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Page 1: Background Disasters, Environment (Water) and Risk ...sea.exceed-swindon.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/PRS-1-7.pdf · Aqaba (Aqaba Special Economic Zone ), Gulf of Aqaba located

Background

Disasters, Environment (Water) and Risk

Reduction

- Aqaba Flood Management/Jordan –

Prepared by: Sana‘a Al-Aqqad,

The University of Jordan

Water, Energy and Environment Center

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Case Outline

1. Disasters, Environment (Water) and Risk Reduction

Background

2. Jordan Background

3. Background of study area

4. Study Area Maps: flow direction, Catchment and

watershed

5. What is the problem

6. Problem Causes and effects

7. Proposed solutions

8. Remaining issues

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Background

What is a natural disaster?

• A natural disaster is the consequence of an event, which

causes significant loss to human lives and property.

• A Disaster is defined as the interaction between an

event and human activities.

• A Disaster is often described as a function of hazard,

risk and vulnerability.

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Background

Goal of Environment (Water) and Disaster

Management

• The goal of Environment and Disaster Management is the safety and sustainability of human lives.

• Safety is related to avoiding death and injuries to human lives during a disaster.

• Sustainability is related to livelihood, socio-economic, cultural, environmental and psychological aspects.

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Background

Disasters - Conflict

- Natural Disasters

- Population

- Migration

Development

- Water

- Health

- Education

- Environment

- Poverty

- Reducing Risk

- Enhancing Security

Environment -Air

- Land

- Sea

- Built

Human

Security

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Background

Many disasters are primarily water-related, or

impact upon water supply and provision for multi

sector uses. Consequently, water management

approaches have lessons and experience of value to

disaster risk reduction approaches, and vice-versa.

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Background

The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Aqaba

Jordan

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Background Aqaba (Aqaba Special Economic Zone ),

Gulf of Aqaba located on the Red Sea, is only seaport in Jordan,

Aqaba climate is extremely arid consisting of two distinct seasons.

However, short, intense convective thunderstorms can occur any

time of the year. Disruptions caused by the 2006 flood had a major

economic impact on the Kingdom.

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Background

1. In February 2006, flash flooding in Wadi Yutum resulted in

five fatalities and extensive damage to infrastructure in the

Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZ).

The flooding whose peak flow has been estimated at

approximately 500 to 550 cms; disrupted power and water

supply and damaged the wastewater treatment plant, causing

substantial hardship for the people of Aqaba and significant

environmental degradation.

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Background

2. March 1966 During the night of March 11, 1966, heavy rains

and flooding resulted in 70 dead and more than 250 injured,

most of them in the City.

About half of the buildings in the small town were destroyed

and more than 3,000 people were left homeless. About 20

minutes after the start of the storm, which began at about 1:00

a.m., the bridge over Wadi Wahida on the Ma'an-Aqaba

highway was overtopped and destroyed by a flood flow

estimated to be 540 cms

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Pictures/maps : Study Area

Catchment

Watershed

Flow Direction

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Pictures/maps : Flow Direction

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Pictures/maps : Catchment

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Pictures/maps : Watershed

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What is the Problem?

The ongoing economic development of Aqaba is crucial to the

Jordanian economy, and protection of the City of Aqaba from

flood damage is critical to maintaining progress. However,

environmental concerns are not incorporated in disaster

management practices and vice versa

Decisions and actions on environment and disasters are taken separately The main issues are:

Lack of coordination and inter-linkage of policy and plans Lack of perception and understanding Lack of local actions, and Lack of resource distribution

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What is the Problem?

Causes

Effects

Causes

Effects

Reduced through

multi-stakeholder

cooperation such

as institutional &

engineering

component

Reduced

through

awareness,

policies, actions

& Monitoring

Building

disaster

capacity

Causes Immediate/ Long - term

Population

De - forestation

High Consumption

Climate Change

Causes of Disaster

Climate

Geology

Topography

Area Watersheds

Effects “Flooding Disaster”

Public Health

Infrastructure

Airport

Treatment Waste Water

Station

Community

Economy

The Environment

cause-effect cycle

Causes and Effects

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What is the Problem? Discharge and Sediment hydrograph

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What is the Problem?

Disasters, Environment and Risk Reduction | Aqaba Flood Management

Aqaba Flash Flood Video

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What are the proposed solutions?

• Prepare a flood protection master plan that:

1. develop rational, coordinated plans for

conveying flood flows from their points of origin to outfalls along the Gulf coast.

2. provides recommendations and preliminary designs for managing flood risk,

3. design and implement a flood warning system,

4. and develop a watershed plan to enhance and protect water sources in the Aqaba basin.

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Remaining Issues?

• Rainfall data:

1. Intensity,

2. Duration,

3. Frequency,

• storm

characteristics:

1. storm track

2. Extent hydrograph

3. Peak flow

A long-term record of reliable

precipitation data that covers

the study area including:

These data are

not currently

available

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Remaining Issues?

Thank You


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