Download pdf - Enbe final project documentation

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Future City Representation

VOON SZE LUN | 0315032 | Group W | FNBE April 2013 | Taylor’s University

1

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE,

BUILDING & DESIGN Elements of Natural Built Environment

[FNBE 0115] April INTAKE 2013

Project Two: Built Environment The Future City Representation

NAME: VOON SZE LUN

STUDENT ID: 0315032

FNBE April 2013



2

Content: Bills Descriptions Page

1 Introduction 2 A City 2.1 Definition of a city 2.2 What makes a city? 2.3 What makes a good city? 2.4 What is the future city?

3 Investigation & Data Collection: The Ancient cities

3.1 Name of the ancient city 3.2 History of Atlantis 3.3 What makes Atlantis become significant city? 3.4 History of Teotihuacan 3.5 What makes Teotihuacan become significant ciy? 3.6 Conclusion about the cities 3.7 Element that use to the my new future city

4 Investigation & Data Collection: The present city/cities

4.1 Name of the present cities 4.2 History of the Freiburg, Germany 4.3 What makes Freiburg become significant city? 4.4 History of London, United Kingdom 4.5 What makes London become significant city? 4.6Conclusion about the cities 4.7 Element that use to the my new future city



3

5 Investigation & Data Collection: The future city/cities

5.1 Name of the future city 5.2 History of the future city 5.3 What makes them become significant city? 5.4 Conclusion about the city 5.5 Element that use to the my new future city

6 The “X” City 6.1 History of the “X” City- Kuching 6.2 The population and religion of Kuching. 6.3The people needs and their jobs 6.4 What would be a good future city for them? 6.5 Conclusion about the “X” City- Kuching

7 The New “X” City 7.1 How the people move to the new city- Marine city? 7.2 Solutions to create this new city 7.3 Why Marine city in the sea? 7.4 Important characteristics and elements 7.5 Development of the city 7.6 Conclusion about the Marine city

8 The Process and Progress 9 The Conclusion

10 References list



4

1. Introduction

The Elements of Natural Built Environment Project Two’s title is The Future

City Representation. The idea of this project is to understand the component and

elements of a city and how to create a better future city.

Each student will have to pretend that they are the mayor of the “X” City.

The people in “X” city require a new city because of reasons that it no longer livable

and students should create a new city to help the people to survive. Student is given

6 different options to create a new city for example an Underground City, Underwater

City, Floating on Water City, City in the Air or enhance the existing city.

In the end of this project, students will learn how to analyses and evaluate

the different development of the built environment by looking at the natural

topography, landscape, space, building and infrastructure



5

2. The City 2.1 The definition of a city A city is a center of population, commerce, and culture inhabited place of greater

size, population, or importance than a town or village.

2.2 What makes a city?

A city basically has a complex system for the education, sanitation, land

usage, housing, and transportation. For example, schools and housing area are

provided for the citizen in the city. Other than that, a city also has food

2.3 What makes a good city?

A good city must have a well education system, affordable health services and much

kind of job opportunities. Other than that, a city also should have great places for

people to congregate and relax such as shopping mall, Public Park and other casual

places. An affordable medical, well sanitation and superior fire protection also will

make a city more sustainable and safe. Besides that, an advanced transportation

system will also make the citizen of the city feel more comfortable and convenient.

2.4 What is the future city?

A future city is the city which enhanced and become more advanced compare with

the present city. A city with more Other than that, future city also a city with more

facilities and

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilities

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House



6

3. Investigation & Data Collection:

Ancient Cities 3.1 Name of the cities

The ancient cities investigated are Teotihuacan with pyramids and Atlantis or

another name, island of Atlas, which is an underwater city on the ocean bed.

3.2 History of Atlantis Atlantis can also be called as island of Atlas. Atlantis is a legendary island first

mentioned in Plato's dialogues Timaeus and Critias, written about 360 BC. According

to Plato, Atlantis was a naval power lying "in front of the Pillars of Hercules" that

conquered many parts of Western Europe and Africa 9,000 years before 9600 BC.

After a failed attempt to invade Athens, Atlantis sank into the ocean "in a single day

and night of misfortune".

Athanasius

Kircher's

map of

Atlantis, in

the middle

of the

Atlantic

Ocean.



7

An artist's conception shows the city of Atlantis as it has been envisioned in legend

Plato describes the Atlantians as great engineers and designers. The city was built

on a hill and surrounded by the rings of water, which joined by tunnels. A huge canal

connected the outer rings of water to the ocean. Outside of the capital city there

were huge fields where farmers grew the city's food. Plato goes great detail about

the amazing buildings such as hot and cold fountains and stone walls. For over two

thousand years the story of Atlantis was just a story. Then, an American named

Ignatius Donnelly became fascinated with the story and wrote a book called Atlantis,

the Antediluvian World. Ignatius studied the history from Egypt to Mexico and

believed that Plato was recording an actual natural disaster

.



8

3.3 What makes Atlantis become a significant city?

1. The Sheer Size

If Atlantis really existed, it would be larger than today’s Libya and Asia combined

through the opinions of the scientists.

2. Tale of God’s love

Atlantis city was built by Poseidon, the god of sea when he fell in love with a mortal

woman Cleito. Poseidon built the city on top of a hill and named it as Atlantis. It is

believed that he walked through these islands until he reached the biggest of them

all- Atlantis and found it to be inhabited by people more beautiful and intelligent than

rest of the world. It is here he first meet his future wife and fell in love with her.

3. The ‘Captivation’ Palace

Atlantis is surrounded by rings of water and land on top the hill. There was another

hill called the ‘Hill of Cleito’ the lace where Poseidon captivated his wife because he

was distrustful of her loyalty.

4. The Statue of Gold

The fable tells that Cleito had five pairs of twin sons with Poseidon named Atlas. The

ten sons inherited the great city and ruled over it. However, they also built a huge

temple for their father with a giant statue of Poseidon riding a chariot carried by

winged horses. This statue is completely built in gold and placed in a temple with its

spiral roof so high up that the clouds drifted through the spirals of the temple.



9

5. Wealth and riches

Atlantis is the city under the sea with its rich and wealth. The people in the city are

able to grow plants, reared animals, made beautiful buildings and architectures from

materials like stones, had access to rare metals and even alloys, made and used

crystals extensively for leisure and experimental purposes and had a lot of free times

to even play with volcanoes.

6. Out of the world

Atlantis is also a lost city which is believed to be of extra-terrestrial origin. They

supposedly came to this city is about 50,000 years ago from Lyrian star system. The

average life span of these people is believed to have been 8+00 years, making them

really robust and strong prototype of existent human race then.

7. Exceptional powers

The inhabitants of the Atlantis city are believed to have been possessors of

exceptional powers such as ability to control weather, modify volcanic eruptions for

pleasure, a love for unpleasant weather as they were more bent towards

thunderstorms than normal calm waters. Some accounts also mention about their

possession of some sort of device that allowed them to channelled energy from time

and space.

8. An Underwater City

According to dialogues of Plato, the Atlantis should have been somewhere in the

Atlantic Ocean. However, there’s no technology so far has revealed any such city on



10

ocean bed. However, the new researches have revealed a new site and the

scientists are sure that Atlantis can be found in Cadiz, somewhere between the

Spain and Morocco waters. These statements were proved.

3.4 History of Teotihuacan

Location of Teotihuacan in the world map of Mexico

Teotihuacan is a city located in the highlands of central Mexico which is one of the

world's most impressive archaeological sites. Most of the major construction was

accomplished within the next hundred years. Teotihuacan is a complex urban grid

filled with single and multi-floor apartment compounds. At its peak around 600 A.D.,

between 100,000 - 200,000 people lived there, making it become one of the ancient

world's largest cities with an urban core covering some twenty square kilometers.

Teotihuacan’s citizens lived in buildings based on the class system. For example,

warriors, artisans, commoners and the elite all lived in separate buildings. People of



11

Teotihuacan were polytheists because religion was very important them and it was

practiced virtually everywhere. This means that they believed in more than one god.

There are a few examples of the gods such as Storm God, Old God, Fat God and

God of spring. The major goddess was Chalcheutlicue, the one always shown with

nature, lakes, rivers, fertility, and caves. But around during the mid-seventh century,

some parts of the city around the Pyramids of the Sun and Moon, were repeatedly

burned and sacked and never recovered from these attacks.

There are two main pyramids of Teotihuacan are Pyramid of the Sun and the

Pyramid of the Moon. Other than that, there is also a pyramid named Pyramid of the

Feathered Serpent which is the smallest of the pyramids in Teotihuacan.

Pyramid of the Sun

There were the places needed to be a great amount of participation by the Mayan

people. Teotihuacan was a metropolis with a stable and strongly centralized



12

authority. The Pyramid of the Sun is the largest building in Teotihuacan and one of

the largest in Mesoamerica. This is also the highest pyramid in Mesoamerica. The

base of the pyramid same size of the Cheops in Egypt. The pyramid was actually

reconstructed as five stepped platforms. The forth platform seems to have been

erroneously reconstructed by Batres early this century. The pyramid consisted of

four stepped platforms, surmounting temple, and the Adosada platform, which was

built over the principal facade of the pyramid. The temple has no information about it

because it has been completely destroyed on top of the pyramid.

Pyramid of the Moon

The Pyramid of the Moon is the second largest pyramid in Teotihuacan after

the Pyramid of the Sun. This pyramid is famous because its beauty. It is about 116

feet high and faces south with a view of the city. Plaza of the Moon is in front of this

pyramid. This contains 12 platforms which surround about 4 acres of land. In the

center of the Plaza has another platform which was used for pageantry and religious

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teotihuacan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoamerica

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramid

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_Teotihuac%C3%A1n

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramid_of_the_Sun



13

ceremonies. Pyramid of the Moon was also a place used for the burning of basin

oils.

Pyramid of the Feathered

Serpent

-The smallest of

pyramids in Teotihuacan.

-also known as temple or

the Feathered Serpent.

3.5 What makes Teotihuacan become significant cities?

1. Moon and Sun Pyramids

Both having temples on top of them and were probably once dedicated to the great

goddess. Both are also the largest pyramid in Teotihuacan.

2. Believed in Gods

There are a few examples of the gods such as Storm God, Old God, Fat God and

God of spring. The major goddess was Chalcheutlicue, the one always shown with

nature, lakes, rivers, fertility, and caves. In fact, they gave the city its name with

meaning unclear, a city may be birthplace of the Gods. The Aztecs believed the

Toltecs built the city and now believed that the city predates the Toltec civilization.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon



14

3. Population and trading system

Teotihuacan’s population has around two hundred thousand people. Teotihuacan

was a city like others with its own population and trade system. It was a sacred city

to the Aztecs, maintained a level of independence as a political city.

4. The ancient temple

The enigmatic spheres were found during the archaeological dig using a camera-

equipped robot at one of the most important buildings in the pre-Hispanic city of

Teotihuacan.

3.6 Conclusion about the cities

Atlantis is an underwater city with myth about superiority. Atlantis is a city built on the

ocean bed with amazing buildings such as hot and cold fountains and stone walls

covered with precious metals. Teotihuacan is a city contains some of the largest

pyramidal structures such as Moon and Sun Pyramids. Inside of Teotihuacan, there

are many large residential complexes.

3.7 Element that use to the my new future city

I decided to create an underwater city which allows the people to live under the

water. I took these ideas from the ancient city of Atlantis. From Atlantis city, I

believed that it was possible to create a city under the water apart from the land. So,

as a mayor of the city, if my city because of the serious pollution air and no longer

livable, I decided to move my city into the water so my city will not be affected by the

pollution. Other than that, on top my city, I use a pyramid shape of solar panels to

enhance my city’s solar system. With this pyramid size solar pane, the surface of the



15

panel become larger and more solar will be absorbed to generate the electric and

supply electrical energy to my whole city.

4. Investigation & Data Collection: The

present city/cities

4.1 Name of the present cities

The present cities investigated are Freiburg in Germany and London, the primary city

and capital of the United Kingdom.

4.2 History of the Freiburg, Germany

Freiburg, another name is called “free town,” which is a city of about 220,000 people

and 155 km2 of land, located in the southwest of Germany, near the borders with

France and Switzerland. Freiburg has a strategic location at the junction of the

Danube and Rhine rivers, as well as its proximity to the Mediterranean and North

Seas. The city lived up to its name by buying its independence from the local count

in 1368. They turned over sovereignty to the House of Habsburg, but retained many

freedoms not usually granted to towns. Freiburg came to prominence as a center of

Catholicism on the Rhine due to the town’s decision to oppose the Reformation. The

city struggled through the next several centuries as various European powers fought

over this southwestern corner of Germany. Finally, in 1805, the city was made part of

the German state of Baden, and so it remains today. There are several historical

buildings still standing in the city today. The oldest and best known is the Minster, a

large cathedral dating back to the 1200s. Unlike most other German churches, this



16

building was erected in the Gothic style and largely financially sponsored by the

townspeople. There is also the Albert Ludwigs Universität, one of the first German

center of higher learning, founded in 1457 by Duke Albrecht VI.

Picture of Freiburg im Breisgau



17

4.3 What makes Freiburg become significant city?

1. Eco-city

Eco housing, car-free streets and socially conscious neighbors have made the

German city of Freiburg a shining example of sustainability.

2. Green City

Freiburg has won various national and international environmental awards especially

in the areas of transportation, waste management, land conservation, and green

economics. Actually, in some respects, Freiburg is much like other German cities.

But in the areas of green economics, it is become particularly outstanding.

3. Education

Freiburg is a center of research and academia with numerous intellectual figures and

Nobel Laureates having lived, worked, and taught there.

4. Transport

Freiburg has an extensive pedestrian zone in the city centre where no automobiles

are allowed. Freiburg has an excellent public transport system which operated by the

city-owned VAG Freiburg. Freiburg is on the main Frankfurt am Main - Basel railway

line. The city also is served by the A5 Frankfurt am Main - Basel motorway. Freiburg

is served by Euro Airport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg in France, close to the borders of

both Germany and Switzerland, 70 km south of Freiburg.



18

5. Sports

Freiburg is the home to football team SC Freiburg, which plays at the Mage Solar

Stadion and also the EHC Freiburg Ice hockey team.

4.4 History of London, United Kingdom

London is the main city of United Kingdom with a history dating back over 2,000

years. London, City of London, usually called "The City” which lies to its west. For all

intents and purposes the West End is now the centre of London - the East End is

traditionally a poor working class and industrial area, currently undergoing something

of renaissance. There are slums within half a mile of the biggest concentration of

financial power in the world between the City and the East End.

From upper left: City of

London, Tower Bridge and

London Eye, Palace of Westminster



19

Londinium was founded by the Romans at a convenient crossing of the Thames

though it had been convenient for the local inhabitants too. The area was marshy

roughly where the Bank of England now stands and it was here that the Romans

chose to build a typical Roman city, especially for military reasons.

England at that time was inhabited by a hodge-podge of tribes and small kingdoms

and the Romans had little difficulty subduing them - despite some noble efforts at the

defense. The locals assimilated Roman culture, and after a couple of hundred years

Roman were more than the Romans. When the Romans pulled out and pressured by

the frontier wars, the Saxons took over. They hated to live in the old walled Roman

city and established their own city of long huts, where Covent Garden is today. This

duality still persists - the "City" is essentially Roman Londinium, and "Westminster" is

the Saxon add-on. When new invaders invaded the country the Saxons and their kin

moved back into the safety of the old Roman City, now quite deserted, and it was

here that London originated.

View of the London, United Kingdom



20

4.5 What makes London become significant city?

1. Connectivity

London is a transport center to many other destinations such as Europe and the

world. All of London's airport terminals have more than 100,000 flights per month.

London Underground (LU) carries more than one billion passengers a year.

London Underground

2. Diversity

The population of London is very high and diverse. It’s nearly a third of the city's

population is from black, Asian or other minority ethnic (BAME) groups.

3. Environment

London has high technology system to maintain and also developed environmental

excellence to combat climate change. For example, decentralized energy production

and congestion charge.



21

4.6 Conclusion about the cities

Freiburg is a present city in Germany. Freiburg is a green city which use solar

system to generate electric to whole city areas. This helps to reduce the rate of the

pollution in the city. London is a city with intelligent transport system which connects

from a place to another place in the city. With an advanced transport system in a city,

the people in the city can shorten their time to reach their destinations.


I decided to use the ideas of the solar system which applied solar system in Freiburg,

Germany into my city. Using this way, the solar system can save a lot of energies

and reduce the rate of pollution in the city. Other than that, I also using the idea of

the London Underground (LU) which is a transportation system carry passengers

from a place to the destinations. With the underground transportation system, people

who live in the city can have a comfortable life rather than having jam on the road.



22

5. Investigation & Data Collection: The

future city/cities 5.1 Name of the future city

The future city investigated is Masdar city which will be built in 2016.

5.2 History of Masdar city

Masdar City is a future project in Abu Dhabi which constructs a city that is completely

self-sustaining. The partners in the project through its Clean Tech Fund are

Consensus Business Group, Credit Suisse and Siemens Venture

Capital. Construction of the first phase of this project is being managed by CH2M Hill.

The infrastructure construction for the city will be handled by the Al Jaber Group and

design of the central Masdar headquarters building has passed to Adrian Smith and

Gordon Gill Architecture.

The view of Masdar city

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_Suisse

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CH2M_Hill

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Smith_%2B_Gordon_Gill_Architecture

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Smith_%2B_Gordon_Gill_Architecture



23

Solar panels at Masdar city

Masdar city is a city mostly solar-powered and use 20 percent as much power as a

conventional city of similar size, with a zero carbon footprint and zero waste. Masdar

city is being designed by Gerard Evenden, and it will be built in 2 years later, that is

2016. Masdar city planned to build a solar thermal power plant .The city will be

skyscraper-free and photovoltaic arrays on building rooftops will also collect sunlight

for power. A desalination plant will provide fresh water to the city will use solar

power as well. There will be a hydrogen power plant in the city too. This is because

hydrogen is a clean source of energy in the earth and it produces much fewer carbon

dioxide emissions than most fossil fuel processes.

Furthermore, designers of Masdar city plan its structures to take full advantage of

natural sea breezes. To keep energy needs low and the city cool. A wall

encompassing the city and wind towers for buildings will contribute to protecting

the population from the harsh desert climate.

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/solar-cell.htm

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/solar-cell.htm

http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/fuel-economy/hydrogen-economy.htm

http://people.howstuffworks.com/population.htm



24

5.3 What makes Masdar city become significant city?

1. Transportation

There will be no cars in Masdar City to contribute to the release of carbon dioxide.

An electric-powered light rail on elevated tracks will allow easy transport between

Masdar City and Abu Dhabi. The vehicles will run on magnetic tracks using electric

power.

2. Water resources

Recycle at least 80 percent of the water used to conserve water in the city.

Recycled gray water, such as water from showers, and treated waste water will

irrigate the landscape. The city planners hope to reduce water consumption by 60

percent through these processes.

3. Recycle

The people in Masdar city plan to composting and recycling materials so that 50,000

people can produce no waste. To keep trash from filling up the land, much of the

waste will end up in a compost pile, where bacteria will decompose the materials.

Otherwise, recycling will be a high priority for the city.

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/power.htm

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/power.htm

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/recycling.htm

http://tlc.howstuffworks.com/home/gray-water.htm

http://home.howstuffworks.com/composting.htm



25

5.4 Conclusion about the Masdar city

Masdar City is a high technology platform which will be built soon in 2016. Masdar

city use solar system as their main power system and also reuse the water other

than waste it.


I used the concept of recycle and composting the materials to reduce the pollution in

my city. I will create a recycle center to recycle those trash but not accumulate them

in my city.

6. The “X” City-Kuching City

6.1 History of the Kuching

Kuching is a city located in Sarawak, Malaysia. Kuching is the third capital of

Sarawak. It founded by the representative of the Sultan of Brunei, Pengiran Indera

Mahkota in 1827. Actually Sarawak was a part of the Sultanate of Brunei 200 years

ago but as a reward for its help in putting down a rebellion, it was ceded to James

Brooke who ruled it as his personal kingdom. Kuching was made his headquarters

and capital. December 1941, the Brooke family ruled Sarawak until the Japanese

occupation in. 24 December 1941, Kuching surrendered to the Japanese and

Sarawak was part of the Japanese Imperial Empire for 3 years and 8 months until

the official Japanese surrender on 11 September 1945 on the board HMAS Kapunda

at Kuching. Start from March 1942, the Japanese operated a POW and civilian

internee camp at Batu Lintang which located at three miles outside Kuching.



26

After the end of the World War II, Sir Charles Vyner Brooke ceded Sarawak to the

British Crown in 1946. Sarawak and the British fought a war with Indonesia to keep

Sarawak from being absorbed into Sukarno’s Indonesia. In 1963, the British gave

Sarawak independence and together with Sabah and Singapore, helped form

Malaysia. Singapore had become independent soon after.

Photo: Old Court House building from Brooke Legacy

6.2 The population and religion of Kuching

The population of Salantera city is around 150,000 – 500,000 people. Kuching is

multicultural and multiconfessional. There are many type of religion in my city. For

example, the main religion in Kuching is Islam, the followers make up 58% of the

population. There are some traditional Chinese religion such as Buddhism and

Daoism. Furthermore, Hinduism is the religion of Indians in Malaysia.



27

6.3 The people needs and their jobs

In Marine city, the people work with different kind of jobs. For example, there are

architects, businessman, engineers etc. But Kuching was been polluted tardily and

need to create a new city with fresh air to replace it.

6.4 What would be a good future city for them?

As a mayor of the city, I decided to move the people in Kuching to the new created

underwater city which nearby Kuching. An underwater city with high technology

system, intelligent transportation and a well waste management would be a best

choice for people who live in Kuching.

6.5 Conclusion about the “X” City- Kuching

Kuching had been polluted seriously so the people who live in Kuching have to leave

there and find a new city for survive. Underwater city- Marine city would be first

choice as a good future city for the people who live in Kuching to move. If they

decide to stay in Kuching, this maybe causes death for them.



28

7. My New “X” City-Marine City

7.1 How the people move to the new city?

Move the people in Kuching to the new city – Marine city. People from Kuching move

to Marine city using a Typhoon-class submarine which can carry many people inside

of it. A Typhoon-class submarine can carry up five hundred people. It’s about 300

submarines used to move whole city’s citizen to the new city, Marine city.

The size of the Typhoon-class submarine

7.2 Solutions to create this new city

1. Create dome surround the city.

Prevent the water flows into the city. Maintain the pressure surround the city to

prevent the collision of the buildings.

2. Plant trees in the city

Supply oxygen to the people and absorb the carbon dioxide in the city by

photosynthesis. Overcome the problem of lacking of oxygen in the city and prevent

the happening of pollution air.

3. Underground wastage service

Garbage collection and recycle those rubbish or junk things in the city. Maintain the

cleanness of the city. Prevent pollutions happen in the city.



29

4. Water filtration

Filter the water in the city so there is no water pollution possible to happen in the city

unless the filtration system is malfunction.

5. Transportation system

Underground transportation shortens the journey of the people who want to go to

other places. No jams happen as what happened on the road because underground

using LRT which will not cause jam.

7.3 Why Marine city is in the sea?

In the sea, Marine city can prevent from the air pollution and pollutions on the land.

Other than that, underwater city will be safer compare with the city on the land

because an underwater city can avoid those natural disasters such as typhoon,

floods, blizzard, etc.

7.4 Important characteristics and elements

Marine city is city an underwater city which having two layers. One layer is on the

sea and another one is under the water. The plan and the shape of my city look like

the turtle’s scutes which have many parts with hexagonal in shape.

7.5 Development of the city

Top layer of Marine city is the part to generate the electric to the bottom part of the

city. Marine city is a city with advanced solar system which has a large pyramid solar

panel as the center to generate the electric to whole city. The bottom layer is the

government buildings, business area, commercial areas, recreational areas,

education areas, religious and cultures areas, hospitals, services area, industrial



30

area, residential, community area, port and shipping area, agriculture area,

hospitality and tourism etc.. Other than that, Marine city also has advanced

transportation system under the ground.

7.6 Conclusion about the Marine city

Marine city is an underwater city. A city produces the electric energy on the top layer

of the city and supply electric energy to the bottom layer of the city. If the



31

8. The Conclusion In conclusion, in this final project, I had created an underwater city named

Marine city, through the research about the ancient cities, present cities and future

city. I took ideas from those cities to make sure that my city is livable under the water.

There’s many things need to think about when creating a new city for a

population of 150,000 – 500,000 people, such as the plans of the new city, how the

food resources came from and how to make the new city sustainable.

I learned many from this final project. Other than that, I also learned how to

differentiate and compare the different development of the built environment by

looking at the landscape, space, building and infrastructure.



32

9. References list 1. Atlantis (1997) The True History of Atlantis. Available from

http://www.atlan.org/articles/true_history/ [14 July 2013]

2. THE URBAN VISION: EXPERT DIARY (APRIL 11, 2010) What makes a good city.

Available from http://www.theurbanvision.com/blogs/?p=372 [14 July 2013]

3. Teotihuacan (2001) Teotihuacan. Available from

http://www.nativeweb.org/pages/pyramids/teotihuacan.html [14 July 2013]

4. Marine Insight (October 12, 2011) Top 10 Amazing Facts About the Lost City of

Atlantis. Available from http://www.marineinsight.com/marine/marine-

news/headline/top-10-amazing-facts-about-the-lost-city-of-atlantis/ [14 July 2013]

5. The metropolitan museum of art (2000–2013) Teotihuacan. Available from

http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/teot/hd_teot.htm [14July 2013]

6. KUCHINGTOUR.COM (2004) History of Kuching. Available from

http://www.kuchingtour.com/history-of-kuching [14July 2013]

7. The Ancient Aztec City (2004) Teotihuacan. Available from

http://elpage3.tripod.com/teotihua.htm [15 July 2013]

8. Howstuffworks? (1998-2013) How Masdar City Will Work. Available from

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/zero-carbon-

city1.htm [15July 2013]

9. Tripadvisor (2013) Freiburg im Breisgau: History. Available from

http://www.tripadvisor.com/Travel-g187281-s203/Freiburg-Im-

Breisgau:Germany:History.html [15 July 2013]

http://www.atlan.org/articles/true_history/

http://www.theurbanvision.com/blogs/?p=372

http://www.theurbanvision.com/blogs/?p=372

http://www.nativeweb.org/pages/pyramids/teotihuacan

http://www.marineinsight.com/marine/marine-news/headline/top-10-amazing-facts-about-the-lost-city-of-atlantis/

http://www.marineinsight.com/marine/marine-news/headline/top-10-amazing-facts-about-the-lost-city-of-atlantis/

http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/teot/hd_teot.htm

http://www.kuchingtour.com/

http://www.kuchingtour.com/history-of-kuching

http://www.kuchingtour.com/history-of-kuching

http://elpage3.tripod.com/teotihua.htm

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/zero-carbon-city1.htm

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/zero-carbon-city1.htm

http://www.tripadvisor.com/Travel-g187281-s203/Freiburg-Im-Breisgau:Germany:History.html

http://www.tripadvisor.com/Travel-g187281-s203/Freiburg-Im-Breisgau:Germany:History.html