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Eugene Delacroix-
“Liberty Leads the Masses” French
Revolutuion
Manifest Destiny
US History
Map of United States Circa 1830
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What is Manifest Destiny?
American Progress Color Lithograph by George A. Crofutt and John Gast
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What is “Manifest Destiny”
•Belief that the US should expand its territory from coast to coast
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US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
•1776
•Great Britain
•US declared independence from Great Britain
A - 13 Original Colonies
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US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
•1783
•Great Britain
•Part of results of Treaty of Paris (ended Revolutionary War)
B
B - Western Lands
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US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
•1803
•France
•Napoleon needed $
•Jefferson wanted to buy New Orleans
•He got all of this instead!
B
C - Louisiana Purchase
C
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US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
•1819
•Spain
•Andrew Jackson invaded
•Spain then sold it to us for $5 million
B
D - Florida
D
C
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Thinking Question
(don’t write this down!! Just think!)
Why weren’t Americans happy with the size of their country at this point in their history?
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Mr. Manifest Destiny
James K. Polk•Elected President in 1844
•Added more territory to the US (by any means) than any other President
•Died 103 days after his single term ended
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Objective: To examine Manifest Destiny and the start of the Mexican War.
• New York
• Idaho
• Indiana
• Nevada
• Texas
• Nebraska
• Florida - 1819, Ceded by Spain
- 1776, original 13 states
-1783, terms of the Treaty of Paris
-1846, agreement with Britain
-1848, Mexican Cession (Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo)
-1845, Annexed by Congress
- 1803, Louisiana Purchase (Purchased from France)
Do Now: Use the maps provided to write when, and in what way, the following areas became parts of the United States.
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Manifest Destiny - belief that the U.S. had the right to all the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
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Election of 1844
• Presidential candidate James Polk believed strongly in Manifest Destiny, and he favored annexing Oregon and Texas.
President James K. Polk
• Polk’s Presidential slogans were:
“Fifty-Four Forty or Fight” and
“All of Oregon or None”
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• After winning the election, the U.S. and Great Britain compromised by dividing Oregon at latitude 49 degrees north. This is why we now call the Canada-US Border the 49th Parallel. We in Nova Scotia Live south of this, as do Toronto citizens. However, its become the standard way of describing the border.
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• The U.S. declared war on Mexico in 1846, shortly after annexing Texas.
MULTIMEDIA
Mexican War – The Beginning
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Gen. Zachary Taylor
Gen. Santa Anna* First battle of the war.
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• Northerners opposed the war. They felt it was a Southern attempt to add more slave states to the Union.
Michigan
Maine
Illinois
Indiana
Ohio
Vermont
Rhode Island
New York
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Connecticut
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Arkansas
Missouri
Alabama
Mississippi
Louisiana
Tennessee
Kentucky
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Maryland
Georgia
Delaware
Free States
Slave States
Balance of Power Between Free and Slave States as of 1844
Original 13 States
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US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
•1845
•Republic of Texas (Independent Country)
•Texas independent from Mexico in 1836
•Northerners feared it would become a slave
state •Fears finally overcome in 1944 Presidential election
B
E - Texas
D
C
E
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US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
•1846
•Great Britain
•Claimed by four countries (G. Britain, Russia, Spain, & US)
•Americans demanded “54° 40’ or fight!”
•Britain compromised 49° & US accepted
B
F - Oregon Territory
D
C
E
F
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US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
•1848
•Mexico
•Polk offers to buy G from Mexico & they refuse
•War!
•US wins
•In Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, US offers $15 million for G
B
G - Mexican Cession
D
C
E
F
G
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Discussion Question
(Don’t write!! Just think!)
Why does the U.S. keep offering countries money for territories they gain through war (Ex. Florida and Mexico)?
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HAWAII AND ALASKA?Alaska - 3 January 1959
HOW?
Acquisition in 1867 by the U.S. from Russia of 586,412 sq mi (1.5 million sq km) at the northwestern tip of North America, comprising the current U.S. state of Alaska. The territory, held by Russia since 1741, was considered an economic liability, and in 1866 it was offered for sale. Pres. Andrew Johnson's secretary of state, William Seward, negotiated its purchase for $7.2 million, or about two cents per acre. Critics labeled the purchase Seward's Folly. Congressional opposition delayed the appropriation until 1868, when extensive lobbying and bribes by the Russian minister to the U.S. secured the required votes
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Hawaii became a US Territory in 1898 by Act of Congress.
After William McKinley won the presidential election in 1896, Hawaii's annexation to the U.S. was again discussed. The previous president, Grover Cleveland, was a friend of Hawaii’s Queen Liliuokalani. McKinley was open to persuasion by U.S. expansionists and by annexationists from Hawaii. He met with three annexationists from Hawaii: Lorrin Thurston, Francis March Hatch and William Ansel Kinney. After negotiations, in June 1897, Secretary of State John Sherman agreed to a treaty of annexation with these representatives of the Republic of Hawaii.
Hawaii – BECAME A STATE 21 August 1959
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