within magnificent settings and calling on the talents of singers, musicians, dramatists, and stage designers, opera expressed as clearly as any art form Baroque artists’ dedication to grandeur, drama, and display.

A) During the Enlightenment, intellectual changes went hand in hand with social and cultural ones, and human equality and freedom were regarded as natural.

B) Eighteenth-century musicians, like eighteenth century writers, found their careers and art shaped by changing structures of culture.

C) In the Age of the Enlightenment, aristocratic and court patronage remained the pillars of support for musicians.

D) Mozart’s opera The Marriage of Figaro, which was based on a French play, depicts relations between masters and their servants and satirizes the abuses of privilege.

E) Within one generation operas were performed in all the leading cities of Italy, and by the eighteenth century they had captured attention across Europe.

77. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.

76. (I) In the early 1930s, the Nazis came to power in Germany. (II) In August 1939, Einstein wrote President Roosevelt a letter which he knew could affect the war and the future of humanity. (III) The subject was the possibility of Germany’s development of nuclear weapons. (IV) In the letter he wrote: “This situation calls for watchfulness and quick action on the part of the Administration.” (V) Upon Einstein’s letter, Roosevelt called for a meeting of his military advisers.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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MAMGER DİL YDS DERLEME 1

77. (I) A large body of water can store a huge amount of heat from the sun during warm periods. (II) Evaporation from a plant’s leaves keeps them from becoming too warm in the sun. (III) At cooler times, heat given off from the gradually cooling water can warm the air. (IV) That is why coastal areas generally have milder climates than inland regions. (V) Moreover, water’s resistance to temperature change also stabilizes ocean temperatures, creating a favourable environment for marine life.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

78. (I) The most commonly used illegal drug in the US is marijuana. (II) Its potential for serious health consequences is still debated, but few authorities regard it as a major health risk. (III) In fact, a recent study found no increased death rates for marijuana users, except for men who died of AIDS. (IV) Moreover, marijuana has been used medically to treat glaucoma and to prevent the vomiting and nausea associated with chemotherapy. (V) Although this study does not determine cause and effect, it seems safe to assume that marijuana did not cause death from AIDS, but rather that men receiving a diagnosis of AIDS may have subsequently increased their use of marijuana.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) The tenth century in Europe witnessed a remarkable growth of towns and cities. (II) For instance, in England, by the middle of the eleventh century, 10 per cent of the population lived in towns, making it the most highly urbanized country in Europe. (III) Therefore, the prosperity of the medieval Italian cities rested mainly on their trade with the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim world. (IV) Cities also grew rapidly in France and Germany. (V) In Spain, especially the growth of Barcelona was beginning to transform the political and social life of the country.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

80. (I) Far from being a sinister pest, bats are actually a good friend to humankind. (II) For a start, they eat huge quantities of insects. (III) They are sometimes described “mice with wings,” but this is totally untrue. (IV) The little brown bat, for instance, is capable of catching and eating 1200 small insects in an hour. (V) They also play an important role in pollinating flowers.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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