ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISEENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE
(1) GLUCOSE + ATP (1) GLUCOSE + ATP GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE + ADP + H GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE + ADP + H++
(2) CH(2) CH33CHCH22OH + NADOH + NAD++ (CH3)CHO + NADH + H (CH3)CHO + NADH + H++
(3) ATP + H(3) ATP + H22O O ADP + P ADP + Pii
(4) CH(4) CH33(CO)COO(CO)COO-- + H + H++ CH CH33CHO + COCHO + CO2 2
(PYRUVATE)(PYRUVATE) (ACETALDEHYDE) (ACETALDEHYDE)
(5) CH(5) CH33(CO)COO(CO)COO-- + ATP + CO + ATP + CO22 ADP + P ADP + Pii + + --OOC-CHOOC-CH22 (C0) COO (C0) COO--
(OXALOACETATE)(OXALOACETATE)
--OOC HOOC H H H H H
|| | | | | | |(6) C = C (6) C = C C = C C = C | || | | | | | H COOH COO- -- -OOC COOOOC COO--
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISEENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE
(7) OXALOACETATE + GTP (7) OXALOACETATE + GTP PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE + GDP PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE + GDP + +
COCO22
(8) ASP + (8) ASP + -KETOGLUTARATE -KETOGLUTARATE OXALOACETATE + GLU OXALOACETATE + GLU
(9) 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE (9) 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE 2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE 2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE
(10) (10) --OOC-CHOOC-CH22-CH-CH22-COO-COO-- + FAD + FAD --OOC-CH=CH-COOOOC-CH=CH-COO-- + FADH + FADH22
ENZYME CLASSIFICATIONENZYME CLASSIFICATIONANSWERS TO IN-CLASS EXERCISEANSWERS TO IN-CLASS EXERCISE
(1) TRANSFERASE (HEXOKINASE)(1) TRANSFERASE (HEXOKINASE)
(2) OXIDOREDUCTASE (ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE)(2) OXIDOREDUCTASE (ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE)
(3) HYDROLASE (ATPase)(3) HYDROLASE (ATPase)
(4) LYASE (PYRUVATE DECARBOXYLASE)(4) LYASE (PYRUVATE DECARBOXYLASE)
(5) LIGASE (PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE)(5) LIGASE (PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE)
(6) ISOMERASE (MALEATE ISOMERASE)(6) ISOMERASE (MALEATE ISOMERASE)
(7) HYDROLASE (PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE (7) HYDROLASE (PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYKINASE)CARBOXYKINASE)
(8) TRANSFERASE (AMINOTRANSFERASE)(8) TRANSFERASE (AMINOTRANSFERASE)
(9) PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE(9) PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE
(10) OXIDOREDUCTASE (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE) (10) OXIDOREDUCTASE (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE)
OXIDOREDUCTASESOXIDOREDUCTASES
CATALYZE REDOX REACTIONSCATALYZE REDOX REACTIONS
SOME COMMON TYPES:SOME COMMON TYPES:– REDUCTASESREDUCTASES– DEHYDROGENASESDEHYDROGENASES– OXIDASESOXIDASES– OXYGENASESOXYGENASES
LOOK FOR INVOLVEMENT OF COENZYMESLOOK FOR INVOLVEMENT OF COENZYMES– NADNAD++ , NADP , NADP++, FAD, FMN, FAD, FMN
TRANSFERASESTRANSFERASES
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPSTRANSFER OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
SOME EXAMPLES:SOME EXAMPLES:– TRANSFERASESTRANSFERASES– PHOSPHORYLASESPHOSPHORYLASES
TRANSFER OF PTRANSFER OF Pii OR PP OR PPii
– KINASESKINASESA PHOSPHATE TRANSFERA PHOSPHATE TRANSFER
UTILIZE OR GENERATE ATPUTILIZE OR GENERATE ATP
HYDROLASESHYDROLASES
HYDROLYSIS REACTIONSHYDROLYSIS REACTIONS
WATER MOLECULES USED TO BREAK WATER MOLECULES USED TO BREAK BONDSBONDS
EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:– PHOSPHATASESPHOSPHATASES– PEPTIDASESPEPTIDASES– ATPase, GTPaseATPase, GTPase
LYASESLYASES
CATALYZES REACTIONS THATCATALYZES REACTIONS THAT– GENERATE A DOUBLE BONDGENERATE A DOUBLE BOND– ADDS A SUBSTRATE MOLECULE TO ADDS A SUBSTRATE MOLECULE TO
DOUBLE BOND OF A SECOND DOUBLE BOND OF A SECOND SUBSTRATESUBSTRATE
EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:– DECARBOXYLASESDECARBOXYLASES– DEHYDRATASESDEHYDRATASES– ALDOLASEALDOLASE
ISOMERASESISOMERASES
CONVERSION OF ONE ISOMERIC FORM CONVERSION OF ONE ISOMERIC FORM INTO ANOTHERINTO ANOTHER
EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:– ISOMERASESISOMERASES– EPIMERASESEPIMERASES– RACEMASESRACEMASES– MUTASESMUTASES
LIGASESLIGASES
TWO MOLECULES ARE JOINEDTWO MOLECULES ARE JOINEDANABOLIC REACTIONSANABOLIC REACTIONSREQUIRE NUCLEOTIDES (ATP, GTP) TO REQUIRE NUCLEOTIDES (ATP, GTP) TO DRIVE THEMDRIVE THEM– A PYROPHOSPHATE BOND MUST BE BROKENA PYROPHOSPHATE BOND MUST BE BROKEN
EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:– CARBOXYLASECARBOXYLASE– SYNTHSYNTHETETASESASES
DON’T CONFUSE SYNTHETASES WITH DON’T CONFUSE SYNTHETASES WITH SYNTHASESSYNTHASES
ONGOING EXERCISEONGOING EXERCISE
USING THE PRECEEDING PRINCIPLES USING THE PRECEEDING PRINCIPLES OF ENZYME CLASSIFICATION, MAKE OF ENZYME CLASSIFICATION, MAKE SURE THAT YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE SURE THAT YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE CLASS OF ENZYME FOR EACH CLASS OF ENZYME FOR EACH ENZYME THAT WE STUDY AND ENZYME THAT WE STUDY AND RATIONALIZE WHY IT FITS INTO THAT RATIONALIZE WHY IT FITS INTO THAT PARTICULAR CLASSPARTICULAR CLASS