Cold War Connections
Lesson Essential Question
•What common trends connect global conflicts?
Economic Systems
• What is capitalism?
• What is communism?
Capitalism
Communism
C&C United States and Soviet Union
• Capitalist economic system• Individuals control
economic activities• Harry Truman = Elected
President
• Communist economic system• Government controls
economic activities• Joseph Stalin = Authoritative
ruler
United States Soviet Union
The United Nations
• Est. June 26, 1945• Headquarters in NYC• Peacekeeping body,
aka the earlier League of Nations
Notice the world map
Potsdam Conference
• US, GBR, USSR leaders met at Potsdam, near Berlin, July 1945
• What was the compromise?
Potsdam
• Germany would be divided into four occupational zones
Potsdam Conference: Goals
Create a world where all nations had the right of self-determination
Gain access to raw materials Rebuild Europe, ensuring
stability and a market for goods
Reunite Germany
Encourage communism as part of the worldwide struggle between workers and the wealthy
Rebuild its war-ravished economy
Gain influence in Eastern Europe to balance US influence in Western Europe
Keep Germany divided to prevent future threats
United States wanted to… Soviet Union wanted to…
Potsdam Conference: Results
• Communist governments set-up in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Poland– Satellite nations– Containment
Results: Division of Germany
• Germany divided: West and East
• Soviets blocked all trade and travel to and from East Germany
• Isolated West Berlin
Stalin’s Promise at Potsdam
• The people of Eastern Europe will be allowed to choose their own governments
• Berlin was divided as well
Warsaw Pact
• Stalin needs a buffer zone of friendly countries to guard against another attack
Iron Curtain
• “Iron Curtain” speech by Winston Churchill
• Iron curtain represented the division between democratic Western Europe and communist Eastern Europe
Truman and Containment
• Truman Doctrine• “It must be the policy
of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures”
• What does that mean?
Truman & Containment: Economics
• Marshall Plan• 16 countries received
$13 billion in aid• By 1952, Western
Europe was flourishing and Communist parties lost their appeal to voters
Truman & Containment: Economics (2)
• Truman Doctrine– Pledged to provide
economic and military aid to prevent the spread of communism.
– Congress agreed to send hundreds of millions in aid to Greece and Turkey
Korea• Soviet troops occupied
the area to the north and a pro-Soviet communist government came to power.
• The United States of America provided 88% of the 341,000 international soldiers.
• Containment
South Korea’s Economy
Cuban Missile Crisis
• Kennedy versus Kruschev
Causes of the Cold War
• Disagreements between the Allies
• Differing U.S. and Soviet political and economic systems
• Different goals for postwar Germany
• Soviet expansion of communism in Europe
• Resistance to Soviet aggression by the U.S.
Effects of The Cold War
• Political and military struggles around the world
• Increased military spending
• Arms race• Ever-present danger of
nuclear war
400 Million
Common Trends
• BRAINSTORM: What common trends connect global conflicts?
• Think P-E-S.• Think M-A-I-N.• Think!– Propaganda– Geography– Leadership– Problems with peace
Vietnam
• You design the slides!• You need a total of
three slides; Causes, Background, and Effects.
• Include one graphic image on each slide
Vietnam ~ Causes
• The best one goes here!
Vietnam ~ Background
• The best one goes here!
Vietnam ~ Effects
• The best one goes here!
Think ~ Write ~ Share
•What common trends connect global conflicts?
Name: _______________________________________ Directions: Using your notes and your textbook, please complete this graphic organizer using specific information relevant to each conflict. I have given you the classic causes and effects as well as one more common
pattern. Please identify a second pattern and follow your example across to each conflict.
BOLD = Causes
WWI WWII COLD WAR
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Political Costs
Economic Costs
4,101 Billion in FY 2011 $
Social Costs
Pattern: geography
Creation of Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Poland
Germany was divided Vietnam reunified, Germany reunified, China loses Taiwan
Pattern:
Recommended
