Chemical Energy and ATP

Chemical Energy and ATP

• Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP– Adenosine triphosphate– Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds

Energy and ATP

• Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP– Adenosine triphosphate– Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds

• Energy released when 3rd phosphate is broken off– 3rd bond unstable…easily broken– ADP left over

P P PENERG

Y

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATEADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE

Energy and ATP

• Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP– Adenosine triphosphate– Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds

• Energy released when 3rd phosphate is broken off– 3rd bond unstable…easily broken– ADP left over

• ATP recreated with the addition of another phosphate group

P PPENERG

Y

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATEADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE

P

Energy and ATP

• Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP– Adenosine triphosphate– Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds

• Energy released when 3rd phosphate is broken off– 3rd bond unstable…easily broken– ADP left over

• ATP recreated with the addition of another phosphate group

ATPATPATPATP

Digestion• Purpose: Break food into useable molecules to create ATP

• High calorie foods will produce more ATP molecules

Simplesugar

Simplesugar

Simplesugar

Simplesugar

Simplesugar

Simplesugar

Complex sugar

Digestion• Purpose: Break food into useable molecules to create ATP

• High calorie foods will produce more ATP molecules

• Carbohydrates commonly used to make ATP

– 1 glucose = 36 ATP

36 ATP

Digestion• Purpose: Break food into useable molecules to create ATP

• High calorie foods will produce more ATP molecules

• Carbohydrates commonly used to make ATP

– 1 glucose = 36 ATP

• Lipids

– 1 triglyceride = 146 ATP

146 ATP

Digestion• Purpose: Break food into useable molecules to create ATP

• High calorie foods will produce more ATP molecules

• Carbohydrates commonly used to make ATP

– 1 glucose = 36 ATP

• Lipids

– 1 triglyceride = 146 ATP

• Proteins less likely to be broken into ATP

– Amino acids are needed for other processes

Energy on Earth• Most life relies on

sunlight directly or indirectly– Directly: Plants– Indirectly: Animals

• Exceptions: Chemotrophs– Hydrothermal vents

release chemicals called sulfides

– Unique bacteria feed on the sulfides to make ATP (chemosynthesis)

sulfidessulfides

Kobe Kuiz

1) Where is the energy of ATP stored?

2) How is ADP and ATP different?

3) Which process connects ADP and P to make ATP?

4) Which process breaks ATP to make ADP and P?

5) What’s the purpose of digestion?

6) How much ATP is created by a molecule of glucose?

7) How is chemosynthesis and photosynthesis similar? Different?