Cell Parts and Functions
The Cell Theory
The cell theory states that: All living things are composed of one or
more cells
All cells come from pre-existing cells
The cell is the functional unit of life
Why Cells Divide
Healing and Tissue Repair
Growth
Reproduction of Organisms
Common Structures
Organelles – smaller parts of the cell with specific functions
Nucleus
Looks like: A prominent sphere with a dark spot
and squiggles inside
Function: Directs cell's activities
Nucleolus
Looks like: A dark spherical mass within the
nucleus
Function: Site of ribosome assembly and storage
of RNA
Chromatin
Looks like: Meshwork of fibers
inside the nucleus
Function: Reproduction of
traits
Cell membrane
Looks like: Two thin double lines with pores
Function: Separates the cell and its contents from
the environment
Cell Wall
Looks like:Double layer made of small fibers
Function:Encloses plant cells
Cytoplasm
Looks like:Clear jelly like material
Function:Contains cell organelles and used for
transport
Centriole
Looks like:Small square like structures
Function:Used in animal cell reproduction
Vacuole
Looks like:Fluid filled sacs surrounded by membrane
Function:Used for digestion
Chloroplast
Looks like:Oval shape and gives
plants green colour
Function:Traps sun's energy to
make sugar
Flagellum
Looks like:Long hair like structure
Function:Helps the cell move
Cilia
Looks like:Hair like structures that cover cell
Function:Helps cells move
Mitochondria
Looks like:Large rod shaped
organelles
Function:Power house of the
cell
Ribosomes
Looks like:Spherical organelles attached to ER
Function:Location of protein production
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Looks like:A system of tubes and channels
Function:Storage, separation, and transport of
materials in cell
Golgi Apparatus
Looks like:Closely stacked
and flattened sacs found close to the nucleus and ER
Function:Store proteins,
enzymes, and carbs
Lysosomes
Looks like:Spherical organelles located in cytoplasm
Function:Merge with vacuoles to digest food
particles
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