Causes of the Civil War& The Civil War

1820-1865

What was “king” in the South?

cotton

The invention of this machine in 1793 greatly increased cotton production in the South.

What was one reason that Southerners said they needed slavery?

a) African-Americans should be treated like dogs

b) Slavery was essential to the economy of the South

c) African-Americans wanted to be slaves

d) Slaves would be paid for their work

Why did the admission of Missouri as a state cause an angry debate in

Congress?

• a) it would allow states to decide on slavery

• b) it would prohibit slavery in Missouri • c) it would upset the balance of free and

slave states• d) it would ban the international sale of

slaves

Causes and Issue leading to the Civil War

Henry Clay suggested the Missouri Compromise which kept the

balance of slave states and free states in 1820.

A) Missouri became a slave stateB) Maine became a free state

C) slavery was prohibited in the North

Stephen A. Douglas suggested that popular sovereignty be used when

Kansas and Nebraska became states in 1854 to let:

• A) These two states be slave states

• B)These two states be free states

• C)These states decide whether or not they wanted slavery

 

The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 guaranteed popular sovereignty for these

states and by doing so threw out the Missouri Compromise.

ABOLITIONISTS

_________ ________ helped many African-American slaves escape to the

North as a “conductor” on the Underground Railroad.

• a) William Lloyd Garrison

• b) Abraham Lincoln

• c) Harriet Tubman

• d) Dred Scott

This person was the best known Anglo abolitionist and publisher of

the newspaper, The Liberator:

•William Lloyd Garrison

This former slave was the most well-known African American

abolitionist and publisher of the newspaper, the North Star:

Frederick Douglass

This important Supreme Court decision said that slaves were

property and therefore had no rights under the Constitution:

Dred Scott

vs. Sandford (1854)Dred Scott was a slave who

sued for his freedom after spending time with his master in a free state

This author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin showed how cruel slavery really could be by following the story of one slave

who was traded from master to master:

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Leaders during the Civil War

President of the United States-Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln’s election in 1860 caused the South Carolina and other Southern states to secede from

the Confederate States of America

The main goal of Lincoln at the beginning of the war was to:

• Keep the Union together

The capital of the Union during the Civil War was located in

Washington, D.C.

The President of the Confederate States of America:

Jefferson Davis

Jefferson Davis

The capital of the Confederacy was located in __________, only about 100 miles from the Union capital.

• Richmond, Virginia

Commander of the Union Army during the Civil War:

• Ulysses S. Grant

Commander of the Confederate Army during the Civil War:

Robert E. Lee

Events of the Civil War

Fort Sumter (in South Carolina) might be considered the first battle of the Civil War, fought in April of 1861.

The first major battle of the Civil War was fought just outside Washington,

D.C.:

1st Bull Run

1st Bull Run

The bloodiest battle of the Civil War-Antietam (in Maryland)-about 20,000

men were killed or wounded on a single day-September, 1862

The ________ _________ by President Lincoln on January 1, 1863 was

supposed to free all African-American slaves in the United States:

Emancipation Proclamation

Up until July of 1863, the South won many of the major battles. Gettysburg

(in Pennsylvania), the only major battle to be fought in the North, was the

turning point of the War:

What speech was given by Lincoln a few months after Gettysburg to honor the dead? The Gettysburg

Address

Vicksburg (Mississippi)-July 4th, 1863-Grant captures this city along the Mississippi River

and divides the South into two separate regions

The Union tried to keep supplies out of Southern ports along the Gulf of Mexico, the

Atlantic coast, and the Mississippi by

___________ them.

• A) blockading

• B) bombarding

• C) taxing

• D) bribing

Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse,Virginia in

April of 1865.

This event occurred on April 14th, 1865, just five days after Lee

surrendered to Grant:

Abraham Lincoln was assassinated

All of these were advantages for the Union EXCEPT:

• A) they didn’t have many resources• B) they didn’t have many factories to produce

weapons• C) they were unfamiliar with the territory where

they fought• D) they didn’t have many railroad tracks

What was one advantage for the South during the Civil War?

• a) they had a larger railway system

• b) they had better generals

• c) they had more factories

All of these were border states during the Civil War:

• A) Kentucky

• B) Missouri

• C) Maryland

• D) Delaware