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A Christmas Carol

Revision

Themes Poverty and Suffering

Themes Poverty and Suffering Memory and Nostalgia


Festivity


Festivity Family


Festivity Family

Social Responsibility

Characters

Scrooge

Fan

Fred

Fred’s Wife

Ghost of Christmas Past



Want and Ignorance

Old Fezziwig

Jacob Marley

Bob Cratchit

Tiny TIm

Motifs

What is a motif?

Motifs

FoodLight and ShadowTimeMusicChristmas

Techniques

What literary techniques are used by Charles Dickens in order to

Engage the audience?

Communicate themes?

Techniques

Use of suspense to involve reader

Pathos to create sympathy

Use of dramatic irony

Use of allegory

Analepis/prolepis

Comedy

Sentimentality

Language

The working class characters speak in a Cockney dialect, which makes them sound natural, warm and likeable.

Dickens creates atmosphere by using detailed descriptions

Scrooge’s dialogue is revealing of character

Often uses depictions of Christmas across the nation

The Role of the Spirits What do they do?

How do they do it?

The Role of the Spirits Can unsettle the reader

Warns Scrooge what he could become

Identified with Christmas

Exist beyond time

Associated with the past

Confront Scrooge

What are the major factors in Scrooge’s development?

Fixated with material goods

Selfish, lonely man

Damaged childhood

Unaware of full consequences of his actions

Moved by joy of Christmas

Inspired by Bob’s generosity of spirit

Misses out on shared experience

Final warning of death

Contextual Factors

Written in 1843

Dickens campaigned against workhouses and for charity

Sold over 15,000 copies in first year of publication

Often credited with reigniting interest in Christmas

Victorians interested in idea of ghosts and supernatural

Class divide

Now you try…

To what extent do you regard A Christmas Carol as a tale of redemption?

Discuss Dickens’ portrayal of poverty in A Christmas Carol.

How important is the motif of Christmas to A Christmas Carol?

Can you think of any other questions?