Assisting Municipalities in Assisting Municipalities in Implementing NPDES Phase II Implementing NPDES Phase II
Stormwater ProgramsStormwater Programs
Wendi Hartup
&
Mitch Woodward
Area Environmental Agents
Phase II:Phase II:Burden for Small CommunitiesBurden for Small Communities
NPDES Phase II’s - 80% < 20,000 (40 < 5,000) Difficult for small municipalities to provide the
expertise and resources 116 Phase II jurisdictions have nearly identical permit
requirements
Needs of ‘Phase II’s’Needs of ‘Phase II’s’
• Seeking input at the beginning• ‘Turn – Key’ Training Needed for Staff• Workshops / Tours in convenient locations • Providing “how-to” guidance and specific
examples• Showcasing examples of effective stormwater
ordinances• Encouraging partnerships• Including Phase I’s in training
Improving Field Staff Understanding - Improving Field Staff Understanding -
Why did our city start this program?Why did our city start this program?
1. Because we have to! (Comply with federal & state rules.)
1. To protect local water quality.
2. To present a positive image to the community.
www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwaterwww.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater
Development Development ImpactsImpacts
on the Water Cycleon the Water Cycle
Development Development ImpactsImpacts
on the Water Cycleon the Water Cycle
50%50%50%50%10%10%10%10%
15%15%15%15%55%55%55%55%
Photos: Photos: NEMONEMO
Photo: Forest History Society
Phase II Six Minimum Phase II Six Minimum MeasuresMeasures
Goal: reduce pollutants in urban stormwater compared to existing levels in a cost-effective manner.
•Public Education and Outreach
•Public participation/Involvement
• Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination
•Construction Site Runoff Control
•Post-Construction Runoff Control
•Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping
Pollution Prevention & Good Housekeeping:Pollution Prevention & Good Housekeeping:
What is it?What is it?
Keeping our own local government facilities clean to reduce pollution to our streams and rivers.
www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwaterwww.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater
Where do these activities occur?Where do these activities occur?
Fleet Maintenance
Transfer Station
Animal Shelters
Wastewater Treatment Plant
Water Treatment Plant
Construction Debris Site
Transit Authority
Vehicle Wash Operations
Airport
Fleet Maintenance
Transfer Station
Animal Shelters
Wastewater Treatment Plant
Water Treatment Plant
Construction Debris Site
Transit Authority
Vehicle Wash Operations
Airport
Public Works Operations
Prisons
Emergency Service Facilities
Fire Stations
Landfills
Schools
Parks
Waste Recycling Centers
Pump Stations
Public Works Operations
Prisons
Emergency Service Facilities
Fire Stations
Landfills
Schools
Parks
Waste Recycling Centers
Pump Stations
www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwaterwww.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater
Fueling, washing and maintaining vehicles
Store used fluids properly.
Be aware of leaks nears drains!
Look for and correct leaks on or around equipment.
What are the differences between these two fueling stations?
What can you do to reduce pollution here?
www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwaterwww.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater
Have spill kits readily available and use them!
Avoid Situations Like This!
Storing materialsStoring materials
Used and Bulk Oil Storage: Well Maintained and Neat!
Neatly organized materials.
Moisture + Iron + Temps above 32F =
RUST !!!
Maintain curb and gutters free of soil and trash.
Handling garbageHandling garbage
Keep trash dumpster lids closed.Keep liquid and hazardous wastes out of dumpsters.
Good
Bad
Ugly
x
Maintaining streets, rights of way and parking Maintaining streets, rights of way and parking lotslots
Maintain curb and gutters free of soil and trash.
Minimize the use of fertilizers and pesticides in and adjacent to curbs.
Photo: NCSU TurfFiles Center
If you’ve got it, use it!
Landscaping and open spaceLandscaping and open space
Image: Cumberland Co. Cooperative Extension Center
Round-Up Gone Wild!Maintain a buffer zone of grasses or natural vegetation
between maintained turf and waterways.
Pollution Source?:
Yes
No
Don’t Know
A broom doesn’t always mean good housekeeping!
Don’t sweep or blow fertilizer or yard waste into the storm drain.
Spill ResponseSpill Response
Keep emergency contacts and dry clean up materials in vehicles.
Photo: HMHTTC
Main goal: Keep spills out of the storm drain.
Photo: Spill Containment Inc.
Keep spill response kits near potential spill areas.
For more information on Pollution For more information on Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping, see:Prevention/Good Housekeeping, see:
http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/phase2/measure6.htm
The web site contains sample inspection forms for The web site contains sample inspection forms for different types of facilities (all approved by DWQ).different types of facilities (all approved by DWQ).
www.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwaterwww.ncsu.bae.edu/stormwater
Discharges into storm Discharges into storm drainage systems drainage systems (pipes, streams, (pipes, streams, ditches, water bodies) ditches, water bodies) which are not which are not composed entirely of composed entirely of stormwater and have stormwater and have not been permitted. not been permitted.
Illicit Discharges (IDs)Illicit Discharges (IDs)
Best Conditions for Finding Best Conditions for Finding IDs:IDs:
Prolonged dry periodsNon-growing season: fall – winter – early
springLow ground water levelsStop during rainfall
Key: No runoff event for the Key: No runoff event for the last 48 - last 48 - 72 hours72 hours
Eyes / Nose / Ears:Eyes / Nose / Ears: Use your eyes
- Materials dumped illegally into storm drains?- Small pipes draining and it hasn’t rained? - Spilled oil or paint, colored water, foam, floatables?
Use your nose- Unusual odors- Sewer smell- Detergent ‘clean’ smell- Fuel / oil
Use your ears - Small pipes draining and it hasn’t rained?
Note ‘Stream-side’ Activities -Note ‘Stream-side’ Activities - Construction Activity? Wastewater from sewers and septic systems? Vehicle maintenance activities? Industrial areas – commercial sites? Direct dumping
into storm drains
or streams?
What if you find something?What if you find something?
Fill Out Data Collection SheetInform Municipal Stormwater staff
"Quiz Time""Quiz Time"
Violation? Yes, this is an illicit dischargeWhat is it? Paint SpillCharge? Company owner was notifiedAction taken? Paint was cleaned that day!
Violation? Yes, this is an illicit dischargeWhat is it? Antifreeze dripping and flowing across the parking lotCharge? Multiple offences, met with district managersAction taken? Managers will send letter biannually to all shops about Illicit Discharge Ordinance.
Violation? NoWhat is it? Air Conditioning Condensation
Violation? Yes, this is an illicit connectionWhat is it? Discharge from residential washing machineCharge? First Offense, Letter of violation requiring cease dischargeAction taken? Property owner capped the pipes and discontinued use of washing machine
Violation? NoWhat is it? Bacterial Growth in almost Stagnant Water
Violation Yes, this is an illicit connectionWhat is it? Disconnection of sewer serviceCharge? First Offense, Letter of violation requiring property owner to fix the connectionAction taken? Public Utilities worked with property owner to repair the connection
Violations? Yes, this is an illicit discharge, but better to educate rather than fine.
What is it? Fertilizer and Lawn waste
DeliverablesDeliverables
The How to Do Phase II web site: (http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/phase2)
25 “How to Do Phase II” workshops Four “train the trainer” workshops Time Cost: 40 hours a piece to advertise, travel,
plan, make site visits, make slides and teach each workshop / tour.
OutcomesOutcomes 18 workshops 522 participants Participants included:
public utilities, town operations, stormwater, landscaping, facilities management, police, and fire.
5 illegal vehicle wash areas eliminated
Additional spill stations
Fuel dispensing standard operating procedures (SOP’s) developed
Improved site cleanup frequency
Improved stormwater BMP maintenance
New drain guards Re-designed their solid
waste transfer station New vehicle wash bays
Training value - $25-30 per participant
PartnersPartners – ‘How to Do Phase II’ – ‘How to Do Phase II’
Bill Hunt - Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist Annette Lucas - Extension Associate Mitch Woodward - Area Environmental Agent Wendi Hartup - Area Environmental Agent Christy Perrin and Patrick Beggs - Watershed Education for
Communities and Officials Mike Randall - NC DENR Division of Water Quality
Stormwater Unit Chrystal Bartlett - NC DENR Stormwater Education and
Outreach Coordinator