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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp.

Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1

ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976

© IAEME Publication Scopus

A STUDY ON REPLACEME

PG Student, Civil Engineering

Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,

ABSTRACT

Background/Objectives: Water utilisation is the major technological trend in today’s era.

India is one of the leading producers of rice and one of its by product rice husk that is obtained

during its processing is used mostly as fuel in boilers. With

concept of new development and thinking, the present paper is done by replacement of cement

with rise husk ash (RHA) partially which is an environmental threat is being introduced to

concrete mix to reduce the land damage. Addition of RHA may influe

Findings: Concrete mix with different percentages of RHA (i.e., 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%,

20%&25%) the grade used is M25and strength of 7days and 28days are determined by the

codal provision. Applications/Improvements:

main concept of using RHA is economical.

in near future has a wide range of importance will exist.

Key words: Rice husk ash, OPC, Mechanical properties.

Cite this Article: Ch. Eka Sai

Rice Husk Ash. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology

723–727.

http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1

1. INTRODUCTION

Cement is one of the main ingredient of Concrete. Cement is responsible for 5% of global warming.

During manufacturing of cement, one of the green house gases CO

minimized by using pozzolonas as replacement of cement. Some of the research

use industrial wastes such as fly ash, ggbs etc and agro waste like rice husk ash, sugar cane bagasse

ash, ground nut shell ash etc were replaced in cement partially. Various researchers had proved rice

husk having good pozzolonic properties. India is the second largest country producing rice. Rice husk

is the by product obtained in rice mills. Nearly 20

grains. Around 20 million tonnes of Rice husk ash is obtained per annum. Its dispo

IJCIET/index.asp 723

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 723–727 Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_085


6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316

Scopus Indexed

A STUDY ON REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH

RICE HUSK ASH

Ch. Eka Sai Kumar

PG Student, Civil Engineering Department,

K L University, A. P, India

V. Raju

Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,

K L University, A. P, India

Water utilisation is the major technological trend in today’s era.


during its processing is used mostly as fuel in boilers. With Methods/ Statistical analysi



concrete mix to reduce the land damage. Addition of RHA may influe

Concrete mix with different percentages of RHA (i.e., 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%,


Applications/Improvements: The strength properties ar

main concept of using RHA is economical. In present scenario it may be a unique concept but

in near future has a wide range of importance will exist.

: Rice husk ash, OPC, Mechanical properties.

Ch. Eka Sai Kumar and V. Raju, A Study on Replacement of Cement with

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology


the main ingredient of Concrete. Cement is responsible for 5% of global warming.

During manufacturing of cement, one of the green house gases CO2 is emitted. This problem can be

minimized by using pozzolonas as replacement of cement. Some of the research



perties. India is the second largest country producing rice. Rice husk

is the by product obtained in rice mills. Nearly 20-30% of Rice husk is obtained for one tonne of rice

grains. Around 20 million tonnes of Rice husk ash is obtained per annum. Its dispo

[email protected]


NT OF CEMENT WITH

Water utilisation is the major technological trend in today’s era.


Statistical analysis: The



concrete mix to reduce the land damage. Addition of RHA may influence it properties.

Concrete mix with different percentages of RHA (i.e., 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%,


The strength properties are calculated. The

In present scenario it may be a unique concept but

A Study on Replacement of Cement with

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp.


the main ingredient of Concrete. Cement is responsible for 5% of global warming.

is emitted. This problem can be

minimized by using pozzolonas as replacement of cement. Some of the research works are on going to



perties. India is the second largest country producing rice. Rice husk

30% of Rice husk is obtained for one tonne of rice

grains. Around 20 million tonnes of Rice husk ash is obtained per annum. Its disposal is creating lot of

Ch. Eka Sai Kumar and V. Raju

http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 724 [email protected]

problems. When it is burned, the obtained material is known as RHA. RHA contains SiO2of nearly 80-

90% responsible for having pozzolonic properties.

In this experimental work rice husk ash replaces cement partially at different proportions such as

0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Tests are conducted on hardened concrete.

2. OBJECTIVES

The primary objectives of the study are

• the practicability of utilizing the Rice Husk Ash in concrete production as partial replacement of cement

• to determine the amount of RHA that can be partially replaced with cement.

3. METHODOLOGY

3.1. MATERIALS

• Cement: Ordinary Portland cement of grade 53 confirmed to requirements of IS: 1229-1987 with

specific gravity of 3.15.

• Fine aggregate: Locally available river sand satisfying requirement of IS: 383-1980. Specific gravity is

2.58

• Coarse aggregate: Crushed angular aggregate of nominal size 20mm.specific gravity is 2.80

• Water: Water confirming to IS 456-2009

• Rice husk ash: Collected from Guntur rice mill. It is burned under controlled temperature and sieved

by 150 micron sieve. Specific gravity is 2.05.

3.2 Mix design

Mix design is done as per IS:10262. The mix proportion taken is 1:1:2 with water cement ratio of 0.42

3.3 Casting

A total of 108 specimens are casted where 36 specimens are cubes, 36 specimens are beams and 36

specimens are cylinders and left for 24 hours respectively.

3.4 Curing

After 24 hours of casting concrete mix samples are removed from moulds and cured for 7and 28 days.

3.5 Testing

The strength tests i.e., compression test, split tensile test, flexural test conducted for 7days and 28 days

as per Indian Standards.

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

As per IS standards tests are conducted such as compression test, split tensile test and flexural test.

After conducting tests the average of three samples are noted in tables and plotted in graphs for

percentages of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% which are as shown in graphs (figure1, 2, 3) below

for 7 days and 28 days

A Study on Replacement of Cement with Rice Husk Ash


Table 1 Chemical composition of RHA

Component % of composition

SiO2 86.91

Al2O3 0.5

Fe2O3 0.87

CaO 1.04

MgO 0.85

Na2O 0.69

K2O 3.16

Table 2 Compressive strength in N/mm2

0% 5%, 10% 15%, 20% 25%,

7 days 19.78 21.97 24.89 17.82 15.75 8.26

28 days 31.75 35.78 32.78 24.48 22.15 14.46

Table 3 Split tensile strength in N/mm2

0% 5%, 10% 15%, 20% 25%,

7 days 1.40 1.97 2.39 1.03 0.7 0.36

28 days 2.34 2.96 3.38 1.59 1.26 0.81

Table 4 Flexural strength in N/mm2

0% 5%, 10% 15%, 20% 25%,

7 days 2.3 2.95 2.45 2.07 1.15 1.04

28 days 3 4.25 3.75 3.37 2.25 2.05

Ch. Eka Sai Kumar and V. Raju


Figure 1 Compressive strength for 7 and 28 days

Figure 2 Split tensile strength for 7 and 28 days

Figure 3 Flexural strength for 7 and 28 days

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

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% of cement replaced with RHA

7 days

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% of cement repaced with RHA

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0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

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% of cement replaced with RHA

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28 days

A Study on Replacement of Cement with Rice Husk Ash


5. CONCLUSIONS

Following are the outcomes drawn from the above study:

• Cement can be replaced with RHA up to range of 0-15%.

• It is clearly shown that RHA has the prospective to be used as partial replacement material for cement

as it has pozzolanic properties

• The problem of disposal of RHA is reduced.

• The greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced up to a major extent by replacing OPC with RHA in

concrete

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