Adenosine Triphosphate

Energy from photosynthesis or cellular respiration

Windmills Harnessing the Flow of Air

Sawmills Harnessing the Flow of Water

Chemiosmosis

H+ H+

H+

H+H+

H+

H+ H+

H+

H+

H+

H+H+

H+

H+

H+H+

H+

H+

H+

H+H+

H+

H+

ADP PATPADP PATP

ATP Synthase

ChemiosmosisHarnessing the flow of protons to make ATP

H+H+H+

H+ H+

H+

H+

H+ H+

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+H+

H+

H+

ATP Synthase

Needs:Proton (H+) gradientATP synthaseADP and P

H+H+H+

H+

Electron Transport ChainUsing E from electrons to build a proton gradient

Electrons release E as they move down the ETCETC pumps protons across membrane

H+ H+

H+H+ H+

H+

ADP PATP

H+

H+H+

e-

Review Questions1. How can a cell put together ADP and

another phosphate to form ATP?2. How can a cell build up a proton

gradient (a difference in concentrations of protons across a membrane)?

3. How can a cell energize electrons?4. What problem(s) might arise if the

membrane used is the cell membrane?