IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 3, Issue 10, 2015 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 442
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks Using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and
Rice Husk Ash for Medium Traffic
Barun Kumar1 Rashmi Sakale
2 Devansh Jain
3 A.K Jha
4
1M.tech Scholar
2,4Associate Professor
3Assistant Professor
1,2Truba Institute of Engineering and IT
3UIT-RGPV
4Bhopal Laxmi Narian College of Technology
Abstract— Strong unreinforced pre-cast bond concrete paver
blocks is a flexible, tastefully appealing, practical,
financially savvy and requires next to zero support if
effectively produced and laid. Paver blocks can be utilized
for distinctive movement classifications i.e. Non-movement,
Light-activity, Medium-traffic, Heavy-traffic and Very
heavy traffic. In present study work paver blocks of M-40
grade of concrete of 80mm thickness for medium activity
with differing rate of nylon fiber i.e. 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%,
0.4%,0.5% is utilized to enhance the compressive strength is
thrown. Subsequent to discovering ideal rate of nylon fiber,
the same is utilized as consistent alongside Fly Ash and Rice
Husk Ash in shifting rate 10%, 20%, 30% is added as bond
substitution to analyze the progressions in compressive
strength and flexure strength of paver block.
Key words: Fly Ash, Rice Husk Ash, Nylon fiber,
Compressive strength, Paver block
I. INTRODUCTION
Cement solid tiles and clearing blocks are precast strong
items made out of cement. The item is made in different
sizes and shapes viz. rectangular, square and round blocks of
distinctive measurements with outlines for interlocking of
adjoining tiles blocks. The crude materials required for
assembling of the item are Portland cement and aggregates
which are accessible locally in all aspects of the nation
applications. Thus, the unit may be set up in urban and semi-
urban ranges, close to the business sector. A considerable
measure of cosmetic touch up is being given to streets, trails
along the roadside. Solid clearing blocks are perfect
materials on the pathways for simple laying, better look and
wrap up. While the tiles discover broad use outside the
expansive building and houses, loads of these materials are
likewise utilized as a part of ground surface in the open
zones of open workplaces and business structures and
private flats.
We all know for asphalt of paver block required
high compressive strength and to expand the compressive
strength of paver blocks different endeavors have been
made. In this specific study M40 paver blocks have been
cates of 80 mm thickness for medium activity and to expand
its compressive strength Nylon fiber is added to concrete.
In present study work paver blocks of M-40
evaluation of 80mm thickness for medium movement with
fluctuating rate of nylon fiber (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%,
0.4%,0.5%) is utilized to enhance the compressive strength
is thrown. In the wake of discovering ideal rate of nylon
fiber, the same is utilized as steady alongside Fly Ash and
Rice Husk Ash in differing rate (10%, 20%, 30%) is
included (as cement replacement) to inspect the progressions
in compressive strength and flexure strength of paver block.
II. MANUFACTURING OF PAVER BLOCKS
How paver block is manufactured for experimental work is
described below. 80mm thick Paver block of M-40 grade is
cast for the experimental work. For manufacturing of paver
blocks certain Steps is followed which is given below.
A. Dimension of the Paver Blocks
For manufacturing of paver block first we have decide that
size of the paver block, which is according to manufacturer
is given below:
Shape: I section
Length: 200 mm
Width: 160 mm
Thickness = 80 mm
Aspect ratio (L/T) = 200/80 = 2.5 < 4.0 as per IS 15658 :
2006
B. Calculation Of Area By IS 15658 : 2006
1) Plan Area (Asp)(Method 1)
The test example should be weighted, while suspended by
metal wire, and totally submerged in water, and the weight
might be recorded in N to closest 0.01N (Wa). They should
be expelled from water and permitted to deplete for one
moment by putting them on a 10mm coarser wire network.
Noticeable water on the example might be evacuated with a
clammy material. The example should be quickly weighed
and the weight for every example noted N to the closest
0.01N (WW). the volume of example should be computed as
takes after:
Volume = (WW – Wa) 10-3 m3
The volume shall be divided by thickness to obtain plan area
in mm2.
Volume = 0.0002 m3
Area= 28589.32 mm2
2) Plan Area (Asp)(Method 2)
The example might be set, wearing face confronting up, on
cardboard and its edge is followed with the pencil. The
shape might be cut precisely with the scissors and weighted
to the closest 0.0001N, and the outcome recorded as mass
(msp). A rectangle measuring 200mm x 100mm cut out
from same cardboard should likewise be weighted to closest
0.0001 N, and result recorded as mass (mstd). the
arrangement range for the block might be computed from
the equation:
Msp= 0.020 Kg
Mstd= 0.014 Kg
Area (Asp) = 28571.4286 = 28572 mm2
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks Using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash for Medium Traffic
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 10/2015/089)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 443
3) Selection of Ingredient
All fixing utilized as a part of this venture is chosen
according to procurement given under IS 15658 : 2006,
Cement utilized for undertaking is Ordinary Portland cement
of evaluation 43., Rice husks are the hard securing covers of
grains of rice. Notwithstanding ensuring rice amid the
developing season Rice husk is taken from Bhagrava krishi
Farm, Vidisha where rice is taken from homestead and after
that by offer of thrasher some assistance with ricing and rice
husk are isolated, and after that this rice husk is blaze. The
smoldering procedure of rice husk proceeds around 48
hours. Following 48 hours rice husk fiery remains stay
untouched for 12 hours because of cooling procedure. At
that point rice husk cinder experiences a mechanical
procedure of pounding to make rice husk fine, on the
grounds that finer husk gives better result when it is
supplanted by cement in cement. Fly slag is gathered from
Dirk india Pvt. Ltd., Bhopal where they bring fly fiery
debris from all over india and afterward they make solid
utilizing fly slag. So fly powder is gathered dirk plant and
utilized as a part of cement for test work. Locally accessible
nylon fiber is utlilized and Water utilized as a part of paver
blocks is adjusting the determination of IS 456 : 2000.
Water utilized for blending is free from damaging measure
of oils, acids, soluble bases, salts, sugar, natural materials or
different substances that may be pernicious to concrete.
Characteristic waterway sand, which free from natural
pollutions is utilized as a part of this undertaking alongside
10 mm most extreme estimated pulverized regular stone is
utilized as coarse aggregate. Blend Design is done of cement
of M-40 grade according to IS 10262 : 2009 and curing is
done in clean water, which is gathered from research center
tab and free pollutions at room temperature.
III. EXPERIMENT AND RESULTS
Experiment performed in this project with their test result
and discussion on compressive strength development of
control concrete, Nylon Fiber Concrete, Fly Ash and Rice
Husk Ash with Nylon Fiber Concrete paver blocks and
Concrete at different curing period, and also different test
results which is carried on different materials is discussed
below.
A. Physical Test on Materials
Various Physical tests on concrete on cement and aggregates
are performed. Test like fineness modulus and specific
gravity are performed. And their results are given below:
1) Specific Gravity Test
Specific gravity test of all material are performed in
laboratory and their results are given in table 1 below:
S. No. Material Specific Gravity
1. Cement 3.15
2. Fine Aggregate 2.56
3. Coarse Aggregate 2.75
4. Rice Husk Ash 2.35
5. Fly Ash 2.50
Table 1: Results of Specific Gravity Test
2) Fineness Modulus
Fineness modulus of cement and aggregates are performed
and it is observed that Fineness modulus of material are
satisfactory.
S. No Material Fineness modulus
1. Cement 3.8
2. Rice Husk Ash 3.2
3. Fly Ash 2.7
4. Fine Aggregate 3.29
5. Coarse Aggregate 7.44
Table 2: Results for fineness modulus of materials
3) Water Absorption of Aggregates
Water absorption test of the concrete is performed in
laboratory, water absorption of fine aggregate is 0.206 and
of coarse aggregate is 1.023.
4) Bulking Of Sand
Bulking of sand is not required because mix is designed for
weigh batching and by sieve analysis and gradation curve
sand comes in Zone II so correction for bulking is required.
But, bulking of sand is calculated and its value is 24%.
B. Workability
1) Workability of Nylon Fiber Paver Blocks
Table 3 and graph 1 shows workability of the concrete with
nylon fiber and it has been observed that nylon fiber
decreases workability of the concrete
Mix Slump (mm)
Standard Concrete 83
FB1 80
FB2 78
FB3 78
FB4 74
FB5 71
Table 3: Workability of Concrete with Nylon fibers
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks Using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash for Medium Traffic
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 10/2015/089)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 444
Fig. 1: Graph 1: Workability of Concrete with Nylon fibers
2) Workability of Fly Ash Paver Blocks With Nylon Fiber
Table 4 and graph 2 shows workability of the concrete with
fly ash nylon fiber and it is clearly shows that fly ash with
nylon fiber increases the workability of the concrete.
Mix Slump (mm)
Standard Concrete 83
FA10 95
FA20 103
FA30 110
Table 4: Workability of Concrete with Nylon fibers and Fly
Ash
Fig. 2: Graph 2: Workability of Concrete with Nylon fibers
and Fly Ash
3) Workability of Rice Husk Ash Paver Blocks With Nylon
Fiber
Table 5 and graph 3 shows workability of concrete with rice
husk ash and nylon fiber and it has been observed that these
material decreases the workability of the concrete.
Mix Slump (mm)
Standard Concrete 83
RHA10 72
RHA20 65
RHA30 58
Table 5: Workability of Concrete with Nylon fibers and
Rice Husk Ash
Fig. 3Graph 3: Workability of Concrete with Nylon fibers
and Rice Husk Ash
C. Compressive Strength Test
S.No. Paver Block
Thickness
(mm)
Correction factor
Plain
Block
Arrised /
Chamfered Block
1. 50 0.96 1.03
2. 60 1.00 1.06
3. 80 1.12 1.18
4. 100 1.18 1.24
5. 120 1.28 1.34
Table 6: Correction Factors for Thickness and Arris /
Chamfer of Paver Block for Calculation of Compressive
Strength
For other thickness of paver blocks between 50 mm
and 120 mm, linear extrapolation of-concrete factor shall be
made.
When paver blocks goes through compressive
strength test it has been observed that compressive strength
of paver blocks increases in the nylon fiber content upto
0.3%; when we increase the nylon fiber content further
0.4% and 0.5% it possess comparatively lower compressive
strength. 0.3% of nylon fiber paver blocks possess 42.309
N/mm2 compressive strength, when we correct it according
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
Standard
Concrete
FB1 FB2 FB3 FB4 FB5
Slump (mm)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Standard
Concrete
FA10 FA20 FA30
Slump (mm)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Standard
Concrete
RHA10 RHA20 RHA30
Slump (mm)
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks Using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash for Medium Traffic
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 10/2015/089)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 445
to 15658 : 2006 it goes to 49.92 N/mm2; after testing the
nylon fiber pavers for their compressive strength we get the
optimum percentage of nylon fiber is 0.3%. with this
optimum percentage of nylon fiber we replace cement by
Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash upto 30% at regular interval of
10% in paver blocks mixes and after compressive strength
test it has been observed that FA 20 mix i.e. 20% Fly Ash
replacement and 10% Rice Husk Ash replacement mix i.e
RHA10 mix with optimum nylon fiber content gives
maximum compressive strength. Result of compressive
strength test is given below
1) Compressive Strength of Nylon Fiber Paver Blocks
When nylon fiber paver blocks is tested for their
compressive strength their FB3 mix gives highest result.
Compressive strength test is given in table 7 and graph 4-5.
MIX COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (N/MM
2)
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
STANDARD
MIX 36.9 39.87 42.24
FB1 35.414 36.423 37.439
FB2 35.834 37.143 37.849
FB3 40.121 42.245 44.258
FB4 38.094 39.423 40.209
FB5 37.944 39.243 39.899
Table 7: Compressive Strength of Nylon Fiber Paver Blocks
Fig. 4: Graph 4: Compressive Strength of Nylon Fiber Paver
Blocks
Fig .5: Graph 5: Compressive Strength of Nylon Fiber
Paver Blocks
2) Corrected Compressive Strength of Nylon Fiber Paver
Blocks
As per IS 15658 compressive strength of paver blocks is
corrected, 1.18 is multiplied with calculated compressive
strength for arrised and chamfer blocks and their
compressive strength result is given table 8 and graph 6-7
Mix Compressive Strength (N/mm
2)
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Standard Mix 43.542 47.0466 49.8432
FB1 41.7885 42.9791 44.178
FB2 42.2841 43.8287 44.6618
FB3 47.3428 49.8491 52.2244
FB4 44.9509 46.5191 47.4466
FB5 44.7739 46.3067 47.0808
Table 8: Corrected Compressive Strength of nylon fiber
paver blocks as per IS 15658
Fig. 6: Graph 6: Corrected Compressive Strength of nylon
fiber paver blocks as per IS 15658
Fig. 7: Graph 7: Corrected Compressive Strength of nylon
fiber paver blocks as per IS 15658
MIX
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
(N/MM²)
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
STANDARD
CONCRETE 36.9 39.87 42.24
FA10 37.637 39.849 40.659
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Compressive Strength (N/mm2)
Standard Mix FB1
FB2 FB3
FB4 FB5
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks Using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash for Medium Traffic
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 10/2015/089)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 446
FA20 39.78 41.25 44.89
FA30 37.227 38.129 38.519
Table 9: Compressive Strength of Fly Ash Paver Blocks
with Nylon Fiber
Fig. 8: Graph 8: Compressive Strength of Fly Ash Paver
Blocks with Nylon Fiber
Fig. 9: Graph 9: Compressive Strength of Fly Ash Paver
Blocks with Nylon Fiber
3) Corrected Compressive Strength of Fly Ash Paver
Blocks With Nylon Fiber
1.18 is multiplied with calculated compressive strength for
arrised and chamfer blocks and their compressive strength
result is given table 12 and graph 14-15.
MIX
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
(N/MM²)
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
STANDARD
CONCRETE 43.542 47.0466 49.8432
FA10 44.4117 47.0218 47.9776
FA20 46.9404 48.675 52.9702
FA30 43.9279 44.9922 45.4524
Table 10: Corrected Compressive Strength of Fly Ash Paver
Blocks with Nylon Fiber as per 15658
Fig. 10: Graph 10: Corrected Compressive Strength of Fly
Ash Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber as per 15658
Fig. 11: Graph 11: Corrected Compressive Strength of Fly
Ash Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber as per 15658
4) Compressive Strength Of Rice Husk Ash Paver Blocks
With Nylon Fiber
After getting optimum percentage of nylon fiber i.e 0.3%,
Rice Husk Ash is added to paver blocks and Compressive
Strength test result is given in table 11 and graph 12-13
Mix Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Standard Concrete 36.9 39.87 42.24
RHA10 34.6 38.79 48.7
RHA20 29.41 34.47 40.95
RHA30 27.82 32.05 37.15
Table 11: Compressive Strength of Rice Husk Ash Paver
Blocks with Nylon Fiber
0
10
20
30
40
50
Standard
Concrete
FA10 FA20 FA30
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
0
10
20
30
40
50
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
Standard Concrete FA10
FA20 FA30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
Standard Concrete FA10
FA20 FA30
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks Using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash for Medium Traffic
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 10/2015/089)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 447
Fig. 12: Graph 12: Compressive Strength of Rice Husk Ash
Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber
Fig. 13: Graph 13: Compressive Strength of Rice Husk Ash
Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber
5) Corrected Compressive Strength of Rice Husk Ash
Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber
1.18 is multiplied with calculated compressive strength for
arrised and chamfer blocks and their compressive strength
result is given table 12 and graph 14-15.
Mix Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Standard Concrete 43.542 47.0466 49.8432
RHA10 40.828 45.7722 57.466
RHA20 34.7038 40.6746 48.321
RHA30 32.8276 37.819 43.837
Table 12: Corrected Compressive Strength of Rice Husk
Ash Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber as Per IS 15658
Fig. 14: Graph 14: Corrected Compressive Strength of Rice
Husk Ash Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber as per IS 15658
Fig. 15: Graph 15: Corrected Compressive Strength of Rice
Husk Ash Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber as per IS 15658
D. Flexural Strength Test
1) Flexural Strength Of Nylon Fiber Paver Blocks
Flexural Strength of the nylon fiber paver blocks is given
below in table 13 and graph 16-17. It has been observed that
FB3 mix i.e. 0.3% nylon mix gives maximum flexural
strength which is good for medium traffic
Mix Flexural Strength (N/mm
2)
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Standard Mix 3.10 4.80 4.94
FB1 3.04 4.59 4.65
FB2 3.06 4.63 4.68
FB3 3.23 4.94 5.06
FB4 3.15 4.77 4.82
FB5 3.14 4.76 4.80
Table 13: Flexural Strength of Nylon Fiber Paver Blocks
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
Standard Concrete RHA10
RHA20 RHA30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
Standard Concrete RHA10 RHA20 RHA30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Standard
Concrete
RHA10 RHA20 RHA30
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Compressive Strength (N/mm²)
Standard Concrete RHA10
RHA20 RHA30
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks Using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash for Medium Traffic
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 10/2015/089)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 448
Fig. 16: Graph 16: Flexural Strength of Nylon Fiber Paver
Blocks
Fig. 17: Graph 17: Flexural Strength of Nylon Fiber Paver
Blocks
2) Flexural Strength of Fly Ash Paver Blocks with Nylon
Fiber
Table 14 and graph 18-19 shows flexural strength of the fly
ash paver blocks with nylon fiber, its FA20 mix gives i.e. of
20% fly ash and 0.3% nylon fiber possess maximum
flexural strength in this section
MIX FLEXURAL STRENGTH (N/MM
2)
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
STANDARD
CONCRETE 3.10 4.80 4.94
FA10 3.13 4.80 4.85
FA20 3.22 4.88 5.09
FA30 3.12 4.70 4.72
Table 14: Flexural Strength of Fly Ash Paver Block with
Nylon Fiber
Fig. 18: Graph 18: Flexural Strength of Fly Ash Paver Block
with Nylon Fiber
Fig. 19: Graph 19: Flexural Strength of Fly Ash Paver Block
with Nylon Fiber
3) S Flexural Strength of Rice Husk Ash Paver Blocks with
Nylon Fiber
Table 15 and graph 20-21 shows flexural strength of the rice
husk ash paver blocks with nylon fiber, its RHA20 mix
gives i.e. of 10% rice husk ash and 0.3% nylon fiber possess
maximum flexural strength in this section.
MIX FLEXURAL STRENGTH (N/MM
2)
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
STANDARD
CONCRETE 3.10 4.80 4.94
RHA10 3.00 4.74 5.31
RHA20 2.77 4.46 4.87
RHA30 2.69 4.30 4.63
Table 15: Flexural Strength of Rice Husk Ash Paver Blocks
with Nylon Fiber
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Standard
Mix
FB1 FB2 FB3 FB4 FB5
Flexural Strength (N/mm2) Flexural Strength (N/mm2)
Flexural Strength (N/mm2)
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Flexural Strength (N/mm2)
Standard Mix FB1 FB2
FB3 FB4 FB5
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Standard
Concrete
FA10 FA20 FA30
Flexural Strength (N/mm2) Flexural Strength (N/mm2)
Flexural Strength (N/mm2)
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Flexural Strength (N/mm2)
Standard Concrete FA10 FA20 FA30
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks Using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash for Medium Traffic
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 10/2015/089)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 449
Fig. 20: Graph 20: Flexural Strength of Rice Husk Ash
Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber
Fig. 21: Graph 21: Flexural Strength of Rice Husk Ash
Paver Blocks with Nylon Fiber
IV. CONCLUSION
Interlocking concrete Pavement has been extensively used in
a number of countries fosr quite sometime, as a specialized
problem solving technique, for providing pavement in areas
where conventional types of construction are less durable
due to many operational and environment constraints. In
present study work varying percentage of nylon fiber (0.1%,
0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% & 0.5%) is used to improve the
compressive strength of concrete paver block. After finding
optimum percentage of nylon fiber, the same is used as
constant with Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash in varying
percentage (10%, 20% & 30%) is added (as cement
replacement) to examine the changes in compressive
strength and flexural strength of paver block. Following
conclusion is carried out from present study.
1) After performing compressive strength test on the
paver blocks with varying percentage of nylon
fiber, it is observed that by addition of 0.3% nylon
fiber gives the maximum compressive strength at 7,
14 and 28 days.
2) It is concluded that addition of nylon fiber in the
construction of concrete paver block increases its
compressive strength up to 4.55% as compared to
standard mix.
3) It is observed that in concrete paver block with
optimum nylon fiber content and 20% Fly Ash
replacing OPC, gives the maximum compressive
strength at 7, 14 and 28 days.
4) It is observed that in concrete paver block with
optimum nylon fiber content and 10% Rice Husk
Ash replacing OPC, gives the maximum
compressive strength at 7, 14 and 28 days.
5) It is also concluded that, addition of optimum nylon
fiber with Rice Husk Ash in concrete paver blocks,
increases its compressive strength up to 5.90% in
their 20% replacement mix as compared to
standard mix.
6) It is also concluded that, addition of optimum nylon
fiber with Fly Ash in concrete paver blocks,
increases its compressive strength up to 13.26% in
their 10% replacement mix as compared to
standard mix.
7) Nylon Fiber does not effects much on the
workability of the concrete, but there is some
decrease in the slump value of concrete when we
increase the content of nylon fibers.
8) Fly Ash with Nylon Fibers increase the workability
of the concrete, this mix increase slump value of
concrete by 24.54%.
9) Rice Husk Ash with Nylon Fibers decrease the
workability of the concrete, this mix decrease
slump value of concrete by 30.12%.
10) Likewise compressive strength, 0.3% of nylon fiber
is optimum percentage for flexural strength.
11) 0.3% nylon fiber with 20% Fly Ash i.e. FA20 mix
and 0.3% nylon fiber with 10% rice husk ash i.e.
RHA10 mix gives maximum and better flexural
strength.
REFRENCES
[1] ACI Committee 201, ''Proposed Revision of: Guide to
Durable Concrete (ACI201.2R)'', ACI Material Journal,
V.88, No.5, pp 554-551, Sept-Oct, 1991.
[2] Bikasha C. P., and Ashok K.G., ''Structural Behaviour
of Concrete Block Paving 2: Concrete Blocks'', Journal
of Transportation Engineering, Vol 128, No.2, , pp.
130-135, 2002.
[3] Dr. S.D. Sharma, “An Easy Approach For Road
Construction-interlocking Concrete Paver Blocks”,
New Delhi, NBMCW, September 2009.
[4] Ghafoori, N. and Sukandar, B.M., ''Abrasion Resistance
of Concrete Block Pavers'', ACI Materials Journal, V
92, No.1, pp25-36, January-February 1995.
[5] Humpola, B., ''Some Aspects of CBP Quality'', The
Fifth International Conference on Concrete Block
Paving, Tel-Aviv, Israel, pp. 103-113, 1996.
[6] Humpola, B., Bullen, F., Knapton, J., ''Quick Quality
Control of Concrete Block Pavers In Australia'', The
Fifth International Conference on Concrete Block
Paving, Tel-Aviv, Israel, pp. 55-64, 1996.
[7] IS 456:2000 Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced
Concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards. New Delhi.
[8] IS 15658: 2006, Precast concrete blocks for paving-
Specification
[9] IS 7245 : 1974 Specification for concrete pavers.
[10] IRC SP: 63-2004 Guidelines for Use of Interlocking
Concrete Block Pavement
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Standard
Concrete
RHA10 RHA20 RHA30
Flexural Strength (N/mm2)Flexural Strength (N/mm2)Flexural Strength (N/mm2)
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7 Days 14 Days 28 Days
Flexural Strength (N/mm2)
Standard Concrete RHA10
RHA20 RHA30
Evolution of Properties of Pavers Blocks Using Nylon Fiber Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash for Medium Traffic
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 10/2015/089)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 450
[11] IS 1893:2002 Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced
Concrete. Bureau of Indian Standards. New Delhi.
[12] Pritchard C., and Dawson S., Precast Concrete Paving:
A Design Handbook, Interpave, Leicester, England,
60p, 1999.
[13] Pritchard, C., Precast Concrete Paving: Installation and
Maintenance, Interpave, Leicester, England, 64p, 2001.
[14] Ravikumar C.M. “Experimental Studies on Interlocking
Iron-ore-Tailing Based Paving Tiles”, M-Tech (I.S)
Thesis, Mangalore University, May- June 2000.
[15] SOR for Road Bridge works in Public Works
Department (471/SOR/Communication/2013).
[16] Sampathkumar N.N et al. “Utilization Waste Tailing in
Roofing Tiles & Bricks”, Workshop on Cost effective
Building Technology, NITK, Surathkal, March 1988.
[17] Shackel.B,”The Design of Interlocking Concrete Block
Pavements for Road Traffic” Proceedings of 1st
International conference on Concrete Blocks Paving,
London, pp. 23-32, 1980.
[18] Shackel.B. “Design & Construction of Interlocking
Concrete Block Pavements”, Elsevier Applied Science,
London, pp 229-230, 1990.
[19] Kumar Jaladi, “Studies on Concrete Hollow Blocks
with Iron ore Tailings as Fine Aggregate”, M. Tech
dissertation, Mangalore University, 2001.