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folding-f performance

ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

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Page 1: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

folding-f

performance

Page 2: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

NOTS TchnkaI Publication 2244rr Revron

PIIi.ht:d by lˆ1IIic:uI tnfr iicilicjiCoIcitioi Cover, Ht Iivcfi printing 500 op("Sc'tLuIy UNCLASSIEIED

Page 3: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

U N C L A $ 5 U F U E D

U. S. NAVAL ORDNANCE TEST STATIONW. W. HOLLISTER, CAPT., USN WM. B. MCLEAN, PH.D.

Commander Technical Director

5.0-INCH HIGH-PERFORMANCE

FOLDING-FIN AIRCRAFT ROCKET

FIRST REVISION

A Handbook for the Ordnanceman

MOTS TP 224.4First Revision

China Lake, California29 September 1959

U N C L A 5 $ I F I E D

Page 4: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

ZUNI

NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1)

CONTENTS

Foreword iiiIntroduction ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------1

Major Components of the ZUNI Weapon System ------------------------------------------- I£0-Inch Rocket Motor Mk 16 Mod I--- - - - - - ------------------------------- - - 3Heads------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -----------------------4Fines -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6LAU-10/A Launcher ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7Frangible Fairings ------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------------7

Ignition Principles --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8

Description and Operation of Launcher --------------------------------------------------------9Preparing Aircraft for Launcher Installation ------------------------------------------13Checking Bomb Rack ------------------------------ -------------------------------------------- ------14Preparing Launcher for Bomb-Rack Attachment--------------------------------------14Attaching Launcher to the Bomb Rack ------------------------------------------------------16Attaching Heads, Fuzes, and Fairings------------------------------------------------------17Arming Check ---------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- --------------19Removing Launcher From Aircraft -------------------------------------------------------------- 19Loading Racket Motor Into Launcher------------------------------------------------------2 0Unloading Rocket Motor From Launcher --------------------------------------------------2 2

Maintenance and Storage ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ------23Motor ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------23Reads ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------2 5Fuzes------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -----------------------2 6LAU-10/A Launcher------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------26Frangible Fairings ------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ----------27Maintenance Test of Launcher ------------------------------------------------------------------ 27Detent Re-Cocking Procedure ------------------------------------------------------------------- 29

Safety Precautions ------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- -------------30General Safety Precautions --------------------------------------------------------------------- -30Launcher Loading and Unloading Precautions -----------------------------------------31Special Safety Precautions far Mk 26 Mad 0 Head (Illuminating) 32

'p

Page 5: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1) ZUNI

FOREWORD

As the 5.0-inch folding-fin aircraft rocket (ZUNI) isbeing readied for the fleet, a matter-of-fact guideis needed for the men who will prepare the systemfor use, who will teach and supervise the handling ofthe weapon, and who will maintain the system infleet readiness.This publication, NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1), supersedesNOTS TP 2244, dated 26 May 1959, and is issuedin this form for distribution to activities having immediate need for the information it contains. Usersshould remember that components and proceduresdescribed in this revised publication are subject tofurther changes. A Confidential Bureau of OrdnancePamphlet on ZUNI will be issued in the near future.

K. H. BOOTYHead, Engineering Department

Released underthe authority of;

WM. B. MCLEANTechnical Director

(U

Page 6: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

ZUNI N01S [P 2244 (Rev. 1)

iv

Page 7: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1 } ZUNI

INTRODUCTION

The ZUNI weapon system, which consists of supersonic unguided 5.0-inch rockets in four-roundpackage launchers, is designed for use on letfighter aircraft and replaces the old work horse, Vthe 5.0-inch HVAR.The ZUNI rocket is designed for both air-toground and air-to-air attack. A reliable highperformance motor with an internal-burning ftsolid-propellant groin gives ZUNI high velocity ftand short time to target. Blast-operated radiallyfolding fins stabilize the rocket's flight for minimum dispersion. An array of interchangeablewarheads provides effectiveness in a wide varietyof tactical situations. An inert-loaded head isalso available for practice exercises. Matchingthe versatility in payload, the ZUNI fuzing givesan option of proximity, contact, or time-delaydetonation.The ZUNI was developed for the Bureau of Ordnance at the U. S. Naval Ordnance Test Station,China Lake, California.

MAJOR COMPONENTSOF THEZUNI WEAPON SYSTEM

The ZUNI rocket (Figure 1) is launched from theLAU-10/A launcher. The launcher is a reusablepackage unit for shipping (without heads), stow-

Page 8: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

ZUNI NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1)

ing, and firing four 5.0-inch ZUNI rockets (Figure 2). When theLAIJ-10/A is used as a launcher, frangible foirings are secured overthe ends of the launcher. These fairings ore mode of a materialthat shatters readily from rocket impact and rocket blast withoutdamage to the aircraft Six frangible fairings in their containerare shown in Figure 3. Launcher tools for assembly of the ZUNIweapon are attached to the pallet load at the Naval AmmunitionDepot.The major components of the ZUNI weapon system are as follows;

5.0-Inch Racket Motor Mk 16 Mod 15,0-Inch Rocket Head Mk 32 Mad 0 (ATAP)5.0-Inch Rocket Head Mk 24 Mad 0 (GP)5.0-Inch Racket Head Mk 26 Mad 0 (Illuminating)Fine Mk 188 Mad 0 (PD)Fuze M 414 (Proximity)Fuze Mk 191 Mod 0 (SD)LAU-1 0/A LauncherFrangible Fairings

FIG. 2. LAU.1O/A Launcher Used as Shipping Container.

112 -6;

"-

2

Page 9: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

NOTS TI' 2244 (Rev. 11 ZUNI

5.0-inch rocket motor

mk 16 mod 1

The motors are shipped completely assembled in the LAU-1U/Arocket launcher or in individual shipping containers. A threadprotector is screwed into the head end of the motor when it isshipped individually. This thread protector should not be removeduntil lust before the rocket head is attached. The contact band atthe forward end of the motor is covered by a shielding band thatmust be left in place until lust before the contact band on the motorenters the launcher during loading. The shielding band seats in themotor-detent groove and covers the ignition contact bond, therebyshorting out the ignition circuit and providing protection againstradio-frequency energy.

) ))//) ) J .2)

FIG. 3. ErnçjbJc FuirJngs in Ccntainor.

Nozzle AssemblyThe nozzle assembly consists of a steel nozzle, four aluminum-alloyfins, and steel fin-locking pawls. The fins ore uniformly taperedin thickness from the pivot to the tip and are folded within thediameter of the round. They open to flight position after emergingfrom the launcher.GrainThe ZUNI has on internal-burning, double-base, solid-propellantgroin.

3

Page 10: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

ZUNI NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1

Ballistic RodA ballistic rod installed through the center of the star-shaped grainperforation in the forward section smoothes the burning, preventsflameout, and suppresses flash.

IgniterThe igniter, located at the head end of the motor, is charged withFFFG black powder and coated magnesium powder. Two Mk 1squibs connected in parallel initiate the igniter.

heads

5.0-Inch Rocket Head Mk 32 Mod 0 (ATAP)The Mk 32 Mod 0 rocket head, antitank, antipersonnel (ATAP)is shown in Figure 4. Used in ZUNI, this head with a pointdetonating (PD) fuze (Mk 188 Mod 01 effects shaped-charge action.Thus, it is highly effective against heavy targets such as tanks orbunkers. The Mk 32 head has a cavity liner to prevent exposingthe explosive when fuzes are changed. For fragmentation actionagainst aircraft or personnel, a proximity fuze CM 414) may beattached to the head.5.0-Inch Rocket Head Mk 24 Mod 0 (GP)The Mk 24 general-purpose (GP) head is shown in Figure 5.< Thishead may be fuzed for contact, proximity, or delayed detonation.The Mk 191 Mod 0 (BD) fuze is permanently assembled in thebase of the Mk 24 Head. When used with a steel nose plug, theMk 24 is a delayed-action warhead. The steel nose plug enablesit to penetrate heavy targets, such as concrete bunkers and ships,and to detonate inside the target. The M 414 proximity fuze orthe Mk 188 point-detonating fuze also may be used in this headwith effectiveness. (See WARNING an page 32.)A metal fuze-cavity liner is used at the nose end. It is screwed andcemented into the head so that it is permanently in place. Thisliner prevents exposure at the high explosive when a nose fuze isbeing attached or detached.

4

Page 11: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

NOTS 1? 2244 (Rev. 1) ZUNI

5.0-Inch Rocket Head Mk 26 Mod 0 (Illuminating)The Mk 26 Mod 0 head (Figure 6) contains a fuze, flare candle,main suspension parachute and its pilot chute, a delay-actionmechanism, and a drag parachute. This head enables a pilot toilluminate his target and destroy it with an explosive-loaded ZUNIrocket in a single pass, thus preserving an element of surprise.

s----" flI

9M47 INCHESFIG. 4. 5.0-Inch Rocket Head Mk 32 Mod 0 (AT AF) . ..............

17.850 INCHESFIG. 5. 5.0-Inch Rocket Heod MR 24 Mod 0

-- ---- 253 INCHESFIG. 6. 5.0-Inch Rocket Head Mk 26 Mod 0 (IlIuninctrriq).

5

Page 12: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

ZUNI NOTS IF 2244 (Rev. 1)

fuzes

Three fuzes are available for use with ZUNI. A fine may beselected for point detonating (PD), base detonating (BD), or proximity detonating.Pure Mk 188 Mod 0 (PD)The Mk 188 Mod 0 (PD) fuze (Figure 7) may be attached to thenose of the 5.0-Inch Rocket Heads Mk 32 Mod 0 and Mk 24 Mod 0.If a rocket is accidentally fired on a carrier, the fuze will not armwithin the length of the carrier; therefore, a ZUNI with this fuze iscarrier-safe.Pure M 414 (Proximity)The M 414 fuze (Figure 8) may be used in the 5.0-Inch Racket HeadsMk 32 Mod 0, Mk 24 Mod 0, and Mk 41 Mod 0. This fuze willdetonate the warhead in air-to-air application upon proximity approach to target aircraft. In air-to-ground application the warheadis detonated above ordinary terrain at appropriate approach angles,thus achieving maximum effectiveness.When the rocket is fired as one of a salvo, the fuze will not functionan another rocket in flight. This fuze is also carrier-safe.

Fuze Mk 191 Mod 0 (113113)The Mk 191 Mod 0 base-detonating fuze (Figure 9) is an electromechanical, acceleration-arming, impact fuze installed in the base

t3/4C9

F

\4- b.a5

N B.

N9\

6

Page 13: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1)

ZUNI

of the 5.0-Inch Rocket Head Mk 24 Mod 0 at the time the head isloaded with high explosive and requires no attention by fleet personnel. It, too, is carrier-safe.

lau-10/a launcher

The LAU-10/A launcher is a dual-purpose unit for shipping therocket motors and for launching the ZUNI rackets. When attachedto the aircraft ready for flight, it weighs approximately 105 poundsempty and 533 pounds loaded, ready to fire four ZUNI rockets.

FIG. 10. Launcher Completely Assembled With Fairings in Place.-

1U -,AWE'

';C (

t j I --r -

frangible fairingsThe frangible foirings are mode of treated paper and will shatterreadily from rocket impact or rocket blast. The fairing has a metalbond at the base equipped with lugs and a leaf-spring for attachingit to the launcher center section. The lugs engage grooves in thecenter-section retainer rings and, as the fairing is rotated clockwise, the spring clip drops into position to lock the fairing securelyin place. The fairing fits flush with the outside surface of the centersection of the launcher to form on aerodynamically smooth joint.The launcher with completely assembled rockets and frangible fairings in place is shown mounted on the aircraft in Figure 10.

7

Page 14: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

ZUNI NOTS IF 2244 (Rev. 1}

IGNITIGN PRINCIPLES

When the switch in the aircraft firing circuit is closed, the electricalcurrent passes from the aircraft firing circuitry through the firingcontact, the intervalometer in the launcher, the contact band at theforward end of the motor, and from there through the lead wireto the squib in the igniter. The electrical current then passes backvia the squib ground wire to the igniter and rocket body (whichis grounded through the launcher detent to the launcher body andsuspension lugs) and back to the airframe ground. The firingcircuit diagram is shown in Figure 11.

A minimum firing current per round of 1.5 amperes for 10 milliseconds is required; the recommended firing current per round is3.0 amperes. If the current drops below 1.5 amperes, increases inthe delay of ignition may be expected. The loaded igniter has aresistance of 0.5 to 1.5 ohms.Current entering the squib heats the bridge wire, setting off thesquib primer mixture that, in turn, ignites the igniter charge. Pressurewithin the igniter unseats a blowout plug, permitting the burningcharge to ignite the propellant grain. The whale process of ignitionrequires about 0.05 second. Pressure of the hot propellant gasesfrom the burning grain bursts the nozzle seal and provides thethrust to propel the rocket.

AIRCRAFT ....LAN- ID/A LAUNCHER DDERVALOMET ER

J~EV DC

MOTOR CON ACT- - RANDLAUNCHER AND BOMB RACK

iLROIJ.OS

()

AmiCAALE ER

FIG. 11. Firing Circuit Diagram.8

Page 15: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1) ZUNI

CENTER SECTION1jSHOCK PANS,

\

FIG. 12. LAU-1O/ALouncherShowing Main Parts.END L

COVER-; I

IA7_

LOCKING RING

DESCRIPTION AND

OPERATION OF LAUNCHERWhen used as a shipping package, the LAU-10/A launcher (Figure12) consists of the launcher center section (with four 5.0-inch ZUNIrocket motors), the shock pans, end covers, and lack rings.In shipping configuration, the launcher is 98 inches long, has a16- by 16.5-inch cross section, and weighs 140 pounds empty and380 pounds when loaded with motors only. A second package,the fairing container (Figure 3), has six streamlined frangiblefairings, enough to equip three launchers. A third package contains the detent-lift tool (Figure 13) and the ignition post (Figure14). This equipment (one set for each launcher) is attached tothe pallet load (in a separate container) at the Naval AmmunitionDepot.

FIG. 13. Detent-Lift Tool.

Lr

FIG. 14. Ignition Post.

9

Page 16: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

ZUNI NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1

The IAU-10/A launcher is a white-painted container with multiplesuspension lugs (Figure 15) compatible with most Navy and AirForce tandem-suspension 14- and 30-inch bomb racks, and theBritish single-suspension bomb racks.

Operating principles used in the LAIJ-10/A launcher have beenproved in other armament. The rockets may be single- or ripplefired. The firing pulse is distributed to the individual rockets by anintervalometer that is mounted in the launcher's forward retainerring. The ignited rockets override the sear detent latches and arereleased. The frangible foirings shatter readily upon rocket impactor rocket blast.

wva~ "WA::

T

.00ovor

TSoo

FIG. 15. Section of Launcher Showing Suspension Lugs.

10

Page 17: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1) ZUNI

ElectricalElectrical power for the rocket ignition system is supplied to thelauncher by the 28-volt-DC armament circuit of the aircraft. Electrical connection between the aircraft and the launcher is madethrough either of two parallel five-pin receptacles located in thevicinity of the lugs in the center section of the launcher (Figure 12).As a safety requirement, each receptacle is fitted with a shortingdevice (Figure 16) that shorts the aircraft armament circuit, preventing inadvertent operation of the intervalometer. Pins A and Bof the receptacles are positive connections to the aircraft. Pin Eis the negative connection and is grounded to the launcher-hangerbeam that, in turn, is grounded to the aircraft through the suspension lugs. (Refer to Figure 11 for a schematic of the firing circuit.)A selector switch is located in the after retainer ring of the launcherfor preflight selection of either ripple or single firing of the rackets

FIG. 16. Shorting Device.

11

Page 18: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

ZUNI NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1

through the intervalometer (Figure 17). The intervalometer, located in the center-section forward retainer ring, is so designedthat when single-fire is employed, the intervalometer fires onerocket on each ignition pulse from the aircraft. When ripple-fireis employed, the intervolometer converts the ignition pulse into aripple pulse and fires all rockets at approximately 100-millisecondintervals. It is necessary to keep the firing circuit energized continuously for 0.5 second to ensure a complete fire-out on ripplefiring. When the intervalometer has made a complete four-roundfiring cycle, it automatically homes on the original starting point(ZERO) and will not recycle without first de-energizing the circuit,then re-energizing it. The intervalometer contacts are so arrangedthat when the intervalometer is at rest or stopped, the rocket squibleads are shorted.

- ---*--- n -DC CL C 'C -

I

/ III-'

FORWARD VIEW/

I\

/2CC/i//C

AFTER VIEW lye

//

FIG 17. Forward and After View of the Launcher.12

Page 19: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1) ZUNI

In addition to the selector switch located in the after retainer ringof the launcher, some aircraft have a selector switch in the cockpit.In aircraft so equipped, the pilot has an in-flight option of eitherripple or single firing, provided the selector switch in the launcheris in the RIPPLE-OPTIONAL position before takeoff. In aircraftequipped with the selector switch, there are two positive leads tothe electrical receptacles of the launcher, one to Pin A and theother to Pin 8. In aircraft not so equipped, the method of firingis restricted to the preflight setting of the launcher-selector switch.In this case, there is only one positive lead, which is connected toPin A.Electrical connection to the racket motor is completed through acontact past mounted an a bracket attached to the detent subassembly and then to a contact band on the racket motor. Thecontact post and band farm the positive connection, and the negative connection is through the rocket-motor tube and detent.

Center Section

The launcher center section contains the four launcher tubes (eachequipped with a sear detent latch), the electrical ignition system,using a selector switch and an intervalameter, and the suspensionlugs.

preparing aircraftfor launcher installation

Testing Aircraft Armament Circuit1 - Proceed in accordance with current instructions to check firingcircuit far voltage.2. Increase engine speed until cockpit voltmeter indicates full system voltage-28 volts.3. Connect an ammeter 10 to 10-ampere range) directly to theHYAR wing electrical receptacle.

NOTE: The greatest single cause of firing failure is the lackof electrical continuity between the aircraft and the racket.

13

Page 20: ZUNI 5.0 FFAR handbook

ZUNI NOTS TP 2244 (Rev. 1)

4. Energize the station where the ammeter is connected and notethe reading. The ammeter should register a minimum of 3.0 amperes. A pulse less than 3.0 amperes may not fire all four rackets.

5. Place armament switches in OFF position.

checking bomb rack

The LAU.10/A launcher shall not be suspended from abomb rack that does not have separate ignition andjettisoning circuits.

1. Prepare the rack on the aircraft for accepting the suspensionlugs in accordance with instructions contained in the aircraft operating instructions.2. For racks without a striker arm, remove the ignition cablefrom the rack and connect it to the nearest receptacle on thelauncher. For Aero 20A racks and all other heavy-duty bombrocks, disconnect the receptacle inside the access panel beforeattaching the cable to the launcher.

preparing launcher for

bomb-rack attachment

1. When an Aero JSB combination rack or any other rack witha forward rocket-firing position is used, remove the shorting devicefrom the forward receptacle. Save this shorting device for reinstallation when the launcher is taken from the aircraft.

14