Cellular Respiration
Getting Energy to make ATP!
Plant Energy vs. Animal Energy
What would we look like if we had chlorophyll in our skin?
What if all our energy was from photosynthesis?
Luckily, it isn’t! Our mitochondria break down materials to give us energy!
Cellular Respiration
Where? MITOCHONDRIAWhat? BREAKS DOWN FOOD TO
MAKE ATPHow? 1) GLYCOLYSIS
2) CITRIC ACID CYCLE3) ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
Why? TO GET ENERGY in the form of ATP!!!!
O2D2-Hehe-a little Star Wars humor…get it? R2D2
ANAEROBIC-no oxygen required– GLYCOLYSIS
AEROBIC-oxygen required– CITRIC ACID CYCLE– ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
GLYCOLYSIS - glyco…lysisWhere? Cytoplasm
What? A series of chemical reactions that break down glucose
How? Breaks down glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid
Why? To make pyruvic acid, ATP, and
NADH!
p. 238
This is important.
Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb’s Cycle)
Where? Mitochondria
What? Breaks down acetyl-CoA to form ATP, NADH, FADH2, and CO2
Why? Drives ETC to make huge
amounts of ATP!!!
p. 239
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
Where? Inner membrane of mitochondria
What? Energized electrons move from protein to protein to O2
How? NADH and FADH2 give up electrons
Why? To make 32 ATP!!!
p.240
ATP FROM 1 GLUCOSE MOLECULE
FERMENTATION
When? When cells are short on oxygen
What? Anaerobic process that follows
glycolysis until oxygen is available.
How? Lactic Acid Fermentation (muscles) Alcoholic Fermentation
(Yeast)
Why? To produce ATP when oxygen is low
Brewing Industry
Bread Making
http://www.utahholidayguide.com/christmas/images/photos/baking.jpg
Sprinting
FERMENTATION(IT’S ANAEROBIC!)
LACTIC ACIDGlucose
Pyruvic Acid
Lactic Acid + 2ATP
Occurs in bacteria, plants, and animals
Results in muscle fatigue and soreness
ALCOHOLICGlucose
Pyruvic Acid
Alcohol + 2ATP
+ CO2
Yeast do it
A Comparison Chart, p.241
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcoholic fermentation
Cellular respiration
Glucose
Pyruvic acid
Lactic acid
+
2 ATP
Glucose
Pyruvic acid
CO2
+ alcohol
+ 2 ATP
Glucose
Pyruvic acid
CO2
+ H2O
+ 38 ATP
Other Products of Fermentation
Sauerkraut (fermented cabbage) Kim chi (Korean fermented cabbage) Yogurt (fermented milk) Soy sauce Sour cream Buttermilk