Chapter 9 Cellular RespirationChapter 9 Cellular Respiration

What is cellular respiration?What is cellular respiration?The process that releases energy (ATP) The process that releases energy (ATP) by breaking down food molecules in the by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygenpresence of oxygen

What happens when we exercise?What happens when we exercise?

Use ATP for energyUse ATP for energy

We get hot and sweaty We get hot and sweaty

We burn calories!We burn calories!

vocabularyvocabularyA CalorieA Calorie amount of energy needed amount of energy needed to raise temp. of 1 gram of H2O 1 to raise temp. of 1 gram of H2O 1 degree C. degree C. GlycolysisGlycolysis process by which 1 process by which 1 molecule of glucose Cmolecule of glucose C66HH1212OO66 is split is split into two pyruvic acid (2 three into two pyruvic acid (2 three carbons) to get energy (ATP)carbons) to get energy (ATP)1 gram of glucose releases 3811 1 gram of glucose releases 3811 calories of heat energycalories of heat energy

Demo time!

What is cellular resp.??!!What is cellular resp.??!!

Cellular respirationCellular respiration 2 part process 2 part process that produces energy (ATP) by that produces energy (ATP) by breaking down glucose in the breaking down glucose in the presence of O2 presence of O2 – GycolysisGycolysis– Krebs cycleKrebs cycle ETC and O2 ETC and O2

What do we use energy for?What do we use energy for?

GlycolysisGlycolysis

GlycoGlyco sugar; lysis sugar; lysis break/split break/split apartapart

Glucose (CGlucose (C66)) is broken down to a is broken down to a three carbon molecule (Cthree carbon molecule (C33).).

http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/glycolysis.html

Vocab. Cont.Vocab. Cont.

NAD+NAD+ nicotinamide adenine nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; carries e-to electron dinucleotide; carries e-to electron transport chain. FAD also. transport chain. FAD also. – NAD+2e- NAD+2e- NADH NADH

– FAD + 2e-FAD + 2e-FADHFADH2 2 The dump trucks The dump trucks

http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/krebs.html

Vocab. cont.Vocab. cont.

Electron transport chainElectron transport chain– located in the mitochondrion. located in the mitochondrion. – E- are dropped off and bounce through E- are dropped off and bounce through

several “stations” where oxygen is the several “stations” where oxygen is the final e- acceptorfinal e- acceptor

– This is why breathing and water are so This is why breathing and water are so important!important!

– http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/etc.swf

ATPWhat is ATP?

ATP consists of a base, in this case adenine (red), a ribose (magenta) and a phosphate chain (blue).

Check for understanding

• ATP is the fully charged battery– Energy – Energy is released when 3rd phosphate group

is broken off; energy is used battery needs to recharge

• ADP is the uncharged battery– There are 2 phosphate groups instead of 3– ATP synthase bonds the 3rd phosphate group

Dump trucks-e- carriers

Oxygen= e- acceptor

How many ATP are produced?

Energy and Exercise

• Normal cellular respiration ATP used in few seconds; at 50-meter mark of run

• Lactic acid fermentation ATP to get to the 200-meter mark

Exercise

• Long term exercise (15 – 20 min.) body breaks down glycogen and fats– Point reason aerobic forms of exercise

good form of exercise– Point marathon runners find a good “pace”

What happens when O2 is gone?What happens when O2 is gone?

FermentationFermentation energy released in energy released in the absence of O2 or anaerobic the absence of O2 or anaerobic respirationrespiration

Two typesTwo types

Vocab. Cont.Vocab. Cont.– Alcoholic fermentationAlcoholic fermentation

found in yeasts mainly and alcoholic found in yeasts mainly and alcoholic beverages (ethyl alcohol) E.g. breads, beverages (ethyl alcohol) E.g. breads, baking causes the alcohol to evaporate off baking causes the alcohol to evaporate off

– Lactic acid production Lactic acid production pain and stiffness felt in muscles after pain and stiffness felt in muscles after exercise.exercise.

– Have you ever felt sick after exercise?Have you ever felt sick after exercise?

Scan in overview of cellular respiration from text Key points:

Is cellular respiration the same as photosynthesis?

http://www.chem.ox.ac.uk/mom/nobel1997/nobel.html

Review

Describe the process of cellular respiration? What are the starting and ending products of

cellular respiration? Is it the same process as photosynthesis? What are the two main types of fermentation? Why is glucose so important?