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,
,
50 ROBOTSto Draw and Pai nt
,
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50 ROBOTSto Draw and Paint
t:5 -
Joints and Movement 30
36
34
32
28
Miiitary Attachments
Embeilishments
Bits and Widgets
At tachments and
NUTS&BOLTS
INTRODUCTION 6
Inspiration 8
Drawing and Research 10
Working Traditionally 12
Working Digitally 14
Artistic Rendering 16
Rendering Materia/s 18
The Whole Pracess 22
Deveioplng Your Ideas 26
art di rector: Moiro Clinch
publ isher: Poul Corsloke
Conc~. designe<! ond produce<! by
QuorIO Publishing pie, The 0kI Br...-y
6 BIuodelI seeet. london N7 9BH
50 ROBOTS TO DRAW ANO PAI NT
Copyright @ 2oo6QUARTO PUBlISHINGPLC
9876543 21
QUAR.FRO
Iext copyrigh t () 2006 Quorlo Publishmg pk
Imoges copyright @ 2006 Quorto Publishing pk , un less c therwise sto ted
(see poge 128 )
Oesign ond layout copyr ight @ 2006 Quorto Publishing pie
ISBN 981·245-)46·6
Monufoctured by u ooerscr Grophics PTE u c. Singapore
PTinled by Stor Standard IndustrieS PTE l td, Singopore
Firn published 2006 by Quorto Publishing pie
AlI rights reserved. No port of this publication moy be reproduced. stored
in o rel rieval system or I ronsmitted in ony form or by ony mec ns.
etectronlc or mecbcorcct, photocopying. recording. or otherwise. w it hou t
th e permission of the copyright holder.
Published jn 2006 by:
Page One Publishing P nve te Limite<:!
20 Kaki Bukit V iew. Kaki Bukit Te<hpork 11, Singopot'e 41 S9S6
Te!: (6S) 6742-2088. reoc(6S) 6744·2088
Drstnbu ted by:
Page One Publlshing Privote Limited
20 Kaki Bukit View. Kaki Bukit Techpork 11. Singopore 4159 56
Tel: (6S) 674 2-2088. Ñu : (6S) 6744·2088
A QUARTO BOOK
proj ect edítcrs: Trisha Telep, Lindsoy Koubi
ort ed it or ond design: Cloire Von Rhyn
ccpy editor: Chris Middleton
ossistClnt ort dtrectce: Penny Cobb
picture researche r: Claudio reteproofreader: Ovistine VoU9hon
indelt er: Pomelo Ell is
ROBOT FOUNDRY 38 Medved Production Type 62 Martia!Quefler 100
Basic robots ~o TA5-21 Needle 6~ Encyclical PUfger 102
Emule ~2 M24 Hausen 66 Orbital Delegate 10~
Adiuvo ~3 Organie General-Use So/dier 68 BountyHunter 5HK300 106
Mankeybat ~~ Hephaestus' Anvif 70 Samurai Guard 108
PAH558 ~5 MKI: Maln Battle Walker 72 Assistant robots 110
Prototype Haver Robot ~6 Subhunter 7~ Ad/uvo Mark IV 112
Fattybot ~7 Elektrogrod 76 Karakuri 11~
Manta ~8 Urban robots 78 The Golem 116
Mifitary lncursion Robot ~9 Nanobot 80 Witch Puppet 118
Predator 50 Poaory-tme Worker 82 Gentleman Gardener 120
Wheel-E 51 Indutex Urban-Renewal Bot 8~ Oomestic Angel 122
Greenbat 52 519 5yr/nge 5a/nt 86 Marine Explorer Robot 12~
Setuine! 53 Grunter 88
Dod/ 5~ Nakatom/ C1erk 90 Index 126
Brainbot 55 OffWorld Trader 92 Credits 128
Military robots 56 Law & arder robots 9~
Brass uon 58 5teel Lotus Tank Caimer 96
Panzerfluch Ausf G 60 The Exterminator 98
NTRODUCTION
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In 1921 Karel Capek wrote the play RU.R m which he took
the Czech word 'robota', meanmg 'enslaved labour', and adapted
it , creatmg the term 'robot' We live m a time m Wh1Ch robots
are becommg pervastve, and yet the robot is still prrmer-ilv
regarded as existinq m th e domain of scrence nction Robots
are unique in this respeet, straddling the realms of fantasy
and reality. Although they exist m our world, the word 'robot'
tends to immedtatelv conjure up unoresstons of tuturistíc
technology or tantastical alchermcal acmevernents
This book is an expansive reference for both beginner
and expenencec arnsts interested in creatmg their- own
robot art. To start, the book details robot-art bastes,
glVmg you a tarmnentv with general techmques and
approaches that can be readily applied to most types of art.
Many of the robots have been created byartists
other than me, with th eir' own opimons and methods
Some of these ar-ns .s work trad1 tlOnally,
others dig1tally, and some, as 1 do, use
a combmation of the two While the
term s and tools may d1ffer, the ar-tistic
erívice 1S applicebte to any robot
artwork Oon't be afraid to sirr.plv
copy what you find here
Ench robot ls brcken downtnto primitive shcpes. soyou con eosuy see thebcslc construct lon andrecrecte lt yourself,
Step-by-step descriptionof the draw ing andpainting process.
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... Nuts & BoltsThrs secnon cxoroms coosuucnonand how to ccnceptuonze andtender ceoetc robot ports,
Jt offersan overvtew of elementsyou mcy wlsh to developspecmccny for your own robots.ond u cnsccsses everything fromjoint ero nmb construcnon toprops ond tocts.
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........ The Robot FoundryThe eore of the bcok. thrs port describes ond demonstrates
how to drow ond point SO robots. Thc text ond vsuols guideyou through the robots ca trsuc constructlon, explolningdifferent pointsolong the woy. vou'll be told whot tbe robot ts.where ond when it exists. ene whot It does.
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Sketcnpods~Sketcbpcd poges introducesubsecnons in the 'Robotsoundry' tsee below). See howmustrctors oeveco Ideosondget them onto puper.
Ois<over t he concept ualprecess th at went ln toimaglnlng t he robot anddeveroplng tts cppecrcnce.
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Altemote vlews ondrotoUons let )lOU see t hepored-dcwn etements ofeoch robot designo
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.. 'lIDINTS ANIl MoVeMENT
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_ .eatpoo.comall ort site wit h 011 ocli...e ond sIUlled fOfum of ort ists
www.cgtalk.comon-li ne forum Ior the computer groph iU Indust'y
www.cgchannel.comonlofM' mogolJfW 01c~~ glllptlles gnd ~fte:h
www.sijun.coma" in\pi,;ng fOfum of art'~h di<;<:ussinq the;r "'0'\
www.conceptart.org'\OI'I\e of 1M Int~'s most Irrlo9inol''<e Q.tiIU
www·gfxartist.como 9'~ collKllon of ort'$l-monoged on"ne gokfiM
www.epilogue.net I
high 'quo lity site of fantosy cnd sciel'\Ce f ietlo n urt
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Tht>re 's so much useful informotion (o,
altistson rne Internet that cnrone cando a seorcn on theirown ro find a wealtho( inspiring material ora ¡n(armarion .
www.artlex.com
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rUSeFUl lIIleBSITeS
INTROOUCTION
Robots hove always captured peoples' imaginations. The
alchemists of old were obsessed with the idea of th e
homunculus: an art if icia l being created by humans; a robot.
The popularity of robots has grown as we approach the age
where they are actually camlng into being.
In any subject, there is a weal t h of artwork and creat ivity
avai lable to those willing to look for it, and collecting a body
of inspirational material is an absolute necessity for the
practising artist. 5imply look ing through much-admired art can
open up the creative process, allowing your ideas to develop in
011 sorts of fantastical directions.
Novels and short stories olso offer creative inspiration.
Reading provides an excellent opportunity to begin visualizing
and creating iIIustrations to go with the amazing stor ies
you 've just read.
•
,
thouscn<h of 011 term def,nitio'" and e.amplQs
www.artrenewal.orgthe Internet 's la'~ ort·l"" lTItI'leUm
en.wíkipedía.org
a g'eoI placef<x 'eseorchong Y"H": wtl;e<:t mallO!!'+ +www.spectrumfantast icart.comt tt lile besl in conlem~ora' y fanlaslil; crt
,~:WNSPIRATION,
1N S P11~ATIU N
InternetAs long os you are prepored todo sorne thorough secrctunq.the Internet can be a qreotsource for robots.
Books
Oneof the the bestscurcesfor conceptual mspucncn.reading books iso funtcsncway to exercrse your mentalveoonzctton musces.
Documentarles
Want te oeveiop a tonk robot?You snouid probably hove orcokal sorne documentaries
featuring existlng tcnks befareyou try to create your ownverseo from scratch.
Zoology
Take msprrotton from soeousts:occpt toe efficient ene compie«evoiutoncry structures found Inroture ter use In your robots.
CinemaWith the potenttcl to be the most
inspiring cnd engrossing of 011media.cinema should oot be ovencoked
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Graphlc novelsA gold mine of extremely original robotreference ero inspirctlon, graphlc novels. aswell as Manga, tend to be exceouonoüywej-versoo in rcoonc art.
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IN T RO O UCT I ON
l)D RAIAIING AND ReSeARCHC1assical art schools once st ressed to pupils that one of the
best ways to learn to make ort is t o study pre-existing artoI t's
0150 true that simple, repetitive pract ice can reap great results.
Life drawing is one of the prime staples of art education.
Although the drawing of nud e figures may seem to be
somewhat disconnected from the production of robotic art, it is
a necessity. You will need to understand th e three-dimension al
form and its interactlon with the environment in arder to gain
a mastery of rendering st ruct ure in 011 klnds of arto
Maintaln a consistent portfolio of current ortwork at 011
t imes. Aim to replace yo ur least favourite pieces an d 'clean
house' occasionally to continually improve your portfolio.
Reseorch and explore new oreas; constantly bombord yourself
with inspiration from unlikely places. You never know when
inspiration will st rike.
RE5EARCHThe most out landish designs alwaysrequlre a beüevcbte grounding inreality. This basic believability add ssupport t o the weird and wonderfu l,and research is a necessity in sclenceñctíon, Proper resecrch methods helpan ar tis t to form a more weü-develcpedvisual vocabulary and to creote animage lrbrcry from whkh he or she candraw in the future.
The InternetEasily the most st rea mlined andefficient resource. often one can flndalmost im mediately more than oneneeds. An organized couectton ofbookmarks that grows over t ime canbecome a personalized library that t heartist revisits with fa miliarity.Applications available for download orpurchase can allow the c rttst to scvewhole galleries and webpages an dthen to customize them as a uniquedata bank fcr reference.
»One of the best tools for visualresecrch ts the imoge secrch engine.Always mcke sure to go throu gh the
A simple ) ·0 mcx:kupmight even be helpful toset up os reference forshoding ond poslng. orfor ttM! persp«tlve inth e final ortwork.
) ·0 modell ing can oidyou in the hobit ofthinking of the wholeform of your designs.
'rhe )·0 model will olwayslose sorne of the Hvellnessof t he or iginol dro.wlng.
.¡t:~ Tryto ensureo. .:-_... , ....._~deqree of mterest
despite tll is Ioss'r-__~
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DetailsThe concept sketch shouldotwaysconteo os muchexplcrcnoo cnd detcñ os
possible. Thrs will help the~",'
modeUer while sculpung.
,
Ir the robot yau're designing is ¡ntended
{or repeated ese, then it's probably a
good idea lo lay down sorne baslerotations ro cene- understand usstructure. These ratarions wmgive you aTererence to tootc back ro when working
on the robot , ensuring tha( visual
consistency ís mointained. TheY'11a/so
gel you accustomed ro the robot {romseveral angles ond ecve you with a so/id
mental impression and undefs~anding ot
the robot fOf {uWrf:' work. Rotarions arehelp(uf tor animotion and 9roup proj ect
WOfk: they ef(eaively expkun ro the
animaror, O( ro orhers working on the
projec!. ho w the robot mo ves and which
oans of the robot can mif! ortransformo
CREATINGCHARACTER5HEET5
l
cdvcnced imag e search opnon. Set t heimage size t o 'medium ' or ' Iorge'. Thiswill ensure that the results ore usobleas visual reference.
-11's usuoliy o good idea to be overtyspeclñc in the seorch field ot f irst ondthen to generolize if more result s areneeded. Try mony di fferent variants ifresult s are peor.
_Using +. - and H" modifiers can helpnarrow down the secrch (see thesecrch eng ine FAQ or t ips sectjon).Sccn through t he thumbnailspresented until somet hing catchesyour eye.
- Chc nces are t hat w hen yo u find agreat írncqe. t he page tt's from willcontain more of what you 're look ingfor. so don't fo rget to look around ifthere 's more t o see. It's great to f indimages using the search engine, butfi nding a whole website that cddressesyour research goals ts what you realiywant . The srte m ight also hove asecuon of links t o other, similar srtes.
Libraries/bookstoresA good, image-heavy boo k cangive an crtíst immediote cccessto a number of high-resolution imag es.A few good books, as applicabl ereference, are t ru ly involuable to onartist 's work. Alt hough t he tosk offinding exoctly what one needs canbe both tedious and expensíve. t hepayoff is olways wort h t he hunt.When a good reference book ísfound the ortist has acquired aresource t hct can be ccnsístentlyretu rned too
Life observationTechn ically, this method of resecrchwill always bring the best resufts.The problemts the crust's ab ili ty toccquíre fi rst -hand access t o t he placeor sttuctlon needed. Time is also aconst raint when using real -Iife asreference. Peopte an d sti li Iifes tendto be the best subjects for personalobservation as a method of referenceond resecrch.
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Pract ise drawingSimply producing frequent
representot ive dfOwings is o
pefect woy to procnse. Keep onctetook ero draw your robot fromo vmiety of d ifferent angles and
ever-dlanging perspectwes,
A ]-0 representot lonof your robot con olsopresent proport ion ordesign f10ws notforeseen during t he2·0 development.
Keep d ese notes onscc se. eeccuse G ] ·0
rnodel quickly becomesdlvoreed f rom ony frameof reference.
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4 ..N · .......~'~,<;. . of th e robot, givlng osl lght ly chunkiercvercüIock tot he pece.
Text notesSaibbling wntten detoüs ond notes con be
tbe quiCkest way to ley down ideos or expondon o visual cernerain the orto
.. ImbalanceDon't use an extenderon Q long peoot It will
add too much weight.
~ Trade toolsBlue Co-Ercsecon be oseo inolf(x:litional. Of o
rncchoruco! verston
TOOL5Blue Col-Erase pencilsCom monly used by animotors. blueCol-Erase pencils are cvcncble fromseverc l dif ferent peneil monufoctu rers.They' re disti nct from grophite in th att hey are far less disposed to smudgingand smearing. W hen scanned, theircolour can be desat urated andresaturated in whatever hues the artistdestres. A wide range of colours areavailable in Col-Erase. but differingbinders and pigments can result in anctf cecbly varying softness and feel tothe penen (expenrnent. keeping inmind thct the actual colour of thepenen ts urumportcnt).
Peneil extendersSimple progmatism: with extendersyo u can run your pencns down muchfa rther. Avoid ustnq t hem far sweeptnq.gestural drawing as their balance anderqonomtcs lecve somethingto be desired.
ErasersRelat ively standard white eraser refillsore made bot h for normal halders, andfor elect rtc ercsers. Ensure t he qualityof the eraser before buying because tt
can vary w idely. Good quality erusersucks tend to be whiter and sof ter thanthei r extremely poor, harder an dyellower counterparts. The regularholder can be useful for lrnrnedic te andprecise ercsfnq. but be sure thct the ttpIs deon t e cvord smudging. The electnceroser spms t he típ of the eroser ond isan extremely fast and ef ftoent woy oferosmq heavy pencrl work, while sttllbeing quite qentle on qucnty pap er.
oo
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o
... Al! shapes and sizesFind youf personal p ereerce
omong the many types of
ercsers ovonoble.O Electnc enserf) Bevejeo eroser in holderQ Standard ercser
o Gum emser
o Putty ercser
IN TR OOUCTIQN
and spontaneity, more so than the immediate aesthet ic
advantage derived f rom troditionallinework .
Traditional mediums possess en inherent advontage ayer their
digital counterparts: visual com plexity. The algorithms involved
in im itating a pencil's line on a computer cannot yet come
close to representing the complexity that a pencil on paper con
produce (eventually t his will be overcome), By simply scanning
th e image, a slight choke paint is introduced and sorne of its
complexity may be lost. Certain tasks (masking, far example)
present no material advantages in troditional procedures and
should be relegated solely to digita l process. Traditional and
digital mediums should be recognized as noncompet it ive
elements serving differing roles, appropriately matching the
desires and needs of the art ist. The digitalline may be far
more voluable to sorne artists as it concerns smoot h workflow
r-IAIORI<lN G TRADITIONALLV
I
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... Tint ond textura '-o Icxtured, handmode ccper
o Smooth white paper
o Watcrcolour pcper
o Tinted pcper
• Extra sharpIf you find the e ecnkshorpener insufficient usesorne emery board te touehup the end of your pencj.
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PaperPictured here rs o vcrtety of 250gsmpaper, 011 of it good quality, wit h O
slight t exture. Agoin. experiment w ithdifferent papers to see if you prefer asmoot her or rougher te xture. Papershould be heavy and touqh enough tohandle repeoted ercsu re and drowing.
Electric sharpenerEnsure thot ít's the helical vcriety an dnot simply a rotati ng blode. Whilecertoin peneil tips (soft-edged. ete.) orebetter cchíeved with a crcft kmfe, ogood quolity electrtc sharpener isextremely usefut for generol sharpeningtesoecrouy in bctches).
HardboardExperiment with different types ofboard to f ind t he drawing surfoee t hotsuits you best. one thct's resuientenough not t o bend.
WOR KING T R A OI T ¡ O N A l LY
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HELPFUL TIPS
Lit tle bps li lce th is con, cumu/otively,
save huge amounts of t ime, time thot
con be spent on a ctual artworlc and
not the frustrating minuriae of
the craft.
• rrs a good idea (beforehond) to hovea series o{ pencils olreody shorpened
ond shorpened for di{fering roles(while ;! only reses a moment to
shorpen a pencil, i! sWI can breakortistic momentum).
• Mount ortwork on a series of
hordboords. This keeps the ortwork
backed with a surfoce te drow on. in case
you wanr to shi{! locations, ond can
ovoid domoge being done to the oopec
• Some ort isrs tend to hale cotegorizing
t hings ond cleaning up oreas ot high
oetivity. However, a simple well·designed
sysren can help manoge a balance
between st rud ure and spontaneity.
Without ene you 're evenruolly 90ing telose something or need to hunt forsomething while working on your ort.
This effort can ettner be expended
beforehond, or you can ecve it unti/
you're on a roll ond hove ro break it te{ iOO a replacemenr eraser.
" Base of operationsChooseo base thot suns the weight of
oresscre you use with your pencil.
w ood or plostiC moy be too hord.
HOlnJ TO SETUP VOURlnJORI<STATION
Ligh ! source positioning ís importont
when you're working traditiono lly. You 'lI
wont a bright ligh ! source coming
through your windows {rom abour a
10 o 'clock pasir lon (if you are lef thended,(roro Z o 'dock). This will minimize
cese shodows folling over your work.
The /orger ond cteorer the working
surfoce, rhe better offyou ore. Hoveeverything prepared ond within
immediote reach wirhaut cluttering
the work space. l f using painrs, or
onything thot gives off fumes. ensure
you 're working in an extremely
well·ventiloted orea.
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HOllll TO ORGANIZeVOUR FileS
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!NTR O DUC T } ON
When working digilally, il is a good idea lo proceed in balches.
If you are working on several projecls al once, leave l asks l o be
done collecl ively. Scanning a series of drawing s 011 al once
saves l ime compared lo sel l ing up ind ividually for each piece
of arl. Even fo r more manual lasks, such as digilally cleaning
up the scans, il can save lime if the work is done serially (one
l ends l o gain momenl um in labori ous lasks, and it 's a good
idea l o use thls bullt-up momenlum ef f lclently).
\: InIORI<lNG DIGITALLV
When warking digital/y, yau'U want
no /ight saurce but that coming from
you r monitor. G/are and refledionsdramoticolly reduce your abi!ity resee subtlet ies on the screen. If
working ior an extended penca, take
breaks and go ou(side ro view
obleds at varying distonces,
otherwise you r eres moy becomeextreme/y stroined, resulting inproblems focuslng ond neccccnes.Choosing the right chair can be
extremely imf:JOrtont. It ensures thatyour posture isn·t too bowedwhen
working: back problems or even
compaction of the lower orgons con
develop. Repet it ive stro in inj uries
can be ovoided by regulorly
switching (rom the tob/et ro the
mouse while working. lntermitten tly
switch projeas if rote ptocesses
are required.
•
seep computer fiJes alphobetical/y
ordered. Remember, wilh numbers , lo
keep a zero as o p /aceholder for
numbf"ring systems in series that reach
at least daub/e digi ts (11j pg willbe
Usted Higher than 1Jpg, but not 01 j pg).
HOllll TO SeT UPVOUR DIGITALlIIIORI(STATION
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MonitorsYour computer wtll depreoote rapidJy over time but Q
goOO monitor will be ju o;t Q<; valuable as the fust doy
you bought ít. A mutti-moni tor setcp ts on exceilent
way to espord youf WOfking sooce. ero Is suprisinglyecsy to sct up.
11-....
• Digital sketchpa dA toblet Pe might be exceptionolly
IleIpful te the oust whoworks in a
completely digital rredusn
•
WORK ING DIGIT AL LY
.... GatewayThe scanner is your gateway
frorn trodmoool to digital.
Ensure tho t the quo1ity ot yourtrconooc r sketches is not beinglost in translation.
... Picture qualityFor taking protcs to use in your cu.
ü's best lo invest in a top-ot -the-jme
ccmerc. but fa retereoce snops, ahandy digital will be your best friendo
.... TabletA1though there's (] lot of room
for tedmologicol improvement.a bese tablet rs still o r ecessorytool for most digital ortrsts.
Digital cameraNot hing fancy Is necesscry bere: acheap digitol camera Is excellent forsetting up reference shots. Examplescou ld be how Iight fatls in from awi ndow. references for foreshortening,and pe rspectíve references.
Tablet peThese moy be seen os on cltemctíve t odesktop PCs, or os en occompanimentto yo ur mcín workstation. Alt houghthts model has no pressure sensíuvny.being able to draw directly on thescreen has lt s advantages (especiallyfor tedious labour, such as masking onimage). w tth a wrreless network, 011 ortfi les con be kept in a shared file on omoin comput er and cccessed f rom theloptop wtth ecse. This ovoids constantfile trcnsfers and the ct tenncn poid towhich com puter holds the mostrecently modified file.
ScannerAvoid scanners that are t h¡n . ortout speed as a prime fecture.Apparently. the hecvíer thescanner the thicker ít s glassplcte. which can ímprove thequal ity c f t he sean . Be SUTe
the light is off when not inuse; this can save weor onthe bulb ond preserve seanquolity. (There are usuallybulb-scvtnq feotures thatautomoticolly tu rn off the scanner, butthey can be unrelioble. I t's a good ideaj ust to unplug the power from thescanner w hen not in use; t hrs meonsthe scanner has to warm up when It'st emed on, but t he lncrecse in longevityIs worth it.)
Although you may want t o seanstrange materials for use in art (wcod.rough ly pctnted textures. etc.). becareful you don't scrotch or mark t heglass surface in the scanner.
TOOL5
TabletAtthough tbere's st ill o lot to beimproved upon in terms of technology,the toblet rs o necessory too! forworking digi tolly. Experiment wit htob let stzes, but becouse o degree ofvisual disconnection wi ll olwoys bepresent, o larger tablet might not beworth Its ungainly stze or theimpediment of having to use t hekeyboord ond mouse in conj unctionw ith the toblet. On multi-monüorsetu ps. ensure thot the toblet rsdesignoted to wor k onJy on theprimory monitor. Use a mou se t occcess secondory disploys.
I
INTROOU C TION
l=1ARTIST IC RENDERING
•
,..,Tight line
2GOin wtth a precise eroser and rernoveanyoverlapping ures that remojo
too oppcrent.
•
•
Cross hatching
2If youstrffen up ond try to be too ceeosewith tbe hotching. the Unes wlJI become
wavy ond strlted,
,
•
¡\
\·1 '
; \ :';, L,
•
r ¡•
•
•
loose line
1Don't be ctrcld to drow forms
overlapping each orbec as long as theUne iS light tt con be wekeo out loter.
,Hotching
1The trk k rs to allow your motor skills tokeep the unes conSistently spoced ero
relatively srooth.
HatchingUne hatching sbould always seem tolie on top of the ptcne rt's texturing orshod ing. If the plone has o bump, orshífts, the hotching should toüow thisshíft identicolly.
Cross hatching is a secondaryopplication of hatchin g thot coincideswith the ini t ia l applicot ion. Whilet rovelling ot o different unqle, t hesecond set of hatching must conformto the surfoce of the plone j ust osmuch os the fi rst.
Contour linesAt ñrst seeming formless. not ice howctosety t hese loose ltnes conform to t heJines in t he next step.
Remember tbct. olthough flct ondt wo-dfrnensloncl. the curves of línescon convey a great deol obout theform, whtch will beccme even moreopparent tcter in the process. AII ct hersteps rely upon t he quolity of t hecontour line.
You will develop your own way of executing speci f lc
techniques. and the culm inat ion of your differing approaches
will give your art a dístmcttve thumbprint and style. However.
befare you can use them to your benefit. first you must grosp
the fundamental funct ions of t hese basic techniques.
I
1.
ShadingMainly fu nctioning l o bring t exture.thts light hatching is also prevalent inoreas of high shadow.
I f a plane shc res the sorne angle. itshould probably also share t he sorneshading. An except ion l o t his moyIncluoe reflect ed Iight , Of a differingma terial cornposltlcn
HighlightingAlthough sui tably shaded, th is secttcncon be given even more form byapplying a layer of highlighting .
Add it ive tints of white run 010n9rct sed sections c f thts robonc Iimbsection. This highlighting adds morecontrast c nd even seems lo mo ke theshading dcrker.
GlazingRemember thct the cclour of the entireprece befare glozing w ill show t hroughond affect how the glazes oppear. Awarm base tends t o give the cotours onctt rccuve rtchness.
Note how much colour vcncnceresults from o gloze; becouse ü'soddtnve. no colour in the process íslost. onty compounded.
Une sha ding
1toosen up. but don'! tecorc ccreesswith thjs apphcotiOn of Iinewort..
Basic highli gh ts
1Bcsk píone stcocs are achieved al thrspoot, but you can punch them up e httle
bit more.
Coloured ground
1Start off wrth o tose textural sorrcce.includmg o s1igh! oeqreeof incollSlstency
ondroughness.
AR T I S TIC R EN DERING
Digital shading
2AVOid otterrpnnq en overly dynamiecontrast tbct may end up obsomng
importon! oetcus,.
Sharp highlights
2Your t ight high lighting con end up
developmq cven more complcx forms inthe robot's surfuces.
Glaze coat
2Be mcoecte with!1le shading ond
highligh!ing here. The metal rs covereo in
o layer ot poin!, so tbere will be no ghnting 01
strong rrctcmc cco trusts,The poin! CO\'efS the
ennre material. and tre indicatiOnof usOfiginal compo!. ltlon rsprimarily texturat.
•
INTROOUCTION
T:nEIUDERllUG IVIATERIALS
Spltt. stretchedsteellf a por! of you rrobot neeosfreedom ofmovement or t heability to deforrn,you 'lI want tothink ot o pottemthot cnows fo rstretch ing cndbendinq in mostany direcuon
CopperNotice the co lourshfft on this metal:the dtstmctcopper-orcnqetsn' t sclelyímportont. Offsetil with o slight 1yoesctorotec purpeas u movcs mtothe shcoe.
Hu.
3Highiy reüecuve. tnc rnctcncr will inelude
the calours of the suHounding matefiOls.
Highlights are extrcmely br ight white.
Brushedstainless stee tBegin a su-tocesueh as th is wlth ageneral qrodlentthat would suit anextremery polishedsurrcce. but trienoistress It sllghtlyfor a tess reñecnve.brushed 1001:..
PunchedoluminumSorne types ofpollshed. cleonmetal surfaecs w illshow o generalqrodienton its surtcce wtthhtqhly reñecnvospots where thesurtcce haschanged (in thiscase. small studs).
Shade
2Extremety hccrvy contrcst ts applied bcre
w tth bnqbt. cnsp h'ghlights.
OxidizedcapperWorn metalthot's hod oreccuon tojeplace on itssurtcce w il! beqmto show blo tehypotehing and arough text ure.
METAL MANIA
A/thaugh a robot can be
maae of any material the
ortlst aewes. the c/asslc form
will probably hove a mosrly
meta llic composition. From
the gleaming chrome public·
setvice robot. !O his rus ted andpitted sueet-sweepercontemporary . metal/ir robotsCQn hove a vastly varying
appearance. Both cestner«and conceptua l concems willdictare what types ot metal
you cnccse for yaur crealíon.
Being a manufactured enti t y, robots will usually be composed
of severol different moterio ls t hot con often hove widely
varying appearances. Immediately one would default to si mply
assuming they' re made of metal , but fi rst take a look at a car
and its materials: note the different types of metal, glass,
rubber and plastic. An inclusive materiai complexity is key to
creating a believable and interesting robot.
Polished/lubricated metals
Shapes and structure
1Not mte nded for heovy exposure. thismateJiol con be used for eccsed
mterrcrs cnd jointing .
RE N DE R I N G MA TER II\ L S
Brass 11=]
Hu.
3Rcmem ber that gun metal, though drcb.will su! ref lect the hue of local colours.
Hu.
3Whf>n cooered, the orsnrct noture ot the
metal comes through. Highlights tend to
be white. and the majorit y cr colour ÍS grey.
The trOrl'i.ition from shode to highli9ht
dtctotes the cocer for t he whole material.
Hu.
3Thc JXIint covers the entue material,.andthc Indieot ion of ItSoflgw,ol compoSItlOfl
ÍS primalily textcrct
,
Shade
2Wher1 shodlng ond high1i9htlng, Ioy In
bese piones ond edging.
Shade
2Be spor ing wtth shodlng ond highlights.
The metal is covered in a Ioyet" of pcmt.so there wil l be no glinting or stlOflg contrasto
Shade
2ShOding should be overall dark, wlth st lf f
ond stork high llghts only.
Painted metal
,
Gun metal
I
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Lin e
1Very strong unes 01 (> «uucüy importont
here to cnsurc o rrcctnned copeorcnce
ond dark controst for the loter steps.
Line
1Being a bcre metal, stcrt off wrth sorne
heovy dar!:.s. leove cecr oreas for the
joter apphcatlOfl o f hi9h1i9hts.
Line
1Start off with o bosic textural sorrcce.inc\udlng a shght occree al Inconsistency
undroughncss.
I N T R Q OU CT I D N
Shiny laminates
Perspecüve 2Deccls will canform
to the perspecnvefrom which you
draw your robot.
H,.
3 l he hue is mosUy feflecting tne Iightingof rre eweoorrcnt. StOlkhlghlights next
to slighUy dcnercd strips glint one! srow off
the reflective mate rial.
Hu.
3Here we consee how tened down thetextUfe has become ond how the glazed
coc er is mueh more subtle tha n on the
metcuc surroces.
Perspeetive 1Lettenrq willdimmtsh in stze íftbe robot is turn ing
from the viewcr.
Concavel he oeccr curves
into the cepressronof the surface on
which ü's imprinted.
Shade
2Notice thot no distinct surfoce texture is
used. rte b1urry qoolily ene! shlnc IS
simply the erweonment pIoying of f tbereflectlve surfuce.
Shade
2The shoding ond highlighting is gentleeven for a slightly shiny ocsuc,
Convexrnc oecct bulges
out over tne robor's
scrtcce. nscentre stretcnmq.
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oeCALSAND LOGOS
A deca/, ot tooet. is simply a rwodimensional imoge laid onto a three·
dimensional surfaee. A simple way to
understand this ís te imagine the deeal
eontalned inside a eorresponding box or
grid. When tnts box Is /aid (Iat oves the
surfoce o( the object, the decal willcurve and de(orm in o consistent
manner to that o( the box. Note how
the curve of the contalnment box o/so
corresponds re the contour hatching
applied earlier.
!I
Plastic
,•
Une
1The linework rs seJVing tbe forro priroori ly.
une lne!icat ioo reees lO be glven of eematerial ct this pont.
Une
1wberecs initio l1y texux ed much like
pontcd metal. this is more ter definitioo
of form ond willloter be tooed down heavily. .,
RENOERING MATERIALS
L1Fe 15 VOUR PALeTTeYou can use pre!ty much cny materia/ that comes to mind lo
construct yOU! weirder robo ts. You may hove o greot visual
psaure in your mind of a robot made o{ sponge. Just make sure
lhal yoU! backstory serves th is iniria l visionoDon 'r beafraid lo
try things rha! may initially seem rid iculous. Use yOU!
imaginarion and do sorne rE'SeQrch te make}tOUr implausible
idea usab le.
Overlaid pattern
The actual material may be
unimportant if tbe robot rsoeccrcteo with a pattern forceremonial recsons.
:=41
A morphous material
Your robo t might be mode of a
decr material, hke water, thatcan form shapes, ond evenfunc tion as oqocnc camoflauge.
StoneA goIem Of magicolly aeoted
robot may be made of stone or
sorne cther eortby material thct 's
cnnrcteo bya sorcerer.
ShellsOrgonic shells or ccrcpcces moybe val grown ond used in Opouoüy orgoni( robot. giving il
the ccceorcrce of O oustccecn
Iridescent fibreMaterialssuch os moescentsynthet«; fibre weoves give tf-e
impression of extremely
sopbsuccted technology.
PlasticP1astia 10m deceptfvely casy rorender. but their particular
speculOfity ond bues ore oftenquite unnotural ane!d¡fficult.
Ceramic
If your robot iS heovily cnrocred
it may be plcted in ceromcs such
os boron corbide. which offers
inCledible ballistic protection.
FoamSoft foam rrotencts can be used
on robots that occrwith people in
a descote fashion-o cnnd'srobonc nonny, tor ostcrce.
Woad
Sorne primitive robots may be
constnxtcd with wood, of which
there are many vc nonts. Cnoose
an exoct texnae.colour and type.
Transparent film
lay a textured, ocst« film overyour robot 'ssurfcce. Light undshadow will be tbe ooly things to
¡ndieate tbrs neor ·invisible film.
Orgonic
U ne
1l 00sen up cnd keep u-e sbooes flowing.
Une weight should vary greotly.
Shade
2Thc shading handles more of the soft,
smoothly textu-ot sctcce. rather thon
using the Une to ccneve this.
Hue
3A lot of worm colour vcncuon rs used fo~
the organie material, ero a sbght sture IS
given to indicate rnotstuie.
I~,Iff.,/ ., r
• •,
, ____ o •
,
?,í"1ll ' 1
Tightened contour Unel. The fmolhnesore lctd in ct thls steo. ero" thrs contour will show in tbe final pece.
sotake ccre. AlI the majar structues coodetcíls are rendered at t his peor. from tbestcoe of the large leg p1ating to the interna'sockets visible in the pelvic gap.
loose Unework
3Recognizable elements of tbe robot tcke
snooe ct ttus pont. Remember te keeptre linework light in thrs step. Detous thathove not yet been concetvec need te bedeveloped al this poot.so loke your t ime,
/-,
l·d~.'
-~,!.f\#'') •
c.. ¿~~ Alth ough ther."t<t~!t~ drowing ls comiog
/1;:1I~rI>"' t ogether, dcn't.c; : _fi(gJ~·) get complecent.
loase gesture <;;,1;--';'" ,- /
2Thisstep lsbasicallylaying in tbe proporf.iOOing ot
full-síze. Tbese lines wlll be corriedlhrough te the finlshed pece. sobeqentle with Une ~ight. A1th0U9h it
should follow the thumbnOlI
dcsey. remem~r thOt lile curvesandstcces should aISO result in enjrnprovernent over the thumbnail'S.
The moiomechoo.lc~ .aod joiotífl9 ls solidlf,ed
[see Joiots oodMovemeot. p.30), ---.J~
The thumbnall
1The beseshapes ane! ideas otthe rocct are conceNed 111 thlS
steo.Note the details thotoppearin tbrs stoge: the dual syes ore termore¡mportant to the design than
the detolls ot the arm mechanisrY\S·
Ooo't be afraid lfthethumbnail seerns likencnseese to o regularviewer: whct'slmportant ts thot youunder-stand it. .'
LINEWORI<
On the following poges you will be guided in detoil th rough
every step involved in the process of creoting a robot from
scrotch. This, of course, is only a single, specifi c woy ro go
obout thínqs, ond you should develop your own t echniqueS,
odding to or removing from the steps seen here. The followin9
sequence combines drawing ond pnlntlnq,
..::rHe InIHDLe PROceSS
•
HighlighUng willrocecse thereodabiflty (lfdetulled ports.
Highlighted
7A new layer 15set ayer the top and nnts. of wh ite are added in preces that requtre
highlighting. Many of tte ccoeccuors of
highlightlng are as m uch drawing as JXIinting
and ore resultantly qui te linear.•
Hatched, finished line
5Thissteo uses hotehing and bolder linedefjnition l o odd a oeqree of form lo the
flat drawing. Trad il ionolty. this is tbe icst stepbefore sconning the ¡moge mtc the
computer so mcee sere you're sotisfied.
Shaded
6Aftef scanning, O trcnspcrent layer ÍS se!cver toe top of tne robot Block is cconeo
in oeqrees of occcny to fíll in planes thot willbe darler ond ccst in shodow
The shadlng shou ldserve os (I n Indlcatoror visual importanee,as well as recüsrn.
Remember that jiwill be eesier loremove HnewcrkIn t he computerrather th nn add jtIn after this step.
SHADING
'.,
~ ,
lI
I NT RO D U CTIO N
•
COLOURING
Ncnce how theshad ing seems tolighten. The lcss ofwhite as (1 contras!crectes lhis eHect .
,
laying in a ca nvas ground
8ThiS is tnestcp that .€olly beqms t o blur
tre Une between drawing oor pa.ntlng.Find a ground that suit:> your personaloesthcucs (it coulc simply be o texturedpoper or ccovcs) 000 o y it, multiphed. overthe drawing. Tt1is texture will set tbe cotourcnd texturcl harmony ror tne whole oiece.
CHOOSING A GROUNDYourconvas ground will cdtea the whoJe impression ond style
of you, off, and choosing the right ene is en extremely
important step. Any thing can be used. and its c rrrccroeoessro you and the suitability to the aft are yaur primory
concems . Ensure that there are no large contrasts be!ween
light and dark as th is wi/l conf lict with t he painting later on.
I f you can sean ir, it con be usea os a ground.
Try te avoidsimply lcyertnqtne some colourogoin in tntssecond ccc t.
First glaze coat
9l ay trcrsocrent washes or colour ove therobot. settlng in lorge oreasof bese hueso
The ¡nitial glozecoat moy seema nme dro b alt hls poi ot.
Second glaze coa t
1OThiSsecood « depeooent 'ayer ofglazing will oecrwñh reflected líght
und deaver on odded scectrctcomplextty.
[H [ WH O L E PROC ESS " " ":IiI
Otocals cen pefformimportant fundionsof instant , noo·verbal ldenttñcction.
Your Brainbot ís nowcomplete and recdyto prctect someimportant dignitaries.
Finish ing s te ps
11This steo will wrap up the ñnlsheoprece a nd Involves odd lng little
cetcns, Dcccrcoonccnon should ploboblyocccr al thrs step. os well os slight soturotion
tweoking ond visual enects soch as LEDs and
rusting Of stai ning .
,
Thls inventorynumber Is ene ofthe only'personalit y 'trcrts thctdist ingulshes th isparticularBrainbot from t herest of 115 plctoon.
,
I NTRQOUC 1 I O N
=i:;;JJEVELOPING VOUR IDEASWark as small ar as large as yau prefer, but the functian af this
step is ta lay dawn generalized designs as fast as passible while
focusing on majar elements and shapes. Often a thumbnail
may be so minimalist that anly the artist can make any sense
of ít: being able to construe the finished product fram this step
is an important skill. Of course, by no means should yau limit
yourself to the design produced at this stage, and if additive
imp rovements are conceived, th ey should definitely be worked
inta the design as the art progresses.
Orbital Delegate:Evolut ion of function
Brass Lion:Dramatic progression
... uere we consee tbe drcrrcuc proqressonoccurring in the developrnent of Her
Majesty 's Honouscble Bross Uon (poS8).Initially starting os o more arachnid Of
bestial fOfm. nwos then moc1ified to a
humonoid shape.
,
Encyclical Purger:Similar re-workinqs
~!/1:1
rz» I. ,
.. ~ Here we see many verssorrs of tbe
Encydi cal Purger {p.102}, 011 of which becr ad ese resemblcnce te eccn other. No lealthumbnoil WQS used oso f inal. ond thecompleted pece tetes e1emcnts from
differing thurnbnctls; it olso utmzesaspects
not yct appcaring at this stage.I
..... TIle Orbital Delegate (p. l0l¡)
was ini tially more of an Orbital
Pcrcncoper. seen here as a glounded
soldier irccccbe of f1ight
\
...The second step
shows a rotated
view of a Slmi lOl
sooer with
exnoneocs qeorfor functioning
In spcce.
There ts no problem making the leapfrom the ecrly stetcties and doodlesto tnu fully recnzeo robot. The ecrlydoodlesare ef fecnve ecboes of theflnol result.
ICONCEPT OOODLE5Play with silhouettes otyour design as nn
initial step. With this approach, you 'l/ ovoid
getting bogged down in detoils too eor/y.
DFV(lüPING YO UH IDE AS
Even in thts roughtrectment. the essenos oftbe robot rs ccptured
,. In this de5ign the robot has been crteredto nppccr to function exdusfvely in orbn.losmq ony need for stcbnny or Q
ccrwennonct soldicrlike structure.
-',
- p
... I be hunchcd or curled pcsture seemeo
mconqroous wrth the technology and themilitary ñcvour of the tenchne,so a moroerect verston wos deveícoed tbot becrs ocoser resenbcoce to the ñníshed crece.
.. SmoII crrows con be seco asa remindE'llo further sl roighten tbe posture.
•
•
A robot is a sum of its parts.The details you decide toinclude in your constructionare important in and ofthemselves. This section willguide you through theconstruction of jointing andarticulations, through to thedevices and tools attached to,or held by, your robot. Thesedetails will indicate to yourviewer that your robot is litheor lumbering, constructive ormerely destructive.
. ~"-~------------------------ ,.....,. -N UT S s, BOLTS.
IllIOINTS AND MOVEMENT• ..
Whereas an interna! struct ure can be left unspecified, one
absolute requirement must be adhered toothe limbs must
move and perform their function without other parts of
the robot interfering.
A robot with a bladed weapon will seem impotent if ít's
even slightly obvious that it cannot swing the weapon without
cutting into itself. A robot with a gun will seem ineffectual if it
appears that its range of f ire is limited. Take t ime to imagine
the robot performing its intended funct ion (this is fun, self
indu!gent and extremely beneficial to the process).
NonhumanoldBelievable movement mus! be conveyed tn even the
strangest shapes ora sn cctcres. Such o design might not
resemble ony pre-existlng formobut with the ¡nc/usían of
rnese basic joints. ir should conceivably be oblc ro function.
Rea list ic jointsCombine mecbontcol elementswrtb
orccnrc curves in your robot designoNouce lhat the mechanicol elementsrerrcin borehke. ma intaining the
JOint's functiOnal appearonce.
~
e
e e
e ·
Real anatomyYou can see in onX-rey of Ohond thottbe bones ore 011shopec to performscecmc fuocnoos andcon be cerned over intorobot designs. Mix and
match however you wish:fer instonce, repect thesefinger joots eight timesand use them as a rererencefor a spiderfike rocct's leqs.The thumb could be used asreteerce f()(a Single.crnccicted gunmount tnctcan move freely on üs
cttcchment to the robot.
HumanJike movement
The red dots denote 011 tbemcm points of art irula.tionreeoeo for o robot to Icncuonin a belfevoble manner.
HumanoidWlt h these bosiCj oints. the robot should be ab/e tefunction much /ike Q human being. O( course, todehumanize the robot , the head could be removed O( serinro the body, 0 ' the kgs replaced wirh t itanium tracks.
HondA humanoid robots' hand will
probobly follow human phystcloqy
quite doscly, especoüy if designedto perform common humonfunctions (011 bese too-use wouldrecuse it). Note the jOinting ond
ttct.while rt could change on arobot, how the length of the
fmqers in relonon te eochother Is very importont.The middle finger is longest.with tre ring f inger oítenbeing rext. followed by theiooex finger,and finollythe little finger.
PRIMARV JOIIUTS
!,,
•
•
,,
I,
•
JDINT STRUCTUREBelievable jointing ís extremely ímportcnt in a
crecnon whose art iculation ts often apeo and
uncovered for the vtewer to see. Below. three
mcín types of jointing are íüust rcted that
could be used in robotrc crtk ulcnon.
HingeHere is a simpHstic mortise hinge, comprising of two sections,
with a lubricated pin IUnning through them (check out yourooon. This 15 a good basis formote du nky or primitive robotsond would hove ro be combined in sets ot al least two roallow (or a fu/l range o( morian.
Assembled hinge
11 I Notke thct the pln is
/ / nush wlth the end in{ - - tne assembled pece.
T'-HC0'~
~".-. :=7.. ~
Disossembled hinge /
A hinge like thrs is made / 1.up of three mechanicallysimple ports.
, .
SegmentedSegmenting a/lows for a huge ron9€' of movement fo~ ajoint (ashioned out of a tuudened casooace.
Assembled segmented
Expenment wrth dífferent/ / versiors of thls joint: more
'~/ ctrnour meo", °snt fer joín t.
,--.~t~)Disassembled segme nted , JMake your jointing as long "" _~
osyou want by simply ........
rcpeating t hrs secnon, L /
·1=11
NUT5 &.. BDLT 5
r-BITS AND InIIDGETS
.- -
Curved and ratchetedA workaday broce,sucn os ttus,wauld oor Iook out of place on
any type of robot.
NutheadBUilding your robots with chunky screw hecescnd visible bolts, con resu't in Oqrotesquelyinteresting ct orccter.
When dosed, this pod is oself·contoined shope,useful fer sleek,
l;.." oerody:omiCbots.
Open sescrne
A viSible rotating hifl9€ qtvestnc vewer an indicaUon of
how the nozzle slides outof me casing.
Instecd of showingcomplk oted internals,consíder o concert lno-styledust cover tbct hldes them.
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Concealed panels and sectionsA robot moy hove limbs or pcrts thot retrcct loto ttsbody when not in use. Remember thot the covertnqplote must match the hale it leoves in the mcrn bodyof the port. Also. t he device eontoined within mustappeor to eorrespond with the spoee lnsrde the oreaof conceolment.
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Slot hecd '. ' ~ Squcre headCross head
Add vnrtety
Ccrs me rnoss prodoced (by robob !) te be omrcrmBrlng vcnety to your designs by vorying the detcus.
ASSEMI3LV DETAILS
Screw headsA robot , especrcñy lf rncss cssembled, moy displayextenstve j oint ing ustnq industrial couplings. I n yourd~signs, dñferent screw hecds con odd vcrtety ond otoueh of personcuty - for mstcnce. o crcsshecd moygive o more eomplex ond amate oppearonee thon oregular slot head.
Choosing the proper type of screw head will be
primarily up to your aesthet ic tostes as the art ist.
Some screws may be covered with caps that hove
their own shapes, others may lie f lush with the
surface. However, th ese aesthet ic choíces should also
match the storytelling associated wit h the robot -
a highly sophist icated robot set far in the future
probably shouldn' t hove big lug nuts on it !
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I n principol, t hemuscles workidentieally to thoseof o humon ondWfap OfOUn<! t hebone in the so.meconfiguration.
Artificial materialsThe bcroieo ñbres ofthe mcscies hovebeenrcplaccd with tens üe
buroes of steeí meshcable (which would
ruocuonquite similorlyto rr wsd es).
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M echan ical skelet onThc cnñerenccsoeocteoin the rot ouc bonesOle, visually speaking,only cosmeuc, Thematerials are Implicitlydítferent. ond the 1\jOints ore poseo asbemq mechcmcol.
The distinctiveCUl'Vt'5 of humanbones hove be-enmaintained here.
Organi c refere nceSludy human anotomy, look intext coces and medical
oicuoocnes. to qet a sense othow humon umbs funetion.
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Anatomy as astructural baseOrganic refereoce can be mvclucbleeven for robots. This skefetc l c ndrordleg structure foüows huma n onotomyolmost excctly. creoti ng o behevc blebcsts for bipedcllocornouon. Simplyby replacing the orgonic nssue wlthan artificial counterpart, a perfectlyhuman anatomical structure canappear st range and robonc.
The napo.lmthrower is oboutthe sorne IlMgthos t he replacedarmo ensurlng
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eese or cleoroncewhen In use.
Antipersonnel fundioosThe len forearm of this robot has
been reoicceo with o napolmthrower. The napalm supply leeosfloro the expensen chamber in the
body of tte thrower up tbe pipingto o Iarge tonkcrctceeo to tberccct's left shouldel cnd scopulÓ.The seccrcuoo of fue! eOO weoponadds a leve! of visual complexity te
a simple modtñoaüon.
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This bcstchumonoid robothas no obvÍ(lusspecific fundían,
; os It hasn 't yetbHn speciollzed.
l he bctsíc trame of a modular robotHumanoid for deSign and cconccncorecscos. lhis robot is peseuec wlth
bese functiooality and me poteoncr fOl
a vcst oumber of modiñccuons.
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BA51C FRAME
NUTS s, BO LT S
A bosic humanoid robot can be interest ing. but it moy
lock the storytelling element thot a more funct ionolly
obvious design can provide. An artist should oiwoys
think obout whot his or her creotion would do in the
world in which it exists. Added ottochments ond
embellishments present narrotive elements thot
dramotically enhance the appeal of the robot 's designo
1: lATTACHMERlTS ARIOEMBELLISHMERlTS
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Survivalfully pínted In hect resstcnt.
magnetized bclltstc pIot ing.
this robot has becn outfi ttcd
ro sinvive ext remely
hozordous succuons. The
ormour Iays on ond cunsoround the profi le ot the
robot, ond sun rncmtcíns the
recesscty gaps io jainting
Ior rnovement.
Gaps in tlle crmourplating aUow thejoint s to ñex andmove freely.
ATTII(H MEN 1S A NO E M B E l ll S H M E N T S
1=1-1
Recoooalssaoce
A íorqe. extended visor qrvesthis version of the robot
extremely covcncco visual
Iuncnonouty. A primary cluster
ot tenses Ofl the vsor's left soe
teiescooes 000 rotc tes, enobling
the robot to see in a voncty of
woys. In sorne coses, thiscapobillty is umueo only by
the curvcture 01tre eot n
This flxtutecould pot enticllybe removed bytn e robot itselfin the ñeld.
Balancing eetWhen designing o weapon,think about how it willoffect the rooot'scentre of gravity.
Jrlí?O(J )
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This scope would reqcr-e amatching femole port on therobot t o be plu<¡ged in.
SNIPERAn extended borre! offers more rifling forenhanced accuracy, and the scope jccks straightinto the processor of t he robot. The magazinehas been shortened to better fccrhtcte proneshooting, and the st andard grip has beenreplaced wi t h en actual robotrc hand fixture forthe scke of immediate and enhanced triggerpuUs. The hand fixture would attach straight tothe wrist of t he user robot .
ClOSE SUPPORTAn independent , under-bcrrelzom m grenadelauncher has been attached t o t hrs rifle forgrenadier rabotic infantry. An ext ended irongrenade sight potnts up from t he gun frame. Anopened trigger frame extends down to t he base ofthe grip, allowing the weapon t o be used by a robotwith digits t hicker than the averoge humcn's.
A robot with o st runqe, or slmplylo rge, hand conf igurotían wouldneed a trig9er guord Ilke this.
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Depend ing on the sce oft he robot, lt moy not needto olwoys hove th is gundeployed prone for use.
This gun would be used bybesíc, humol'lOid robots .
Here ls a bcsic csscutt rifle; its trame and recelverwlll remojo consistent in 011 the followingdenvcttons. Standard rssue. and w ith a universalapplication in rnind, thts t rame presents a bcstcweapon for infantry use.
HEAVV SUPPORTA lorge box feed of betted. tumbling roundsreplcces t he ald magazine. and a downward·directed f lash suppressor and bipo d are f itted tothe end of t he bc rrel. A corrying hondle ts flxed tothe top of t h é frame for oid in loying down lorgeswct hes of suppresstve ftre.
GENERAL PURPOSE
NUTS &. BOLTS
To carry out its intended function, a robot wiii need toois that may or
may not be integral. The weapons t hat an offensive robot wi ii carry
can speak volumes about the robot's intentofunction and even
personality (in a specif ic sense of t he word). Far the sake of
fun ct ionality. a robot may be fitted to use interchangeable, modular
weapons, aiiowing for a wider range of application. These two pages
arti st wants far the of fensive robot. The foiiowing weapons are
intended for use by a hurncnoíd, moss-produced robot.
1::JVIILITARV ATTACHMENTS
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MI LI TAI'n ATTA CHM E N TS
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SwordsmanNot 011 wecpons need to be guns. In thrs sketch. thls combat
robot leons forworo, lef t ñst ogg re,ssively dcnched. right ftstgrasping o o long military sobre, ready to swinq. The best
way to drow uuthentic looking military weupons, and to ñnd
Intercstmq o spnotron, is to do resecrch by looking at
hrstorkol military styles in museums and bcoks.
It's f ine to mc ke astrange-Iooking gun,but t ry to keep itsfunctlon in mind.
A cercrnfc bayonet is off ixed to thefront of the shortened barrer, and afolding stock can dramatically shortenthe overol! length of therifl e when needed.
Thrs would be usedby a IIthe robot t hatneeds to moveswift ly on the ñeld .
The smollest of 0 11t he vcncnts, th eshort borrel mecnsit is only useful fcrclose f¡ring.
CQI3/SECURITVThis version has been rechambered for pistolrounds, and t he barrer has been drast icallyshortened. A slanted foregrip has been ínstalledt o control clfmb. and a sliding stock has beenf itted (seen unextended here). Thts version ofthe weapon would be used with concealment inmind for cíose-qucrters security roles or for useby robotic tank and ortillery crews.
I3LACI< OPSTh is rifle is for c1andestine and internat ionallyi!legal roles in osscssínctlon and hosttleterrttory reconnaissance. A large, baf f ledsound suppressor surrounds the shortened .bcrrel. The magazine ls an under-barrel heucclsystem housing SO rounds. A padded brasscatcher covers the ejectlon port. silencing t heaction of the chcmber and collecting bulletcasings to lessen forensic evidence.
PARATROOPER
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This section describes anddemonstrates how to draw andpaint 50 robots. The text andvisuals guide you through eachrobot's artistic construction,explaining different points alongthe way. You'll be told what therobot is, where and when it exists,and what it does. There are stepby-step sequences that let you seethe creative process, and eachrobot is broken into primitiveshapes, so you can see itsconstruction and easily recreateit yourself. Some basic robots areshown at the beginning of thissection. Start~with these.
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"'While stcbre. th is
rccot's leg contqcrcronsuggests I1"IOYefT'lent
might be djfficult.
ST OCI<V ROBOT
From 0 11 (Ing lesPlay up your visual oecrstons w hencreating your robot: lf you want ostocky. fat robot. then detcüs suchas short. lumpy leqs will odd t o theef fect ycu're looking tor.
... This design hasccrtooosn cenos intts postere.
... A jaunty pose and Q
s1ight smirk give thrs robottoo mudl of o cortoonishly
humon cborccter.
Variation sSimple robots allow fo r c:\, )o wide range of approaches tthat con be att empted ( (0ond disccrded quickly. -,Tbrs immediocycon result insome pleasantlyunexpected designs.
Parts of yourrobot . such os
~this visor, moy
~ be so simplethat they have
(Ji to be monuollyepereted.
_t'l .......
~ o "O"~-'- ~ ..~~. \}I l
r-;/:li:', '\J',: j.).... -o __ /
A good design shouldhove Q lct of chafOctereven when viewedtrom t he rearo
Mass-produced and
strueturally simple, sorne
robots are ereated only to
be easy to use, eost ettective
and rela tively disposable
These robots offer a great
opportunity for you to becorne
familiar with the fundamentals
of robot ar t Sparse detailing ,and a basie physiology, allow
you to develop a voeabulary of
. eor e techniques that will also
come m handy for ereatmg
more eomplex robots.
\.~"""Fo r a robotth is rotund,
C~;;;;:;;,¡;;;? ensure that the armsare long enough torecen oround ns girthl
A closed opening 01me terminoUon 01this l imb sU9gests adifferent Iuncñonwhen compored lot he ot her armo
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Th iSport ed extenstoncreutes (1 vacu um w ith int he visor t o ollow fordehcete funct ionsoccurring in t he hec d.
.... This sketch was produced with adramatically low viewpoint thal looksup at the robot from the ground.
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Thefeet n~widely screcd toeslo (lid in supportingthe stocky body.
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Desplte only hovingthree fingers, th is
rcbet's hands clO""~'~Y-:t'_7--:7~:;::~resemble (1 human 's.
Simple gra tingvisually givE!'$t his panel e napparentpurpose.
ROBOT FOUNO RY 8A5IC
MAll-DELlVERV 130TThe angle ond bend of the ormodd to the impr~sion of therobot being depicted in midstrlde.
The headcounterbctcncesthe moin eylinder.
The Emule con W(Ilkcemtc rtcbly onnptce and on on)'uneven surtcce.
The Ieet ore flotand sturdy t oprovlde support.
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Shading
3Try lo emphosile the shopeof the
object with crosshatching to moke it
oopccr more salid cnd t o give on
mdrccnon of the light source.
Outlining
21he crms are cimost superfluous,only
occaslOl1olly uscd for self ·righting erofer opening awkword qotes, It iS common tosee models without tte orms Iitted al all.
Streoming DGPS coordinatesensures efficie nt andcccurete navigation.
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Is bosically u cylrnder on legs. lo gel a recnsuctton ünd posture remember tbct th is robot
ns os a bumcnotd bipedal wtth un ique
ion
Baslc shapes
1The Emule WQS lntroduced in 2023 osun efficient means of coplrlg with ue
colossal amount af physical moil trct WQS
creoteo once everyone shopped soIe1yonnne. prepocked ct the SOf ting otñce. the
copsule rs secureo and secreo. giving
complete protection to its conteras.
The 'beak' is aetuallya prehensile(gripplng) digit faropening Iettemoll:l!S.
Renderlng
I. l he liap" sen fbasicully
weight d stnb
E MU L E ' A DI U V Q
5hoding
3Use tb c Atrbrush or Paintbrush too! in
your dig ital pOlntlng progromme (e.g.
Photoshop or Painter) to estobnsh volomes
quid ly. keeping in m ind a coostcnt light
source ond hght oeecrco. Thls can be done
on o seporote layer in block and white for
now - you con co'ccree the loyer in thenext slep.
Cylinclrical head. _
Coneent rote detai lingon oreas of rnterest .such os the tcce.nonds ond joints.
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l . "t hree maln vOlumes, ;\. Simplify honds ).
representlng ribcoge, f!t.'~ ond feet . ;:'=-f':.l.~~KtJsto moch ond pelvis . 7]
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Renderlng
4 C1ean up the s~p le shadi 9 from th e orevrous step.You con odd cóíour ot thí toqe (o s tle. desaturated
ccicur rs orerercue.so that 'h t' scots s h as eyes and
logos stand ou t more). Go ba with o so id brush to
tender oetcns ond estcbnsb cécr edges in u-e pointing.
Use tex t-wo.rpingtools in your paintingprogromme to créetelogos or lobels t hoteppeor to fo llow t heplo.ne of the surfoeeon which Jt'simprinted (se-e De<:olsand l ogas, p.20).
Outlining
2QUid:.ly sketch t he bcs« forms with o
light grey mcrker. Once you' re happy
wrth tre pose cnd propottions. you con go
bock over tbe morker with a pen or peneil to
ti ghten up the cctcns.
Ba sic sha pes
1Adiuvo rsa human-friendly domestiC
pescoci-cssstcnt robot. an odvonced
evolution of eor ly twenty-brst-century robot
toys t hot beqcn tbe «se of the robots.
This robot has a very simplified human
formol ile joi nts ore 011 boll or cyllnder jojnts.
dcpending on how the relevant bodyparts ore required to move.
PERSONALASSISTANT 130T
Use cctcur ond texturelo indieote dif ferent ,~-const ruet ion moteriolsdependent on th epcrt's fundion.
aa:RO BOT F O U N D R Y B ASr C
RDI3DTIC ZDD Bosic shop" arecylinders, sphe.esand ovats.
Arms depicted stockstra ight , being used asextra support..
Add hightight s andscratch ma.ks ta th eedges of the rabot'spanels te enhancethe mecnankal lookand for a feeli"9 afwecr and tecr.
Two indented circularpIotes are aligned on acurvt! that follows that ofthe torso.
Add yellow andblue overleys .
Outlining
2primorilY sphencol, the Monkcybot's curvcc
surtores are kept as a consutcnt theme
throughout trc designoA contrcst rs crectedwith angular s.egmentotion in sorne pcrts.
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Shading '
3Pclnt in the robot's bcsíc shcdows. .
Toenhonce the dynomism, two lig ht
soerces were used for thiS robot.
Basic shapes
1One of the m ore popular destqns
osee in robotic gladiatOfial fíght s, the
Mookeybot usesrts tese humanoid
structure to adapt effk lently in differing
com bot smcncos. I ts design also allows
human pilats ro tcke conuoí of tf-e robot
directly if needed,
Rendering
I. lay' down the t oste coiours: red and green are used
.. fa he bcs« undertone colcurs on thts robot becouse
they cr complementcry cnd will creote en ottractive
effect¡ gethe
MONKEYBOT . PAHS 58
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Elongated toeshelp t be robot staybolanced whenfirlng Its weapons.
~--'~_ _ Pick a " ght sourceand stick with rt.Consistent ..hadowsadd a feeling ofweight ond dept h.
This decal fol lows t hescme slant t hat canbe seen in t he conto urlines defining t his pcrt'ssurfoce planeo
This axis, along with the secondalY axis f urther down 9~~c',he crm. allows fO( a fu ll ral'lge of movement. /~,_\I
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Be coref ul how you usehighlight s. Too manyhighlights will mokethe PAHS 58 appear_ t or foke.
Ou tlini ng
2xeepyour sketch rough ond Iight. Th is
wil1 hclp you work quickly cnd mcke it
eosrer to erase the penen once you hove
inlted lile dE'5ign,
S;~~~ ~<_~ -I_ / ThiS top part of the alm;'--W /ts largel th an the rest ofth e limb becc use ithouses the mrssue 0015.
Shading
3Crecte a ccnsister ubercrchy
of h lghlights and shadows.The block shadows seen inslde
gun barreisond jaints can be Io.id
in ñrst os o reference pomt forotber shodes.
Rendering
4AVOid usmq o mult it ude of colours in your designo
A rncin scheme of two coícurs wlth one or
two accent colours works best.
Basic shapes
1This robot has a oroñle that leeosforward due to the extended cockpit .
The gun urrrrs and rossne bays are Situoted
further to the recr. wt1 ich c es balance. Thetrtplc-jomted Ieqs help it move smoothly
over rough terrain, allowing fcr both rural
and urban applications.
SUPPORT FIGHTER
ROBOT F OUNDRY BAsI e
The bag's cylinde,sore loid parolle l toeoch other to implythe moin directionof locomot ion.
The la rge sphericalhead functioos as ofocol point to 011th e oth~ pcrts ofthe robot.
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>:tI··"~" :", .~"l.~~Shadin9
3l0Yin sornedrcrnctrc full blocks
ro ccr as a touchpoint for cntreotber shading.
Rendering
l. Imply o vc nety f textures in your deslqn to show
" off an the mate clsused. Shiny oreas wi ll recd like
chrome. 910ss and ossyprcsuc. Dull or mott afeas will
convey c feeling of etal, doth and pain ted sortcces.
Outlining
2The rooot 's pose and oYefall
composmon tell íts story. Useexpressíve shoces and body postures.Tbrs robot tckes an aggressive pose and
appeors to be prepcnrq fOf nnrruncnt
engagement with en cremy
Pointy sho.pe5 implyo. very o.ggressiveatt itud e.
Basic shapes
1One of tre newest eotrcnts lo the
rccouc gladiotor arena, l his robot haspetceneo admirably cven in tre pratotype
pbcse. Its relatively simple suuctc re allows
rt te obsorb buqc cmounts of domage ond
su! mcmtcm prime tuncuons.
ROBOT lIIIAR5
PRO TOTYPE HOVE"R ROBOT ' F ATTYBOT
l
Cy1indrkolthrusters orelocoted Just cbcvethe stubby Iegs.
The head 15 notc mculcted and 15bosícally o bump
Shading protrud ing from the body.
3Once desct urcted, tbe blue peneiltextunnq mees wrth the sharper
cootoor üres, Dork-ccst shadows ond
highlights show the drrectíon of ~:='~,~the light. ~ .-,,"'-
The FoUybotis pr lmarily osphere wit h t wolong armsel\tending out.
The Fottybot ís givingchange t o a custom erresponsible for o verysmall ti p.
The gruff cppecrence andspikes appeal t o the typeof customer who wouldvaluntorily drink a live;, _----and kidney milkshake. ·
Bosic shopes
1The Fattybol is the carhop al a chain
of fly-in drrets run byon entrepreneur / -w'/who ccqceeo his fortune in the dogfood industry. Its bcsretbcü-stcoec
constnx ton suggesls fost foodrother than sporunq heolth.
Foundat ion
2Some of the penc¡j work here has
bcen used lo (feote an cmbenttextore on me scrfcce of the robotUse this 011 over to unify the appeoranee.
Ren der ing
4A ur uñed cctoor-scheme tres the whole deslgn together.Fadlng off certcm oorts of u g ives an c t mosphenc
oerscecuve that oros in the 'recocbuny ot the final designo
RDI3DTIC CARHDP
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11-: [:ROUOT r:OU NDR Y as s r c
HDVERING DRDIDThe wings complete o fu llshope thot's been broken intwo ploces by the londing gear.
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When o~led ñct,these ports wil1com plete the fullwing shope.
Render ing
l. Use mctcuc corours ond odd texturc
" Iayers to ccbreve more oetons. Dcn't use
too many colours. though. Push the volees
in order to gain contrast and crecte heavily
lit oreas that will bring out the Monto 's
shiny surfoce. Add oeccís lo fínish.
Prot rusions orekept horilontolond point ing inthe some directionos lhe intendedpoth of flighl .
Shading
3Shoding was done digilally in
Photoshop. After choosing the directiOOof light. toke o normal round brush, moke
scre to control the opodty with your grophic
pod.ond qUick!y point in the moin Ylodow
and Iight oreas. CIeon up the penei!
outlining, t oo.
The core ports of therobot form o centresection differentiotedfrom the wings.
Penelsllefl ush due tooerodynomiccensíderattcns.
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The communicotlonsorrcy rotctes ondret rc ct s mtc t he hull ofth e robot du ring flight.
A re inforced slruclurolune runs st rolghtt hrough the robot,possing lhrough t helonding geor joints.
Outl in ing
20 ut lining wos done in 2Bpendl
te glVC energy ond o textured
groio ro the unes. Thmkaboutmcchcnkct jomrs ond how thc
rñ tfercnt ports ore connected. Get the
pcrspecnve right befare moving on.
80sic shapes
1This hovering roontrrre suoeucoce bot
has o simple, natfishlike structure. In
tbe rext step you would just need to refine
and vory the srcoes in orcler to get more
complex scrtcces ond curves.
MANTA MILITARY I NC UR 5 I D N ROSOT
Sma lt detcñslike smoke conadd yisualexcitement.
The pelvis tsquite sma ll. Itreolly onl)'functions os ojoínt a nd houseshordly cny otherinte rnals.
lhe heed canopyclose ly pro tectst he rcbor'sapt ical sensc rsduring ccmbct•
EYery angle showshow the bulky armsdominate t he desig"ond post ule.
Two supportcan nons arefitted in tnecnest und. bl!ingintended farpolnt-blcnk use,hove a limitedrangeof ñre .
For tase of armrnovement, t he robet 's Qchest ls longer t han Itis wide.
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Outl ining
21hcfe ere meoy tecnoq uesyou con useto mokc en Irutlol sketch. Try alternot ing
between penen ond Iight grey mcrkers. Thelmes wil l be eosy te remove when you sccnyour inked drowing.
Shod ing
3Be sure to useO vcnety ct are
W(>ights when inking yourfinal drowmq. This helpsadd mterest ero givesmore voIume to youlshapes. Use a set ofdffereot-sced pensto seouenucuy bui ld
up your nneweight.
COMI3AT SPECIAlIST
Rendering
4 BeVelled edges tend to pick up more IIght and qtve youa good opportunny to add sorne highllghts. The jomts
are perfect plcces to odd rust ond grime.Tint mtcmclsnesto make them seem endoseo.
8asic shapes
1Fundamentally humanoid in stcce. t hjs
intelli(}enl foot sokírer shows mcny signsof itsclase physlcol-ccmbnt role. Jolnts und ~.....o:t[:;']limb segmentsare humnn-bosed. und theseshould be familiar lo on crust when WOfkingon this designo
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Add detcns so thateccn fecture of therobat looks fon ct lonolond bellevcble.
The recr of the gunextends further backthan the muzzleprotrudes (for aimingclecrcnce recscns).
The exhaust perts show fOfmore wecr than the othersecñcns of the robat, andslight evldence of emlsslonsteñs the viewer more oboutthelr funcUan.
The arm ls the anlyelement of the robat
Y'I that has a wide range¿of~ment.
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The pelvlc base pivotsYefy ntue. leoving therobct's posturestack st ralght.
Dutlin ing
2use a 20% grey·shade marker l o
sketch the robot 000 011 ee relevantcctoüs . OuUine with o O., fínehner . lo
give more emphasis to tbe voces.ccceotucte cenon lines cnd make thern
tt ncker wrth o O,S fineliner.
Text deccls such asnumbers wi ll glveadditional authe nt icity
te the robot~.:-__~"'~~
Basic shapes
1The simple underlying shapes or thcPrcdctor beue its htdden comorexmcs as
an tnñltrotor behmd cnemy Hnes.
ROOOT FOU NDR Y B A 5l C
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Rendering
I . l he sllghtest evocncc of piUing.
" weor d d'scororouon add anInvulucb ir of believabilityand
sonony to he robot designo
Shadlng
3Some elernentsor t fus rcoot are illuminated.
wtuch can crecte a shght ly strorqelm¡lfcsston ut the shod lng stoge.
"'1:1•
SPV HUNTER
PREDA TOR . WHEEl - E
I
The wneei.e botcon becom e socaked in det ritusduring work tha lthese wurning lightsspin and flash towarn farm workerswhen t he c1 umsyrobo t draws near.
The small antennais importont . so ítts induded in basicconstruetion. c.~+-:-:7'\
These Io.rgeinflated tyres witlleter be trecded.
This rcbot's shape isindicotive of its
~f:;~;::!(simPle role.
This antenna swivelsforward a nd is odually a:...~-:¡
highly sophisticoledalfactory sensory devke.
Outlinin9
2Simple cy1indef stcces ore used initially.
os the core of tne robot is intended to
rescrroieo bcs«waste receotcde.
Shading
3A"rbe exnc octcnsaredeveloped ot thr.i point cnd
Jaid on !he cese suuctorcr form
of the Icose-nne stccc.
Rendering
l.With the excepnon of warning líghts, this robot has
" a Simple, uuutcrtcn paint jcc. rte WhE'E'I·E bot's
desioners weren't too cencerreo with decorcuve
cestnencs os it won't win ony beouty awards ofter a
couple of days working en tbe fcrml
GARI3AGE D1SPOSAL
Basic sha pes
1The Wheel·E bot resemblcs a trcsh can
on wheels, It is used primorily in O
jani torial ro íe on foctory furrns. Trune!hng
olong on ns sturdy tractor wheels. it shoveIsfood umt by-products into ns hinged wcste
drsposol container wh ich 0150 doublcsas
o garborator.
The geomet rie eonsl ructiollshows tlle gellerol shapeon<! the balance betweenlegs and moin body.
Shoding
3 Block out general shapes wñhmonocbromonc tones, then erase
tfus shape und stcrt to define the desrqnaf your robot.
_ ----- Greenbot is made of composite0',0-: recyded plostiu Ofl on oluminum
frome. All the compon(!flts forobseorvat ion, navigation,ccmrnenícet jon on<! ol1Qlysis oreplace<! inside tne body.
Blocking in
2Now that you understand the
skeíeton, il 's ecsy to block in thesbcces one! start to outline. If you don'tfeel seccre. 90 Io- the vcnes wtth grey
torés. You can point over the shaded
imoge later using new loyers.
Tbe qecmetry o, thisrobot is fairly simple.With simple blocksyou eOIl un<!erstondhow the elementsore connected.
Rendering
l. Because digital images can look too
..neat, thin k about usmq textures and
customrzcc brushes in Photoshop. Add
sornetextures over your actual pcmnnqusing Overlay, Sott Lighl Of Color Dodge.
lo finariZ€' )'OUr image, cast a stodow on
tre ground sorfcce.
ROB OT FOU ND RY BA 5I C
NATURAL lAIDNDER
80sic shopes
1The company Chanzon Irdusmes
introduced thrs cmb-shnped protot ype
in 201 2. Its m ission covers o full ronge of
nctlonol park sorveucnce from l he peles to
tbc eqcctor. helping to preo« t the
bebovocrs of migraling erectoresOS tre ice
caps melt.
This robot oct uollywolks 0 11 us knuckles,using ib extendeddigi ts for d imbingand environmentolinteroet ion,
GR EE NBOT . 5 ENTI NEL
~./f)
The Iegs cceoect t o t nrscent ral section=the heodond lower container bronch
~ off from this pcrt as well.
• '"'L-"<;,
This hl'Od portian willappear t o M split inthe more developedpbcse but wlll still(onfOfm to th isbcslc shape. IT-,
Rendering
4ThiSrobot has a militaryfuncllon. so drob ohve 9le<'llS
ore appropriote. However. n's ecsy
lo chorqe the cotour onytime
unlike the onccnoo of light.
Slicking wi th your choice ot
light soorce is crucial ot
the finishlng stoqe.
•\
Shading
3 l ight source c tfects the whole looIl. o f
tbe oc t cre. The test way to odd~o~ cnd coloor in Photoshop is te moke
o duplicate lnyc r. of the line drawing ond
work 00 tbe lnyer beneoth.
Keep in mind thotboth shodows andcolours behovedifferently onflot 01 foundsu-reces.
The body ane!Ieqs of t his robatOfe bilotefollysymmet ricol to theax is of balance.
Add dirt DI"
rust to moket he Sent inellook used.
Outlining _ _ ': ~ I
2En,arge the pícture ro the desíreo final ( • (;~I \resorunoo, A11the loes WlII be a IIUIe ( -
blurry 000 pceicteo. so n's necesscry l o ( J. ~.) _ :_ mcke tr e drawlng ctccr«. Enlmge the ~~ I •
~.'l ",,:! prcture on the moni tor te play with (..:::-~ ~J ?:n,/' tre detcils.
, ~J7'::~
Basic sha pes
1The robot rs dcsíqned to perfomhigh·risk ooectoos in hor~ terreo,
It uses contemporory technology. butthe 1001. of the robot rs re!atively simple.
pnmmve and c1umsy.
Your VQrious colouftones ane! Uladowswill ereete a realfeeling of the depthin the picture.
HIGH-RISI< ROBOT
ROBOT FOUNORY BA 5l C
Tria nglesadd strengthto a n image. "',-¡<_~
Crosshatching
3Use crosshotching cnd shading to
«íerrtífy whieh drrecton the light iscon urq from. By giving the rcts and bolts o
daf l:'. octnre. the robot qets Q Yefy
functionot, indU'ill iol, worn 1001:'..
cr¿t=~~~~=:::;' Each see::tion ofthe body con turnindependen tly 01the etneo.
Colour paletteI. Acoloor-scheme with brightly
" controsting cotours reveots Hie Doorosthe oornesuc servcot he is. Any semblonce
of hts industrial post ls wiped 01'.' y by thesecheery tones.
[
Squashed squaresdefine squot stcrure.
• • •
Freehand approach
2A11the underlying shcpes of thisooresuc friend ore drown freehond.
This meces tbe robot seem well-used
ond friendly.
Simple cylindershape'5 oreeCl$y ta druw.
DOGIIIJAlI(ER DELUX
Contains rec;ordings ofthe dog owners vetee.
Ba sic sha pes
1The initlal bcsic veces of boxes.
tnonqles and endes are still cpporentin the finiShed design. A third wh<:'eI i$
Includcd on a flexible nrro. adding
balance, and the simplificd pince. torostotrer enhonce the nonhuman shcpe.
Dodi wc s discont inuedbeccuse of dog leoshtangling ccnceens.
-0001 , 8RA 1 NtJUI
Arms are heldout somewhat.
Renderingl. Used in a more pub lic and ceremonial
" role, thls robot can hove un eye-cotcturqcnd purposcfully oocorouvc colour scheme.
The cnsnncuve red stor and numbering
decols hove been opplied to com plete the
tbeme (see Deccís ond Logos. p. 20) .
The curvedoes notcontinué tothe bcck.
Shading
350me of the internals are in danger of
getting visoclly muddied at thls stage.
Differenttute the orgonic from the metal by
usmq scocrcrc hueso rece thc bmm's
shading dcncctc.
Developmentalreact ive armoursnctters outwordson bcllts tic tmpccts.
Out lining
2A" of the nrrnour rs bulbous onc curvedso keep the unes sinuous oro ñowmq,
Don 't worry about shoding. Your focus at
this stage sboulc be fc rrn and texture.
The ormcuredcurve of theupper body rs
ddliO<li".2: .
The rece plute opensto reveol moreprecise opucc tequipment for long,ronqe oetec ucn ondengogement .
,
Bosic shapes
1Sorne highly dccorctco sororers of thcIntcrspoce Army who've suñcrcd
dcbilitoting m ut ilotion con owo ken to ñnd
thernselves interred in robotic shells. The robot's
stcnce is wide, stob le and stiff, and its arms are
elongated to com pensote for lim ited agility. The
profüe rs brutish ond hunc hed
PROSTHeTICCOM M ANDO
I
... The bIoded bockexteoson ts useful for
felling eoeraes whoattod:: from behind.
, .
from all onglesDrcw the figure from several angles
while you fine-tune its de5ign.
/
Deve loplng IdeasOne of tne prilTlOlY thingsto coosrder 0 1'1 ttus typeot robot rs its weapons.Mllitory robots wil l often
hove integrolweoponry:chonging tbem may ctfect
enure limbs.or even thewhole robot itsetf.
DN THE lIIIARPATH
.... This military robot's
pose is determined.
... I he gun is primed. ormsteody, recoy to fire.
_ ) In th is side view,
""';!'::":'':-'': tonk treadst' ...;--- replace lile legs.
In this leer 5hot. I\".~~"'"t he major backprotrusion hasbeen left off.
In th is versrcn.the arm rs th lck andpowerful for ctcse combot.
Fashioned to put an end topeace , these robots have been
applied to the lamentable
cause of perpetual destruchon
and hor ror Asimov's first law
of robotics didn 't even get a
second thought. Militaryrobots have a disttnct attitude
and appearance, their purpose
cl early evident. Sorne rnayhave t ruck, defensíve armour,
. while others may have only
thín shields to allow for ease
of movement. All, however,will be blessed with aggr essive
tendencies.
•
•
')I--y)l
/
"
The muule oft his mouth guncon retraet forimmedioteliquid coolinq.
"' Thls heavlly armouredversten was the deslg" theortist chose to toke fart her.
The or m connon is (t he moio wecpono, the robot.
ASIMOV'S FIRST L'::'A~W:-----'A robot may nct ¡njure a human beingthrough lnccncn, allow a human be!n,' ;r,come to harm. o
"'This small , orticu lotedt urret raiws the roOOt 'sVlSlbil it)' ond hos rts ownjcw-ccnbre armamento
..Heel extensscnsoíd stability.
Enlargecl stxshot revolveroffilled tosobre Olm•
Adaptotionof (1 cavo.lrysobre fo rslicing 0\ footsold iers frcman elevotedpas ilion.
Series of odjustobleol'ld interchoogeabletetesccpe Ienses.
seeALSOOrawingandReseafch, p.10Rendering Moterials
p.18Develop;ng YoorIdeos, p.26
Th is norrow((lonon ís ¡"tendedos o one-shot,d isposable weoponthot splits apeoond ISdrsccrdedofter firi ng.
Ornate Qnd functional
Thefe Ole two orsuoct design styes inttns rooot: the amate and oecoctee
crrrour and gilding. and l ile morefunctional·looldng stco rrers ondboacrs. I be industfial pcrts functionmore as a stncturcr ( ore. wit h the more
orrotc ercnents oding os on urmoured,
oecorcucc shcll.
•-e
Forward wheel·orms used(1 5 ba se when the robotsatttes Intc firing posture .
Steom-age robotBeing stecm powered, th rs robot reeossorne recoqoecbe Signsof ns power SO\J(ce- such as this woodeo.tcoseo k>ver, andgauges fOf cssessmq ¡memolpressures.
•
RO BO T F Q U NO ln MI Ll TA RY
Designed by engineerI sambar d Kingdom Brunel
himself, the Brass Lion was a
marvel even at the height of the
Br ítish I ndustrial Revolution .
The robot achievedínternational fame when a
single Br ass Lion saved the
char ge of the Light Bri gade in
the Crimean War by smashing
into the Czaríst artillery
position . It waseventually felled,
but not before
burstíng open and
spravmq íts attackers
with boilíng water
.--- ...- -
BR A5 S LION
1
... Metallic huesMony differing metolhe hues are useobee. varying th10Ugh greys. b1ues. greens.
yellows ond reds, Ihen shine ond tenore ore
what indieate then metcürc cor strucuonond not their colour.
The splosh ofreteese red Int he plumoge lson ostentotious'period ' touchte t he designo
Frontal v iew
2Thc mcm shape of tbe torso ond heod
olmost converge into one lorge shupe inthe front view.
Axis of balance
3The whole body proñle curves to allow
the cxrs of bcicocc to run throogh the
middle. (Assume lile central steam Cf19IOC rs
heovy enough to prevent the connon homoverbolancing the robo t.)
D\\,I
'. ")
Nnder O rchestro,lmost
loee. -
3I I
.,."
th the«,,",,,,"'0110
h oth
er, so t he rr.. fl~thly.
~
. ~Bo* --' ..'.'00'cylin0"9'poro~<
2
Oorken t he internolworkings seen inthe chinks of thethigh ormour.
None of t:he partsTis squared off inrelation to eoch
0'""'"smoo
Slim but st ro og
1The key conoecnon point In tbrs designis where th e cbest rncets t he bclly, und
it must be shm for monoeuvrobili ty but strllrermm stloog looking.
... Distinct shading
_ Dis~inct ond strorq shoding is necesscry on
the dominont cyhnders in the designoComplement orcos of high detall with stork
oreas of shoding.
Note how thesobre orm bend§outwords to offer
cjecrcnce from ---- -)1;'"the t hick thiqhs.
Victorian inspirationsSurprisingty. a lot of the design rs osmuch inffuenced by Victorian Brit ishfu rniture as It ts by steam engines.When dea ling wit h such eloboroteornamentaban, even greater carehas to be token to atlow the limbscnd moving ports t o fu nction f reely cfeach other.
AII the coqs, wheelsond qecrs must bet hought throughoncl deñeedcompletely ott his stage oft he ortwork.
.. Plume detailingzerrembe to use sorne jcose ccrotuoes to
add tbe ñbres of tre p1ume and l o « ecresorne dentfnq ond rouqtmess to the thlqh's
brass plating.
RenderingMateria/s. p.18Decalsand Lagos.p.20Joint s andMovement, p.30
see- ALSO_
Ston<!(ud-tonk·issueentrenching toolsane! tarpaulin.
Cannon t ermina tes in atightened mu zzle-breukthat employ5 (1 'Gerlich'e nureccn designo
Presence and streng t h
For lorgCf t han (he other MBWs. the
Ponzerfluch design reecs to corwcy ns gleolsu e and preserce. Mony eements hove
been ccrvabcuzed from genuinc Germon
tc ms of the penod. such os the dislinclivecsrousts and pcmt job.
Hatch Ieods t osmoll compartmentfO( a singleSI,IlVC!lllon<:e andcommunkationscr_man.
bhoust pl~from engine.
..
Clamp used osself-rlqht e r ondto ca rry ext ra loadso( equlpment.
ROUOT FO U NOR Y MI LITARY
Details and accessoriesHotch oetcas cnd coweonoocrtonkcccessoocs odd lo tne ucbness of thec\esign. HoweIfer. ensure thct tbese oetcas
are corefully seected cnd odd lo me overcnimpressiOn o f the robot without c1uttering or
muddling us plOfilc.
The Third Reich's answer to the Briti sh MBW
(Main Battlefield Weapon) is fully committed to an
antiarmour role . Loud and lumbering, this
monster crashes through the
undergrowth, its presence
instilling dread in enemy
tank cr ews Eventually
its lack of speed and
manoeuvrability,
however, made it
much too vulnerable
to antitank infantry
IIl=11
P ANZERFLUCH AUSF G
--'., - =ilThe a~ ¡s of balance
must stmne evenly Ibetween the legsdur ing st mightmovements. ,....__-¡
2
Ihe 9un ts posttlonedparallel to tbe torsoduring movernent.
The hl!(]d is ser far (~~~~:forward on thetcoc. creoting ahunched effect.
Armoured guncarrierPrtmcruy rectangular, thi s robothas a limi ted range of limbmovement. It's stulfundamentaJly a tank, nomatter how anthropomorphicth e design becomes, whichmeans the ent ire desrqn shouldservice the most importantcomponent: th e gun. Etementssuch as th e distinctive gridarmour-plat ing are repected '-Vin sectrcns across the frontpart of th e robot.
Intent pose
1Anothef qcod excrnplc
ot a robot rrK:lVing with
a tipped cxrs of balance
(in toe dírecncn ofíts mosernent).
Low-slung power
2Note how low the
i rees ore, shortening
tbe stllns orcrrottcoüy.
Lean and m ean
3l ile lower torso cndpclvis are Quite thin
ond conto in minimol
internol parts.
The deeals aresimply looselypainted cddjtjvecctcur (direct lyappl ied. not glazedl.
..Shini ng joint s
Notc how certcm cyhndrical joots OIC
recevirq e slighUy different shading
treotment due te being poIished metal (~
ccccsec te roughened armour·plaung).
Noti ce how thearmour's grid potternbecomes far lessdam inant in theshoded versícn.
... Green and grey
Muc:h of the grey metal in thiS
robot iS octuolty Quite green; tt only
oppeorsdesaturoted becccse ot nsproxírmty to the strooq yenowsor tbe paint jobo
... Details and light in g
Areos of high oetcn will otten begln teoppecr dcrker than the resr of the robot
(when you octuolly moy want them
to be hghtef or sninief ). Dco'tWOlry about tms, as rt will be
oddressed in later stoges.
ROBOT F OUN O R V MILITA R Y
Rendering
materia/s, p.18
Bits and Widgets,p.32Attachments andEmbellishments,
p.3-4
see- - "'IAlSO_ .......
Plated shielding toprctect loading creesfrom shrop" el.
~- Feet f itted wit h skiundercarriage for usein snowy conditions.
194mm field gUIl fed withaOkg high·ex plosive shens.
secwcrcws clampdown duri ng firingto prevent therobot from shif t ingwith recoil.
Elaborote munlebreak helps minimizerecoíl (whkh wouldctherwtse shcke tnerobot aport)o
Real·life inspiration
As well os the Soviet tank deccls. oetcus like
tbe wees that ccooect tre heodlights lo O
hidden bottery ore cocpted from reol 19405
reteeoces. g1eoncd from World Wor 11
history bocas,
Churned out of Soviet factories with the initial
intent of recaptu ri ng Stalingrad, the Medveds
tore a path through the German Panzer
divisions in the great armoured conflicts at
Kursk, in July 1943. A wartime expedient, the
Medved was just as temperamental as previous
generations of battlefield robot but still shone
when pitted against Ger man mechanized troops.
•
Russian becr
The Medved CCHJId be
describedas o rooonc becrcarrying an art illery píece on ns bock.
Anim alist ic touchcs hove been wcrked mto
tbe deslqn, g iving the hecd something of a
sr-out. and using fixtures such as tne dcws,wOich make üs feet roseroie pows.
M E D VE D P R D D U C T I ON TYP E
oecen such as t heintensely red stcr conreolly aUroct the eye.so be carefu l whereyou place it .
3
Extended reochrs more important inthis designoLike n'IOny "'1=Warld Wor 11 robots.t he entire structure lsa lmost completelyrectangula r.
Boxlike body
2The body af thts robot is qete squored
off ond could even hove been ada pled
from a corwennoncl tonk.
Within t he plonor shoding,opply some metallictexturing on t he a rmourtsepcrcte tt ¡nto t wo stages).
.... Strong shadingUse vcry boId planar shading . With so much
going on in the design , sha ding ts key tovísuouy sepcrcurq the legs from the body.
Note t~ dist inctshope OM posturedifference opparent intbe fore ond oft leqs.
The becr's muzzle
3The cytinder of tre gun borre! tapers
towcrcs the end until tt omves ot themwzíe-tneck.
.. A Russian winter
AA 'crcuc ' point job has been opplied here
(escept of ccorse te tne octual gun barre».
ond tbe cotne robot has beenhqhtened.
but as the paint Job has been additivclyglazed. lhe underlying shading is
fundClmentolly unchanged.
Weight di stribution
1A huge amount of weqht iS drstnootedIn tbe recr of tbe robot. and the a xiS of
balance is plcced quite clase te the recr.
The forword-tiltingheod ma kes ít look
under ns brow.
... Angles ond curves
The linework rs corroosec from mony
ho rd cncios a nd tight curves, so keepeverything light ond be careful as you
drow it. rbot scnd, s1ight flaws, o;uch as
oents and scutfmar\s, are good things
to include.
The nvets ond srnall deto ilsalmost c1uUer the pece ctthis stcqe. so t hey' lI need tobe knocked bock in loter wc rk.
Powerful ollyThe deo;ign iS of o quodrupedal
robot whose fUfl(too is to trudge
uround ond fire the huge gun
mounted o n its bcck. Keep the front
hcovily armoured 000 bcrc of overly
exposed jomts and details íthls is
tte rrost hkely target in bcttle). The
back leqs hove boen given a shgh t
mcreose in stze. ccmplexrty and
strenqtb beccose tbcy hove roabsorb the gun's recen as well as
carry a recver load than tre frant
of t he robot.
•
DrawingandR~rch. p.l0Artist ic Rendering.
p.16
RenderingMateria/s, p.18
see- - '"ALSO_ ......
Sma llgos ccntsters on the,ide emit Q smokescreent hct gives t he Needleencuqh t ime lo f ire ondself-destruct in the eventof lts discovery.
Hig hly occommodating ba!ond frome allow new cruísemissiles lo be retrofitted fause in t he Needfe.
"Plating ond lineworkThe s1ightJy coveo plating of the
crtfculnted. robonc secucns offersan attract ive contrast to the moreumcusnc and purposefulhneworkof the missile.
¡"it ial {orgeting se nsorpolnts t he ta rget with amorker, ond then f~ds lhisinformation lo tne creísemesue's internol guidoncesystem before firing .
Forefeet con functionos cppeseble dig;t,far easy acens tehi!lh va ntoge points,even allowing theNeedte to d imb ueesand bu ilding, .
Do no t worry toomuch nbout textu relospects ot this point;the diffffencebetween the robotond tne missile conbe made moreapporent at theloter stages.
ROB OT FOUN ORY MI LI TA RY
'.
Functlon dictates fo rmAt tni~ poínt the robotlc form Is nttle morethon a support treme for tbe Guise rmssüe.Simplífying the robonc pcrts in thts oreohelps the yiewef uroerstcrd that the rrussdeand robot are twoseporc te entnes,
The Needle is an evolution of
the guided cruise míssile. Once it
has been deployed behind enemy
lines by sea or by HALO
airdrop, the Needle advances
on a1l four s to an optímal vantage
point, whose coordinates ar e
continuously fed to the robot by
sate1lite tracking . As soon as
it has arrived at its destination
the Needle becomes dor mant,
concealíng itself untíl the
designated target comes
wíthín range, at whích point
the cruise míssile lau nches
and th e exoskele ton detonates
to keep the technology out
of enemy hands.
·_=1.:
TAS - 21 N E E D L E
l , .•- ...-,r ' . ...-...... ~'j
3
2
1
--
<1= Note how mlKh Iongert he back Iegs are t hanthe forelegs (to enablefrog-like Ieoping).
<;= The limbs a re notpcrntlel t o the body, buthave a more nat ural,v-shoped sprecd.
The miss ile ls tdted
1sllghtly upwords (fora degree of decrcncewhen firing).
I O
... Emphosis through paintto emphcslze the seocrcuo al robouc treme ond
crulse mrssüe, opply dítferen tirt. A dlfference in thepOIntwork's reñecuveness indi tes tho t the rmssne 15
of a dítferent materia l from h robot's ploting.
Even though therobot k ports a reo silvery white,indude o touch ofambien t colour.
Leg st ruct ures
2The structure and jointing of the legsere vtrtuclly jdentxol at the recr and to
tbe to e. but the proocruoes are dñferent.
The weapon is keyThe robot's core is the cylindricolmrssue. which mokes on exceuent baseto work w it h o t thts stoge. Being a
quadru ped. the robot g ives the artist
axis of bala nce.
Firing fundion
3 In reohty. the recr end would beonopen chamel wrth no obstructlOnS
(for reccaess f lring of tbe missile).
Weight di spersol
1Note that the robot rs plaeing moreweight on tts recr Icgs than on
it s forc fcct.
'" A distinct formAgain, tightcn up on the shoding ot thermssne. A dutmct. cynndnco! form rs key tomoking the design work.
Use co n t rost hereYour design sllould moke obvious rne foetthat the robot iS nothing more than a
sophiStieated delivery system for nspoylood. The rmssne rs the coreond tf-erobot iS OOilt around it - not obscuring It,
OOt IOthet" drawing qrecter ottentior'l tothe miSSile through contrcst.
•,
Ploted skirt protectsshc ulder joints ondollows for quickservicing.
Drawing and
Research, p.10Rendering
Mareria/s, p.18}oinls and
Movement, p.3D
seeALSO
Extll?mely lorgeforeorms esed foradded stabi lity nndfor breachinq woll sand bcmccdes inurban environment s.
City deploymentA mobHe AA (ontiairaaf t)
vehiele is thc ccss of
this rcoot. coo tbe rcstof the design has beendeveloped from thct
stOl ting poeu. Slnce ü's used inurban suucnons. enlcrqed foreorms
hove bccn cddcd for mterocnon wtth
its envnonmcnt.
• •
ROBOT F OU N O R Y M I LI TA RY
Enemy in sight '.,Thefecd is ñtted with two main .$ighti ng
systems: forword and upword.The fmword sight is more rornplex
end telescopic ro bcucr jocote
weu-corcecieo snrper posmons.
Brought late into the war by the Americans
and first deployed from the landing eraft on the
Normandy beaches, this robot benefited fr om a
design already tested by Se'off~,35mm ""ondo"flak oonnons. sighting s)"Stem
vear s of application in war. o'modo" h.sky for onont ioircraft role.
Originally intended to
fulfill an antiaircraft rol e ,the Hausen was found to be
an invaluable aid in the urban
combat taking place on the
long road to Berlin .
Its four guns proved to
be a boon to Alliedtroops, with theability
to lay down a withering
curtain of lead to tear
through sniperroosts.
M 2 4 H A U S EN
The shins hovebeen kept shcrtfOf consistency.
The orms ond'egs sprecdoutwords in oslight v-shepeond ore notporallel tot he tOI'5O.
1
Tanks for the memoryAngular and boxy. thts robotbes to look like on extenstonof on exist ing World War IItonk. Small elements andbosic shopes hove been liftedfrom real tonk designs for usein the robot. Agoin, symmet ryis key. ond o vehiculor feelingshould be mointained in thislorge robot.
Axis power
1The ox~ ot balance isstatteo forwcrdsas the
robot rs rE:'stin g sorne ot aswelqht en nscrms,
Torso balance
2The Uppe1" torsoexteods widelyoutwords
but isstrll balancee! on ns
lower torso.
Centre of gravity
3The Iegs ore constontly
bowed to bung the
centre of gravi ty lower terimproved stcbnny.
I
loy down more linethan you need - youcon alwuy5 erase iton t he cornputer jfyou 've overdone it.
... Tight IineworkKeep the Iinework tight er e qeometnc, butwñhm that constraint remember thot a
degree of weoUleling ond ruggednessshould clso playa part.
... Plone chongesEvery time a change of pleno occurs, thesbode should differ to indicate it, UseIighter highlights oround tbe eoqes of
sepcrote plores.
l ay the texnrre inst rong fOf u-esetypes of heovily~thered robots.
... Comoufloge style
A sondy paint job has becn oponed he c tooomoufloge tbe robot in Oleas of dusty
bfick nnrs.
The decals orekept uniformlywhite to ccntrcstwith the darkerpoint jobo
Campoct prof ileereseots thesmo.llest possíbtetorget forenemy Itre.
Humonlike limbsfocilitol e the useofenemy we<lponrywhen deployedbehind enemy uees,
Life Is Yoof Paletre.p.21Atrachments andEmbellishments,p.34Mili tary
Atrachments. p.36
seeALSO
~-
Insect meet s ManSinewy ero bowed. the OGUS ls primarily a
predotor. l ile robot Is jntended fcr steolthy
ooecucrs and is cosed occordingly in dull.
rrctte. bcürsuc pestes tfot deflect seoso's,
lts rrux of osectme corapoce and humonoid
mcscie- torms ts offse t by hurd-edqcdnddülons. such as its equipment
comportments. Think of the OGUSos
~SCfltially on insect ile humanoid tbctfuncti0n5 in a similar way te a humon soIdier.
Mortor fot bunkerpenetrotion.
l ong, thin, highlyflexible neck ollowsfor excellent visibility .
Modulor.lood·beo,ringpocks for ~uipment.
ROB OT F OUNO RY MILl TARY
The OGUS has become an
indispensable asset to the
military for ces of all Category One
nations . A hybrid of mechanical
parts and specially tailo red,
silicone-based, organiccom ponents , th e robots of the
OGUS series have attained a
battlefield st rength superior to
anythmg a conventional human
soldier could muster Although
expensive to build, maintenance is
simple the OGUS ser ies is
primari1y self-healing . All
models are meat-eaters power ed
by methane, the by- product of
processing organic matter
Worming int o its consciousnessl he staring rece rs scroennne. anne lidic
seqmented ond wormlike - ond sJighUy
disturblllg in cooecrcrce. I f-c rotci'ssensor Ofray can detect numeroussubstances. trace ciements or signsof Iife,
sui::h as the fr ightcned breoth of o human
soldier. vehicJc exhoust. and even thewarmth qenercteo by bacteria. thc posebleevidence of a human orescrce.
ORGANIC GE NERAL-USE S O l D I E R
oEvery elementin t his rcbct'sdesign cppeorselongated. ~
2
The angle of thebock·mountedmortor rsstightlyoffse t fromt he torso.
TM OllÍS runsdown t he spineand t hroughthe Ieg.
Classical poseNo te t hc t the OGUS d epicted
ts in a 'contrcpposto', orcounterpotse posttton.m eon ing he is standing in o
relo xed. dcssícc t sto nce w ith DI_h is weight o n one le<). Stotues
in museums o re greot
references tor your robots. or ~~~course. these cJossical ~
opplicotions a re oda pted a ndmodtñed for t he OGUS's
un iq ue cnotorruccl structure. 1
Balance
1recte how dntercnt ports
balance themsclves
around the axis. The mortar
serves to compensate fOl the
loog rifle.
Sum af lts parts
2ThOU9h thrs mostrcttonrepresente thc overol!
structu re. remem ber thatthe ¡ndividual parts curve
Signi ficantty.
Keeping a low prcflle
3 Thc robot slouches toreduce its proñle.
The shading rsuniformly heavybut epoeeesdOlkest on themetals afthe gun.
... Mixing it upThis robot rs a mixture of desiqn ocsthetics,
so rcm ember to intermingle tbe organic
curves among the angular clemeots. Ihewcopomy stcnds out boldly in l ile Iinework.
I nterconnect ingccrcpece secncnswecve into andover the muscJes.
A Defining with bnesOork and sepentoe. the shadrng should
conform to trc design of tbe robot.
Remember to hold back on the bnqht
highlights in OIder to momtcio the robot 's
cboroctensuc rnctte hmsh .
... Organic versus m etall icEmphnstze the cootrust betwccn the
orqcnic cnd tbe metclnc. Sharp highlights
draw cttennon to the glowing lensesond
tnc glin UrM] metol.
Green shellingmixes wi th pinkmusculatu re.
Heavily ormoureddrum, conto ll'ling cousof 32mm bett -tedammuni tion.
seeAlSO_Artistic Rendering.
p.16Rendering
Materials. p.18Attachments andEmbellishments,
p.34
5AM bay forprotection fromnttnck hel icopt e rs.
Rubber trecds t o - reduce damoge donet o city st reet s.
liquid-eooled.32mm Vuleon usedin on ont imote1iolfcnt ícrmcur role.
Mochine OfWOf
The Anvil rs Q ronventionol militury robot
and should. treretore. give the impressionof funcli on over formo Rectangular and
c1unky, tbc Anvil rs lntended to scok upvron-cnns file. Thrs robot 's IocomolioniSentire/y tor st roteq k pIocement rorevosive manoeuvres.
Dome-mounted11mm machinegun rs ¡ntendedfor close-quarter,ontipersonnel roles. _ _ --'
Dedkc ted sight ingsyst ems mou nted onVulcon armo
ROSOT F O U N O R Y M ILIT AR Y
G"One of tbe focal comts of the desíqn 15thehuge Vukan trct thc Anvil i$ coreo with.aee wecon see where the seeneoteo. furlycocered arnmunition belt rs red into ue
etcrroer. This ummc chain dropes bcck to
tt e feeding orm cnd thcn mto the huge
drum cerned on tbe robot's bcck.
A walking tank, the Anvil fills a semistationary
armour role. Extremely vulnerable to attack
helicopters, the Anvil is prirnerilv used for 'hold
and defend' campaigns and military occupations.
The Anvil is efficient and intimidati ng, makmg it
perfect for keeping down insurgencies; however,
fríendly fire incidents are common, leaving it
dreaded by friend and foe alike.
••11
H [ PH A ESTU S' A N VI L
IIThe dorsal shcpenel!'<!s enoughroom ta housetwo rt usstles,
The gun cylinderextends quitefar boc:k. Itísn't all bonet,
21The abdomen andpelvis are less heovllyarmoured to ollow lorpivotol movemen t.
On solid groundEven when j o int crtrculcncn
becomes obscured by b locky
armouring, il remcmsrmportcnt . The Anvrl's legs
hove extended feet
resem bling those of a horse o r
goa l. Beccuse the ro bot rsvery lcrqe, expended feet are
essenncl for stobutty.
Bloc:klike elements
1The forro io; b1ocky, SOmuch of the fee! of tf-e
deslgn will be dedded in
thcse stojcs.
I nhuman const ru cn en
2Note the dio;tirKtiYe
jOintn19 of tbe Iegs and
how thcy differ from trose
of a humon.
Gun placement
3The gun orteo c deqreeof bccrce fOl the huge
drum ot ammo.
The surface is plated,but not with inse<:t ilesegments. Keep it t omore convent lonol, ~<:)1tonklike ormour. '7
... Bo lonclng abjectlves
Chunky ond angular hke o tonk, thtsrobot is composed of suü recognilable
pnrrutwes, However. curved scrfuces will
reüect proj<'ctiles well 000 con absorb
more punishment. Maintain a tccoce
between me two.
The shading rstWO'dimensionolond sharp.
.... lhe right toneEvery t ime a sotcce plane changes. thetone you use should change occOldingly.Again, shinier meten - os on tbe qons -.
will reflect lighl di ffC'Jenlly frc rn Ihe
pomted crrnour.
'f M ilitary ga rb
Drab military coiocrsare the prime scnerefOl the Anvi1. Cooíer gunmctal greys offset
lhe worrrer body coce-s, Occcsooot spIoshcs
of warning reos liven up the point jobo
Spice it up a little ilyou need to - youwant it to look IIke amilitary robot but nott oo reoli sUcolly drcb.
Rendering
Materials, p.18Atrachments and
Embellishments,
p.34Milirary
Atrachments. p.36
seeALSO_ ....
Conceptualizing the ro bot
Good rcfereoce rs invaluable far tte robots
from tbrs era.ond o wecrtn of m ihtary
equipmcnl wos uscd by the oust fOfmsoncnon. Orqonk curveshad no
place in tbrs designoas cverything rs
hard edged 000 utilitarian. A
wcm weothered Iook WOS clsorequlred. so the illustration
sooolon't be too deco.
light machine·gun mount ingfor a cla se quartersant ipersonnel role. ~
legs ore plogued withprob~; an escort a lwaysaeeompanies wit h sporeparts ond repcsr andma intena nee engineers.
Hatch place<! onrototing hend. _
ArmjoinU ccveredin a jacket t opeeeent ttleelements fromfouling ope:rat ion.
Modulor clomp hondsfor mult iple weo.ponmounting options.
ROBO T FO U N O R Y MI Ll TA R Y
First introduced in the European Theatre of
War in 194 3, th e MK1 cha nged the battl efield
As unreliable and temperamental as the
first tanks in World War r, the MK1 still functioned
as an incrediblv versatile, all -purpose weapon This
model is fitted with
a 1D Smm Howitzer.
Gun detailDesigning your own guns iS fun , but
soretenes using recí rcrereocc can adcI ascnse of reouty to your crt. Resrorching
actual cxcrnplcs such as trus light m cchtne
gun can c'sc hclp you jeom tre look.000
teer of a nme persodond trorrscte t hiS inta
your roture WOfk.
M K l MA IN BA T TL E WA LK E R
'] .-, '. 1=)
Look, no hands
3The arms are cttcchco to the gu n at the
wrists, so no ccnstrucüoncl guide s areneeoeo for tbe hunds.
3
Ensure thot thelimbs can moveabout withotJtbashing Intoother pa rts.
Using oblongs and cylinders for basicconstruction
2As long as the rrcm stnxturet soecesore sound. dctail can easily be added
ente the initiol stnxture.
The terse rsrototed tothe left fromthe pelvis.
Getting the balance right
1Balance i!> tricky whenthe crust rs rather
urrsure of how much ddferent eerreots
may weigh. Hcre. tre main gun i!> cssumcd
te be heovy.
We ight ofgun pullsthe figureforw<:lrds.
Constructing the robotM uch of thts qeometncconstrucnon can sti ll be d earlyseen in the final designoW henmaking in it ia l sketcbes. alwaystake balan ce in to cccount.especia lly with top-heavydesigns like t his. Repeat designelements to ensure unity «cctc a set of rfvets. handlesand so on that ts reusedt hroug hout the designoRemember to spcce out thesedetails and not c1ump themtoqether. Proport jc n ls veryimportant wh en objects thathove set stzes are introd uced,
... Creatlng the IineworkUsing rules to draw IIIX'S teods to crectc
cccurcte. bct stlff.llfcless fonfls, evenonvery angular designs like t hls Orle, sodrcwff('('helnd. l a y down flghlly sketched vecesusnq blue Cor.Erose pencil. Sccn the Oftwork
at a higher rcsoluüon erase the cencruoes.then drop it down to the dcslred dpi.
Make pract icepencU sketch es usingdrawing ctds if you'renot yet ccnñdentdrawing heehand.
•
Tbe r0U9her the material,the more ambient pencilteltturing will old youIoter on when rendering.
/ ,/ ... Masking and shading
Use tbe Mag ic Wa nd lo setect the arcas you
want lo work on , cnd use OOOge und Bum
lo mod ify thc tone ot tne drowing. Shodmqrs extrerneiy üct her e ond core sbooio betoken lo kcep tones on equal pla nes lilesorne. l ight renecl s bfi9htly off l he shlnier
blts of metal (Iikc the handles and barrell.
Colour C(ln indicaten.Jsl sta ins and plaCe'.Iwhere tne pai.1t hesscraped off.
Knocking out theccntmst on certoinparts , such as thisfor 1t'9, wlll sepcr tett from the portsaf the robot inthe foreground.
... ColouringAlways adapt the colours to the material.
Use the Colour Balance odjustment in
Photo5hop to add re d a nd yellow te the
sha dows a nd rmdtones of ttw d rawing. Now
place Q lcycr ovcr the d rowing se! to 50ft
light. When oponed the colour wlllglazecver the drawing. s1ightly changing the l one
you'vealrcody set dowfl.
~-------
Varioble vents farsteering ond speedadjustments.
Rendering
Maleria/s. p.18Developing Yoor
Ideas. p.26Bils aM Widgets,
p.32
seeALSO _ --,
An amphibiou5 rob otThe Subhunter is unique in that it neeos totuncnco both in and out or the water. Whefl
foldcd into ttself fQf Iong-distonce trove!. theSubnunter is intended to resemble a srrcn,oeeo-sec submarine.
Lorge central propellerond jets are the primo rymode of propu lsian .
Powerful , superheatedtolons far onchoringt o hulls ond tearingopen bulkheods.
Drill heod with projected,high-explosive chcrqe use<ffor breaching hulls 000causing irreparable domoge.
ROBO T FOU NDR Y MI Ll TA RY
In an age when nuclear,
biological and chemical warheads
are delivered primarily by
submarine, antisub robots are
numerous and highly developed.
These robots are too small
for the passive system of a
submarine to detect, and
they can silently approach
these nuclear leviathans to
drlll explosive charges into
their hulls. ModifiedSubhunters are used by
pirates to assault and
board tankers and
merchant ships.
Undersea i nspira tions
The ncuncotdesign and component
sbooes of the robot are certved from acombinot ion of pre-existing machines,
namely suoncrees ond torpedees. An
elcment of comple:>:ity is cisc codeo byusing crustocecn ccrcpoces asst ructural mñoeoces.
SU8HU N T ER
1
R~'"tho.t t~ drillbit protrlKln, sodon't moke themoin body 01the s vn too long.
3
V~ Ioterally,the head olmostsinks into the t erso.
The talon
comes clcse ---c=i~to, but doesn'toctually meet.t he ground planeo
Nautical robotsA belfevcble-lookinqm achine that encornpcsseshydrodynamic contours lsint egra l te any nautical ro bot
designo Although lt rsseeming ly overba lanced in
the torso, m uch of it ts simply
Q hollow sluice for thepropeller and j et s.
Sublike contours
1Everything in l his robotis roundcd or cyIindriCOr,
cpcrt frorn secuces of theretractable Iimbs.
Ready to dlve
2No1e the permanently
bowed oosuse and theIegs thot oco't Iockperfectly straight .
Great ape
3The oosnre.proportions ancl jOints
are almost gorilla·like.
... Ou t of lts shell
A crustoceon is on exceüent retcrence for
tne kinde; of posturesond sbopespresent in
the drawing. A horchcd, crablikedesign ese
oectes a prcdatory impresSion.
Keep the shapesrounded, and moke surethey interlock for onoveroll smooth profi le.
Add very hUle textureto keep it smooth fortrevel t hrough wot er.
... Predator
Dorklycomouflagcd. thjs robot iS designed
to approach 100gete; oooetected so a dark,
smooth ñnrsh rs esseonct
... Deep-sec blue
Applya deep blue to most of the ocsiqn
uemcm ter tte role thrs robot plays). S.mall.
complementory sootsof oronge odd keycorots of detcñ
Sploshes of oronge ondshiny silvers liven up ouniform colour-scheme.
Powerful,gyroscopicallybalanced honds forrepelling invoders.
seeALSO _
Composite steel ondiron soperstruct w e.tempered forresilience to flre,explos.ives andchemicol ogents.
WorkingTraditionally , p.12l otots andMovement, p.30Bits and Widgets,
é~ p.32
O .\~
O·~ . . ....
' )1' ; \ , ~) ., ,~ v,
\
Early cog·drivenprccesscrs in the headuse colour recognitionto idetltify enemieson the battlefield.
.~,/t31. .,. l '
:II
Repelling the invadenThis robot had e be-oc crd gloriOvS post on
the bcttlcñeld The feet Ole Iarge ond longso u ccn't be knocked OVCf ecsay.ond the
1('9SOle attaehed by mean:'> of ton-erosooet joots for ecse of movement ovef the
rough terrom
ROBO T FOU NO R Y MI LITARY
;1 ..;u..1
Had it not been for the
Elektrograd, the Russian stand
agamst the Ger man invasion in
World War II would have been
doomed in the bleak winter. A
masterpiece of constructionwhen it was originally created,
this ll -foot tall robot couldpunch holes in a German Panzer ,~, \
with ease. Long out of fashionand out of use, it is now
considered a nostalgic
museum piece and used
only in mili tary parades.
8aUlefi eld machineThe robot is Insptred by Pussicnconstrucuvut propaganda posters as well as
by the desi9n or ue top waf machines of
the era. It iS rough around the edges but
was en inspifing slght in the trencnes ond
the driving snow.
E L EKTRO GRAD
Shouldersremain in line,symmetricany,oOOYe feer,
3
Cebes implybuilding-blockconstrucUon.
2
o
Oblongs andblocks suggeststrengthand power.
Basic geomet ricconst ruct ion.
Industrial mightThe Elektrogrod wos cobbledtogether from industrial portsand battlefield wreckage inthe grim econorruc climate ofthe war. The f inishing touchesof bolts, screws ond ventscreate the lmpressron of areal, functicncl war machine.
BalanceBasicveces1in bccncec
crronqement dcfill(' the
robot's superstruct ure.
Counterbalance
2H,P Oreo juts fOfW(]rm ,
ccuote tcicrcco byIeet ond hecd.
Alignment
3lhe of on axis te ensere
that ecch extersonrs counterbclcnced byon equívclent extensión,ter stability.
Minimol use ofcolour suggestsfunctlonali t y,not de<orot ion.
\
• Watercolour effectsWatetcoloUI point (real DI d igital) Is applied in light ,
loase wcsbes ovet tr e pcncil, allowing the whitc
paper beneath to show thro ugh and giving thccoíoor e natural bnqhtness. l o oecte darl:.er crees
o f tone, pentover the Oligiool wcsh, but avoid
muddying tte colour wrth too rnany cccts. Use en
apoque point hkc gouochc fer odditive wbñes.
Sho.p pencildefines edqes andodds shading l oenhance !iOlidi ty.
• Directional lightlo cecte a feennq of Iight coming from a
particular d.rection. Imagine which swtccestoce th e Iight SOUfCC, Alternat ively, set up an
cenen figure tay ond use a spollight en rt
fer refereoce.
'1"
,
• Irregular profileAIl tbe besesbcpes that uocene this rcoorare drown freehc nd to eeec a noturolly
irregular tee! to thc profl'e . Dcn't be cfrcrd
to drow as mony ¡¡nes as you wont -,cltcrwords you can olways erase cny thot
you oco't nced.
Work up th edrawing, addingdetail and erasingnees th at ponbehind, to seserc temasses for onexaggeratl!d
.~~ , 1 atmaspheric\ ~; ..' peespecttve.
/ \t'! ··I \ r'
.r:;:::.~./'_- 'n~
•
00 0
o "
... Here. tbe crnst
has played
croond with
differCflt drill bitsond ccorectors,
whl le deYeIoptrlgthevisool
vcccbulcry for
the robot.
From all anglesDeveIoping a rOlJgh cartooo or yaur robot
is an excellent way ta famifiQrile yaurself
with the fundamental uppecrunce and
mecborasms of your crecuoo.
GARI3AGECOLLECTOR
lhe reer viewgives e..cellentdetoil ing on th el"9s, und howthey work.
'- The mouthbclched exhcust. but
ns appearanee wosocooeo to be tooaggressiVe in Olescoseqoeot Yef SiOn.
... The original heodhad a soIdierlike
cppecrcnce.whichwas scrapped in the
more dovelopedversen
I
Devloping ideasUrbcn robots will hovevery opporent utmtcnc n
Iunojons made evidcnt in
theiropoocrorce. Their tooísof tbe trece will hove to be
fine tuoed crd adJustcd bytbe cr trst during tresketehing prcse.
,.I
In this side víew, therobot is deplcted inecuco. performing
-~ I ene of its ser
r:. .
This front vtewshows the blockyprcñle plonned forthe final destgn.
As the ideal of the new-andimproved laborer, an urban
r obot may be expen sive, but
seeing that they work hard and
well in any environment, and all
without the slightest complaint,
they have rapidly taken over in
most sectors Adopted bywealthy companies and
governments, these robots
have changed the way the city
works. Purely utilitarian,remember that these robots
are all function and no tashion.
Use warning labels , dust
covers, and rusting and worn
metal to decorate.
-
.. In thts sketch, the keycomponents of t he robotare a ll in place.
One of the onlyrounded ports ofthis clunky robotis t he hip joint.
The treods ollowthe robot to m~0Yef terro in tittere<!wit h gorboge.
I
- '
The conveyor beltcon attoch togarbage outletsan<! t rcnspcrtt he wcste upinto the robot.
When nol needed,elcsñc arms rema;nbunched in lumps onthe body's surfnce.
see- - -'AlSO_ --,Artistic Render¡og.p.16Ufe Is Your Pa/ette,
p.21Oewoloping YourIdeos, p.26
Take inspimtion from IifeThls robot is obviously lnspired byrracoscco«orquntsms rotber than by theusual rnef-orssnc o ñoeoces,
Humming-.bird-stylewings allow foroeriol t~1.
Pulsing f1agellapropt'l the robotthrough liquids.
Fingertlps arecomplex multitoolst bct con foshionwosecoces on asubalomic scale.
Honds conbe remotelycontrolled by ahumon operctor.
Multiple sensondetect olt rnc r merof t race eleme""":.'_ _and energies. -
• e
ROBOT FOU NDR Y URBAN
Lifelike syst ems
lhe flagella glow wl(h hect ase by·produetof the energy red through thern. As theywork, they glow with a bnqhter ond moremteose hue. l heir shape can be comparedte any cther orqcruc. rnooscopc flagella.as on small seo crcctures,
Shaped from proteins,thi s r obot travels through
human bodies perfor mmg
delicate sur gery and,
alternatively, delivering
minute payloads of poison to
enemies. Nanobot - ofmolecular or atomic scale
is something of a misnomer;
this r obot is actually only
microscopically small, but itcan work on a subatomic level .
Wholly organic, the Nanobotcan self -destr uct to be
absorbed by the host's
circulatory system , leaving
no detectable trace.
NAN DBOT
.nThe crms areeurlt!d up toshow how t hejoints told.
3Pctnted sht!lIplat es exteodoff the reoreylinder.
2Thi1; eylinderi$ the primej unction fcx0. 11 t he otherports.
Right way upWhile suspended in liquid andfunctionin g at a scale th at makesgravitational considerat ions dttñcutt,the Nanobot st ill has umbs that affectits cent re of gravity. Certainlyin destqn and in dírect humanoppücct fon. th is robot definitelyhas a ' right way up'.
Arms and hands
1Arms hove rncltrple
jomts ond on Cl(ponsiVe.
dextrous recch.
Basic shapes
2Two limm bronch off
tbese cyllndclS.
Lebster-nke form
3The thick body curlsbock on ítself Hke o
lobster tail.
This design aUowsyoo to use os monypretty colours a syou Jike.
.,
• Be imoginotive with colour
Built from jcmíretod potems, t his robot
erres out for imoginotivc colccr-scnemes.trroesccnt colours mckc it look 1111e abeautiful bug or a oenccte piece of JewcllerYl
Don't use heovyted uring . Keepit 011 smoothond gel·likt!.
A W hen to light ortificiaJJy
Lighting ond shoding e re bcseo on thecnst's personal o te jxctcuoo. Anydepiction al something as rr uoute as theNonobot would hove to be artiflCialty lit,
in ony case.
Tht! shcpes ort! aeombinot ionof Ofganic undmanufact ured mctencl.
• Create a fundionol robot
Smooth and organic, the srcces of theNonobot ore fumional. oespne t heir
dehccte beouty. A1though bcseo onmkrcscopk orqomsrrs, the shopcs are crsocloscly comparable with those of largc
cnetccecrs. Rcmember in your design thot
these shapes hcee evolved for movement in
liquids and ore not mere/y o uuoo.
Docking bay connectswcrker te recha rgestot iaos a od csscrtedheavy machinery.
Nut rieot cockta ils a od.~..--~ preservctives pumped
lnt o orgo olc portsprevent rol a ndrigo r mort~
_ ..--- - - Ha lOrd po.ttern t oalert humon workers.
Iecve details /ike deca/S, /abels
and textura/ effecrs te rhe very
end o( the iJlusrration process.
I n this case, the blood vesses.
bruising and chipped paint
were the final rouches added.
Don't overao these e((ects, or
you may overwhelm your designo
-
Emotlonal reactionsA1though rot aggrcsSiVe in cny way.
this robot is unsettnnq l o the viewer.
Oesigncd solely for industria l
ourposcs. the rcctory-uno Worker is
distinct ñon a military or cvmon
robot. Imagine It os ruo-oown ereneqlected, sewíced by tcchrJician5
who hove no roer conrem beyondkeepmq it fun ctioning.
CALlIlUG AU:- - --'ARTISTS ----'
Four eyes used byCPU to coordinat ea ssembly andwork ptecesses,
Feet ere toughened, ondmechanicolly rein fcrcedbut often need to berepla ce<! dai ly.
Reactor core eoccsed --,io thic. sphl!le oftitaoium allo ys taprevent ellplosionsor Il!<I ks io coseof a ccidento
-URBAN
•
.
Showing weer a nd t earOne of tf-e main ponts of mte est in thisdesign is l he JlP:laposi t ion of orgonic
components with harsh, indusl riol enes.
Dctmls such as the chipped pont on the
metal are motched by l he rcsoes coc
engorged capil larieS on tre flesh.
This Factory- Une
Worker is a project
designed to curb
widespread corporate use
of 'Thir d World ' labour and
sweatshop practices
Mounted in a mechanical
frame, genetically
cultured 'high-wear '
parts are grown in vats
and regularly replaced
Not only ar e the meat
components cheap to
fashion and replace, they
are extremely efficient in
operation .
ROBO T FOUNOR Y
FACT ORY -LINE WOR KER
=FlA humanoid droneThe moin form of the FcctoryUne Worker is humonoid . Ofcourse, the proporlions hovebeen twisted and skewed(especrouy in tbe mechonicolsecttons). However. tbeunderlying layout ond jointingremoin human in effect. Agreat weight seems to crushthe body down tnto o stumpedposture thct shows it operotesin en environment where thereís bttle concern for íts health.
The defeo.ted -o¡=slouch ís beginning-te emerge.
Extended reochts more importantin t his designt hon locomot ion.It sbutñes onshort legs.
2
see- AlSO_ ......RenderingMateria/s. p.18
Lite 15 YourPa /etle.p.21Oeve/oping Your
/ A> Ideas, p.26
3
\
•
Contrast the materials
1Note lile cooucstbctween tbe gcometric
metal parts and the roundef
flcsh ports even at lhis stoqe.
Balance t he mechanism
2Thc exl lemely bccvy
sphere in the abdomen
countcrweights rre txxk. bkrl.
Focus on details
3TtlC' legs hove moredrstinct jOint ing beccuse
they're more mechoniCal
thon the orms.
T Utili tarian designThis ts on industr ial robot. so try l o convey a
functlOnol 'utnny' fee! in the coíocr-screme.
The bri9hl stnped hazord markings vncneethe desH]n. os do the wnrm hues of tbebrueed ñesn
The point j ob ispurely functional.Balance t his wit hsome attroctiveorgonic vurlat ionsin tM f1esh.
K~ those hazardtines strikingby darkeningthem t o almostcbsctute block.
.... Shading tlpsMake a osnrcucn when shading the
di ffcring rrctencls that rncke up l ile robot.Simply pul. tre ñcsh should be lightcr ondsoñe ilion tre rretcis,
Articulation andsegmentaUon arejust os important asdesignoThe t orso tselongated and careis token t e ensuret hot no partinterferes withanot her during_ l .
T Polgnant character detailsAnesoecicny potqrcnt effect is cctsevcr in
this d<'sign by emphasizing tbc strcnqeness
cr tbe human parts mounted in tbe coíd,Iifeless shcll. Hard. industrial stoces rroke
a n excellent complemenl to the drsturbingly
familiar Iimbs.
Articula ted ormunfolds. The roboro n exteod tneorm plo.tform upto eight t imes thlcurrent height.
c: •
Artistic Rendering ,
p.16
Joints and
Movement. p.30
Bits and Widgets,
p.32
see- - "IAlSO__
Enttre chcssís con deform ondsto.nd up to a llow it easiercfeorcnce into t ighl speces orte sp recd out to fa lm o moresto.ble ba se.
A series 01 lotch cklspsshows Whefl! la rge ,modular addiUonsca n be tüted berc redeployment fc rcorrying out o va nety01 tosks.
This se ries oflimbs ls mereíy o.repetlticn of thebcsrc, multl-use c1o.w,o.nd ony of these conbe reploced individuallywith tusk-speciñchea ds.
Workh orse stylingsThis robot rs not used in combat but still hasto be mode of resment moterials to cope
with ns orduous tests. A slightly worn and
pitted plcstíc rorms mu ch ot the casing.
ROBOT FO UNORY U R B A N
Municipal fineryA shol ter set of stronger limbs e cccteo
beIow the forword sct of sensors. rtese oreused for beover.rnore indust rial WQrk. socn
as roed - and foundn tton-lcymq. Thc cny's
Urban scouunccnon Assoocnon's crest
cooms the hood.
A municipal council commissioned this
r obot fr om a for eign multinati onal to
combat urban blight. The UrbanRenewal 80t fills an omnipurpose
maintenance and repair r ole in
ci ties Fully modular, it can
be fitted with an unl1mited
range of equipment and
features limited Al (artificial
intelligence), which allows
it to speak to pedestrians
in a soothing,
female voice.
Internal pcrtsviewed bet weensegments wouldprobobfy becbscured bydustcOYelS duringoct uol operat ion.
II:~
INOUTEX URBAN RENEWAl s o r
=3-1
3
Give tne extendingorm plenty of radiolcleoronce.
In prof ile, therobot 's appearorKebetroys ene of nsprime roles os ocherry pkker.
2
No osymmetrycccurs in Q robotdes ig" hke t hls.
,
Buglike and functionalStrange ond msectíle. ttusrobot ts nonet heless a helpfulond construcnve creotton, andits pcsture should mcke thisopparent. Wh ile rt rs fourwbeeted hke a cc r. the front
articulated orms ond are not
constrcrned by a shared oxte . / "L
1
lo sepercte t hemctencrs from ecchother, elemeots suchas t he ty'es 0 00 rearcasing should bedarkened OYerall.
Frame versus casing
1w berecs the casing tsorgonic, thc bcsk cha<.sis
and strurtuml t rame ore qane
qeornetric in form, not
differing greatly from thct af
a p'eseot-doy cctomobse .
Approximote with shape
3 secc use tbe top orms are
rested In a ccsnco flushwith cccn otrer. they are
shown hcre oporoxuncteo asa simple shcpe.
• City·state coloursBeing a civilian robot ttot pcfo mspublicocues, the URBgives ue artist Ococo excusete opply a purely cestbcnc pain t Job (perhaps
the oíñoot coloursof the cny.stcte).
A serial number isincluded fOfservicing ondidentj fication purposes.
Ce ntral arm is t he focus
2The mcm part of therobot i5 simply Q bed for
me Iarg(', folded OIm.
... Smooth t he shadingxeep the shoding smooth and flowing but .
as you ore drawing beoten-up pcsuc. youcon joosen up OCC~iOnolly and add o jñtle
vcrtcnce in the surfaces.Even t hOYgh much of t he detai lwould be hard to see when therobot is operatin g (t he tyre t reces,internal ro bles ond joints, forexamplel, they're still fundamentalto t be design ond so shouldn't beskipped.
T Tig ht ness a nd loosenessLoasen up on the plost ic cosings,but enserethat the more structural shape:.; such os ttewhecls ond reor correortmcnts aretightencd up.
,
'(=1-R O B O T r OUN O R Y' URBAN
Rendering
Materia/s, p.18Oeve/oping Your
Ideos, p.26Bits and Widgt>ts.p.32
see- - -'AlSO_ ---"
long arms thot conunfold to becomeeven longer.
l ong Iegs with wirerctchets (intendedmore os slobi lizers
0\'1;-- t han support).
~_ _ - M01.I lh port cernes monyindependent senscrs torecd the environment(for em mple, to detect90S fumes ond biolo9 icolcontominonts).
"l \-- - - Arms ore multi·jointed.... to bette r recch down
into rubble.
The fifth oir jet ts onthe back. The fou rseee on the front octos stobilizels,
Conceptuollzlng the robotBetore you begin. decide on the kind of ' fee!'
you wont your design to refJect and what youwont your robot to be copoble of. This wlll give
you direction. This crttst wanted to rnckc a
robot that wcs light ond etnoeci. that f looted
and nptoed obout wrth tts sterile whi te shell. It
needed long. dexterous orms to recen peopIe
tropped tnside rubble.
Segmented body pla lingto minimile dust onddirt from foulinginternol systems.
Head detoil
Robots will often show glimpses
mto mole mteeoot pcrts, whiCh
usuoñy 'cok quite complex. tbcseIntemcl components should appear
as though they stretch bock o tothe body ond are integral te ports
the Viewer ccn't seto.
I ncreasing amounts of
urban confliet and
a rising population in
areas prone to natu r al
disasters created a
demand for a quickly
deployable victims' aid
robot. The 519
5yringe 5aintis fitted with five
articulated air
jets that keep it
afloat as it steps
nimbly across
hazardous ruins,
scanning the area for
the injured with its
array of sensors .
5 19 S Y RI NGE 5 A I NT
• 1-'"'" _ . _ :)1
Snoulder1mode upoftrue spheres.
Using ellipses for bosic construction
2ThC! only true spberes oppeor on theshourcers. vou can keep tbc orocr uc
shcpes vague. but remember tbe volume(denoted by emoscs in the wil c fmrne parts).
ot- Hip plote.
Con veying movement
3Thmk out tbe robot 's rrceerrent. ThrS
lu,,~h Iooksodd but not predotory. therobot has duccuo n ero purpose.
Tbe ftrst set of enicwso re here (t he ormsare folded bockduring movement).
Gel the bolonce right
1Pose Is m idmovement, so the axis ofbalance nts in the dnccnon of trcvel.
This tilt is tncky because the robot rseseholf· floo ting (torso almost lifts the legs up).
Heod rests backinto the bady.
Const ruct ing the robotHeavyset robots usuolly hoveproblems with believoble c rttculottonof limbs, whereas thm robots needext ra effort t o ensure limbs lookstrong enough to f unction properly.Organic curves are a greot way tosolve this problem because they'veoften developed in nc ture toeffic ien tly absorb shock and st ress.These basic curved shapes areyour building blocks - start bydrafting or t racing these shapes.
light reflec tsoff loco! pcrts.
Use red ond yeltowIn the sho.dows.
• Colouring the robotUse Photoshop's Color Balance ccjustmentto udd red cnd yellow to thestodows nndrmd tones. Place a layer over the drawing setto Solt light. and tne colour will g lO2e over
the drawing. Add the 'gamish', in thiS case
the play of light and odded LEO eñects,
Multiple source, ombientlight mokl!S cest shodows.Use Oodge o.nd 8um tool,to modify the , hoding.
• Masking and shadingSot drowing !ayer in ptotcsbop to Mult iply
cnd fill in mosks of colour on a loyer bolow(secorc te it into foreqrou nd. m idground und
bockground). Use the Mag i<". Wand to seiect
Oleas to WOIk en ttcn Dodge ond Bum tomodify the dlowing's tone. Sbooc occording
to the robot's mateficl.uetcns ore edded tethe basic struc::ture.
/. j
UI A
I/) Sccnned-ín imoge ~,fJf has been decned up. t
... Crea t ing the IineworkUne is vcry im portont on s1ecl. robots.Use ab1ue CoI·Erase pencil to sketch Iight
ccostnxtsooo! voces, íts ecsy te erasepenol c l ter sconmng but horder te work on
peces rmsscd ct tbe pencü stcqe. Sean lile01101 o high resounon ercse porcñuoes.then drop it down to thc oesnco dpi.
Working Digitally.
p.1ltArt istic Rendering.
p.16JOints and
M~nt. p.30
SEE'- - '"ALSOI_ ---l
Horllontol pistons controlforword moUon; verticalprstcns lift legs.
Moin body contoinsccrnpcctor ondfurnoce for breokingdown solvoge.
Air vente clog ond needto be cleaned regulorly.
•
Surface detai1sThere rs a lot of surfure detall, so try using a
program me such as Pcinter fcr the shading
rather than crosshatch ing in cenen. wh ich
will rnckc the detall too hord to read.
On its last legsThe concept is a robot in a stote of
ocIvonced decay and disrepajf - a fragile
rrccnoe. despite its bulk. tecw the cdgesscfotchy and sketchy to crrotosee ceccy.
\
The Grunter was obsolete before it was even
finished. Too big and cumbersome for most
environments, the 10 Grunters that were originally
manufactured wer e soon decommissioned by the
army and sold to private companies The model
shown her e is the last survivor,
having ser ved for 300 year s
as a salvager on
the colony worl ds.
ROBOT F O UN ORY U R B A N
5eosor OrTCIyS
onolYle solvogeccntent ond vcrue.
Hecd houses twomointenonce robots.
••11=1=
G RUN TE R
=1=:Years of wearAfter the solvoge rs compacted ondmetted down. it ts cotegorized ondstored in the obdomen. This meonsthot the surfcce of the robot will bepitted ond domoged by 300 yecrs ofweor ond tear.
Sturdy desíqn
1The enginc!ike cote of tbe body is
perfectly bclcrxed ood socootec by thehlfllJE'd. slightly bowed Iegs. A1though therobot ttself rs Vf!fy okf, tbe underlying
const ructton remero s st rong und souno.
Timesa ving 3-D optians
2use 3·0 ~ftwore ond sove yourself
hours of pesoectoe drawing. You'll fine!
u eosy to constnxt your tese robot U!>ing
defoul t shcpes in O perspectwe vrew,
Numerousmec::hanical pcrtswi ll be exccsed Inth ls secucn.
Functiona lit y
3Any joínted hingi ng )'OU (feote will
offect the woytbc robot moves. Robots
ore mOinly functional. Corstruc t your robot
w ith coreovisuclly conveying information
about ' he robot's rnovement.
World·weoryextenor ccnnestswith Ir mer üre ineyes and belly.
... (olour ond controstChoose eorthy, dull colours to
errcocsee the oge of the robotUse red 00 the tenses in mehcad os a controst to the
duller tones.
80ck k-gs and abdomenuse sorne oblongs andcylinders os front leqs.and cnest oreo. -::;-,.
Tbree cent uries of tcllcréete t he im pression ofo walki ng scrapyard.
se,
.. LayersApply your colon flat on o Mult lply kryer.
and t hen add highlight s ond detone on a
new loyer.
Underlyi"9consl ruction is ofsimple cylinders
and bolles. "'::-_
~
QU(ld rupedolconstruction mecnsweight dist rlbu t lonts ress of (In tssoe.
, 3
... 3·D optionsThe robot is a mess of ccmrred toqetherveces cod SlI"foccs: fkrt, curved. sharp.
Ihere rs nothing smooth obout tbe Grumer.
Llncwork is rernmrscent of enginc ports cndotber mtrrccte. but convolu ted. mochinery.
Docking portfor instantcannectian withother robotsand humans.
Ellternolly esststedmognetil:: inductioolevitctes the robot,whk h is oble lo floatonly in mogneticollyfocllitoted building5.
Thi$ com puter'9enerotrepreseotcnve K onembassy diplomotJOf t he TotorMercont ile Republic.
NakatomiCorporoUon 10905.t095 cnd lobels.
Form equa ls fundlonIllustroting thrs style of robot
o ectes unique coreccrcuoos fortbe crust bccocse of IlS Iock of
resernbicnce l o 0100. morefamiliar fosms (humanoid.
vehi<:ulm. and 50on), Bcing o
dvilian robot designcd to~lwith peope ond prt thcm 01 tbetr
ecse. rt Í5 importont to crecte O
nonthrealening. !.efvile formo
Drawing computer irtia geryAJtificial light ing illuminates the coroute
qeoected figure. and sccn-uncsare ovenaid
as on illustrat ive ocvce lo ind icate that sne
rs psesented onscrcen (cod no! sitting ¡nside
tbe robotll.
SeIs of honds forphysicollnteractlon.
•
The Nakatomi Clerkhovers above the marble
floors of corporations
and embassies, gr eeting
people with its computer
generated human
personality. Fully
customizable, the Clerk
fills a myriad of roles,
and its impeccable
manners and on-the-fly
networking capabilities
have led many executives U.-'
and diqnitar-ies to admit
that they now prefer
dealing with Clerks to
networking with people.
H080r F O LJ N D R Y URBAN
•
•
"'PCAl:lIR1G At t - - -,ARTISTS ..J
"'...,.....e-, Artists shou /d note thot ore o( !hechollenges in digital crt ís how to
~;r-j:;T1 overcome the somenmes-, orti{iciol-/ooking, mochine
generated results, rhar is, /ines
thar look too stroight ond eo/ours
t hat appear too consisten! and
exoct. There are mony occosora.
however. when tnese eíteas can
be desirable. A good example
ss [he sean-/ines on [he clerk's
screen. The over/y perfect /ines
effeetively indicore t he technology
used by t he clerk.
NAI(A TOM I CLE R K
These sldemounted ormscon also recentowards thefront ofthe robot .
3The computer
orts o reocated a l thebottom, wit hineosy recen of
UlTlOn being$..
- -- -
PI
h
2
IJ
The cterk floots.pivoting onthis moj"hinge cyli nder.
TDesign a realisticmachineAtthough ttus robot üocts.that does not mea n that itsaxis, balance and relott on to
the horizontal plane (in this IJcase. the ( loor of the lobby)are nrelevcnt to its designoThe robot pivots on thebottorn sectton. so ensuret hot you illustrote a betrevcblehinge mechcmsm ondbalance. The general shope 1of the robot should almostresemble the consumerelect ronic appliances thotwe use everyday withouta seccnd thought.
l oter on, light ing000 colour will workto diffefent iotetlle $C reen fromthe IObot.
In o rder l o drowottent ion lo thevibroncy of t hescreen imoge,keep the robol 'scolours subtle.
... Industrial artCleon. c ttrocuve colours suggest o robot
thot on lndusmo! orust could hove spcrutime desiqnmq. The colours of the on-screen
cerscrcnty ore doser te the colocrs used in
o ocsscct pointing lhon in o photogroph.
Vision
3Becouse the robot consee in any dlrcetion, tbc
orms ere tucked too from
the scecn so os I'IOt to
impoir vrsion.
Sim ple shapes
2Note how simplified tbe
design con become and
yet remoln recoqotzoble.
,. Shading and IightChocse o shoding style to show that ttebnr shcd metal plating reüccts Iight
differently than tbe sclf· illurninated screen.
Extending arms
1rrese mm eylindefs ore
folded up on themsefves
ond can doubIe in lenglh.
Try lo t hinkaheod to t bepaint ing stage000 whatis in donger ofbecomingobscured.
.. New line stylesl ile Iinewak recuces a s1ight shift of stylebetween the smooth. shorp forms of therobot ond the more orgoniecurves of thcwomon on the screcn.
. d
Working Digital/y,
p.14
RenderingMateria /s, p.18Joint s and
Movement, p.30
see- --.ALSO_ --,
Tapered knees. bulgingcalves, ond feet likebooves, give the Trader Q
rocehorselike qlKllity.
Recessed hecd containsa high·definit ion,heet-sensor. cndnight-vision comeras.
51auching, primevolshcuídees crec te ahunched ondsuspicious proñte.
Exoskeletan can bemodi f ied with cbp-cnplates rcr prat ectian Inhostile environments.
Unusua l desig nThe stronqe form of the robot lndudcs
en cjrost monkeylike upper body.
biomedxmical temcoes for product
tesling. ond ultrostronq 1e(JS.
Articulote ho.nds wit heenccte f inger5 enablet he Trader to type otcc mputer terrnlnals andpcrnoccte in eoeucns.
ROBO T F O UNDRY URBAN
•
The alien-looking Off-WorldTrader (DFT) droids were
designed by EarthAid
Cybernetics as a means of
infiltrating the civilizations
on colony worlds to source
vital food suppli es for sale
back on Earth. The OFTs a r eprogrammed with one million
colonial bartering protocol s
and are multilingual.
Brains and brawnIhc recesseo beco is ser in to oowcrrushoulders tbot tocse an edra-largc'Cckuns' brain dcsigned to process muncosof complex t rc nsoct ons o secood
-]::]DFF - WORLO TR IIDE R
Consumer cidThe Off-World Troders werean offshoot of the f irst line ofRadian checkout robots, whichwere destqned t o carry bagsof food and consumer goodsthrough wc r-devostctedst reets to the homes ofneedy ctvrlrons.
Sketch the sl'lopefirst before workingup the design using)'Our software.
1
The shc pes use<! rrec tean impressiYely "'?dramatic silhouette.
2
Note now theIegs a re bowedto lndirotetensi le streng t.~h_""""",¡""c-,_",
3
Ex perim ental shapes
1Expenment by bendmg
ond warping your
shcocs when doing your
«une! figure doodlcs.
Elegont m ot ion
2l 00king at the bojl-cndsockct jomt of the hip,
we can gct an idea of tbesinewy way the OFT wclks.
Powerful bu ild
3Strong upper body hos
a yokcukc struct urol
renrorccrncnt for carrying
heavy tocos.
... Extra rendering
The white fogging on the I~ and
tentcoes mteqrctes tte robot withthe sceee. whereas o shodow con
plant him firmly te the ground so he
<loes not Iook Iike he is floo tlng.
Mix und matchos mony colourcombina tions asyou wont. Tryblue on<! llghtgrey. or red on<!white - the optionsare endless..
Sutln-metn lt extu re lsimperfect,suggestingweer and tecr.
... HighlightsAccurate Iightlng cos realismo Th ink
obout wbcre the light wi ll fo il on tterobot's curves as the Iow evening sun
stnkes him frcm behind.
... Sh o d ing
Use dark unes to define the shodows.
which will help depict wh ich eíements of
the design ore round. flot or sqocre, justbyplacing the shodows correctly.
Two-tone cclcue-schemeis a chonce to explorecolour combinations..
"lI The ot s ttries out d¡fferCflthead designs.
From 011 angles
ihis illustral ive rctcuon of ue robot
show5 its exaggeroted posrure 000 nsIorge crest. Notice that tbe jceus ere
oevecoeo even ot th~ stcce.
PRISONERCONTAINMENTROBOT
•
It. An oggresSivestcrce implies
a robot who
means cosioess.
~ Sbooldersore flanked byrubro- appendages.
Developing ideas
Robots whoseroles líe in jow
ond arder hove sim ilari ties t e
m ilitary robots. OOt the ir
ogglcsSive cscccts moy be Jl rr.....¡;;.downployed. OnemojOf /consdercnon is how pebhc
the robot should be in jIs
cppeorcnce: n coold becroffiool mar kings or Icncuon in
a more ' ploin dothes' role.
The chest is
i his rounded pcrt ..-z' ~~~~~yuse ;'\scPñ~· .~~r-::'is where the ·Z - Q covity. i i'l. (pnscners ore .-----: - .....trcnsferred ~-1fñcm the robot .
ihis panel willbe the barredcell qate In thefinol designo
Law-and-order robots , used
for policing, are unique m that
theír interaction will be primaril
with the civilian populace They
are human-friendly but havea dísconcertínq potential for
violence beneath the surrace.Though not engineered to be
ettracttve, the appearance of
these peace-keepmg robots
is nonetheless impor tant.
They have been painstakingly
designed both to calm a
crowd of agitated r ioters and
to intimidete and terr-ifv
waywar d suspects
(rest and officia lrnart ial insigniadeccrcte thisrobat 's shaulder.
This shock batonprojects a~electricol fleld ,which disablessu spects when theyenter it.
Tbe eres arecomposed 01 adisparate array01 huge senso""
I d sketc h.... A more deve ope ,shows sorne of the artlst sfina l cbclce s.
(ontainment cell.osee to temporanlytncc rceretecapture<! sospects,
!,
Pecce-rcycppecrs os agurto invoding ho'd
Working
Traditiona/Iy. p.12Artistic Rendering,
p.16Attochments ondEmbelJishments.p.34
see- - "'IALSO_ .....
Harmoniaus elementsTbese bccoutul robots moved effort lesslyocross the landscope. The holy men allowedo handful to foil into Imperial honds. seccrein the knowledge tbct the nwcdes could
only understand me prcjcs.powered
mechorusrns by filst ccceptmq the messageof pecce.
8f(1in powered by1,000 miniatu reproyer wh eets.
St urdy mult ij ointleq-untts,weighted forext ra stnblllty,
•
/
'.
Exhaust systemproduces minimollyhCllordous byproducts.
Fonighted desig"rfc eyepiece js an ingenious crece ofequomcnt .ollowing the holy rncn to seethrough remate eyes in 011 weothors. doy orruqht. lhe robot olso has olfoctory sensorslo smell out mvcoers.
Rü80T Fü U NO R Y L A W & O RD ER
When the Imperial Chinese land armada stole
into Tibet, the holy men of the mountains defended
their peaceful lan d by willing into being 15 ,000
tank-calmer robots, known as 'Steel l.otuses' .
Far from being a killing machine, each robot
was powered by 1,000 prayer wheels .Together the Steel
Lotuses swept 46 ,000
Imperial tanks back
over the border
with the people's
collective prayer
for peace.
• ~I-
51E E l lDT US TA N K CAL ME R
-:115hape and balanceThis design rs essent ially otapered cyli nder on legs.Constructed in segments, ttdecrecses in drometertowards the rea r where itcurves upwords t o form theexhausto Oblongs cndtriongles in the legs creotea visual contrasto
A multitud!! ofcurved elementscreetes Impressionof a robot ' creat ure',
Legs resemble thelimbs of Q quic:k,scompering animol.
Moin body isa lmost spherlcnl.
2
t en-me curvedcyunderormngement .
3
•L, ~
Simple forms
1Note how an arrangemeflt
of simple rorms oroerncsthe complexrty.
Realism
2Legs must be cosnoreccorefully for Q reohsttrolly
balanced posture.
Axis
3The axis of balance will
shltt dcpendmq on the
pose of thc robot.
•. ,,.- -~~.
,T
... Dig ital co lourWhenaddlng com digitolly lo a
t; J ceoot drOWing,crecte a layer in. .
~>-;.;. Protosrcc with the bIend mode ser lo>«;~J~-:"" : Mult iplY. Thismainlains tbe brightness
l. of the coleo. while allowing the block
unes to show through.
•
Use not uro l tcoes en<!gleoming elementsthot suit t hl! robot ' sspirit uo l purpose.
,
.~(I .",",. ~_:r. • ' /: .... Clear line style
~:-C:. Aswatercolour will be used in the next./:':1, •'\ stoqe. u iS better te apply pencü-.\' ,e ...... shoding in o series of cnso. thin unes
thcn to use a srnudqy shading style.
Sketch io the solidelements once you'vecought the rnood ofyour robot.
.. Watercolour mocdsBlock in the colour using actualwctecocor. or use diluted coeorsin Photoshop with a rnecsoreof trc nsocercv to o eote the
sorne effect.
Let your imagina lionond hond run fret'lyto eeeete a fluiddrowing style.
~
L-.\•
Working
Traditionally , p.12Developing YourIdeas, p.26Bits and Widgets.
p.32
see- - -'AlSO~-..I
•,
•
Monstrous creations
Crccted by thetr mosters to resembre msects
cno other erectores that temneo Bioforms,
t xtcm uoctors becamc fond of adorning
tt emsefves with gruesome trophíes from
therr hunt ing exceomons.
Antig rovity generoto rshoused withinbody casing.
-•
l ail ends Insensor cluster.
Wings act os___ guidonce rcus.
•
Stabililing rodsfiUec! withgy'oscopic
adjustors..~~ ...::~~
.o--_ Heat-sensit ive ' seeker'organ. mounted ongripper ptoboscls.
By the late 25th century, most humans had
given up their organic heritage and become
cybernetic organisms. The few remainingBioforms were forced to hide away or face
immediate exter mination. The elite cyPods were
not allowed to pollute themselves with filthy
biological matter, so a hit squad of flying
robots was pressed into service to finish
the Job for them the Exter rninator-sl
.Deadly armoury .,
The primary tools of the Extermmotor's
trad e are ns ctow-típpod arms. Othe r
weapons con be ottochcc as well, including
flame tbrowcrs, elect r ón-pulse cannons and
rcct.seeuoq kmer-vírus qreocoes.
R O S OT FOU NORY L A W &.. ORD ER
111=1=
T H E E XTE R MI N ATOR
•
Hood shapeshove odcIlyhumon a specto
Ir idescentcolours suggestmsectftke ports.
... Multiply mod eSean into Photoshop. then ceote a newloyer cnd set the mode to Muitiply_ Add
colour w tth Pcncil, Brushand Alrbrush
tools and corost U5ing the ColorBalance. HuelSoturation and
BrightnesslContrast mcnus.
Axis fa r f1ight
3The cos for a robot in flight tsd.fferent
from a r~ulal. land ·based creotu-e.
PIoted arrungementrcees ins pirotioo 'ra m'eal ·world ersects.
2
101:. chosen tedefioe edges aodenhonce solidity.
~ Experiment wit h calour
When addiog co cer in a proqrcrnroesuch as Photoshop, you hove anamazing amount of ñecoorn to ccjust oralter the colour in any way you Iike. I t i5
cjso easy to oecte new colour VQriOt~
on the underlyiog drawiog itsell .
Aerod ynamic lines
2NOreed to think much oboot balance
when drOW1ng the Enemtrotoe.fnstecd giVe u on impressioo of soceo ond
mcoceuvroouny in the crr by foccsmq on nssieek. cerodyocrmc lines.
y Appropr iate sty le
The drowlOg styre is jagged. jittcryand detoaec to erecto a scnseofmsecne complelli ty cod odvanced
mochinc enginecring.
Distortt'd obloogs sU9gestmechcntccl elements.
Not hing natural
1The underlying soeces moy belnsectñke. but the coostrocton rs
detmctly mechonical. shctp and suuster.If this robot ts an msect. it rs onoggressiVe. deadly one.
Distinctive shapesEach Exterminato r Is a
challeng ing collectio n of
cont rasting sha pes - f1aUened
a nd distorted oblonqs. spheres
a nd cyhnders. The ñntsheddesig n ts very dtsnncuve.so t hmk carefully about
constructíon.
_ c-- - - - - - - ------- -
ROBOT FOU N DRY L A W s, DRD ER
As the multinationals gain ever -increasing
power, they also face greater hostility Their
aggressive weakening of federal powers has
relegated much policing to being handled
internally The Martial Queller is used to put
down protests and riots, and its mere presence
acts as a deterrent to those who would fight the
euthorities Whenever corporate property is
threatened, the Martial Queller wade s in to
crowds, vomiting tear gas and shattering
dissidents with its elect ric baton .o
Sirk·fibre-<omf'O"ite ploting in ablastproof snield, which is 0150rnogl'let icol1y shlelded t o pretectthe robot from directionol EMP
Nonmilitory tough guy (electrornagnetic pulse) bIosts.
Although heovlly crrrccred and aggresslve.
this robot is not Q mllitOlY c\evice. so youcan espose Oleas between the ormoul
ploting. The humonoid wcmor design
crectes tbe irnpression ot a
'co pomte Samuro¡'. cver loyal
to ns lord - in this cose the
board of directoes.
Implying strengthHexcqoncl pkJting implies g reot st rength in
the shiekfs mokeup. PoIY90n01stooes ore
on excenent woy te creo te cttmctwe. yet
lechnicolly bclievoble. lorgc surfoce c rees in
robonc designo
seeALSD_ .....RenderingMateria/s, p.18Attachments andEmbel/ishments.p.3l¡
MilitaryAttachments , p.36
Plot ed communiea t ionscrroy maintains cc nstontsatellile com municatlonwit h corporate HQ,
Chemical ccmstersf ¡re teor-gas andother suppressionshells ¡nto crowds.
A wecve of f U
strips encase¡ellplosive chawhich is detorthe robot fiocmobbed byoverwhelmioc
___ oumbers of e¡
High-poweredele<:trk batonwith plasticsplash·shleld(to Pfevenlbod ily flu idsfTom shortingt he ope nefect rcdes).
Aggressive os pect
3 Both the shield and boton ore held
owny from the body in o defio nt ly
oqq ressfve displa y posture.
Powerful poseA squatting warrior pose canbe used to qrect advontage inthis robot. Its shield Is clsoshaped and sízed for use inprotect ing the t orso withoutobstructing the alreody heavilyormoured leqs.
Torso deslg "
1As wit h many robots, its lower torso
und pelvisare relat rvely t hin 000
mostly structural.
MARTIAL QUELLER
Tilti ng s h ields
2Thc shoulder protes ore unce fOlWards
to deflect buacts owoy from the torso.
4
Though t he urm connectswith t he shleld 01 theelbow, it sti ll cc nt tnues inlength os a struc turaflystrong mooring.
The shield dcesn'tdiffer fondamentaUy
""ir from this simplerectang le: a sectionhas merel)' been
r:h cut ou t .
3
bbe"O
rqe.\ot~
's ¡tst
Iviliort
,
T Inorgonic shopesAllhough CUJvC'd. the shapcsusoc in thedcsrqn are not qui te orqcmc, giving en
industrial and unpleasant csoccr to o robot
ttcrs more brutal than n rs sopr enccted
Note how thehexogons will be Ioidin Ioter wit h the oidof the compote..(don't bother witha roler).
The bexcqoes ore keyed inwith t he elements theytOlKh Inctlce how ot herelements seern te line upwith t hem consistent ly).
... Persped ive o n de t a ils
Dcrken the m uscular cable bundle!. that con
be seen in tf-e gops between the ormour
pIoting so tnct they 'Sit bock' from tbevrewcr's eyc, aeating tbe ímpresuon of a
g limpse into the anatomy of the robot.
... Office r robotUse of blue, whlte and yellow add to O
coece-cñce-ue opcecrcrce.wIlich has
becn odapted by the leosing comconies
lo mcmtom the ídcntifiable coiour
schemcs of tb e old oothouncs.
The modolar riot -shieldand baton do I'IOt sharethe some colaor-sctlemeas tne robot lt self.
Enlargedsheot h andbcyonetarra)'.
Electrtccllymotivated rozorwíres wi th boyonetbecds t hrosh ondf1ail O(OUoothe robot.
Deca/s and Lagos,
p.20Developing Your
I deas, p.26Attachmenu and
Embellishmenfs,
p.34
see- - -'ALSO _ .....
A personal sotel l itenccts oround ___robot . offeringr«onnaissonceand dctoüedsensor)'informationto its host.
slerce ond fearless' Intimidoting' sumsup the impl"esSian
YOu worrt to (feote with
this design! The rncjortty of comtct tc kes
place at very clase qucrters, result ing in the
Purqcr's predo tory cppcomnce - ond rts
Iarge complemcnt o f bladcs.
Fixed f1amethrowerwit h bayonet and tank ofcompressed, j ellled napalm.
ROBO T FQU NOR Y L AW s, ORD EI~
In the age of the globalized
Umfied Chur ch, heresy has
ushered in a new I nquisition.
!t's in this crisis that a robot
like the Purger must play the
dual roles of spiri tual healer
and cleanser of heathen
communities Whenever aheretical movement is
detected, the Purger is
sanctioned to descend on•
the community at night,
cutting down men,
women and children,
bur nmg everything to
the ground to cleanse
the land of sin .
Comp lex ci rcuitryThe sotenne tsalll'lOSl Art-Dem style in
cscect. The scteune iS de';igned
to be o compícteíy uoormoured cntity
with almost bare orcuíuy. indicoting
. thct tt's packed w ith corr olex sensorsand cicctronrcs.
_ ._"
E NC YCLI CA L P U R G E R
l . . .
Far 011lnterrtscnd perpcses.t he weight lsptcced straightdawn tne leg ondon to tbe heel.
Amazing rozars
3The skirt al the bad af
tbe robot reuses l win
rolls of rczoe wire.
2
Buil t ·in weoponry
2The flamcthrowcr is on
extensíon of tbctceecrm rothe than o Iimb
secuonreplccerncnt.
Natice haw shiftedthe lawer pcrt 01t he body ís fromIhe olignml'nt ofIhe torso.
look outl
1The robot Í5 twisted
round to rt s IefL os IrIooking over nsshoulder.
The entireupper torsois unmO'lingand ron beapprollimaledin a neunifar m shcpe.
The fear af GadThe Purger rs o bogeymon:designed speciñccuy to instildreod from every cnqle. evenwit h tts proüle ond the shcpesof its body pcrts. Bristling withknlves. ond wit h o bc re skullsunken into th e hulking torso,the Purger is o twtsted.humonoid designoPloying moreof an csscsstn's role - with itstorget being unsuspectmqcivi lions - this robot is moreogile looking t hon n would beif it had o heavi ly or moured,militory oppeoronce.
-
Dcrken the far 11'9dromat ically losepuscte it and placeit in perspective.
... Bug-Iikl' segment s
A strange, nsoctne sejmentcnon ts used
uniformly in tre desíqn - in morked
cootrcsr lO eíements like tne sctejhteand flometlYower.
Much of t he robotts plioble ond,therefore, has anOfgonlc quolily to itscomponent sbcpes.
... Hateful poteA darkened mass of wrigg ling shopes swellsup to tbe bcre.skull· like headof tbe robot.The orstoct.metallic sheen ot the blcdes Í5
applied al the coloufing stoqe. so iccve out
bold highlights ot tbrs poot.
... Re g al cetours
Use an opulent coloorscr erne bcre to imply
the almost regal status invested in the robot
by its owners. who've abviously poured
incalculable funds into its cecboo.
Not ice how t hl'tleod tex t ure000 colourshifts slightlyfrom therest of t herobot ,olmostresembling bane.
RQUOT FQU ND R Y LAW & DRD ER
see- - -'ALSO_ ---'
Dockinq exteosícn fofconnectinq to itsservice space station.
Extensíons unf llriinto huge solarcol1ectillg pcoets.
Drawing ondResearch, p.l0Artistic Rendering,
p.1 6)#Attachments ond'// Embel/ishments.
) p.3~
l eqs terrmnctein com plexretre-bccstee,
While not combotcrmcured , the robot isploted for protectionfrom asteroids a lldspace debns.
Flower powerlile Orbital Deleqete ooes nol nccc lo be a'ugged robot. os it ñccts in lhe vocuum of
spoce. It rs on ost.ro·artillery pece rotberthan a machine designed for ccrotct.
Ac:Iditional pa,ts and equipment bIossom
out of it me petots on a flower.
e-•
Coil gllllS mounted indual setup for moreccnt rcllcble recoil.
Don't deslgn a heavyweightr tese mechani~seem sieroe ondoeíccte when placed beside tbe large robotHQwever, In sccce. tbe only recl stresseslo t be guns a re ccosed by flring t hern,
llleir dcsign is linear and soeocneedbut ccrta inly not robcst by terestncl
wropon'y storocros.
This robot is an exhaustive
overhaul of the second Soviet
Space Programme's cosmonaut
buddy system Mounted with
independent and solar power
sources, and equipped
with dual gauss guns,
the Orbital Delegate
now circles the Earth
shooting down any
satel1ites that contravene•
sanctions and treaties.
ORBITAL DELEG ATE
Designed for its environment
3 The robot moves in on unnatufOl but
precise mormer, totolly unlike a human,
leovoq ns profile inorqomc.
3
The$e twomo in cylinder$run rightt hrOl.lgh t hemiddle ofthe te rse,bi$ect lng It .
Polnts to remember
2ThiSrobot is very sceocnzeo. so fui!
oucccuco ond monoeuvrobihtyare
not really necesscry.
2
Thebody ¡po" tlM ;' not asymmetricclbut 0150 not <::::::)dramat lc, 0$ 1.it enns ino vocuum. __,
zero-atmosph ere conslderations
1Remember this robot üccts but oceso't
fly. so its proñle rs not oerodynomic.
1
The two cail gun$~=~afe completelyidentical, 0$ aretheir mount ing$.
Zero-gravity designDue te its environment, theOrbital Delega te enccuntersno grav itotional stresses andst roms. Its Iimbs fun ctfon onlyos crtkulcuon ond are notload beoring. The exceptíon isthe orms, wrnch connect theguns to the torso and need tobe reloti vely reinforced. Thrs rsone of the rore coses whereaxis ond ground ptcne ore notvital foctors in your designo
... Space robotsSpace is e n erwíronrreot totaUy d ifferen t
from that in whiCh rT"IOSt robots wiUherve to
nocnco.000 ttuswill be reñectcd in e'Vf!fy
ospect of your designoSctclhte and spc cc
stcnon srcccs and prcpornons areexceüeot sources of reference nee.
Tht' $hape$of thi$ robotare a rewl l of ns complex$lructure ond serve nooutward pcrpose.
Even t he lorgetlat planes int hi$ dt'5ign$hould hove a$light deqreeof ambit'nt$hading.
... Getting the Iighting rightAlth ough not who lly cccurcte to the sharpl y
controsting Iighting of obJects in sooce. your
shoding should leen towcros a basicolly
recnsnc pcet rc yct. baJancing reousm with
the necd lo maintain mteresunq dctca.
... Environmentoi hczcrd sUse reñecnve wtntes 000 rretcmc coces,indudlng goIds. in obundance. On tbe robot
they wauld prevent extreme overheoting
frorn the suo's fOYS. Glowing lightscnd LEOsresemblc rhose of sotemtes orocontemporory spoce technology.
Bright ond meteü-c, tht' colOl.lf$of the Orbito l Oelt'goteresembre otht'r preces ofmochinery and spcce debristhct sptn in the Earth '$ orbit .
Curved , hunchedprofile crecees asmatler tor90.>t forsmall-orms t ire.
Render¡ngMaterials, p.1aJoints andMovement, p.30Attachments andEmbe llishments,
p.3.4
see- - '"ALSO_ --,
setenne dishestcbüshes upl inkfor dota oncurrent bounties.
Differently coloured headond pla ting denote recenUyrepleced ports thot hove )'('tto be camouflaged.
Metal clows gr ipwith (1 force of "000pounch. SHK3005 hovebeen known to np t heorms off fl eeing criminol swhile in hot pursuít .
Ptot ing Is hecvy ont he front of the robot,os this ts t he mostprobable directlon forobsorbing incoming nre.
Simple purposeThis robot was designed todisplay its smtster fu nctton.and its predatory cnd hunchedposture ilIustrate ttus role.Conceclment being ímportcnt.the robot wos designed with acamouflaged paint job in mind(something that can, if notcarefully planned, createa muddled image).
Death ' s headThe 5HK 300'5 heod can move freelyt o aim at anything in Its ñeld of vlew.Its íntncote to rgeting systems areconcent roted ot the stdes of itsfcce and neck, as ore its decdüestwecpons: two Iinked pulse guns. onelonq-rcnqe toser. and one non lethalbcjüsuc disobler.
l'l. l 11;;)..:.,¡C~,.L:.In the future , hardcore policing is entrusted
to machines. Their impassive minds are
foolproof insurance against corru ption in
the police force. The Bounty Hunte r5earch-Hunt-Kill (5HK) 300 deals with
the most dangerous criminals . It operateswith great stealth, and can
engage in extended pur suits that
would not be humanly possible
The 5HK 300 uses an
autonomous Al and, when needed,
it can quickly connect with the
central police mainframe. Thisrobot is deployedwhen a Judicial
decision has been made.
Often, the target is
executed on the spot
BOU NTY HU NTER SH K 300
, ' L ~'9</ Simple Iegsha¡M!S willbecomeonimoHike later.
3
Add sorne camauflogepatterns ond morkingsfor en oddit ionolelement of interes!.
... Layen a nd det a il
The f inal oppnccuon of octcus can be the
most time-coosuming phcse. Flc u en on
Iayers to ore fOf po inting ecse. U'>C uezoom func tion to add very fine de~o ils.
To mc ke the robot cppecr used
ond worn, crecte a ncw layer00 top ond pomt 00 sorneserete-es ond stoms.
Animal-like
2The 10119 bcrret shope cbove the lcgs
ccts as a farward h inge to ollow theHunle. te 'eco 00 ro 011 fours ct a rromeu'sronce for swifl ccune Jl1OV(!fTlf'nt,
2
Shade ond colourseveroJ voriot ionsof the robot.compare.andchoose the best.
The hull contai nsthe centralrornputer one! iscurved to deflectenemy fire. ----,-.J
Core stability
3AlthOugh huoched in shopc ond stcnce.the robot has a V('fy stoble struetule.
... Layen a nd lightWhen you're scusñcd with thc hnework enehove comrrntted it te ooe Iayel, the rextstcqe is adding coiour 000 vo/ume. Fill in the
loyer under the hnework. Choose your Iight
soorce corefully, und tct it guide you when
you stcrt uddtnq your «aocr. '" ,
The hunchback of intentellar space
1The Bounty Hunter IS humonoid with adominoting, curved, orrnoured proftlc
ondo hunchcd back.
1
•
Shoot firstThe shopes are st rictlyfunctionaL 1t must movequíckly. sheet cccurctety.ond withstond the hcrsbestconomons. The robot Is fittedwith jump j ets allowlng forsbort penods of lim ited f light.With the help of smollerarticuloted jets. u canmake very complex andunexpected mcnoeuvres.
... Digital drawingTllough tte whole image rs done in
Ptotosooo. tte ñrst stage is olwoysfreehond uncwoik. The test Ihing obout
drowing on the corrouter ts the pcssosny
fOl" changing the pictcre Ihroughout trecroot ive process without Ioss of qualily. You
con ecsüy zoom in und add fine details.
( reot e ('Yt!'Ysectianon a sepcrete layerso you con easllychonge onJy tncsec rees of the robotyou disllke.
This Bounty Hunterts organic ondlnsectile in d~¡9n.
TM tace mosk isdecorat ive. o nd dientswha desire jess
oggressive cppecroncesfor guord duties tendlo hove tht' 'oclorydefoutt replaced.
Working Digital/y,p.li¡Artistic Rendering.p.16RenderingMateria/s, p.18
see- - -'ALSO _ ---'
-- Thissensor octual1ye~tends during use,ond can retroctduring ccenbct,
The Samurai Guard is a r epur posed military
robot converted for private, civilian use Thecivilian model lacks the built-in weaponry of
the military ve rsion but retains some of the
armour plating and ECCM (electronic
counter-counter- measures) protective
systems The head is separate from the
body, held in place with a proprietary
antigravity/ electromagnetic system.
This allows the robot to use the
head as a floa ting remote camera
"
The clothing is primo.ltyccmpcsed of synthetics(lOO is d@Signedtorip easilylo I'frYent opponen lsfrom using it asa __combot ad vontoge.
The KEIGO personal sKurity robot
This particular consumer model wcsdesigned with integra l armour ond j ointprotectlon built into its 'clothlnq'. ltsproportions clso preclude rt weoringhuman dothing. Commercial retcñersoften customize the robot 's face plate.
,Decorative Int imidat ion
The KEIGO was planned to resembleo fearsome statue standing still in aroom during a senstnve meeting,causing the intimidated to fret overthe hkehhood of this stotue suddenlyspringing to life and attocking.
SAMURAI GU ARO
3
TM head isapproximotedd~f-_..I
~~~~~here to ineludeJ the helmel.
The fists oreoggressivelye1enched.
Bosicolly humonoid.t his robot has a wideond stable stc nce.
1
Human natureThis robot. llke the others. canbe broken down into simpleshopes such os cubes ondcylinders. The desig n of thtsrobot rs intended to resernbfethe human body but withexoggeroted proporttons thotemphcstze tts mcssíve stoture.
Shapely composition
1The posture ond cttltude
01(> defined ct the bcs«ccosuucnco stoqe. SO be soreu conveys the feel you wor rt
fOf your f inol desíqn.
Artist 's mod el
2AlthOU9h humanoid. thi s
robot stand<; at on
ortificially stiff angle. ils
chest thrust stoícoüy forward.
Core stobility
3ThOu9h you moy nevcr
show orear stot of yoor
ñnrsbed robot, understanding
its structcre from this angle
wil l hcíp yoo.
... Bold unesRefine and t igh t('fl up the oetous ond dcsign
ideos that yoo explored in tbe initial sketch.
ronceotrcte oetcas in the roce.and go terbcld . block unes.
For visua l unity.moke su re thegrophieal motifsrepeat throughthe designo
Use o simplelight ond darkcolour scheme.
... Backgrou ndIn yoor d igital pointing progromme.loy
down Q l ectongle or o warm red. orange or
brown colour in thc background. Then tr y
pointing tre robot in complementary hucs.
... Bosic colourOnce the e1ementary colour b10ds ore
opplied. work up t he br igl''lter spo ts of colour
ond dctoiling. especiolly on the foce. Apply
highlíghts whefe the light shines on tbedownword-focing surfoces o f tbe beco.
Md o subtle wosh ofwcrm colour over
tne whole po inting.
Indicote the glow oft he levlt(lting devlce Inthe pit of the neck with(1 stron9 highlight_
~ An eorlyprototype has
only two mms.
... This sketch
captures treorm moeemeots.
MULTIARMEDROBOT
... This voncuon rsrecoqnlznbly human
in oopecronce.
From 0 11 ongles
Helpef robots give tbe ortiSl a wioe ronge
of probable opprooches. When designing.
rememter tbct yocr robot will hove to« rteroct with peopIe.
Develop lng IdeasIr" o good idea to sketch out
simple exumplcs of youlhclper robot intelOcting wtth
comcsuc humon objeclsin the kinch of sctnnqs tberobot is lntended for.
Wh~s lnstecd of Iegsj ust d idn"( seem t e
fill}-¡i'i'I IT1Qtch the eexteccsuppef body.
The hip pivotsin movement,just like (1
humons dces.
The helper robot moyeven tcke on humonqestures suth as restingns hond on ns knee.
Many great robotic advances
will be made in the consumer
electronics market and
tomorrow 's robotic grenadiers
may well be today's robots
designed to walk the family dog.
Pleasant in appearance and
adapted to a varietv of tasks ,
these robots are a boon to
humanity Although personalhelpers have smíling,
approachable faces and are
very user-friendly, they
incorporate all the high-tech
design and intricate robotics
you would fmd in the most
cutting -edge machme.
As o robot hes noproblem conltollil'lC}mony differentoppendoges. tbeselimbs are orrongedin o set o, four.
11111
I
... A more worked-up sketchshows the design the artist ha schosen to develop.
l'
The sty liled femelemce is intended teoid in intefoctionwith humo n owners.
Aesthetic de<:is ionswill be prevalent inhetper robots: notel hese mock heers.
,
,~
/
,-
rne hip }aintoppeors os onell.oggeroledboll ond socket.
- ,
",."u '
Tbe seqrneetedorms hove awíde rtl l'lC}l!of movement.
A hell)ef robot'sell.trem it ies should beoble la interoct withobjects designed forhuman use.
I
lite ts Your Palette,p.21
lomts andMovement , p.30Bits ond Widgets,p.32
see-~"'I
ALSO
The humanoidproportions and sree oft his ADIUVO mcdelallow it t o weor humanctct hes when necessc ry.
The cercmlc/resínmoteriol ollows orqcn¡c,oesthet i(olly pleosing,humonold shcpes to bemoss-produced.
The exosketeton isslightly flex ible, butjcints ore stm needed inthe exterior skin t o oltowfull ronge of movement . __-....._
Simple construction
This robot can be broken downinto simple shc pes such as cubesand cylinders. which mokes it eosyto draw.
ROSOT FOUNORY A 5 5 15T AN T
light weightceramiclpolycorbonoteresln exoskeleton.
Humanoid rhythms
The overall design is mtended toresembre the human bod y: the facialfeatures and expression should clso.Use the eyes to mim ic a human qoze.
The ADIUVO Mark IV is the
most advanced consumer
personal -assistant robot in the
Adiuvo range, which began in
the late 21st century with the
original toylike Adiuvo I (see
page 4 3) The current modelhas greatly expanded functions
and abili ties and is often used
in civil and industrial situations
as .well as in its intended
domestic r ole.
l1=J
3
A D IUV O MAR K IV
Use humonUkej oints ond yourrobot wi ll be
;s:~:Z:=:::<c::¡;:::~~~~~~O~b l e to mckehumcnltkegest ures.
2
Mimic o.stfong,mc sculfnebody type.
,
1
Th is robot con movesubtly o.nd conw ymeo.ning thr0tf9hhumo.nl ike t ouchessuch os o sligh t turnof the hecd.
Off·axis stancePush the boxes and cylindersoff the vert ical axis. Thewetqht of t he robot still needsto be cent red, but tts bodycan lean and introduce gentl ecurves ond 'S' shapes into Itsstanding pose.
Core stability
3 Like a human, your robot
neeos a strong spme onda pelvis l o cnctsc en uprigh t
cc mc qe cno a strooq storce.
Overoll design shouldretem o friendlyeppeorcece.
... Finish ingThe oddition ot dork, almost block. join t
rrctencr cdcs a 3·0 quolity to the robot.
Spcctccotcr high!ights and glowing green
cyes complete the design,
With the colourblccked in, you conolter the hue ondsaturctícn if you wish .
Artist 's model
2Make use of a wooden
crtrst's rrcoer when
drawing the MOfk IV. Models
are cvcncblo al ony fine
nrt store.
'Y The right tone
Once tbe bese forms ore reroerod adjust
tbe colour ond scnaouon but eceo rt subtíeto ollow the sotcrcted scot-cooors in theeyes to stand out If-e dnterent 'Shades willcmpnosize certoin muscle groupings os well.
Shapely shapes
1By gracefully rounding
tre eierentcry stcoesused, the robot rs oble to
rT\OV(! in a fluid, human way..>- '; ,' ''ti, Id.,."~~ .r-.
S~mentotions
ond other designelements shouldechc humnnanotomy.
... Superhuman
The linework on this robot iS C"SS€'Otia lly of
lile mejor musde groups of the human
body. Leaving these rncsocs exposed gives
the AOIUVO MQfk IV not only o human but
o 'supethumcn ' cok. Use onotomicol cbcns
to qet the musctes just rtqht.
lorge lacquer boxcontains t he cogsaod switchingoboxesthat control the ctrrobes that leed tothe Korokuri.
Shint o cncrms olef ixed to t he enginebox aod ore said tohelp instil theKarakuri with o soul
Drawing and
Research, p.10Deve/oping Your
Ideas, p.26}oiOCs ondMovement , p.30
see- ALSO_ .....
Tea far the hcst andhis guest is presentedon a lacquered tray.
Two pneumat lcpumps funct ion asth e Karokurj ' s primemode of movement.
Delica t e f u.ictfonsWi lh o dcsíqn tncr's purcly for show. the
Kcrcju r¡ percrmsooly Simple teses. rts
Pfimory role rs l o cncrm guests. Resembling
a Iife·Sil (' doll in oess.tnc Karokuri rs cisc
coostJained by the nmas ct how far thetubing will reoch rron tre ensille lhat
powcrs il
Tanned skin tubingdeuvers compressedail from themain pumps.
The seventh Tokugawa, a
great patron of Karakuri
design during the Edo period ,
commissioned this robot .
Used to entertain guests
with its charming grace as it
carefully presents its hosts
with tea, the Karakuri has
also been used sparingly in
Japanese Noh theatre,
much to the shock,,
of the audience
when they
discover that the
masked actor is
a robot.
R OU O T FOU NDRY A S 515 TA NT
Ge isha .girl robot
The wig ond foce reserrole o worpcd
mpresston of a Getsho.The hmr ts real
and has to be ueo back and arrongcd in
the trodrttonot fushion, just like O real
woman 's. Dotcüs such os the heighlened
eyebrows ond light lipst ick ore ccoueo l o
olreody·pale porcelaio.
KARAK URI
ll-=Characteristk stance
3A ceuccte. fem inine
postura rs en importcnt
elcmeot in creo nnq thoímpressron desíred bythe orttst.
Posture and legs
2Note tnc permonentlybowed posture and Iegs
that don't tcck st raight.
2
Q
TI'Ie hay will balanceon th is arm tu will be T_ighted on the sideof t he ectunl teopat).
The Iaq~red bcxand cylinders arekept somewhatsimple, so t heydon't de t rnctattent ion fromthe actual robot .
1
Tube connections
1The f igure 000 the
rogine ere seccrctc.connecteo only by tubing.
The layen of dothwill drope ceert his frame.
Humanoid figureThe robot ís dist inct in that itcan be approximated as onelongated human figure, Basicstructure and articulation arefundamento lly humonoid, soemploy your Iife-drowingskil1s to do justíce to theñqure's gestures.
" Pa tte rn co nsidera t ionsDcn't be too coocemed wtth poneros onthe kimono a l this pont-, u woulo be fartoo much I rouble lo carry tbese thlough.Potteming con be npphed in row colourotthe end of the process,
Some influencesIespeclolly in the face)hove been taken fromth e styliled oktyc-ewoodbtocks of Jopan.
The block lacqueris defined by t hetiniest applicat ionof shine on sharpeoqes and paintsof highlight.
... Heavy contrastHeavy decrccs ot ccoucsr ore slolling lodevelop a l tt ns poinl- for excrnpie in thebalance of dark hair 000 block kx:quer with
shining porceknn e ro goId.
I
" Creoting parcela inThe ooceiom skin is of the pclcst while.liketbot of a coeneson or Geisho. 000 thrsstarkly cootrcsts with the richcocees 000
pctters of the kimono.
Tiny tcuches adddisproportionatejnt erest , such asthe Geisha-stylelipst ick application.
...-----Krrl'fU'nmnr¡rnVYIAí's5'sITSrs TANT----
seeALSO _ .....Drawing andReseQ(ch, p.10
Art istic Rendering.
p.16Bits and Widgets.
p.32
Metal plo.lesl ied te torsowith red clot h.
Creo.ting d oy texturesThe GoIem ts a servant crected out of OOyfoe manual Iobour.so try te créete e worn.chipped. rU9ged texture. rre GoIem is notan aggrC'SSOf and cpoccrsstrong onostecotcst rather thon dangerous.
__ Spikes. in the Ieetensure stabi lity.
The uerem's guise tsthet of on anclentJudoic priest , Q signte pec pre of caGalern's relo lían teits robbinicol cnctOf".
• _---- This eyebcu tS whOl:- the Golem act ua lly
sees with, a nd itswivels and glowsos it looks oround.
over-aqam.
Four orms (lid inmanual lobour.
AII.seeing eye
w hereos the conventiOnal pair af eres areblank ond cleodened. in tbe glowifl9 orb afOle drawn eye ttct the GolemU~ te seetbe WOfId. Ihts eye's inoo light ülumínctesond CO!OUfS the surrounding doy ondcomplcments the ovcrcn colour-schemc.
This legendary living s t a t ue is sculpted from
clay and instill ed with holy life to function as a
servant to its cr eator and as a protector of the
community The writing on its forehead gives it
the spark of life and removing part of this
inscription can deactivate the
Golem. Although it makes
an excellent assistan t, a
Golem is apt to get stuck
in loops and perform the
same tasks over and
..
1I~ll -
THE G O LEM
'~
This primitivesha pe isbasicallyahoopskirtsurrounding apo ir of Ieqs.
32
The upper ormsecttcn Is moreHke o drapings~ thon o
body port.
---The orm se pa rotesInto o newseqmeot otthe elbcw.
DolI·like jointsThe Golem 's shcpes and joints aresimilar in appearance to those of odon. It adopts Q st iff, erudelyhumanoid stcnce.
Freedom of movement
2The boll joints
coenecteq thc ormseqments allow a widefOnge of movemen.
... Mat eria ls
Hard, chipped. ecrthcn sbooes are «quíredhere, so keep things orqomccuy rooqh OMuneven. Keep in min<!o however. that 011 (heelemenls are quite stlft and unyielding.Conslstency ts «nportont te ensure tbot theGalern's becooress. for exomple. is
obviousIy made of the sorne rrcteocr os hiSskin. ond so oo.
Ready for action
1The GoIemawaitstuscroes.
... Watch your shadingThe shoding of the day iS ccoseteruoverthe whole robot.
In thls cose. the doyhas been maUeglozed , so thereflect ions andtextures shou ld beneithe!'" t oa shiny.no, t oa dull.
An imitation of life
3The design iS essenuoüyhumanoid, so call on
your ufe-drowinq skills.
The cent rol glowingblue highlights oreasof oronge glozing.
• Defining substance with colourThe da y rs well,woJn. cmpoeo ond glozed
with deep. warm huesoExceptions are therenccuve rretot txecsrpcte. red uesand treglowing b1ue eye. The metal chest pIote
reücc ts the ccioes around 11.
ROSO T FO U N D R Y A 5 5 15 TAN T
Orgonic ond constructed partsA1most whoIly rcsncoco from gathered. orgapor ts. this rccct's only ort¡flCially modceerncnts are its b1adesond baubles. As Wlth
otbcr puppets. 011 molion ond streng th a re
oerweo from outside roces (in thrs case. mo~
whkh lccves it strangcly ococotronco.
Second poir oforms ends In tong,sharp ñn qers fort hreshing mtllet .
Scythe for rllMlpingth e witch's horvlBts.
SEEALSO ____Drawingond
Research, p.1oArtistic Rendering,
p.16
Developing Yoor
Ideas, p.26
~_- Brooch from acemett!ry be'! foolst h'! ccptbe scct intot hinking of tht!PUPJH!t os its rightfulfiBt ing plcce.
(urf!<! gotmb.holtowed aMused os k'!y ports..
Tonned skinsdrcwn tight overbowed, woodenfmmes.
E)'l!1i on the mask erec1<m!d; l h'! puppetSl:!1!'S through thepointf!<! t hird eje.
Bundles oftied grosses.
Spry. strongsoptingsused os feet.
An Obeah servant of a witch , fashioned from
wood, br onze and gourds Wholly subject to the
will of its creator, a Witch Puppet is usually
deployed for mental tasks and is kept out of sight.
A monkey has been sacrificed so its spír ít can
inhabit each limb, and
human remaíns ar e
encased in the head
to manífest a
controlling spir-it .
Folktales tell of a time•
when Witch Puppets
destroyed whole
towns in ju st
a matter
of minutes.
Period piecesRemernbcs to keep the mc tencls in your
design ccos steot wñh this crce ot robot's
t ime and setnoq. For exomple, lhis curvecwooden crest ÍS bound by gross twine, and
tbe sone is rrcoc from stained,
inlerconne<:ting wooden venebce. In your
vcrsroo. üll c t trcsc motencls should cppenr
worn and well vscd
•WITC H PUPPE l
Texture emphasizes characterMost of the Wit ch Puppet rs composedof Iight ly foshtoned. organic shcpes. sotcke a look at real twigs ond grasses formspircnon. Sections - Iike the treebranches - can be drawn to resemblebones. emphcsrztnq t he puppet'sdeothly noture. Remembe r to keep odesign like thís sprightly. however, sot hat tbe robot appears Iight on itsfeet . rother t han heovy ond machinelike.
1
The nb coge is o l1 te rior lyshertened (shortenedtowo rds the froot) endla t e ra Uy elonga ted.
3
l ower set oforms is in arestiog posit ion.
Use deep. o rgoniccolours, especiollyon the metals tlKlthove begun to rusto
Arms and shoulders
3A loterally elongatedtorso provídes a
mount for tbe mm anclshoulder rotct íon
... Craftsmanlike colours
Cotours are 011 warm und dry: stctned wood. - "dned qross ond plont material. The coloursa re müoenced bytrcontooor AfriCen
artsond c c tts,
J
Functionali ty
2Thcse prlmltive clomen ts
are the keys to dcstqnmqo sncrqe. but plousibly
rurw::tlonal, body type.
... Care with shading
Rcmembcr rct to obsose the textures(t he tscoes of gross. thc graiosof wood)when applylng your shoding. The wood iS- '"stcmed, but not varnished. so don't mokeit too shiny.
Mast of the designis quite dar". Keep"ey poiot$, such asthe roce, pale asa ccot rcst .
,
Arranging Iimbs
1Be careful nol to mcke thefour arms too jumbled.
Core has been token in the ron angement te allow them O
full range of l'TlOIo'mlenl
.4. Deliberat e looseness
The lincwork is loase. but ns not cc rcress.lile rotcbesand impcffect ions in the
lines shouId cppecr dehberotelyorganic,not ITlessy.
lO<Ken up when drowingthis robot. Remembet"that~ moterialshOVoe befll grown. notrnanufoc:tured.
id.
l he feet never fullyleave the grOllnd.A concealecl metalwhefl is olwa~ incontad with theearth for purposes ofe lectríco l conduction.
Drowing andResearch, p.10RenderingM a!eria/s, p.18
see- - '"ALSO_ ....
lile hecd isjccqoered woodlight. but resilientto weather ondwecr ond loor.
tnccpcbre of speech.the Gentleman Gordenerwhistles seve rol populartunes as he worh. Poweredby bellows in his chestcovity, he seems to breetheI).etween songs.
-
To peotect thedelkate workingsinside the robot, theccct ls t reeted,woterpraaf lecther.
,R oa OT F O U N D RY i\ 5 5r 5TANT
Revealed in 177D to the
amazed court of George IIl,
the Gentleman Gardener was a
gift from the Fr ench monarchy
at the end of the Seven Years'
War. The robot's creator was
thought to be an apprentice of
Jacques De Vaucanson
(1709-1782) the great
automa ton builder S adly, therobot was destroyed in 1785by the King who, in a fi t of
madness, was convinced that
the robot was mocking him in
French as it raked the leaves.
-,
Programmed activityThe qlcss-fronted cbest piece has a sec ret lock mechcmsmto allow cccess to the dockwork interior. A rotating devicernstde holds o vcrtety of tcsk-spectñc cartridges. With aIittle study, lt is posstble to alter the mforrnctíon on tbesecortridges monuolly and reprogramme the robot.
Secret mecbcnísmHidden within therouer is a steomenqtne to aidlocomotion. TheGentleman Gardenerrsn't strong enoughto push such a weightand Is merely themec ns to steer ít.
GE NTL E MA N GARDENER
e-=:>3
(ore stability
3For the scke of pushingthe roller, ensure thct the
robot Is standing centred in
rela tiOf1 to the hondlebor.
The weight isd istrlbutedmoinly on tothe f ront foot .
12
The orms oremechonicollysymmetrical,r('Y1!Qlir\9 t he trueinorqonic natureof the robot.
o
'Rol!' model
2The robot leans forwordsl ightly as he onects
the ro ller.
:r
I solated shapes
1The Gardener js ahumanoid bipedol figure
mode out of cylinders
and bcxes.
In order to COrM!'yo sense of motian,moke tM robot Ie<lnforwo rd very slightly.
Lifelike machineThe design was influenced byautomoton designs o f theeighteenth ond nineteenthcentury. The croftsmen of th ist ime strove for on 'ímrtottonof hfe' ond desired to create
rea list ico lly human mochinesusing the moteriols at thei rd isposol.
Use genUe shodingfor most of t hedesign os there oreno high·contrastmercts presento
.. Linework
The drawing \YOs ocre with
a standard octtsrrcn'speneil (HB),
Ensure thot t he roll ~rls symmetricol ondcorefully constructed;u's the kind 01devicethat can immediately100k st ronge ifslightl y skewed.
... Shading in Paint erFor shad ing, U">C an acrylic dryblush in
Pointer, Thrs brush g ives o nce qmmy
texture ero is especiolly 900d fOldothing. Over the lineWOfk, colour amult iple lcyer in 60% grey.
Add on overlayte bring out theccntmst betweenthe shiny metoland t he dullerd ot h muter jels.
\... Traditional colouringAppIy an eorthy paJette Iayer in a ñctcolour. Da sorne colour reseorcn to identify
the coiours thot would hove been in popular
use during the time penco. Afterward, useodrybrush to add colour vonoots such as the
hrovily rcoqeo cheeks and lips.
The iron is o standardfitting on every Angel.It is alwo)'S reody·hected ond sto.ed int he cbest caYity.
The housekeepi ngcccessortes ore onlyovoiloble to the robot 1Is positicned direclly infron t of them. This 15 asofety fect ure oddedotter t he ftre of '57.
Working Digital/y .
p. l -4
Rendering
Materia/s. p.18Bits ond Widge!s,
p.32
see- ALSO
The halo glows wh~
Ithe Angel specks orrepairs are needed.
__o ......
,/ ,.,. A rubberlzed foce__- con be chosen from
(1 cotologue orboth mal.. ondf l!fT1(]le foces ondeasily fitted on l othe robot. C~ebrityroces are ovoi loble.
Voice comesfrom o speakerembedd ed inthe cnest.
/11 /1
•
The roil con be f ittedthroughout the ennreboese. ollowing totoloul omot ion of choees,
J,,,
R O B O T F O UN D RY A S S I STAN T
The Dornestic Angel w as the darling of the
I deal Home Exhibiti on in 1951 Th e w orking
prototype was a glimpse into the future that
few could resist. By the end of t he 1950s,
this robot was a common feature in suburban
households. Th e inventor, a tto Braunw al d,
died mysteriously in 1960. Sorn e say that he
was silenced before he could reveal the
otherworldy oriqins of his technology
Mechanic VS. organicThis desíqn is very perlad ortented.and very little mechcrncs wereintended t o be visible. The head hasen unsettlingly drsconnected feel tothe rest of the body.
•The ecmputer control$ 011dcmesnc chafes. Topes (lOOupdctes ore reosonoblyprk ed . French cuisine ls~e ne of the biggest selle rs. ~
Retro in spi rationsThe mcln theme for tbrs robot was19 505 American futurist designoTheAngel was enqmeered t o befunct ional and beuevc bte. while sti llretaining its retro sci-f look.
DO MESTIC AN G E L
Made to measureResembling o bcstc kitchenappliance, the robot ls stockstroight ond firmly onchoreddespit e its humanoidoppeorcnce. Extremelyspectñc funct ions oreiltust rated by the robot'splonned structurclttmttctrons.lack of reoch ondapparent cdcptcbmty .
The trunk cylindercon « nete. givingthe robot eccess t eany pcrt of thekitchen counter.
~
:0
1
The neck isincHned forwardt o better ollowviewing oftne counter.
2
Elementary shapes
1lhis ts a humcncid-shcped
robot rmnus leqs. cttocbcdto a series of boxes.
Crazy train
2Beca use the robot Ison
rcus.weight d ist ribution
rsn't an rssoc.
Elbow room
3Ensure thot tberc tsenough turning spccc
for the robot.
_ _ _ _ -J,
This robot is coveredwith chrome and othervay shiny moteria ls..Use the dry brush tework an overlay loyerond bring up the shiny O__..-lhighlights using opolette of the originalcolours and white.
... Vi ntage floyou rs
Cboosc bfighl ' ice cream porlour ' coiours lo
reflect tbe time periodo AppIy tne colour flat
on a multiply layer until you ore hoppy with
the QV('foll cocccrcrce. Addodditional highlights and colours
en a new multiply layer.
'rbese twccconected plonnshore the sorne~de, which linksthem toqether in t hevi_'s percept ion.
'I/f Highly polished surfoces
Use en oirbrush in Pointer for shadnlg. o.-crlhe linework. colour o multiply Ioyer in 60%grey. ThiS willleovc you wtth o poIiShedfinisll ideal fOf sur foces lile Ioquered metal,chrome and for rrscc.
...SketchingAt tre drawing cocse.ensere trct ycc'rchappy with the perspecnve and t f-e robots
relation lo us ewnonrncru.
~"'" ,,,""0 ,
The ecunt ee and"'-G._ J surround inqs should-----J...!...- - - ~J not steet any of theYiewer's focus awoy
h om t he robot.
Somple-<ontoin.e.st rips anotyzesompes.
-.
Hyperdense metalalloy wit hstandsefIorrn0u5 pressures.
seeALSOWork;ng
Tradit ionally , p.12Bits and Widgets,
p.32Attachments andf mbellishments,
p.3lt
• l: •Crustocean-like headpacks ligh t beomsand high·reso ll,lt ionphotosenSOfs.
Di§9uised hondshide mcssfveorray of tccts.
, ,
Biome(hon i( ol skineurccts corol growthond ccstcceers.
•
Sensitive pincersMerbot 's crablike daws wteld amulutude of t oots t hc t it deploys l oanalyze samples using en ecoloqrccüysound process that motntcms tbemarine balance.
Denizens of the deepMerbots are des igned to blend in withth elr envrronment. buryi ng themsefvesin the secbed to escope predatorsand attracting cotomes of coral ondcrustccecn s. Brornecbcnctc l ñns breakup the croblike earopace os Merbot stalkst he dept hs self-generoting power likenn electnc eeL •
IJ.r-~[._..__.1......
The undersea world has fascinated
man for centuries, but the
wonders of its deepest
reaches proved irnpossible to explore
until Merbot 5 was developed . Like a
submari ne, Merbots can withstand
the pressure of extreme depths, but
unlike manned craft these
hyperintellig ent machines
can explore for months
without surfacing while blending
with.the environment and
gathering terabytes of data.
_ _ -----m:rnu ¡ F o (JN"D"R~'S 51 S TA Ñi
MARINE EX Pl ORER ROSOT
3
FunctionalityThe f inished robot st ill looks Iike ttts mude from dtstorted boxes andother simple shcpes. Oesign ñounshessuch as sptkes. ñns and otherfeotures cré ete the rmpresston offunctíoncl reolrty.
Humanoid bodyelements beneothcomplex sorfcce designo
1
Heod·shopedomed towithstondpressure.
Powerfulforeormscomplet e og i~
up~ orms.
2
Body st ruct ureal1~ water taflow oround it.
Tlny hlp afeafar minimalresistonce.
"\ Mechon icoldetoil ing resemblesiron worships.
- '
Resistance
3Set the axis te suggest
a rrocure pustllng
oga insl the water.
.. Watercolours for water dwellersTry using wotercolour finishes en yourMerbot design - un oppropncte medom forthis mar ine inhabitant and fecrless explorer
of the underseo kingdoml
long range
2HiP angle and porsesuggest stalklng
movement.
.. Natural machineNote how tbe surfoce detoiling imtially
oppears worlike und oggressive. but rs in
foet desígned te a ttroct and eoteh naturaleementsond erectores.
Deceptive surfcce
1Simple shcpes underpin
detcñed sofcces.
, ' -
Use sea ptantste r inspirot ionbut retoin d ('(lnmechonicol lines.
Begin to pencil incomplex surfecef10urishes wit hcrisp linework .
... Metallic tones
Begin l o odd rieh sncoows to suggest
depth and cersoccnvc. and use
aosshatehing te give yoor shading omecbcmcct mercmc aspecto
,
,
J
111r-I=1NDEXAAdiuvo -43Adiuvo Mork IV 112-113omphibious robot 74-75onatomy)3ont ;-peBonnel functions 34-35ottochments 34-35
mi litary 36-37
Bboll on d socket jolnt 31block ops rifle 37books 1180unt)' Hunter 5HK 300 106-107Broinbot 55bmss, te depiet 19Bross lion 58-59
thumbnails 26-27Brounwald. Olto 122Brunel, lsambord Ki"9dom 58burnished w rflKe, lo depict 18
eCopek, Karel 6carrying coses 35character sheets 10-1 1d oy robot 115-11 7c1erk robot 90-91dese support rifl e 36Col-Erase penclls 12colouring 24-25combot speclctist robot 49communicotions orroy 34compute!' files, l o orgonize 14compl.lter-qeneroted imogery. lo
depict 90eoncept doodles 27contour lines 16contropposto pose 69CQBlSei:urity rifle 37ecss hotching 16erowd-control robot 100-101
oDe Vauc:onso n, Jocques 120eeccts 20dig itol cornera 1Sdigital mediums 12, 14-1 5OOOi 5/0dogw<llker deluxe 5/0Oomest k Angel 122- 123
EElektrograd 76-77Emule /02Encyd ka l Purger 102-103
thumbnails 26-27erasers 12ExtermirKItor 98-99eyecíece 96eyes 112, 116, 118
FFoctcey-Llne Worker 82-83FoUybot "7' femole' robots 110-111,
114-11 5fighter robots "5, "g, 56-57,
58-59, 68-69frome, humonoid 34-35
Ggorboge collectOl' ra bot 80-81gorboge d i~1 robot 51gon:!ener robot 120-121geisho ro.bot 114-1.15
gerN!rol purpo5e rifle 36genet icolly cul tured robot
82-83Gentleman Gordener 120-121glOOiotor robots 44, "6glozing 17Golem, The 116-11 7Grf'f'nbot 52Grunter 88-89guord robot 108- 109gun metal, to depid 19
Hhonds 30I'lotching 16heovy support rifle 36Hephoestus ' Anvil70-71high-risk robot 53highlighting 17,23hil'l9es 31hoYering robots "6, "8, 90-91humonoid robots " 3, "9, 56-57,
68-6g, 76-77, 82-83,102-103,106-107,108-109, 110-111,112-1 13, 114-1 15,11 6-117,120-121, 124-125
1imoge secrch en gine 10-1 1l ndutex u rbcn-seoewcr 80t 84-85insectile robots 52 , 80-81, 8"-85,
86-87,98-99ínspirotion 8-9integroted weoponry 56-57int errKIl components 86-101Internet 10-11
sef' o lso _Mites
)jo intin930-31jump jf'ts 35, 107
KKorokuri 11" - 115KEIGO personal securny robot
108-109
Llominotes, to depict 20leg. ondroid 33life drowing 10li9ht source 13, 53, 77linewofi¡ 22Iogos 20
MM2" Housen 66-67moil-del ivery bot "2Moin Bottle Wolker, MKl
72-73mointenonce robot 84-85Monto " 8Morinf' Exptorer Robot 124-1 25Mortiol Queller 100- 101mosking 73, 87mosonite board 13moterioJs: to differentiote 65, 69
0f9oniC 21to render 18-20unusua l 21
Medved Production Ty~ 62-63Merbot 5 124-125metols, t o df'pict 18-19
pointed 19Militory Incursion Robot "9misslle Iouncher robot 64-65
MK1 Moin Battle Wolker72-73
moni tor, compu ter 14Monkeybot "4multi-ormed robot 110-111
NNokotom i Clf'rk 90-91Nonobot 80-81nop alm thrower 3", 35nouticol robot 7" -75
oObeoh robot 118-119Off·World Troder 92-93OGUS 68-69Orbital Delegote 104-10S
t humbrKIii's 26-27Or9<mic Generol·Use SoIdier
68-6.orgonk robot 68-69, 80-81
PPAH5·58 "5PonZf'rfluch AU5F G 60-61poper 13pcrcteocper rifle 37personal ossistont robots /0 3,
110-1 11, 112-1 13,11 4-11 5,116-11 7,1 20-121 ,1 24-1 25
photos, refereoce 15piping 33plast ic, to depict 20, 21policin9 robots 100-101,
106-107portfolio 10Predotor SOPrisoner Contoinment Robot
96-97prO$thetic comma nc!o 55Prctotype Hover Robot "6purger robot 102- 103
Rreccnnctsscnce visor 3Sreference photos 15research 10-11retroding purts 32rifles 36-37«ecnc corhop /0 7robotk lOO ""robots: omphibious 7"-75
comop47doy 116-117clf'fk 90-91combo t sceocüst 1,9crowd-<ontrol l 00-10 1dogwolker 54'femole ' 110-11 1,114-11 5fighter 45, /09 , 56-57, 58-59,
68-69gorboge co llecl;on/disposol
51,80-81gordener 120-.121genetico ll y cultured 82-83gladlotor 44, 46guard 108-109high-rlsk 53hover " 6, 48, 90-91humonoid 43 , 49, 56-57, 68-69,
76-77,82-83,102-103,106-107,108-109,110-111,112-113,114-115,116-117,120-121 .124-125
inseet ilf' 52, 80-81 , 84-85,86-87,98-99
moil-delivery 42maintenonce 84-85marine explorer 124-125missi le launcher 64-65rKl uticol 74-75Obeoh 110-119organic 68-69, 80-81personal ossistant 43, 110-111,
112-1 13,11 /0-1 15,1 16-117,120-121 , 124-1 25
policingl 06-107prisoner-contcjnment 94-95prosthetic 55pu rger 102- 103so lvoger 88-89spece 104-105steom-powert'd S8-59stocky 40-41tonk 60-61, 62-63, 66-67.
70-71,72-73tank-eolmer 96-97troder 90-91
S519 5yringe 50 int 86-87sal voger robot 88-895amurai Guard 108-1 09scanne r 15screw heods 32sec rch eng ine 10-11segmentedjoint 31Sentinel 53shoding 17, 23shorpenf'r, e lect ric 13sniper rifle 35spcce robot 104-105spy hunter robot SOst eom-powert'd robot S8-59Steel Lotus Tonk Colmer 96-97st ocky robot 40-415ubhunter 74-75su pport fight~r "5surveillonce robot 52Syringe Soint, 519 86-87
Tta blet 15toble t PC 15tank-ealmer robot 96-97tonk robots 60-61, 62-63, 66-67,
70-71 ,72-73TAS·21 Nf'ed le 64-65texture 52, 73, 1193·0 modelli"9 10--113·0 softwore 89thumbnai!s'26-27troder robot 90-91tradit ionol mt'd iums 12-13
Uun iversal hinge 31Urbo n Renewa l Bot 84-85
VVictorian ornomenta tio n 59
Wwotercolour po int 77 , 97, 125weopons 36-37, loO, 70, 72,
98,104_bsites 8WheeI·E 51wiring 33Witch Puppet 118-119work station 13
digital 14
~l
--'''J r
r~llar--iJr-~:I:~eDITS .Quarta would hke to thank and ocknowledge the follow ingortists for supplying work reproduced in this book:
Key: t " tcp. b .. bottom. I " left. r " right, e .. center
Rolcnd Caron http://goron3d.freeJr 127: Kevin Crossleywww.kevcrossley.com 10. 11 b. ~()-.41 . Si¡, 56-57. 76-79.94-99.110-111. 124-125: Th ierry Dorzonwww.barontieri.com 29. 52: David [email protected] 42. 88-89, 120-123; l orenzHideyoshi Ruwwe www.hideyoshi-ruwwe.com 48. 50; Radol avar rcdospkoruum.sk 53. 106-107; Corlen Krugerwww.corlen.cdrentwc re.ccm t - S, 27r. 28. 30t. 31t, 32t, 36t,37r, 4l¡, 1.¡7, 51, 92-93; Kerth Thompsonwww.keiththompsonort.com 22-25. 26, 27 1, 3l¡b, 35. SS.
1
58-75, SD-87. 90-91. 100-1 05, 114-1 19; Frenos Tsoiwww.teamgt.com 34t.38-39.43. 108-109.1 12-1 13. 12David White www.mechazone.com 45, 46, 49.
Quarto would also like to acknowledge the following:ParamountJThe Kobal Collection 9c: Charles Q'ReorlCorbis 32bl; Chns Middleton for additional texto
Al! other iIIustrations and photographs are the copyrigof Quort o Publ ishing plc . While every effort has beenmode t o credit contributors, Quarto would like toapologize should there hove been any omissions or err- and would be ptecsed to make the appropriotecorrection for future editlons of the book.
..
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