Transcript
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Table of Contents

World trade developments in 2002 and prospects for 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1. Highlights of world trade in 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. Global merchandise output and trade volume developments by sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23. Development of trade values by product. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24. Trade by region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45. Merchandise trade of major regional trade agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166. Trade developments in the first half of 2003 and prospects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

I. World trade in 2002 - overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

II. Selected long-term trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

III. Trade by region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372. North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453. Latin America. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534. Western Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615. Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS (transition economies) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696. Africa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787. Middle East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828. Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859. Least-developed countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

IV. Trade by sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1032. Agricultural products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1053. Mining products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

3.1 Fuels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1144. Manufactures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

4.1 Iron and steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1254.2 Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1294.3 Office machines and telecom equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1324.4 Automotive products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1394.5 Textiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1454.6 Clothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

5. Commercial services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1605.1 Transportation services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1605.2 Travel services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1625.3 Other commercial services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Appendix tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

World maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Technical notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

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List of tables and charts

Overview

Chart 1 Dollar depreciation against Western European and Asian currencies, 2001-03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Chart 2 Share of China in exports and imports of major traders, 2000 and 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Chart 3 World merchandise trade and production by major product group, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Table 1 World exports of merchandise and commercial services, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Chart 4 World merchandise exports by product, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Chart 5 World merchandise trade by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Chart 6 FDI inflows into Latin America and transition economies, 1997-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Table 2 GDP and trade developments in North America, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Table 3 GDP and trade developments in Latin America, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Chart 7 Latin America. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Table 4 GDP and trade developments in Western Europe, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Chart 8 Western Europe. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Table 5 GDP and trade developments in transition economies, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Table 6 GDP and trade developments in Africa, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Chart 9 Transition Economies. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Chart 10 Africa. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Table 7 GDP and trade developments in the Middle Esat, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Chart 11 Middle East. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Table 8 GDP and trade developments in Asia, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Chart 12 Asia. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Table 9 Intra-regional trade of major RTAs, 1995 and 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Chart 13 Real GDP and trade growth of OECD countries, 2001-03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

I. World trade in 2002 - overview

Table I.1 Growth in the volume of world merchandise exports and production by major product group, 1995-02 . . . . . . 19Table I.2 Growth in the volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1995-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Table I.3 Growth in the value of world merchandise trade by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Table I.4 Growth in the value of world trade in commercial services by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Table I.5 Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Table I.6 Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade (excluding intra-EU trade), 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Table I.7 Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Table I.8 Share of goods and commercial services in the total trade of selected regions and economies, 2002 . . . . . . . . 24Table I.9 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Chart I.1 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

II. Selected long-term trends

Chart II.1 World merchandise trade and production by major product group, 1950-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Chart II.2 World merchandise trade by major product group, 1950-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Table II.1 World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1950-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Table II.2 World merchandise trade by region and selected economy, 1948, 1953, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2002 . . 32Table II.3 Merchandise trade of North America by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2002 . . . . . . . . 33Table II.4 Merchandise trade of Western Europe by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2002. . . . . . . . 34Table II.5 Merchandise trade of Japan by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

III. Trade by region

1. Overview

Chart III.1 Value of world merchandise trade by region, 1995-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Chart III.2 Volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1995-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Table III.1 World merchandise exports by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Table III.2 World merchandise imports by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Table III.3 Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Chart III.3 World trade in commercial services by selected region, 1995-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Table III.4 World exports of commercial services by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

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Table III.5 World imports of commercial services by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Table III.6 Exports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Table III.7 Imports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Chart III.4 Trade in commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

2. North America

Table III.8 Merchandise trade of North America, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Table III.9 Merchandise trade of North America by region and by major product group, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Chart III.5 Merchandise trade of North America, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Chart III.6 Share of North America in world merchandise trade, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Table III.10 Merchandise exports of North America by product, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Table III.11 Merchandise imports of North America by product, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Table III.12 Merchandise exports of North America by destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Table III.13 Merchandise imports of North America by origin, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Table III.14 Merchandise exports and imports of Canada and the United States, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Table III.15 Merchandise trade of Canada by region and economy, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Table III.16 Merchandise trade of the United States by region and economy, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Table III.17 Merchandise exports of NAFTA countries by destination, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Table III.18 Trade in commercial services of Canada, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Table III.19 Trade in commercial services of the United States, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

3. Latin America

Table III.20 Merchandise trade of Latin America, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Table III.21 Merchandise trade of Latin America by region and by major product group, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Chart III.7 Merchandise trade of Latin America, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Chart III.8 Share of Latin America in world merchandise trade, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Table III.22 Merchandise exports of Latin America by product, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Table III.23 Merchandise exports of Latin America by destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Table III.24 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Latin America, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Table III.25 Merchandise exports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Table III.26 Merchandise imports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Table III.27 Merchandise exports of ANDEAN countries by region, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Table III.28 Merchandise imports of ANDEAN countries by region, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Table III.29 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Latin America, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4. Western Europe

Table III.30 Merchandise trade of Western Europe, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Table III.31 Merchandise trade of Western Europe by region and by major product group, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Chart III.9 Merchandise trade of Western Europe, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Chart III.10 Share of Western Europe in world merchandise trade, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Table III.32 Merchandise exports of Western Europe by product, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Table III.33 Merchandise imports of Western Europe by product, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Table III.34 Merchandise exports of Western Europe by destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Table III.35 Merchandise imports of Western Europe by origin, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Table III.36 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Western Europe, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Table III.37 Merchandise trade of the European Union by region and economy, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Table III.38 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Western Europe, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Table III.39 Trade in commercial services of France, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Table III.40 Trade in commercial services of Germany, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Table III.41 Trade in commercial services of Italy, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Table III.42 Trade in commercial services of the United Kingdom, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

5. Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS (transition economies)

Table III.43 Merchandise trade of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Table III.44 Merchandise trade of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS by region and by major

product group, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Chart III.11 Merchandise trade of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Chart III.12 Share of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS in world merchandise trade, 1990-02 . . 69Table III.45 Merchandise exports of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS by major product group

and main destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Table III.46 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS, 2002 . 71

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Table III.47 Merchandise exports of selected Central and Eastern European countries by region, major trading partner,and major product group, 2000-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Table III.48 Merchandise imports of selected Central and Eastern European countries by region, major trading partner,and major product group, 2000-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Table III.49 Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade of the Baltic States, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Table III.50 Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade of the CIS, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Table III.51 Merchandise exports of selected economies to the CIS, 2000-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Table III.52 Merchandise imports of selected economies from the CIS, 2000-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Table III.53 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States

and the CIS, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

6. Africa

Table III.54 Merchandise trade of Africa, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Table III.55 Merchandise trade of Africa by region and by major product group, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Chart III.13 Merchandise trade of Africa, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Chart III.14 Share of Africa in world merchandise trade, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Table III.56 Merchandise exports of Africa by major product group and main destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Table III.57 Merchandise exports of Africa by destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Table III.58 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Africa, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Table III.59 Merchandise exports of the European Union to Africa by product, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Table III.60 Merchandise imports of the European Union from Africa by product, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

7. Middle East

Table III.61 Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Table III.62 Merchandise trade of the Middle East by region and by major product group, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Chart III.15 Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Chart III.16 Share of the Middle East in world merchandise trade, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Table III.63 Merchandise exports of the Middle East by major product group and main destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Table III.64 Merchandise exports of the Middle East by destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Table III.65 Imports of fuels of selected regions and economies from the Middle East, 1995 and 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Table III.66 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the Middle East, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

8. Asia

Table III.67 Merchandise trade of Asia, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Table III.68 Merchandise trade of Asia by region and by major product group, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Chart III.17 Merchandise trade of Asia, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Chart III.18 Share of Asia in world merchandise trade, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Table III.69 Merchandise exports of Asia by major product group and main destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Table III.70 Merchandise exports of Asia by product, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Table III.71 Merchandise exports of Asia by destination, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Table III.72 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Asia, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Table III.73 Merchandise trade of Japan by region and by economy, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Table III.74 Merchandise exports of the United States, the European Union and Japan to China by major product, 2002 . . 90Table III.75 Merchandise imports of the United States, the European Union and Japan from China by major product, 2002 . 91Table III.76 Merchandise exports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Table III.77 Merchandise imports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Table III.78 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Asia, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Table III.79 Trade in commercial services of Japan, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Table III.80 Trade in commercial services of China, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Table III.81 Trade in commercial services of Taipei, Chinese, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Table III.82 Trade in commercial services of Korea, Republic of, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

9. Least-developed countries

Table III.83 Ratio of exports of goods and commercial services to GDP of least-developed countries, 1995 and 2001 . . . . . 97Table III.84 Merchandise exports and imports of least-developed countries by selected country grouping, 2002 . . . . . . . . . 98Chart III.19 Merchandise exports of least-developed countries by selected product group and destination, 2001 . . . . . . . . 99Chart III.20 Exports of least-developed countries by major product, 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100Table III.85 Imports of agricultural products and manufactures of the European Union, Asia and North America

from least-developed countries, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Table III.86 Exports of commercial services of least-developed countries by category, 2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

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IV. Trade by sector

1. Overview

Chart IV.1 World merchandise exports by product, 1995 and 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103Table IV.1 World merchandise exports by product, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103Chart IV.2 World exports of commercial services by category, 1990, 1995 and 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104Table IV.2 World exports of commercial services by category, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

2. Agricultural products

Table IV.3 World trade in agricultural products, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Table IV.4 Major regional flows in world exports of agricultural products, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Table IV.5 Share of agricultural products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2002. . . . . . . . 105Chart IV.3 Regional shares in world trade in agricultural products, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Table IV.6 Exports of agricultural products by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106Table IV.7 Imports of agricultural products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Table IV.8 Leading exporters and importers of agricultural products, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109Table IV.9 Exports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110Table IV.10 Imports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

3. Mining products

Table IV.11 World trade in mining products, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Table IV.12 Major regional flows in world exports of mining products, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Table IV.13 Share of mining products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . 112Chart IV.4 Regional shares in world trade in mining products, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Table IV.14 Exports of mining products by region, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

3.1 Fuels

Table IV.15 World trade in fuels, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Table IV.16 Major regional flows in world exports of fuels, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Table IV.17 Share of fuels in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Chart IV.5 Regional shares in world trade in fuels, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Table IV.18 Imports of fuels of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115Table IV.19 Imports of fuels of selected economies, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

4. Manufactures

Table IV.20 World trade in manufactures, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Table IV.21 Major regional flows in world exports of manufactures, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Table IV.22 Share of manufactures in total merchandise trade by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Chart IV.6 Regional shares in world trade in manufactures, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Table IV.23 Exports of manufactures by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118Table IV.24 Trade in manufactures of the United States, the European Union and Japan by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Table IV.25 Imports of manufactures of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Table IV.26 Leading exporters and importers of manufactures, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122Table IV.27 Exports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123Table IV.28 Imports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

4.1 Iron and steel

Table IV.29 World trade in iron and steel, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Table IV.30 Major regional flows in world exports of iron and steel, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Table IV.31 Share of iron and steel in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Chart IV.7 Regional shares in world trade in iron and steel, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Table IV.32 Exports of iron and steel by principal region, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126Table IV.33 Imports of iron and steel of the European Union and the United States by region and supplier, 2002. . . . . . . . 127Table IV.34 Leading exporters and importers of iron and steel, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

4.2 Chemicals

Table IV.35 World trade in chemicals, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Table IV.36 Major regional flows in world exports of chemicals, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

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Table IV.37 Share of chemicals in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Chart IV.8 Regional shares in world trade in chemicals, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Table IV.38 Exports of chemicals by principal region, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Table IV.39 Leading exporters and importers of chemicals, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

4.3 Office machines and telecom equipment

Table IV.40 World trade in office machines and telecom equipment, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Table IV.41 Major regional flows in world exports of office machines and telecom equipment, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Table IV.42 Share of office machines and telecom equipment in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures

by region, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Chart IV.9 Regional shares in world trade in office machines and telecom equipment, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Table IV.43 Exports of office machines and telecom equipment by principal region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Table IV.44 Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002. . . . . . 134Table IV.45 Leading exporters and importers of office machines and telecom equipment, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Table IV.46 Exports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137Table IV.47 Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

4.4 Automotive products

Table IV.48 World trade in automotive products, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Table IV.49 Major regional flows in world exports of automotive products, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Table IV.50 Share of automotive products in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . 139Chart IV.10 Regional shares in world trade in automotive products, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Table IV.51 Exports of automotive products by principal region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140Table IV.52 Imports of automotive products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Table IV.53 Leading exporters and importers of automotive products, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142Table IV.54 Exports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143Table IV.55 Imports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

4.5 Textiles

Table IV.56 World trade in textiles, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Table IV.57 Major regional flows in world exports of textiles, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Table IV.58 Share of textiles in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Chart IV.11 Regional shares in world trade in textiles, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Table IV.59 Textile exports by principal region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Table IV.60 Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147Table IV.61 Leading exporters and importers of textiles, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150Table IV.62 Textile exports of selected economies, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Table IV.63 Textile imports of selected economies, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

4.6 Clothing

Table IV.64 World trade in clothing, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Table IV.65 Major regional flows in world exports of clothing, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Table IV.66 Share of clothing in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Chart IV.12 Regional shares in world trade in clothing, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Table IV.67 Clothing exports by principal region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154Table IV.68 Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Table IV.69 Leading exporters and importers of clothing, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157Table IV.70 Clothing exports of selected economies, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158Table IV.71 Clothing imports of selected economies, 1990-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

5. Commercial services

5.1 Transportation services

Table IV.72 World exports of transportation services, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160Chart IV.13 World exports of transportation services and share in total commercial services, 1995-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160Table IV.73 Share of transportation services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . 160Chart IV.14 Regional shares in world trade in transportation services, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160Table IV.74 Leading exporters and importers of transportation services, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

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5.2 Travel services

Table IV.75 World exports of travel services, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Chart IV.15 World exports of travel services and share in total commercial services, 1995-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Table IV.76 Share of travel services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Chart IV.16 Regional shares in world trade in travel services, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Table IV.77 Leading exporters and importers of travel services, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

5.3 Other commercial services

Table IV.78 World exports of other commercial services, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164Chart IV.17 World exports of other commercial services and share in total commercial services, 1995-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164Table IV.79 Share of other commercial services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . 164Chart IV.18 Regional shares in world trade in other commercial services, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164Table IV.80 Leading exporters and importers of other commercial services, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

Appendix tables

Table A1 World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1950-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167Table A2 Network of world merchandise trade by region, 2000-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168Table A3 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1992-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170Table A4 World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1992-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171Table A5 World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1992-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175Table A6 World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1992-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179Table A7 World imports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1992-02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182Table A8 Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2000-02. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186Table A9 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190Table A10 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192Table A11 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194Table A12 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - European Union (15) . . . . . . . . . . 196Table A13 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198Table A14 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Hong Kong, China . . . . . . . . . . . . 200Table A15 Domestic exports and re-exports of merchandise by product, region and major trading partner,

2000-02 - Hong Kong, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202Table A16 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204Table A17 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Korea, Republic of . . . . . . . . . . . . 206Table A18 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208Table A19 Export prices of primary commodities, 1993-03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

World maps

Map M1 Composition of geographical regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211Map M2 WTO Members and Observers, August 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212Map M3 Ratio of exports and imports of goods and commercial services to GDP, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213Map M4 Exports of goods and commercial services per capita, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

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Abbreviations and symbols

ANDEAN Andean Common MarketAPEC Asia-Pacific Economic CooperationASEAN Association of South-East Asian NationsBOP Balance of PaymentsBPM5 Balance of Payments Manual, fifth editionCEFTA Central European Free Trade AgreementCIS Commonwealth of Independent StatesEFTA European Free Trade AssociationEU European UnionEUROSTAT Statistical Office of the European CommunitiesFAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsFDI Foreign direct investmentGDP Gross Domestic ProductHS Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding SystemIEA International Energy AgencyIMF International Monetary FundISIC International Standard Industrial ClassificationLDCs Least-developed countriesMERCOSUR Southern Common MarketNAFTA North American Free Trade AgreementOECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentSAPTA South Asian Preferential Trade ArrangementSITC Standard International Trade ClassificationUNECE United Nations Economic Commission for EuropeUNECLAC United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the CaribbeanUNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentUNIDO United Nations Industrial Development OrganizationUNSD United Nations Statistics Division

c.i.f. cost, insurance and freightf.o.b. free on boardn.e.s. not elsewhere specifiedn.i.e. not included elsewhere

The following symbols are used in this publication:

... not available0 figure is zero or became zero due to rounding- not applicable$ United States dollars

Q1, Q2 1st quarter, 2nd quarterI break in comparability of data series. Data after the symbol do not form a consistent series with those from earlier

years.

Billion means one thousand million.

Minor discrepancies between constituent figures and totals are due to rounding.

Unless otherwise indicated, (i) all value figures are expressed in U.S. dollars; (ii) trade figures include the intra-trade of free trade areas,customs unions, regional and other country groupings; (iii) merchandise trade figures are on a customs basis and (iv) merchandiseexports are f.o.b. and merchandise imports are c.i.f. Data for the latest year are provisional.

Closing date 31 August 2003

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1. Highlights of world trade in 20021

In 2002, world trade recovered from its steep decline in2001. From the first through the third quarter, world tradeexpanded strongly but stalled in the fourth quarter of 2002. Theaverage annual rate of merchandise trade expansion in 2002was therefore limited to 3% in real terms, only half the rateobserved in the 1990s.

The trade recovery benefited from strong import demand indeveloping Asia, the transition economies and the United States.Sluggish import demand in Western Europe and a sharpcontraction of Latin America’s imports constituted a drag onglobal trade expansion.

Manufactured goods again recorded above-average tradegrowth while trade in mining products (mainly fuels) stagnatedin real terms. Total merchandise trade growth again exceededmerchandise output growth.

Exchange rates and price developments continued to affecttrade flows. Exchange rate changes affect not only thecompetitiveness of traders but also nominal trade values. Thedepreciation of the United States dollar against the currencies ofmajor traders in Asia and Western Europe since early 2002 waswidely expected, given the prevailing current account imbalances(see Chart 1).

World trade developments in 2002 and prospects for 2003

80

90

100

110

2001 2002 200380

90

100

110

2001 2002 2003

Asia

Annualaverage

Western Europe

a Currency baskets weighted by trade values. West European currencies are those of Euro-zone, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Sweden and Norway. The Asian currencies are those of Japan, China, Republic of Korea, Chinese Taipei, Singapore and Hong Kong, China.

Chart 1

Dollar depreciation against Western European and Asian currenciesa, 2001-03(Indices, January 2001 = 100)

deficit, the latter equivalent to 5% of its GDP. United States’merchandise trade recorded a deficit in all seven geographicregions, with all its six major trading partners and in 15 of the17 merchandise product groups distinguished in this report.Trade with Asia alone accounted for one half of the UnitedStates’ trade deficit (see Table A10). The reliance of the globaltrade expansion on above-average United States import growthbears severe risks. Already, a re-balancing of the current UnitedStates’ merchandise trade deficit, solely by a reduction ofimports, would – theoretically – imply a contraction of worldmerchandise trade by 7%. This hypothetical calculation highlightsthe extent to which global trade growth is sustained by theUnited States economy.

- China’s trade expansion (both exports and imports)remained outstanding. In the 1990s, China’s trade growth wasthree times faster than global trade and between 2000 and2002 its exports and imports rose by 30%, while world tradestagnated. China has become the fourth largest merchandisetrader (if one counts the EU as a single trader) in 2002. Acrossthe globe, China has become a major supplier and for manyeconomies, also a major export destination (see Chart 2).

1 In April 2003, the WTO Secretariat published in a press release (Press 337) itsfirst account of trade developments in 2002. The World Trade Report, 2003,released in August 2003, includes an economic analysis of 2002 tradedevelopments. International Trade Statistics, 2003 adds an overview section to acomprehensive set of tables and charts, provides new information on trade byproduct and intra-regional trade flows in 2002 and concludes by reporting brieflyon trade developments in the first half of 2003.

Western European currencies appreciated by 6% on anannual average basis against the dollar in 2002 leading to astrengthening of the region’s dollar prices which lifted the dollarvalue of Western Europe’s trade. Exchange rate changes had anegligible effect on Asia’s nominal trade growth in 2002, thedollar value remaining on average unchanged from thepreceding year. The slight average price increase reported forfuels and non-fuel commodities contributed to the overallincrease in world trade prices in 2002.

Among the main features of world trade in 2002, four areoutstanding:

- A combination of declining exports and rising imports bythe United States has led to a record trade and current account

Chart 2

Share of China in exports and imports of major traders, 2000 and 2002(Percentage share)

Exports Imports

2000

20 10 5 20151050

2002

United States

EU

Japan

Developing Asia

- Chemicals emerged as the product group with thestrongest trade growth over the last two years. Driven bypharmaceutical trade among the developed countries, its share inworld merchandise exports rose above 10%, exceeding in valuenot only world trade in automotive products, but also that ofagricultural products.

- The steady rise in the number of regional trade agreements(RTAs) suggests an increase in the share of preferential trade at

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the expense of non-discriminatory multilateral trade. However,due to new Members, the share of world trade accounted for byWTO Members increased further to 95% in 2002 and the tradeof the six major plurilateral RTAs combined did not expand fasterthan world merchandise trade in 2002, nor in the 1995-2002period.

2. Global merchandise output andtrade volume developments by sector

World merchandise output is estimated to have increased byslightly less than 1% in 2002. All three sectors (agriculture,manufacturing and mining) recorded a positive albeit rathermoderate growth in output. The rebound in trade was strongerthan that of output. The expansion of trade in agriculture andmanufacturing again exceeded that of output, while for themining sector, both trade and output recorded only marginaladvances in 2002. Comparing the trade and outputdevelopments in 2002 with those of the 1990s, one notices thatrecent growth rates are much lower, and that the gap betweentrade and output growth in 2002 has become much smaller thanin the previous decade, when trade and output recorded averagegrowth rates of 6.5% and 2.5% respectively (see Chart 3).

strengthening of dollar prices in international trade.Consequently, world merchandise exports recovered by 4% invalue terms in 2002 after contracting by 4% in the precedingyear. Commercial services exports expanded by 6% and thereforefaster than merchandise trade in 2002 (see Table 1). Among thethree major commercial services categories, the expansion oftransportation and travel services again lagged well behind thatof other commercial services (see Table IV.2).

All merchandise product groups benefited from the reboundof trade in 2002 and recorded an improved performance whencompared with the preceding year, although two product groupsrecorded a further contraction in their export value in 2002. Thevariation of annual growth rates remained quite large among the14 merchandise groups distinguished in this Report, rangingfrom less than 2% to 10%. Among the three broad merchandiseproduct categories, agricultural products and manufacturedgoods expanded at above-average rates while the global tradevalue of mining products (mainly fuels) decreased for the secondyear in a row (Table IV.1). Divergent price developmentscontributed to this outcome due to the strengthening of prices ofagricultural products and manufactured goods, while those ofmining products weakened slightly.

At the more disaggregated product group level, internationaltrade in chemicals and automotive products recordedoutstanding growth. By contrast, the steepest decline in dollarvalue is found in the exports of non-ferrous metals, adevelopment which can be attributed largely to weaker prices, inparticular, for aluminium (see Chart 4).

For the second year in a row chemicals were the mostbuoyant component of world merchandise trade. World exportsin this product category expanded by 10% and amounted to$660 billion. All three major importers of chemicals (EU, UnitedStates and China) recorded strong import demand in 2002. Onthe export side, large variations in growth could be observedamong the leading exporters. While the EU, Switzerland andSingapore reported double-digit growth in their chemicalsexports, those of NAFTA countries and the Republic of Korearemained roughly unchanged. Japan’s exports of chemicalsrecovered by 8% in 2002 but did not fully offset the precedingyear’s decline (see Table IV.39).

There are two elements in the recent development of worldtrade in chemicals worth highlighting. First, the strength of tradein chemicals in recent years can largely be attributed to the rapidexpansion of trade in pharmaceutical products, lifting the shareof chemicals in world merchandise trade to a new peak level ofabove 10% in 2002. Strong pharmaceutical sales in the majordeveloped markets, the spread of production-sharing networksand a rise in re-imports, sustained, according to industry sources,global trade in pharmaceuticals. Second, the United Statesrecorded a trade deficit in its chemicals trade for the first timesince the World War II. Despite this fact, it has roughlymaintained its share in world chemical exports since 1990. Theshift from a sizeable surplus to a deficit in the trade balance of

Table 1

World exports of merchandise and commercial services, 1990-02

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Merchandise 6270 6.5 13.0 -4.0 4.0 15.0

Commercial services 1570 6.5 6.0 0.0 6.0 …

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1990-00 2000 2001 2002 2003First half

ExportsOutput

Chart 3

World merchandise trade and production by major product group, 2002(Annual percentage change in volume terms)

Agricultural products

Mining products

Manufactures All products

4

3

2

1

0

3. Development of trade values byproduct

The rebound of global trade in 2002 was somewhat strongerin nominal dollar terms than in real or volume terms. Exchangerate and commodity price developments contributed to the

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this sector can be entirely attributed to the dynamic developmentof the United States’ imports of chemicals, which has nearlydoubled its share since 1990 reaching 13% of world chemicalimports in 2002.

World exports of automotive products benefited from the pickup in global automobile production/demand and recoveredstrongly, reaching a new peak level in 2002 of $630 billion.Western and Eastern Europe and Asia had been the regions withthe most dynamic expansion of automotive product exports andimports. EU exports, accounting for nearly one half of worldexports of automobiles, rose by 10%. EU exports to thirdcountries are reported to have increased more than intra-EUtrade (16% versus 7% respectively). As automobile production inthe Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Turkeybecomes increasingly integrated into a European automobileproduction network, both exports and imports of theseeconomies continue to rise. Japan’s automobile exportsrecovered from the sharp setback in 2001 and expanded atdouble-digit rates to all regions except Latin America. Japan’sautomotive product exports to Asia rose by nearly one quarter,with shipments to China up by 77% (see Table A16).

NAFTA members’ exports of automotive products, traded verylargely within the region, increased by 4% in 2002. NAFTAimports from third countries, mainly Japan, the EU and theRepublic of Korea, increased by more than 15%. Mexico’sexports stagnated and imports declined in 2002, in contrast totheir sharp rise throughout the 1990s. The Central/EasternEuropean countries continued to expand their exports andimports of automotive products at double-digit rates in 2002.

A combination of trade liberalization, leading to lowerdomestic car prices, rising foreign direct investment (FDI) inflowsin the automobile sector and strong domestic demand led to animport surge of automotive products in China in 2002. Despitethe 42% rise in China’s imports of automotive products, its sharein world imports of this product group was still only 1% in 2002.A strong recovery of imports of automotive products wasreported in a number of Asian economies (e.g. Australia (18%),Japan (7%), the Republic of Korea (49%), Chinese Taipei (11%),New Zealand (32%) and Thailand (12%)). However, Asia’simports of automotive products in 2002 still remained belowtheir 1996 peak level, while global imports of all other regionsexpanded by one third over this six year period. The currentimport level of automotive products in many Asian markets isoften rather low since the domestic automobile industry isprotected by high import barriers.2 Consequently, intra-Asiantrade in automotive products is also limited and accounts for

only one fifth of the region’s exports. For all other manufacturedgoods, the share of intra-Asian trade was close to one half in2002. Global trade in automotive products continues to bedriven by EU and United States’ import demand which,combined, accounts for more than two thirds of world imports ofautomotive products (see Table IV.53).

Although world trade in iron and steel recovered by 7% in2002, this did not fully offset the decline of the preceding year.The recovery in real terms remained rather moderate given thestrengthening of prices for steel trade internationally. Theincrease of iron and steel imports by the EU and the UnitedStates mainly benefited suppliers in their own geographichemisphere. In the case of the EU, the beneficiaries have beenWestern European and transition economies while in the UnitedStates, NAFTA countries and Latin American steel exportersregained market share. It is uncertain as to what extent thespecial safeguard measures on selected steel productsintroduced by the United States in March 2002 have contributedto the observed rise in steel prices and “regionalization” of steelimports. An outstanding feature in global steel trade in 2002was the strength of China’s import expansion. China’s steelimports rose by 27% to $13.6 billion and accounted for 9% ofworld steel imports. China’s steel imports therefore exceededthose of the EU from third countries, and approached in sizethose of the United States. The sharp rise in China’s importssustained the recovery of the major Asian steel exporters, inparticular those of Japan and Chinese Taipei which succeeded inexpanding their steel shipments to China by nearly 40% in 2002(see Table IV.33).

International trade in clothing continued its expansion of thesecond half of the 1990s in 2002 by almost 4%, approximatelythe average rate of merchandise trade growth in 2002. The valueof world clothing exports reached $200 billion, accounting for3.2% of world merchandise exports (see Table IV.1). The threemajor importers of clothing, Western Europe, the United Statesand Japan which account for more than four fifths of worldimports, recorded quite divergent developments in 2002. WhileEU clothing imports from all sources rose by 5%, those of theUnited States stagnated and those of Japan decreased further by8%. As in preceding years, intra-EU trade expanded less rapidlythan imports from third countries, bringing down the share ofthe former in EU imports to a record low of 40%. Among themajor suppliers of the EU market, China, Turkey and Romaniaexpanded their shipments between 15% and 22% in 2002.Although Tunisia again increased its share in EU imports, Africa’sshare decreased in its principal export market due to the declineof EU imports from Mauritius and Madagascar. Madagascar’sclothing exports were apparently affected by trade disruptionscaused by civil strife in the country (see Table IV.68).

The sources of US imports continued to shift significantly in2002. The weight of China increased further at the expenseprimarily of high-income Asian economies such as Hong Kong,China, the Republic of Korea and Chinese Taipei, leaving theshare of Asia in United States imports of clothing unchanged at57%. Clothing imports from the Latin American region decreasedby 2%, mainly due to the 5% fall of shipments from Mexico andthe Dominican Republic which were only partly offset by the 3%increase of imports from Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador.Supported by the AGOA Agreement, US clothing imports fromAfrica expanded for the second year in a row at a rate faster

-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Chart 4

World merchandise exports by product, 2002

(Annual percentage change)

Chemicals

Automotive products

Iron and steel

Agricultural products

Other consumer goods

Clothing

Textiles

Other machinery & equip.

Ores & minerals

Office & telecom. equip.Fuels

Average

Non-ferrousmetals

Other semi manufactures

2 In 2002, the share of imported passenger cars in domestic registrations was lessthan 2.5% in the Republic of Korea, India, and Malaysia. In addition, thecorresponding share of imported cars decreased markedly in Indonesia, thePhilippines, Chinese Taipei, and Thailand between 2000 and 2002, to levelsranging from 21% to 4.5%.

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than total clothing imports and amounted to $1.67 billion or2.5% of United States imports in 2002.

The decline in Japan’s clothing imports left the structure of itssupplies largely unchanged. China consolidated its alreadypredominant position as a supplier of clothing. In 2002, Chinaaccounted for 78% of Japan’s imports of clothing from allsources (see Table IV.68).

The collapse of the rapid expansion in the global informationand communication technology industry continued to depressinternational trade flows in office and telecom equipment.Exports of office and telecom equipment, which was the mostdynamic product category in world merchandise trade in the1990s, stagnated at nearly $840 billion in 2002. The three majorexporters of this product category, the EU, the United States andJapan all reported a further decrease in their shipments. Thedeveloping East Asian economies as a group, however, staged astrong export recovery in 2002. In particular, the intra-regionaltrade of developing Asia in office and telecom products isestimated to have expanded by nearly 20%, reaching $130billion. This is a remarkable development given the fact thatimports of office and telecom equipment of Western Europe,North America and Japan continued to decline in the same year.China established itself as the largest supplier of and destinationfor electronic goods among the developing economies. Itsexports of office and telecom equipment surged by 45% to $75billion while its imports rose by one third to $66 billion.3 Amongthe Central/Eastern European countries, Hungary, Czech Republicand Poland expanded their exports and imports of office andtelecom equipment at double-digit rates in 2002. These threecountries have become major suppliers of electronic goods tomarkets in Western Europe and in the transition economies (seeTable IV.45).

4. Trade by region

Overview

The recovery of global trade in 2002 was broadly shared,withall regions recording an improved performance in theirmerchandise and commercial services’ trade in respect of thepreceding year (see Tables I.3 and I.4). In the case of exportsfrom North America and the Middle East, however, this meant asmaller rate of decline. The notable exception to this positivetrend was the contraction of Latin America’s commercial servicestrade and a marked decline of its merchandise imports (formerchandise trade see Chart 5).

Trade of the transition economies, which is of similar size tothat of Latin America, expanded at double-digit rates for bothexports and imports (merchandise and commercial services) andremained, for the second year in a row, the region with thefastest annual trade expansion. The marked difference in tradedevelopments between Latin America and the transitioneconomies can be partly attributed to different developments in FDI flows. While FDI flows to Latin America continued todecline, those to the transition economies rose further in 2002(see Chart 6).

In 2002, Asia recorded the strongest recovery in merchandisetrade of all regions, almost offsetting the sharp contraction of itsexports and imports in the preceding year. Asia’s commercialservices exports expanded faster than global exports while theregion’s services imports lagged behind world commercialservices’ trade expansion. Western Europe’s merchandise andservices trade values were sustained, in the short run, mainly bythe price effects of the strength of the euro and other European

3 From an economic perspective there might be some overstatement in the sizeand rise of China’s trade in office and telecom equipment in 2002. The reportedtrade numbers include shipments from processing zones which after being firstexported and sold are afterwards returned to China. The value of these returnedgoods recorded as imports (of Chinese origin) amounted to $6.88 billion in 2002.However, even if one did not take into account this particular trade flow, Chinawould remain the most dynamic of all major traders in office and telecomequipment in 2002.

Imports

Exports

-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Transitioneconomies

Developing Asia

Middle East

Western Europe

Africa

North America

Japan

Latin America

Chart 5

World merchandise trade by region, 2002

(Annual percentage change)

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

50

40

30

20

10

01997-00 2001 2002 1997-00 2001 2002

Latin America (refer to left scale)

Transition economies(refer to right scale)

Chart 6

FDI inflows into Latin America and transition economies, 1997-02(Billion dollars)

currencies vis-à-vis the United States dollar. The meagreeconomic growth of the region, however, precluded a moredynamic trade expansion. Nevertheless, Western Europe’s sharein world merchandise and commercial services trade againincreased slightly (to 41% and 47% respectively). In the 1990s,Western Europe’s share of both merchandise and commercialservices trade declined sharply. Although North Americaneconomic activity gained momentum in the course of 2002, itsnominal trade growth was weak. Marginal increases in servicestrade and a decline in merchandise exports led to an erosion ofNorth America’s share in global trade. Merchandise imports ofthe Middle East increased strongly, still benefiting from high oilrevenues since 2000. The region’s merchandise exportsstagnated in 2002 after declining in the preceding year. Africa’sexports and imports of merchandise and commercial services areestimated to have expanded at about 2% and therefore lessthan world trade (see Tables III.1, III.2, III.4 and III.5).

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Developments in 2002 further accentuated the two largeregional trade imbalances in the global economy: the alreadylarge North American trade deficit widened and the substantialsurplus of the Asian region increased further. North America’smerchandise imports exceeded exports by $400 billion or 40%,while Asia’s exports were 15% larger than imports. All otherregions recorded moderate or declining surplus positions. As oilexporting countries reduced their trade surplus, the tradebalances of the Middle East and that of the transition economiesmoved closer to equilibrium. Western Europe’s trade surplusstrengthened slightly while weak domestic demand and reduced capital inflows turned Latin America’s trade deficit intoa surplus.

Trade developments by selected regions

Following a standstill in 2001, the North American economyexpanded by 2.5% in 2002. Domestic demand growth exceeded3% but like GDP remained below its average expansion rate inthe 1990s. Canada’s GDP growth exceeded that of the UnitedStates for the fourth year in a row. Employment levels continuedto shrink in the region, in particular, in the manufacturing sector.Inflation rates remained moderate despite strong fiscal andmonetary policy stimuli.

Trade did not recover as strongly as one might have expectedfrom the pick up of economic activity in the region and in theworld economy. Canada’s exports and imports increased onlymarginally in real terms and US exports decreased by 4%. OnlyUS merchandise imports recovered strongly in real terms in 2002from the contraction in the preceding year (see Table 2).

Merchandise export and import prices of North Americacontinued to decrease slightly, in particular, those of fuels,contributing to the value decline in merchandise exports andlimiting the rise in merchandise imports. North America’smerchandise exports decreased by 4% overall to $946 billion in2002. All major product groups recorded decreases on a year-to-year basis with above average decreases in office and telecomequipment (15%), mining products (9%) and other machineryand transport equipment (6%). Exports of automotive products,however, rose by 4.5% due to the recovery of intra-NorthAmerican trade.

North American exports decreased to all regions in 2002.Intra-North American shipments and exports to Asia, the MiddleEast and transition economies decreased by 2% to 3% while

those to Latin America, Western Europe and Africa decreased by7%, 10% and 12% respectively.

Developments in 2002 further accentuated the shift in thedestination of North American exports to NAFTA members whichaccounted, in that year and for the first time, for more than onehalf of total exports. The shares of all the other regions werereduced between 1995 and 2002. The focusing of NorthAmerica’s exports on NAFTA countries is accompanied by asteady loss of market share in Asia, Western Europe and theMiddle East since 2000.

North America’s imports from Asia, Western Europe and LatinAmerica increased while imports from the Middle East andAfrica, with their high share of fuels, decreased in 2002. Acomparison of the North American import structure in 2002 withthat of 1995 reveals that both China and Mexico recordedsubstantial gains in market share at the expense of all othermajor regions and suppliers. The largest reduction in their shareof US imports is recorded for Hong Kong, China, Japan,Singapore and Chinese Taipei (see Table III.13).

North America’s commercial services exports and importsincreased only marginally in 2002. For travel services, a declinewas recorded for both exports and imports while intransportation services only imports decreased. A strongexpansion of other commercial services exports and imports inthe United States more than offset the decrease of Canadianexports and imports in this services category.

In 2002, Latin America’s economy recorded its worstperformance in more than a decade. Merchandise imports andcommercial services trade shrank as they have not done sincethe debt crisis in 1982/83. Several factors contributed to this.Financial turbulence in MERCOSUR economies, a furthercontraction of capital inflows, civil strife in Venezuela andColombia and fewer foreign tourists all contributed to themoderate decline in GDP and the steep fall in Latin America’sreal imports in 2002. The trade decline was particularly strongfor intra-regional trade. Given the sluggish economic activity,under-employment increased and per capita income decreased inmost countries. The current account deficit was sharply reducedas a result of the impact of curtailed capital inflows andsignificantly reduced imports. The region’s trade balance recordedthe first surplus since 1990.

The decline in the dollar prices of Latin America’s traderesulted in trade value changes which were even weaker thanthe changes reported in real terms. The dollar value of

Table 2

GDP and trade developments in North America, 2002

(Annual percentage change)

GDP 3.2 4.2 3.9 0.4 2.5 3.2 4.1 3.8 0.3 2.4 2.8 5.4 4.5 1.5 3.3

Merchandise

Exports (value) 7 4 14 -6 -4 7 2 13 -6 -5 8 11 16 -6 -3

Imports (value) 9 11 18 -6 2 9 12 19 -6 2 7 7 11 -7 0

Exports (volume) 7 6 9 -5 -3 7 4 9 -6 -4 9 11 9 -4 1

Imports (volume) 9 11 11 -3 4 9 11 12 -3 5 9 11 10 -6 1

Commercial services

Exports (value) 8 8 7 -3 1 8 9 7 -3 1 8 7 9 -4 -2

Imports (value) 7 10 12 -1 1 8 10 13 -2 2 5 6 8 -1 -2

North America United States Canada

1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002

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commercial services trade decreased more than that ofmerchandise trade (see Table 3).

Latin America’s merchandise exports by major product grouprecorded divergent trends. Exports of mining products (mainlyfuels) and of machinery and transport equipment both decreasedby 2%, while the region’s exports of agricultural productscontinued to expand by 4%, helped by rising commodity prices.Agricultural and mining products account for about one fifth andmachinery and transport equipment for one third of LatinAmerica’s merchandise exports in 2002. Clothing and iron andsteel exports recovered by 2% and 19% respectively (see TableIII.22).

Latin America’s merchandise exports by destination show amarked contrast between the contraction of 10% of intra-regional trade and the 3% expansion of extra-regional exports.Latin America’s shipments to North America and Western Europerose by 2% and 3% respectively, but expanded at double-digitrates to developing countries in Asia, Africa and the MiddleEast. The latter three destinations combined account for 8% ofLatin America’s exports while those to North America andWestern Europe account for 61% and 12% respectively (see Table III.23).

More than half of Latin America’s commercial services exportsare travel receipts, the highest share among all regions. Thedownturn in global tourism in 2002 therefore, reduced theexport potential of Latin America’s services exports. LatinAmerica’s travel earnings are estimated to have decreased by3.5% but other commercial services exports decreased two timesmore. Again intra-regional trade was the principal element in theshrinkage of Latin America’s services exports.

A review of country trade performances in 2002 is reportedin Chart 7. Throughout the different parts of Chart 7 thecountries are always ranked in the same order, from left to rightaccording to the size of the dollar value of their total trade (i.e.exports and imports of merchandise and services trade dividedby two). Several features of Latin America’s trade performancecan be highlighted. First, the high concentration of LatinAmerica’s trade is apparent in the upper part of Chart 7. Fiveout of 35 countries in the region account for more than twothirds of the region’s trade. Second, the smaller traders oftenhave a higher trade per capita level than the larger traders,pointing to a higher reliance of small countries on internationaltrade. Third, a majority of countries recorded a decline in theirexports of merchandise and commercial services trade. Fourth,

the variation in the country trade growth in 2002 is high, butsmaller than on average in the second half of the 1990s. Fifth, afew countries in Latin America achieved a strong tradeperformance despite the difficult regional setting. In respect tomerchandise trade, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Peru recorded hightrade growth while for commercial services trade, Ecuador,Guatemala and Panama reported an outstanding expansion ofboth exports and imports.

Although economic activity picked up in the course of the firstthree quarters of 2002, the average annual increase in output ofWestern Europe was further reduced to about 1%. The sluggishgrowth in Western Europe is due to the weakness of privatedomestic demand. Private investment and consumption nearlystagnated in the Euro-zone and expansionary fiscal policies ledto rising public sector deficits but failed to bring back confidenceto investors and consumers. Pending structural reforms of thesocial security system increased uncertainty regarding consumers’income prospects. The sluggish GDP growth led to a further risein unemployment. Weak internal demand, the appreciation of theeuro and other European currencies vis-à-vis the dollarcontributed to the further decrease in Western Europe’s inflationrates. The region’s current account surplus increased as bothexport volume and export prices increased more than importvolumes and prices.

The acceleration in the value of Western Europe’smerchandise and services trade has to be attributed largely toexchange rate changes which boosted the region’s dollar tradeprices. Western Europe’s merchandise exports rose by 6% andthus faster than its merchandise imports which recovered from a2% decline in 2001. Western Europe’s commercial servicesexports and imports rose by 9%. Trade in other commercialservices, the largest services category, was buoyant, as exportsand imports expanded at double-digit rates in 2002 (see Table 4).

Western Europe’s merchandise exports by product grouprecorded an unusual development in 2002, with the export valueof agricultural products expanding by nearly 7%, faster thanmanufactured goods.4 Among manufactured goods, double-digitincreases are reported for both chemicals and automotiveproducts (13% and 10% respectively) while exports of office andtelecom equipment recorded a further decline of nearly 7%.

Table 3

GDP and trade developments in Latin America, 2002

(Annual percentage change)

GDP 3.2 0.1 3.4 0.4 -0.8 3.5 3.6 6.6 -0.3 1.5 3.2 -0.6 2.8 0.5 -1.3

Merchandise

Exports (value) 9 7 20 -3 0 15 16 22 -5 1 6 0 19 -2 0

Imports (value) 11 -4 16 -2 -7 15 12 23 -4 0 9 -13 10 -1 -13

Exports (volume) 9 5 8 2 2 14 12 13 -3 1 6 -1 4 7 2

Imports (volume) 11 -1 12 -1 -5 13 13 19 -4 1 9 -10 7 2 -8

Commercial services

Exports (value) 7 2 11 -2 -4 7 1 17 -7 -1 7 2 9 -1 -4

Imports (value) 7 -4 11 1 -9 5 12 19 -1 3 8 -7 8 1 -12

Latin America Mexico Other Latin America

1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002

4 A recovery of intra-regional trade and a double-digit increase of Western Europe’sexports to both North America and the transition economies contributed to thisoutcome.

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Chart 7

Latin America. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002

Note: Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of exports and imports in 2002.

Trade of merchandise and services, 2000-02(Billion dollars, exports plus imports divided by two)

Exports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Exports of commercial services, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Imports of commercial services, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Imports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Trade of merchandise and services per capita, 2000-02(Dollars, average of exports and imports divided by population)

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

Mexico (183)

Brazil

Argentina

Argentina

Chile Uruguay

10000

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

Uruguay

Suriname

Suriname

Bahamas

Average

Average

Average

NetherlandsAntilles

Aruba(12750)

St. Kitts and Nevis

Haiti

Haiti

Belize(20)

Guatemala

GuatemalaCosta Rica

Ecuador

Ecuador(20)

Argentina (-46)

Argentina (-56)

Venezuela (-34)

Paraguay

Paraguay

Uruguay

Uruguay (-32)

Average

Average

St. Kitts and Nevis

Guatemala

Costa RicaEcuador

Ecuador

Argentina(-33)

St. Lucia

PanamaPanama (26)

St. Lucia (-30)

El Salvador

Grenada (-48)

Barbados

Cuba

Peru

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

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Clothing exports increased by 6.5% to $61 billion but continuedto remain below their 1998 peak level (see Table III.32).

Western Europe’s merchandise trade with transitioneconomies was again the most dynamic regional component ofits exports and imports, expanding at double-digit rates.European Union trade with this region is now close to thecombined trade with Africa, the Middle East and Latin America.The EU’s trade with North America recorded a further increase inthe bilateral trade surplus as shipments to North Americaincreased by 5% and imports decreased by 6%.

Although the EU’s merchandise exports to Asia expanded by5% and thus somewhat faster than imports from that region, thebilateral deficit continued to widen. Trade developments betweenthe EU and individual Asian countries showed significantdifferences in 2002. While exports to and imports from Japancontinued to shrink for the second consecutive year, those withChina expanded at double-digit rates in 2002. As a result ofthese divergent trends, China became the third largest supplierto the EU, ahead of Japan and Switzerland. Despite theoutstanding growth of EU exports to China, these shipments arestill equivalent to less than half of EU shipments to Switzerland(see Table III.37).

The data in Chart 8 reports the trade performances ofindividual Western European countries in 2002. In this region,the variation in annual trade growth rates by country are muchsmaller for both exports and imports of merchandise and servicestrade in Western Europe than in other regions. Only four out of29 countries reported a decrease in their exports or imports ofmerchandise and commercial services. Belgium, Denmark andTurkey reported above average export and import growth of theirmerchandise trade.

In the case of commercial services trade, outstandingdevelopments in this sector are increases of 20% by Germanyand Ireland. German exports of transportation services andinsurance services surged in 2002, while Ireland’s servicesgrowth is closely linked to the sharp rise in licence and patentfees collected by multinational companies located in Ireland.

Economic growth decelerated in the transition economies in2002. At nearly 4%, however, growth was still the strongest of allthe seven geographic regions discussed in this report. The RussianFederation, which accounts for nearly one half of the region’soutput, reported GDP growth of 4.5% and many membercountries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) andthe Baltic States recorded even stronger output growth. Only in

Central and Eastern Europe was growth limited to 2.5%. FDIinflows to the region increased in 2002, defying the globaldownward trend. The FDI inflows together with preparations forEU accession by the Central/Eastern European countries andBaltic States stimulated the region’s trade performance. Despitethe solid economic growth over the 1999-2002 period, under-employment is still widespread in the region. Inflation rates havecome down markedly, in particular, in the EU accession countries.In the Russian Federation, consumer price inflation was reduced,but remained at double-digit rates in 2002.

The transition countries’ merchandise imports rose, in realterms, by more than 10% in 2002. Although the rise ofmerchandise exports by 8% was somewhat less rapid thanimports, the expansion rate was still more than twice that ofGDP. Export prices increased slightly in 2002, while import prices,measured in dollar terms, remained unchanged. The dollar valueof the transition economies exports of merchandise andcommercial services rose by 10%. Import growth exceeded thatof exports for the second year in a row (see Table 5).

The expansion rate of major product groups in themerchandise exports of transition economies differed sharply.Exports of mining products (including fuels) recovered by 5%while those of manufactured goods and agricultural productsrose by more than 10%. There was a remarkable growth intransition economies exports of fuels, whereas world trade inthat product group stagnated. The outstanding rise in fuelexports can be largely attributed to the rise in Russia’s oiloutput, while OPEC oil production decreased by 6% in 2002.Exports of agricultural products to Western Europe increased by15% and account for 40% of the transition economies’ exportsin this product category. Among manufactured goods, exports ofautomotive products and office and telecom equipment rose byabout 15% in 2002. Clothing exports, which account for lessthan 4% of the region’s merchandise exports, rose by 6%.Available information on the breakdown of commercial servicesexports by category point to a very strong expansion oftransportation services. Travel receipts rose by 5%, only half therate of total services exports.

The strength of economic activity in the region did not lead toan above-average growth for intra-regional trade, as might havebeen expected. Transition economies’ exports to Western Europeand Asia rose at double-digit rates to $176 billion and $24.3billion respectively, while intra-regional trade rose by 5% to $80billion. The combined shipments to North America, Latin America,

Table 4

GDP and trade developments in Western Europe, 2002

(Annual percentage change)

GDP 2.1 2.6 3.5 1.3 0.9 2.1 2.8 3.5 1.5 0.9 - - - - -

Merchandise

Exports (value) 4 0 4 0 6 4 0 4 0 6 5 -1 7 1 6

Imports (value) 4 2 7 -2 4 4 2 6 -2 4 5 4 15 -4 1

Exports (volume) 5 3 9 2 1 5 3 9 2 1 4 1 13 4 2

Imports (volume) 5 5 8 0 0 5 5 8 0 -1 5 6 9 0 -1

Commercial services

Exports (value) 5 3 2 2 9 5 4 1 3 10 ... ... ... ... ...

Imports (value) 5 4 2 3 9 5 4 2 3 9 ... ... ... ... ...

Western Europe European Union (15) EU (15) excl. intra-trade

1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002

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Chart 8

Western Europe. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002

Note: Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of exports and imports in 2002.

Trade of merchandise and services, 2000-02(Billion dollars, exports plus imports divided by two)

Exports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Exports of commercial services, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Imports of commercial services, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Imports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Trade of merchandise and services per capita, 2000-02(Dollars, average of exports and imports divided by population)

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0

Germany

Germany

UKFrance

Italy

Netherlands

Netherlands

Ireland

Ireland

Belgium

Belgium

Average

Average

Average

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

Denmark

Turkey

Turkey

FYRMacedonia

Serbia & Montenegro(31)

Serbia & Montenegro(66)

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

na

Greece

Bosnia andHerzegovinaGermany Ireland

Average

Turkey

na

Germany

Belgium

Average

Denmark Turkey

Serbia & Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina (-13)

FYRMacedonia

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Africa and the Middle East accounted for only 10% of exports bytransition countries in 2002.

Trade developments of individual transition economies in 2002are reported in Chart 9. Although the Russian Federation remainsby far the largest trader in the region, the combined trade of theCzech Republic, Hungary and Poland, with their much smallereconomies, exceeded that of the Russian Federation. The highertrade intensity (as measured by per capita trade) of theCentral/Eastern European countries and Baltic States, incomparison to other transition economies, is also highlighted.

Out of 22 transition countries, 14 recorded an increase intheir exports or imports in excess of 10% in 2002. Azerbaijan isthe only country reporting a decrease in its merchandise exportsin 2002. In commercial services trade the performance across theregion is even stronger, with 16 economies recording a rise intheir commercial service trade (exports or imports) in excess of10%. Lower commercial services trade is only reported forTajikistan for exports and the Ukraine for imports.

Africa’s economic growth in 2002 at 2.7% remained belowexpectations and only marginally above its population growth.South Africa’s economy, accounting for more than one third ofthe region’s output, grew somewhat faster than the regionalaverage, while Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa,recorded a near stagnation in its output. Despite sluggish overallgrowth in the region, ten African economies expanded faster

than 5% and five countries recorded GDP growth above 10%.Unfavourable weather conditions and political turmoilcontributed to a steep fall in the GDP of Madagascar andZimbabwe. FDI inflows decreased sharply from their peak level in2001, largely due to developments in Morocco and South Africawhich, in 2001, attracted 45% of Africa’s FDI inflows5. Theprivatization of state-owned enterprises could attract substantialamounts of FDI, however the privatization process is “still slowand reluctant” in the region.6

Provisional 2002 trade data indicate a moderate expansion ofAfrica’s merchandise and commercial services trade. Prices forAfrica’s principal commodities recorded no uniformdevelopments. While the yearly averages of world market pricesfor petroleum, gold, coffee and cocoa beans edged up in 2002,those of non-ferrous metals, iron ore, tea and groundnutscontinued to soften. Despite a recovery in the second half of2002, cotton prices averaged for the full year, in nominal terms,their lowest level in 30 years. Total merchandise (and commercialservices) exports and imports increased by 2%, pointing to afurther loss in Africa’s share in world trade (see Table 6).

Africa’s trade picture brightens if one does not look at totaltrade but at the arithmetic average growth of African countries’

Table 5

GDP and trade developments in transition economies, 2002

(Annual percentage change)

GDP 2.3 4.3 7.0 4.5 3.7 3.2 2.6 3.8 2.7 2.5 1.6 6.4 10.0 5.0 4.3

Merchandise

Exports (value) 7 0 26 5 10 8 1 14 12 14 5 1 40 -2 4

Imports (value) 4 -12 14 11 11 9 -1 13 9 11 -6 -32 13 20 13

Exports (volume) 7 -2 17 8 8 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Imports (volume) 8 -9 16 15 11 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Commercial services

Exports (value) 2 -14 10 7 10 2 -11 14 6 3 -2 -27 5 10 22

Imports (value) 2 -8 15 12 16 4 1 11 7 13 -4 -19 22 14 16

Transition economies C./E. Europe Russian Federation

1995-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1995-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1995-00 1999 2000 2001 2002

Table 6

GDP and trade developments in Africa, 2002

(Annual percentage change)

GDP 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.1 2.7 1.7 2.0 3.5 2.8 3.0 2.3 2.9 2.9 3.2 2.5

Merchandise

Exports (value) 3 11 26 -6 2 3 1 12 -2 2 4 14 30 -7 2

Imports (value) 3 -4 1 2 2 5 -9 11 -5 4 2 -3 -1 4 2

Commercial services

Exports (volume) 5 9 0 0 2 4 -4 -3 -7 0 5 12 1 2 3

Imports (volume) 4 -3 5 2 2 4 2 0 -9 3 4 -3 5 3 2

Africa South Africa Other Africa

1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1990-00 1999 2000 2001 2002

5 UNCTAD, World Investment Report, 2003.6 Economic Commission for Africa, Economic Report on Africa 2003.

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Note: Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of exports and imports in 2002.

Trade of merchandise and services, 2000-02(Billion dollars, exports plus imports divided by two)

Exports of commercial services, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Imports of commercial services, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Imports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Trade of merchandise and services per capita, 2000-02(Dollars, average of exports and imports divided by population)

Russian Federation

Poland

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Ukraine

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Lithuania

Average

Hungary

Romania

Lithuania

Average

Average

Estonia (44)

Chart 9

Transition Economies. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002

Exports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

10

20

30

0

5000

4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

30

35

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

30

35

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

Slovak Rep.

Estonia

Latvia

Kyrgyz Rep.

Azerbaijan (97)

Russian Fed.

Lithuania

Lithuania

Average

Kazakhstan

Moldova

Czech Rep.

Romania

Armenia (48)

Average

Azerbaijan (-6)

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merchandise exports and imports which exceeded worldmerchandise trade growth in 2002 by 5.5% and 7%respectively. The arithmetic average growth is far less affectedthan total merchandise trade by the trade contraction in Nigeria,and gives a more accurate view of the performance of the fifty-plus countries of this continent.

A breakdown of Africa’s merchandise exports by productindicates that exports of agricultural products rose by 9% to$22.1 billion in 2002. Agricultural products, which account for16% of total merchandise exports by region, expandedsignificantly to Western Europe and North America.7 Exports offuels are estimated to have stagnated at $69 billion, accountingfor almost one half of Africa’s total exports. Exports ofmanufactured goods only increased marginally in 2002, whileother semi-manufactures, among which diamonds are prominent,declined at double-digit rates. Africa’s exports of clothing ($7.4billion), machinery and transport equipment ($7 billion) and ironand steel ($2.9 billion) have expanded faster than world trade inthese categories.

Developments of Africa’s merchandise exports by regiondiffered strongly in 2002. Shipments to Western Europedecreased slightly while those to North America stagnated.Exports to Asia, however, increased by 10%. Despite recentdevelopments, Western Europe still accounted for more than one

half of African exports. North America and Asia account each for17% and thereby roughly twice as much as African intra-trade.

Chart 10 reports on African trade performance by individualcountries in 2002. The upper part of this chart highlights themajor traders as well as trade intensity measured by per capitatrade level. Out of the 50 African countries displayed in thisChart, 34 countries have a trade per capita level of less than$200 dollars.8

The annual variation of African countries’ merchandiseexports and imports shown in the lower part of Chart 10, revealsan extreme diversity in trade performance. Merchandise exportsincreased by more than 10% in 17 African countries in 2002,while 18 other African countries recorded a fall in their exports.Merchandise imports of 18 African countries increased by morethan 10%, while 15 other African countries reported a reductionin their imports. Among Africa’s major traders, only Nigeriarecorded a sharp contraction of both its exports and imports in2002. This trade development is closely linked to the cut inNigeria’s oil production agreed within OPEC.

7 In 2002, EU imports of agricultural products from Africa increased by 9% to$12.5 billion, while those of the United States rose by 8% to $1.2 billion.8 The world average trade per capita level in 2000-2002 was $1300 and $590 fordeveloping countries.

Note: Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of exports and imports in 2002.

Trade of merchandise and services, 2000-02(Billion dollars, exports plus imports divided by two)

Imports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Trade of merchandise and services per capita, 2000-02(Dollars, average of exports and imports divided by population)

Exports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Chart 10

Africa. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

-15

-20

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

-15

-20

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

South Africa

AlgeriaEgypt

Nigeria

Morocco

Egypt

NigeriaTunisia

Libya

Mauritius

Gabon

Equatorial GuineaSeychelles (6500)

Average

Nigeria (-35)

Equatorial Guinea

Seychelles (-35)

Average

Sierra Leone(45)

Nigeria

Morocco

Equatorial Guinea

Average

Rwanda (-34)

Angola Ghana Congo

Congo, D.R. Lesotho (40)

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Table 7

GDP and trade developments in the Middle East, 2002

(Annual percentage change)

Merchandise

Exports (value) 2 12 7 -20 29 44 -8 0

Imports (value) 5 4 4 -3 -1 12 6 7

Commercial services

Exports (value) 8 10 9 6 10 18 -10 -1

Imports (value) 3 5 4 -11 1 9 -6 1

1990-95 1995-00 1990-00 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Political conflicts continued to hamper economic developmentand the trade expansion of the Middle East. Economic growthremained subdued. Oil production decreased by more than 5%while gas production continued to expand. Israel, the major non-oil exporting economy in the region, recorded a further decline ofits GDP, as economic activity, in particular tourism, had beennegatively affected by insecurity linked to the prevailing civilstrife.

Merchandise exports of the region are estimated to havestagnated at $245 billion. It is estimated that the decrease in thevolume of oil exports was partly offset by higher oil prices andincreased gas supplies. Fuels exports are estimated to havedecreased by 3% and account for about 70% of the region’smerchandise exports. Chemicals (mainly petrochemicals) havebecome the second biggest merchandise export category in theMiddle East. Shipments of chemicals increased by about 5% to

Trade of merchandise and services, 2000-02(Billion dollars, exports plus imports divided by two)

Imports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Trade of merchandise and services per capita, 2000-02(Dollars, average of exports and imports divided by population)

Exports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Average

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia

UAE

UAE

Israel

Israel

Iran Rep. of

Iran Rep. of

Kuwait

Kuwait

Syria

Jordan

Bahrain

Saudi Arabia

Average

Average

UAE (16000)

Israel

Israel

Iran

Kuwait

Kuwait

SyriaJordan

Yemen

Bahrain

10000

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

Chart 11

Middle East. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002

Note: Estimated data for Iraq are not shown separately but included in the regional aggregate.

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

Oman

Yemen

Qatar

Qatar (14000)

Iran, Islamic Rep. of

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Table 8

GDP and trade developments in Asia, 2002

(Annual percentage change)

GDP 3.3 2.5 4.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.2 2.8 0.4 -0.7 6.7 6.4 7.1 3.4 5.4

Merchandise

Exports (value) 9 7 18 -9 8 5 8 14 -16 3 11 7 21 -7 10

Imports (value) 8 9 23 -7 6 5 11 22 -8 -3 10 9 25 -7 9

Exports (volume) 8 6 16 -4 11 3 2 9 -10 8 8 6 16 -4 11

Imports (volume) 8 10 17 -2 10 5 10 11 -1 2 8 10 16 -2 9

Commercial services

Exports (value) 9 5 12 -1 7 5 -2 13 -7 2 11 7 13 2 8

Imports (value) 7 5 8 -2 3 3 3 1 -7 0 11 6 13 1 5

Asia Japan Developing Asiaa

1995-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1995-00 1999 2000 2001 2002 1995-00 1999 2000 2001 2002

a Defined as Asia excluding Japan, Australia and New Zealand.

10% and amounted to $16 billion. Merchandise imports rose onaverage by a further 7% reaching $178 billion in 2002 (seeTable 7).

Merchandise exports of the Middle East to Asia stagnated in2002, the rise in exports to developing Asia of 6% being offsetby a decrease in shipments to Japan. As the Middle East’sexports to North America and Western Europe decreased, theshare of Asian developing countries in the Middle East’s exportsrose to 30%, equal to the combined share of North America andWestern Europe.

Import growth continued to be sustained by the large tradesurplus in the region. The high level of oil prices since 2000resulted in sharply higher export earnings which, after a shorttime lag, led to substantial increases in imports (see Chart III.15).The stagnation of the Middle East’s exports and imports ofcommercial services is the outcome of two divergentdevelopments which offset each other. There is a markedcontraction of Israel’s commercial services exports (-13%) andimports (-9%) while for most of the other countries in theregion, services trade expanded strongly. The Middle Eastregion’s exports and imports of commercial services areestimated to have each risen by more than 5% if one excludesIsrael from the regional aggregate values.

Middle East trade by country is reported in Chart 11. Sevencountries in the region show a rather high trade per capita whencompared with developing countries in general. However, forthree others (Islamic Republic of Iran, Syrian Arab Republic andYemen) trade per capita remained below $400 dollars. Mostcountries in the region recorded a small increase or a decline intheir merchandise export earnings in 2002 with the twoexceptions of the Syrian Arab Republic and Jordan who recordedstrong increases. A contrasting picture is provided formerchandise imports which rose strongly in most countries in theregion, but stagnated in Israel.

In 2002, economic growth in Asia was limited to only 1.5%,unchanged from the preceding year and only half the average raterecorded for the 1990s. The aggregate growth of Asia conceals thedivergent economic performance of Japan and of all the othereconomies in the Asia-Pacific region. While Japan’s economyslowed further and recorded a slightly negative GDP growth,developing Asia, Australia and New Zealand have seen anacceleration in their GDP growth. Developing Asia’s 5.5% GDPgrowth in 2002 matched the average growth of the second half of

the 1990s. Among the Asian developing economies, the recoverywas less pronounced in Hong Kong, China, Singapore and ChineseTaipei which had already experienced a decline or stagnation oftheir output in the preceding year. Despite the recovery, under-employment and low investment levels remain a concern in mostof the Asian economies and are important factors in explaining thepursuit of expansionary fiscal policies in many countries.

There was a further decline in FDI inflows to Asian developingcountries if China is excluded from the total. In Indonesia,foreign disinvestment continued for the fifth year in a row. Theunabated strength of FDI flows into China and the sluggishnessof FDI flows to other Asian developing economies is leading to aconcentration of FDI inward stocks in three economies (i.e.China, Hong Kong, China and Singapore). In 2002, these threeeconomies already accounted for more than three quarters of thetotal FDI inward stock in developing Asia in 2002.

Asia’s trade rebounded strongly from its contraction in 2001.Despite the strength of the recovery in its merchandise tradeexport and import growth (by 8% and 6% respectively) in 2002,recovery remained incomplete as the respective trade valuesremained below their 2000 peak levels.

The weakness of the nominal trade recovery has to be partlyattributed to the further decrease in the region’s dollar exportand import prices. The depreciation of the yen against the USdollar, on an annual average basis, contributed to the nearly 5%decrease in Japanese export prices. In real terms, Asia’s exportsand imports are estimated to have expanded by about 10% andthus more than twice that of world trade. The recovery in Asia’scommercial services trade was somewhat weaker than that ofmerchandise trade. Commercial services exports rose faster thanimports, a development which can be found across all threemajor services categories. For both exports and imports,transportation services was the least dynamic component ofservices trade while travel and other commercial servicesexpanded somewhat faster than the average rates for totalcommercial services (see Table 8).

Asia’s merchandise exports by main product groups showquite distinct developments in 2002: Exports of mining productsrose by 2%, agricultural products by 7% and manufacturedgoods by 8.5%. The region’s exports of office and telecomequipment, automotive products, chemicals and iron and steelproducts all increased by more than 10%. Exports of otherconsumer goods, clothing and textiles increased between 3.5%

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a Includes significant re-exports.Note: Countries are ranked in descending order (from left to right) of the sum of exports and imports in 2002.

Trade of merchandise and services, 2000-02(Billion dollars, exports plus imports divided by two)

Exports of commercial services, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Imports of commercial services, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Imports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Trade of merchandise and services per capita, 2000-02(Dollars, average of exports and imports divided by population)

Chart 12

Asia. Merchandise and commercial services trade, 2002

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

Exports of merchandise, 2002(Annual percentage change)

Japan

China

Hong Kong, Chinaa

Korea, Rep. of

Taipei, ChineseSingaporea

Malaysia

India

Hong Kong, China(46000)

Singapore (49000)

India

10000

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

Average

PakistanIndonesia

AustraliaNew Zealand

Brunei (12000)

Macao, China

Japan

China

India

Average

Brunei 30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

-15

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

-15

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

-10

Cambodia

Viet NamPhilippines

Nepal

Lao People'sD.R. (-18)

China

Average

nana

New Zealand

Philippines(-17)

Thailand

Sri Lanka

China

China

India

India

Average

Average

CambodiaViet NamPhilippines

Philippines

Sri Lanka

na nana

Nepal (-23)

Lao People's D.R.

Papua NewGuinea

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Table 9

Intra-regional trade of major RTAs, 1995 and 2002

(Billion dollars, percentage)

EU (15) 1509 24.1 64.0 61.6 65.2 61.9

NAFTA (3) 626 10.0 46.0 56.5 37.7 38.1

AFTA (10) 97 1.6 25.5 24.0 18.8 23.6

CEFTA (7) 19 0.3 14.6 12.2 11.3 10.2

MERCOSUR (4) 10 0.2 20.5 11.5 18.1 17.0

ANDEAN (5) 5 0.1 12.3 10.2 12.9 13.9

Total 2266 36.3 - - - -

Intra-trade Share of intra-trade in:

RTA Value Share in Exports Importsworld exports 1995 2002 1995 2002

and 7%. In a number of product groups, however, the recoveryobserved in 2002 was not strong enough to offset the declinesin the preceding year (e.g. office and telecom equipment,clothing, textiles, iron and steel and mining products).

Asia’s merchandise exports by destination reveal that therebound of intra-regional trade was the principal factor in overalltrade expansion. The 9% growth of intra-Asian trade exceededthe expansion rate of shipments to North America and WesternEurope of 5% and 3% respectively. The share of intra-regionaltrade recovered and accounted for nearly one half of Asia’sexports but still less than in 1996, before the Asian financialcrisis. Asia’s combined exports to Latin America, the transitioneconomies, Africa and the Middle East accounted for 8.5% oftotal exports (see Table III.71).

Chart 12 reports on Asian trade developments by country in2002. In the right upper part of the chart one can find the tradeper capita level of individual Asian economies. A marked contrastis apparent between the high-income economies, mainly groupedat the left side of the chart, with a high level of trade per capitaand the low-income countries with a large population such asBangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar and Pakistan whichreport a per capita trade level ranging between nearly $400(Indonesia) and $80 dollars (e.g. Bangladesh, India and Myanmar).

One of the main features of Asia’s merchandise tradedevelopment in 2002 was the contrasting trade growth of thetwo largest traders in the region. Although Japan’s traderecovered from the steep contraction of 2001, its export growthof 3% remained sharply lower than the average growth rate ofthe region and its imports continued to shrink. China’s exportsand imports, however, both expanded by more than 20%.Above-average rates of growth for both exports and imports arereported for Cambodia, India, the Philippines and Viet Nam.Cambodia’s trade performance is outstanding among the smallertraders in Asia which, in many cases, recorded a contraction oftheir exports or imports in 2002.

Three of the four high-income newly industrialized developingeconomies in Asia (e.g. Hong Kong, China, Singapore andChinese Taipei) recorded below average trade growth not onlyfor merchandise but also for commercial services trade. Thefourth economy, the Republic of Korea, experienced strong traderecovery in 2002 with its exports and imports matching theregional average growth rates.

China, India and the Philippines recorded above-averagegrowth of their commercial services exports as they did formerchandise trade. However, in respect of commercial servicesimports, only China recorded double-digit growth while those ofIndia and the Philippines decreased.

5. Merchandise trade of major regionaltrade agreements

The tendency to conclude new RTAs continued unabated in2002 and in the first half of 2003. At the end of 2002, 176 RTA’swere in force and notified to the WTO, 17 more than at the endof the preceding year. Recent RTAs are often spread acrossgeographic regions and are increasingly of a bilateral type.Reviewing RTA trade developments, one should bear in mindthat in many RTAs only a fraction of intra-regional trade isconducted at preferential terms and duty free.9

Trade developments of six major plurilateral reciprocal RTAs in2002 are reviewed below. Four observations highlight prominenttrade aspects of these RTAs:

- Intra-trade developments of the six RTAs were very muchaffected by the overall trade developments of their region.Consequently, the value of intra-trade decreased in the threeRTAs located in South and North America with its lacklustretrade growth in 2002 (ANDEAN, MERCOSUR and NAFTA), butincreased in the three RTAs situated in Europe and Asia (EU,CEFTA and AFTA) where trade expanded faster than the globalaverage (see Table I.9).

- In 2002, there was no clear trend in respect to the relativedevelopment of intra-RTA trade. The share of intra-tradeincreased in a majority of RTAs on the import side but not on theexport side. AFTA is the only RTA which reported a recovery ofthe intra-regional trade share for both exports and imports in2002.

- The relative weight of intra-regional trade of the majorplurilateral RTAs has not increased in 2002. Intra-regional tradeof the six RTAs combined expanded as fast as world tradeleaving the share of these trade flows in world merchandisetrade (exports plus imports) unchanged at 35%.

- Neither the short- nor the medium-term developments(1995-2002) point to a general increase of the share of intra-RTA trade. For the EU and CEFTA, the share of intra-regionaltrade decreased in the medium term, partly due to the dynamicbilateral trade generated by the EU enlargement process.MERCOSUR’s relative decline in intra-regional trade isparticularly pronounced on the export side and reflected theimpact of the regional financial crisis. On the import side, theshare of intra-regional trade started to decline with the sharpdevaluation of the Brazilian currency in 1999. The share of AFTA’s

9 For a detailed discussion of the economic, political and institutional aspects ofRTAs see WTO, World Trade Report 2003, pp. 46-66.

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intra-regional trade increased steadily on the import side since1995. However, for exports, the corresponding share has not yetregained the level prevailing before the Asian financial crisis.NAFTA is the only RTA which recorded a significant increase inthe share of intra-trade between 1995 and 2002 (see Table 9).

The summary provided in Table 9 also reveals the markeddifferences in size and integration among the six plurilateralRTAs. For the EU and NAFTA, more than one half of theirexports are intra-regional while for the other four RTAs, thecorresponding share ranges between 24% and 10%. Thedifferences between the two groups of RTAs on the import sideare, in general, as pronounced as on the export side. Only forRTAs with a significant trade imbalance, the intra-trade sharesdiffer between exports and imports (i.e. NAFTA andMERCOSUR).

6. Trade developments in the first halfof 2003 and prospects

In the first half of 2003 world merchandise exports rose by15% in dollar terms over the corresponding period in 2002, astrong acceleration compared to the average 4% annual growthin 2002. The main factor behind this buoyant nominal tradegrowth has been the depreciation of the US dollar against thecurrencies of major traders in Europe and Asia in the first sixmonths of 2003 (see Chart 1). Higher oil and non-fuelcommodity prices also contributed to the dollar price increase ininternational trade.

The exports and imports of Western Europe and the transitioneconomies expanded by more than 20% in dollar terms, largelydue to price and exchange rate developments. In Asia, wherecurrency changes against the dollar were more limited, exportsrose by 15% and imports by nearly 20%. China’s trade remainedthe strongest component of Asia’s trade. China’s imports growthis reported to have increased by 45% and exceeded in value tothat of Japan. Partly due to higher oil prices, Japan’s importgrowth (17%) was stronger than that of exports (13%). The sixnewly industrialized economies expanded both exports andimports by 12.5%. Latin America’s imports remained unchangedfrom the preceding year’s level while exports recorded anincrease of 8%, thereby strengthening the region’s trade surplus.In contrast to the Latin American trade balance, the NorthAmerican trade deficit continued to widen in the first half of2003, as imports rose by 10%, or twice as fast as exports.

Adjusted for price and exchange rate changes, a different andless bright trade picture emerges. OECD countries’ real trade ingoods and services (exports plus imports) expanded by only 4%in the first half of 2003. In addition, most of this increase has tobe attributed to the trade expansion in the second half of 2002as OECD exports have stagnated from the fourth quarter of2002 through the second quarter of 2003 (on a seasonallyadjusted basis). OECD countries’ imports were less sluggish andpicked up in the second quarter of 2003, mainly due to higherimports of the United States (see Chart 13).

Developments in the first half of 2003 and improvements ofthe leading indicators in the third quarter lead to a projection ofworld merchandise trade growth of 3%, basically unchangedfrom the preceding year’s rate.

Exports of goods and servicesGDP Imports of goods and services

OECD Countries

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

Q1 2001 Q1 2002 Q1 2003

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Q1 2001 Q1 2002 Q1 2003

European Union

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

Q1 2001 Q1 2002 Q1 2003

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Q1 2001 Q1 2002 Q1 2003

United States Japan

Chart 13

Real GDP and trade growth of OECD countries, 2001-03

(Percentage change on a quarter to quarter basis)

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I. World trade in 2002 - Overview

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Table I.1

Growth in the volume of world merchandise exports and production by major product group, 1995-02

(Annual percentage change)

1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World merchandise exports 7.0 11.0 -0.5 3.0

Agricultural products 3.5 4.5 2.5 2.5

Mining products 4.0 6.0 -0.5 0.5

Manufactures 8.0 13.0 -1.5 3.0

World merchandise production 4.0 5.0 -0.5 1.0

Agriculture 2.5 1.5 1.5 0.5

Mining 2.0 3.5 -0.5 0.5

Manufacturing 4.0 6.0 -1.0 1.0

World GDP 3.0 4.0 1.5 2.0

Note: World merchandise production differs from world GDP in that it excludes services and construction.

Table I.2

Growth in the volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1995-02

(Annual percentage change)

Exports Imports

1995-00 2001 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

7.0 -0.5 3.0 World 7.0 -0.5 3.0

7.0 -5.5 -3.0 North America a 10.5 -3.5 4.0

9.5 2.0 1.5 Latin America 10.5 -1.0 -5.5

6.0 2.0 0.5 Western Europe 6.0 0.0 -0.5

6.0 1.5 0.5 European Union (15) 6.0 0.0 -0.5

7.0 8.0 8.0 C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 8.0 14.5 11.5

8.5 -4.0 10.5 Asia 5.5 -1.5 9.5

4.5 -10.0 8.5 Japan 4.5 -1.5 1.5

9.5 -6.5 8.0 Six East Asian traders 4.5 -7.0 8.5

a Excluding Mexico throughout this report.

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Table I.3

Growth in the value of world merchandise trade by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Annual percentage change Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

6272 5 -4 4 World 6510 5 -4 4

946 6 -6 -4 North America a 1431 10 -6 2

350 10 -3 0 Latin America 350 9 -2 -7

2657 2 0 6 Western Europe 2659 3 -2 4

2449 2 0 6 European Union (15) 2447 3 -2 4

314 7 5 10 C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 299 4 11 11

148 8 12 14 Central and Eastern Europe 177 9 9 11

107 5 -2 4 Russian Federation 61 -6 20 13

140 6 -6 2 Africa 135 0 2 2

244 12 -8 0 Middle East 178 4 6 7

1620 5 -9 8 Asia 1458 3 -7 6

417 2 -16 3 Japan 337 2 -8 -3

326 11 7 22 China 295 11 8 21

603 5 -12 6 Six East Asian traders 550 2 -13 4

a Excluding Mexico throughout this report.Note: It should be mentioned at the outset that there are breaks in the continuity of the figures at the country and regional levels. These breaks are indicated in Appendix

Tables A4 and A5. Explanations of significant breaks are given in the Technical Notes.

Table I.4

Growth in the value of world trade in commercial services by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Annual percentage change Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

1570 4 0 6 World 1545 4 1 5

309 7 -3 1 North America a 248 9 -1 1

56 6 -2 -4 Latin America 65 5 1 -9

763 4 2 9 Western Europe 716 4 3 9

686 4 3 10 European Union (15) 669 4 3 9

60 2 7 10 C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 65 2 12 16

31 3 0 2 Africa 40 2 2 2

29 10 -10 -1 Middle East 45 5 -6 1

322 3 -1 7 Asia 367 2 -2 3

65 1 -7 2 Japan 107 -1 -7 0

39 10 9 20 China 46 8 9 18

150 3 -2 6 Six East Asian traders 137 3 -4 4

a Excluding Mexico throughout this report.Note: It should be mentioned at the outset that there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the figures at the country and regional levels due to frequent revisions to

the trade in services data. See the Technical Notes.

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Table I.5

Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Annual Annualpercentage percentage

Rank Exporters Value Share change Rank Importers Value Share change

1 United States 693.9 10.7 -5 1 United States 1202.4 18.0 22 Germany 613.1 9.5 7 2 Germany 493.7 7.4 23 Japan 416.7 6.5 3 3 United Kingdom 345.3 5.2 44 France 331.8 5.1 3 4 Japan 337.2 5.0 -35 China 325.6 5.0 22 5 France 329.3 4.9 06 United Kingdom 279.6 4.3 3 6 China 295.2 4.4 217 Canada 252.4 3.9 -3 7 Italy 243.0 3.6 48 Italy 251.0 3.9 4 8 Canada 227.5 3.4 09 Netherlands 244.3 3.8 6 9 Netherlands 219.8 3.3 5

10 Belgium 214.0 3.3 12 10 Hong Kong, China 207.2 3.1 3retained imports a 24.3 0.4 -22

11 Hong Kong, China 201.2 3.1 5 11 Belgium 197.4 2.9 10domestic exports 18.3 0.3 -10 12 Mexico 173.1 2.6 0re-exports 182.9 2.8 7 13 Spain 154.7 2.3 0

12 Korea, Republic of 162.5 2.5 8 14 Korea, Republic of 152.1 2.3 813 Mexico 160.7 2.5 1 15 Singapore 116.4 1.7 014 Taipei, Chinese 135.1 2.1 7 retained imports a 58.1 0.9 -415 Singapore 125.2 1.9 3 16 Taipei, Chinese 112.6 1.7 5

domestic exports 66.8 1.0 1 17 Switzerland 83.7 1.3 -1re-exports 58.3 0.9 5 18 Malaysia 79.9 1.2 8

16 Spain 119.1 1.8 2 19 Austria 78.0 1.2 417 Russian Federation 106.9 1.7 4 20 Australia 72.7 1.1 1418 Malaysia 93.3 1.4 619 Ireland 88.2 1.4 720 Switzerland 87.9 1.4 7

21 Sweden 81.1 1.3 7 21 Sweden 66.2 1.0 522 Austria 78.7 1.2 11 22 Thailand 64.7 1.0 423 Saudi Arabia b 73.9 1.1 1 23 Russian Federation 60.5 0.9 1324 Thailand 68.9 1.1 6 24 India 56.6 0.8 1225 Australia 65.0 1.0 3 25 Poland 55.1 0.8 1026 Norway 61.0 0.9 3 26 Ireland 51.9 0.8 327 Brazil 60.4 0.9 4 27 Brazil b 49.7 0.7 -1528 Indonesia b 57.1 0.9 1 28 Turkey 49.7 0.7 2029 Denmark 57.0 0.9 10 29 Denmark 49.4 0.7 930 India 49.3 0.8 14 30 Czech Republic c 40.8 0.6 12

31 United Arab Emirates b 47.3 0.7 -1 31 Portugal 38.5 0.6 -332 Finland 44.8 0.7 4 32 Hungary 37.6 0.6 1233 Poland 41.0 0.6 14 33 Israel 35.5 0.5 034 Czech Republic 38.4 0.6 15 34 Philippines 35.2 0.5 1235 Philippines 36.3 0.6 11 35 Norway 34.8 0.5 636 Turkey 34.6 0.5 10 36 Finland 33.6 0.5 337 Hungary 34.3 0.5 13 37 Saudi Arabia b 32.3 0.5 338 South Africa 29.7 0.5 2 38 United Arab Emirates b 32.2 0.5 739 Israel 29.5 0.5 2 39 Indonesia b 31.3 0.5 140 Venezuela b 26.9 0.4 -2 40 Greece 31.3 0.5 11

41 Portugal 25.6 0.4 5 41 South Africa 29.3 0.4 442 Argentina 25.4 0.4 -5 42 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 22.2 0.3 2443 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 24.4 0.4 3 43 Viet Nam 19.0 0.3 1944 Algeria b 19.1 0.3 -1 44 Romania 17.9 0.3 1545 Chile 18.3 0.3 -1 45 Chile 17.1 0.3 -446 Ukraine 18.0 0.3 10 46 Ukraine 17.0 0.3 847 Viet Nam 16.5 0.3 9 47 Slovak Republic c 16.5 0.2 1248 Kuwait 15.4 0.2 -5 48 New Zealand 15.1 0.2 1349 Nigeria 15.1 0.2 -12 49 Luxembourg 13.2 0.2 750 Slovak Republic 14.4 0.2 14 50 Colombia 12.7 0.2 -1

Total of above d 6109.7 94.6 - Total of above d 6187.8 92.5 -World d 6455.0 100.0 4 World d 6693.0 100.0 4

a Retained imports are defined as imports less re-exports. See the Technical Notes.b Secretariat estimates.c Imports are valued f.o.b.d Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export.Note: For annual data 1992-02, see Appendix Tables A4 and A5.

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Table I.6

Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade (excluding intra-EU trade), 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Annual Annual percentage percentage

Rank Exporters Value Share change Rank Importers Value Share change

1 Extra-EU exports 939.8 19.0 6 1 United States 1202.4 23.2 22 United States 693.9 14.0 -5 2 Extra-EU imports 933.1 18.0 13 Japan 416.7 8.4 3 3 Japan 337.2 6.5 -34 China 325.6 6.6 22 4 China 295.2 5.7 215 Canada 252.4 5.1 -3 5 Canada 227.5 4.4 06 Hong Kong, China 201.2 4.1 5 6 Hong Kong, China 207.2 4.0 3

domestic exports 18.3 0.4 -10 retained imports a 24.3 0.5 -22re-exports 182.9 3.7 7 7 Mexico 173.1 3.3 0

7 Korea, Republic of 162.5 3.3 8 8 Korea, Republic of 152.1 2.9 88 Mexico 160.7 3.2 1 9 Singapore 116.4 2.2 09 Taipei, Chinese 135.1 2.7 7 retained imports a 58.1 1.1 -4

10 Singapore 125.2 2.5 3 10 Taipei, Chinese 112.6 2.2 5domestic exports 66.8 1.4 1re-exports 58.3 1.2 5

11 Russian Federation 106.9 2.2 4 11 Switzerland 83.7 1.6 -112 Malaysia 93.3 1.9 6 12 Malaysia 79.9 1.5 813 Switzerland 87.9 1.8 7 13 Australia 72.7 1.4 1414 Saudi Arabia b 73.9 1.5 1 14 Thailand 64.7 1.2 415 Thailand 68.9 1.4 6 15 Russian Federation 60.5 1.2 1316 Australia 65.0 1.3 3 16 India 56.6 1.1 1217 Norway 61.0 1.2 3 17 Poland 55.1 1.1 1018 Brazil 60.4 1.2 4 18 Brazil b 49.7 1.0 -1519 Indonesia b 57.1 1.2 1 19 Turkey 49.7 1.0 2020 India 49.3 1.0 14 20 Czech Republic c 40.8 0.8 12

21 United Arab Emirates b 47.3 1.0 -1 21 Hungary 37.6 0.7 1222 Poland 41.0 0.8 14 22 Israel 35.5 0.7 023 Czech Republic 38.4 0.8 15 23 Philippines 35.2 0.7 1224 Philippines 36.3 0.7 11 24 Norway 34.8 0.7 625 Turkey 34.6 0.7 10 25 Saudi Arabia b 32.3 0.6 326 Hungary 34.3 0.7 13 26 United Arab Emirates b 32.2 0.6 727 South Africa 29.7 0.6 2 27 Indonesia b 31.3 0.6 128 Israel 29.5 0.6 2 28 South Africa 29.3 0.6 429 Venezuela b 26.9 0.5 -2 29 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 22.2 0.4 2430 Argentina 25.4 0.5 -5 30 Viet Nam 19.0 0.4 19

31 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 24.4 0.5 3 31 Romania 17.9 0.3 1532 Algeria 19.1 0.4 -1 32 Chile 17.1 0.3 -433 Chile 18.3 0.4 -1 33 Ukraine 17.0 0.3 834 Ukraine 18.0 0.4 10 34 Slovak Republic c 16.5 0.3 1235 Viet Nam 16.5 0.3 9 35 New Zealand 15.1 0.3 1336 Kuwait 15.4 0.3 -5 36 Colombia 12.7 0.2 -137 Nigeria 15.1 0.3 -12 37 Egypt 12.6 0.2 -238 Slovak Republic 14.4 0.3 14 38 Iraq b 12.0 0.2 939 New Zealand 14.4 0.3 5 39 Venezuela b 11.8 0.2 -3440 Romania 13.9 0.3 22 40 Morocco 11.6 0.2 5

41 Iraq b 13.5 0.3 -15 41 Pakistan 11.2 0.2 1042 Colombia 12.0 0.2 -2 42 Slovenia 10.9 0.2 843 Oman 11.2 0.2 1 43 Algeria 10.8 0.2 1144 Qatar 11.0 0.2 1 44 Croatia 10.7 0.2 1745 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya b 11.0 0.2 -2 45 Tunisia 9.5 0.2 046 Pakistan 9.9 0.2 7 46 Argentina 9.0 0.2 -5647 Kazakhstan b 9.7 0.2 12 47 Belarus 9.0 0.2 1048 Slovenia 9.5 0.2 2 48 Kuwait 9.0 0.2 1449 Belarus 8.1 0.2 8 49 Dominican Republic 8.9 0.2 150 Morocco 7.9 0.2 11 50 Bangladesh 7.9 0.2 -5

Total of above d 4753.1 96.1 - Total of above d 4920.7 95.0 -World (excl. intra-EU trade) d 4946.0 100.0 4 World (excl. intra-EU trade) d 5179.0 100.0 3

a Retained imports are defined as imports less re-exports. See the Technical Notes.b Secretariat estimates.c Imports are valued f.o.b.d Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export.

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Table I.7

Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Annual Annualpercentage percentage

Rank Exporters Value Share change Rank Importers Value Share change

1 United States 272.6 17.4 1 1 United States 205.6 13.3 2

2 United Kingdom 123.1 7.8 12 2 Germany 149.1 9.6 9

3 Germany 99.6 6.3 20 3 Japan 106.6 6.9 0

4 France 85.9 5.5 7 4 United Kingdom 101.4 6.6 9

5 Japan 64.9 4.1 2 5 France 68.2 4.4 10

6 Spain 62.1 4.0 7 6 Italy 61.5 4.0 10

7 Italy 59.4 3.8 4 7 Netherlands 55.7 3.6 7

8 Netherlands 54.1 3.4 8 8 China 46.1 3.0 18

9 Hong Kong, China 45.2 2.9 9 9 Canada 41.9 2.7 -2

10 China 39.4 2.5 20 10 Ireland 40.4 2.6 14

11 Canada 36.3 2.3 -2 11 Spain 37.6 2.4 12

12 Austria 34.9 2.2 6 12 Korea, Republic of 35.1 2.3 8

13 Belgium 34.9 2.2 ... 13 Belgium 34.9 2.3 ...

14 Ireland 28.1 1.8 21 14 Austria 34.4 2.2 10

15 Switzerland 27.9 1.8 7 15 Taipei, Chinese 24.3 1.6 3

16 Korea, Republic of 27.1 1.7 -4 16 Hong Kong, China 24.2 1.6 0

17 Singapore 26.9 1.7 3 17 Denmark 23.6 1.5 0

18 Denmark 25.5 1.6 -6 18 Sweden 23.1 1.5 1

19 India 23.5 1.5 12 19 India 21.8 1.4 -5

20 Sweden 22.5 1.4 3 20 Russian Federation 21.5 1.4 16

21 Taipei, Chinese 21.1 1.3 9 21 Singapore 20.6 1.3 1

22 Luxembourg 20.1 1.3 ... 22 Australia 17.5 1.1 7

23 Greece 20.1 1.3 4 23 Mexico 17.0 1.1 3

24 Norway 19.1 1.2 8 24 Thailand 16.6 1.1 14

25 Australia 16.7 1.1 5 25 Norway 16.5 1.1 10

26 Thailand 15.2 1.0 18 26 Malaysia 16.2 1.1 -2

27 Malaysia 14.8 0.9 3 27 Indonesia 16.0 1.0 2

28 Turkey 14.7 0.9 -7 28 Switzerland 15.3 1.0 1

29 Russian Federation 12.9 0.8 22 29 Brazil 13.6 0.9 -14

30 Mexico 12.5 0.8 -1 30 Luxembourg 13.6 0.9 ...

31 Israel 10.4 0.7 -13 31 United Arab Emirates a 11.4 0.7 ...

32 Poland 10.1 0.6 4 32 Israel 11.2 0.7 -9

33 Portugal 9.7 0.6 12 33 Greece 10.3 0.7 -8

34 Egypt 9.0 0.6 2 34 Poland 8.9 0.6 0

35 Brazil 8.8 0.6 1 35 Finland 8.3 0.5 4

36 Hungary 7.7 0.5 1 36 Saudi Arabia 7.2 0.5 0

37 Czech Republic 7.0 0.4 0 37 Hungary 7.1 0.5 30

38 Finland 6.1 0.4 5 38 Portugal 6.6 0.4 7

39 Croatia 5.5 0.4 14 39 Czech Republic 6.3 0.4 16

40 Indonesia 5.4 0.3 0 40 Turkey 6.3 0.4 -3

Total of above 1440.0 91.8 - Total of above 1405.0 90.8 -

World 1570.0 100.0 6 World 1545.0 100.0 5

a Secretariat estimate.Note: Figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat . Annual percentage changes and rankings are affected by continuity breaks

in the series for a large number of economies, and by limitations in cross-country comparability. See the Technical Notes. For annual data 1992-02, see Appendix Tables A6 and A7.

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Table I.8

Share of goods and commercial services in the total trade of selected regions and economies, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage, based on balance of payments data)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

Commercial CommercialTotal Goods services Total Goods services

World 7900 80.1 19.9 7810 80.2 19.8

North America 1258 75.5 24.5 1640 84.9 15.1Canada 300 87.9 12.1 269 84.4 15.6United States 958 71.5 28.5 1370 85.0 15.0

Latin America 414 86.4 13.6 408 84.1 15.9Argentina 28 90.1 9.9 13 65.7 34.3Brazil 69 87.2 12.8 61 77.6 22.4Chile 22 83.6 16.4 20 77.6 22.4Colombia 14 87.4 12.6 15 78.9 21.1Mexico 173 92.8 7.2 186 90.8 9.2Venezuela a ... 96.1 3.9 ... 80.4 19.6

Western Europe 3336 77.1 22.9 3147 77.3 22.7Austria 109 67.9 32.1 105 67.1 32.9Belgium 201 82.7 17.3 193 81.9 18.1Denmark 81 68.6 31.4 71 66.7 33.3Finland 51 88.0 12.0 40 79.1 20.9France 392 78.1 21.9 365 81.3 18.7Germany 715 86.1 13.9 642 76.8 23.2Greece 30 32.9 67.1 42 75.2 24.8Ireland 114 75.3 24.7 91 55.8 44.2Italy 313 81.0 19.0 299 79.4 20.6Netherlands 266 79.6 20.4 241 76.9 23.1Norway 79 75.9 24.1 52 68.4 31.6Portugal 37 73.5 26.5 46 85.7 14.3Spain 188 66.9 33.1 197 80.9 19.1Sweden 104 78.4 21.6 88 73.8 26.2Switzerland 131 78.6 21.4 112 86.3 13.7Turkey 54 72.7 27.3 54 88.4 11.6United Kingdom 402 69.4 30.6 434 76.6 23.4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 379 84.2 15.8 358 81.8 18.2Czech Republic 45 84.5 15.5 47 86.5 13.5Hungary 43 81.8 18.2 44 83.9 16.1Poland 55 81.7 18.3 59 85.1 14.9Russian Federation 120 89.3 10.7 82 74.0 26.0Ukraine 23 80.3 19.7 21 85.1 14.9

Africa 173 82.1 17.9 165 75.6 24.4Egypt 16 44.3 55.7 19 68.2 31.8Morocco 12 65.8 34.2 13 85.1 14.9Nigeria a ... 94.0 6.0 ... 70.7 29.3South Africa 35 87.6 12.4 32 83.7 16.3Tunisia 9 72.5 27.5 10 86.9 13.1

Asia 2097 84.7 15.3 1913 80.8 19.2Australia 82 79.5 20.5 88 80.1 19.9China 365 89.2 10.8 328 85.9 14.1Hong Kong, China b 245 81.6 18.4 230 89.5 10.5India 74 68.3 31.7 79 72.3 27.7Indonesia 64 91.6 8.4 52 69.1 30.9Japan 460 85.9 14.1 408 73.9 26.1Korea, Republic of 190 85.7 14.3 184 80.8 19.2Malaysia 108 86.4 13.6 91 82.2 17.8New Zealand 20 73.5 26.5 19 75.2 24.8Philippines 37 91.9 8.1 34 87.7 12.3Singapore b 153 82.4 17.6 130 84.2 15.8Taipei, Chinese 151 86.0 14.0 129 81.2 18.8Thailand 82 81.4 18.6 74 77.5 22.5

Memorandum item:

European Union (15) 3031 77.4 22.6 2878 76.8 23.2

a Secretariat estimates.

b Trade in goods includes significant re-exports or imports for re-exports.Note: Trade in goods is derived from balance of payments statistics and does not correspond to the merchandise trade statistics given elsewhere in this report.

It is likely that for most economies trade in commercial services is understated. See the Technical Notes.

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Table I.9

Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in totalValue exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1990 1995 2000 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

APEC (21)

Total exports 2779 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 -8 3Intra-exports 2023 67.5 72.4 72.7 72.8 6 -9 4Extra-exports 756 32.5 27.6 27.3 27.2 6 -5 -1

Total imports a 3068 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7 -7 4Intra-imports 2148 65.4 71.7 71.2 70.0 7 -8 4Extra-imports 920 34.6 28.3 28.8 30.0 7 -2 3

EU (15)

Total exports 2449 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2 0 6Intra-exports 1509 64.9 64.0 62.4 61.6 2 -1 5Extra-exports 940 35.1 36.0 37.6 38.4 3 1 6

Total imports 2447 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3 -2 4Intra-imports 1514 63.0 65.2 60.3 61.9 2 -1 5Extra-imports 933 37.0 34.8 39.7 38.1 6 -4 1

NAFTA (3)

Total exports 1107 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7 -6 -4Intra-exports 626 42.6 46.0 55.7 56.5 12 -6 -2Extra-exports 481 57.4 54.0 44.3 43.5 3 -6 -6

Total imports b 1599 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 11 -6 2Intra-imports 609 34.4 37.7 39.6 38.1 12 -7 -2Extra-imports 990 65.6 62.3 60.4 61.9 10 -6 4

ASEAN (10)

Total exports 405 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 -10 5Intra-exports 97 20.1 25.5 24.0 24.0 5 -12 8Extra-exports 308 79.9 74.5 76.0 76.0 6 -9 4

Total imports 353 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 -8 5Intra-imports 83 16.2 18.8 23.7 23.6 5 -12 9Extra-imports 270 83.8 81.2 76.3 76.4 -1 -7 4

CEFTA (7)

Total exports 157 - 100.0 100.0 100.0 7 11 14Intra-exports 19 - 14.6 12.1 12.2 3 14 12Extra-exports 138 - 85.4 87.9 87.8 8 11 14

Total imports 187 - 100.0 100.0 100.0 8 8 11Intra-imports 19 - 11.3 9.6 10.2 5 13 13Extra-imports 168 - 88.7 90.4 89.8 9 7 11

MERCOSUR (4)

Total exports 89 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 4 1Intra-exports 10 8.9 20.5 21.0 11.5 4 -14 -33Extra-exports 78 91.1 79.5 79.0 88.5 4 9 8

Total imports 62 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2 -6 -26Intra-imports 11 14.5 18.1 19.8 17.0 4 -11 -33Extra-imports 52 85.5 81.9 80.2 83.0 2 -5 -24

ANDEAN (5)

Total exports 53 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8 -9 0Intra-exports 5 4.2 12.3 8.9 10.2 1 12 -7Extra-exports 48 95.8 87.7 91.1 89.8 9 -11 1

Total imports c 39 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 12 -10Intra-imports 5 7.7 12.9 13.8 13.9 2 8 -6Extra-imports 34 92.3 87.1 86.2 86.1 0 12 -11

a Imports of Canada, Mexico and Australia are valued f.o.b.b Imports of Canada and Mexico are valued f.o.b.c Imports of Venezuela are valued f.o.b.Note: The figures are not fully adjusted for differences in the way members of the arrangements in this table record their merchandise trade.

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Chart I.1

Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-02(Billion dollars)

Exports Imports

APEC (21)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

APEC (21)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

NAFTA (3)

0200400600800

10001200140016001800

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

NAFTA (3)

0200400600800

10001200140016001800

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

ASEAN (10)

050

100150200250300350400450

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

ASEAN (10)

050

100150200250300350400450

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

EU (15)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000EU (15)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

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Chart I.1 (continued)

Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-02(Billion dollars)

Total exports Total imports

Intra-exports Intra-imports

Extra-exports Extra-imports

Exports Imports

MERCOSUR (4)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

MERCOSUR (4)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

ANDEAN (5)

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

ANDEAN (5)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

CEFTA (7)

0

40

80

120

160

200

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

CEFTA (7)

0

40

80

120

160

200

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

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II. Selected long-term trends

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Chart II.1

World merchandise trade and production by major product group, 1950-02

(Average annual percentage change in volume terms)

Trade Production

All merchandise

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1990-021973-901963-731950-63

Agricultural products

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1990-021973-901963-731950-63

Mining products (including petroleum)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1990-021973-901963-731950-63

Manufactures

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1990-021973-901963-731950-63

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0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1990-021973-901950-73

Average annual percentage change

Agricultural products

Mining products

Manufactures

Manufactures

Mining products

Agricultural products

Log.scale Volume indices, 1950 = 100

100

1000

10000

1950 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 2002

Chart II.2

World merchandise trade by major product group, 1950-02

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Table II.1

World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1950-02

(Annual percentage change)

Value Volume

WorldExports Exports Production GDP

Agricultural Mining Agricultural MiningTotal a products products Manufactures Total a products products Manufactures Total Agriculture Mining Manufacturing

1950 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

1951 31.1 28.6 33.3 39.1 9.5 4.8 4.3 18.8 8.8 1.7 10.5 11.5 7.9

1952 -1.3 -13.9 16.7 6.3 4.3 0.0 16.7 0.0 2.7 3.4 2.4 3.4 2.4

1953 2.5 0.0 0.0 2.9 8.3 2.3 7.1 10.5 7.9 3.3 2.3 10.0 7.1

1954 4.9 3.2 7.1 5.7 7.7 0.0 6.7 9.5 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 2.2

1955 9.4 3.1 13.3 13.5 10.7 11.1 9.4 8.7 9.8 3.1 11.4 15.2 6.5

1956 8.6 3.0 11.8 14.3 6.5 2.0 5.7 8.0 4.4 4.5 6.1 5.3 4.1

1957 7.9 8.8 5.3 8.3 9.1 9.8 8.1 11.1 2.1 0.0 1.9 2.5 3.9

1958 -3.7 -5.4 -5.0 -1.9 -2.8 1.8 -5.0 0.0 0.0 7.2 -1.9 -2.4 0.0

1959 8.6 8.6 5.3 9.8 11.4 12.3 7.9 10.0 8.3 2.7 3.8 12.5 5.7

1960 13.2 5.3 5.0 14.3 12.8 6.3 22.0 12.1 7.7 2.6 9.3 8.9 5.4

1961 3.9 2.5 9.5 6.3 4.5 5.9 4.0 5.4 3.6 1.3 6.8 6.1 5.1

1962 6.0 0.0 4.3 7.4 6.5 0.0 3.8 7.7 8.6 3.8 6.3 9.6 6.5

1963 9.2 9.8 8.3 11.0 12.2 2.8 5.6 11.9 4.8 2.4 4.5 5.3 4.5

1964 11.6 6.7 11.5 14.8 10.9 5.4 8.8 14.9 9.1 4.8 8.6 10.0 7.2

1965 8.1 4.2 6.9 10.8 6.6 5.1 3.2 7.4 5.6 0.0 3.9 9.1 4.1

1966 9.1 4.0 9.7 10.7 7.7 3.7 6.2 10.3 6.6 3.4 5.1 8.3 6.5

1967 5.4 0.0 5.9 7.9 5.7 2.4 10.3 4.7 4.9 3.3 2.4 5.1 3.7

1968 10.7 3.8 13.9 14.6 10.8 5.7 12.0 17.9 5.9 3.2 7.1 7.3 5.9

1969 14.7 7.4 9.8 17.0 12.2 5.4 6.0 16.5 5.6 0.0 2.2 8.0 6.7

1970 14.3 10.3 13.3 15.2 8.7 3.1 12.4 8.7 5.3 3.1 7.5 5.3 5.1

1971 12.2 7.8 11.8 14.2 7.0 2.0 1.0 9.0 5.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 4.4

1972 18.3 20.3 14.0 19.4 8.4 6.9 6.9 10.1 4.8 0.0 2.9 6.7 5.6

1973 38.6 45.8 47.7 34.4 12.1 0.9 10.2 14.2 8.2 4.9 6.5 9.8 6.9

1974 45.6 22.3 124.0 31.9 5.4 -4.5 -1.7 8.8 2.5 1.9 1.8 3.3 2.1

1975 4.7 1.4 -3.7 9.2 -7.3 1.0 -12.0 -4.0 -1.6 3.6 -6.0 -3.9 1.4

1976 13.3 10.7 16.4 13.0 11.8 7.5 6.8 12.6 6.7 0.9 8.3 8.2 5.1

1977 13.5 13.3 10.4 14.5 4.2 3.5 2.7 5.0 3.9 2.6 3.4 4.5 4.2

1978 15.8 13.3 3.8 21.6 4.7 6.8 5.3 5.9 4.5 3.4 0.8 5.1 4.6

1979 25.5 23.0 45.3 19.9 5.2 4.8 5.9 5.0 3.6 0.8 8.9 4.1 4.0

1980 21.8 13.8 41.8 15.9 2.5 6.8 -6.3 5.9 0.7 0.8 -2.2 0.7 2.9

1981 -1.5 -1.9 -3.2 -0.7 0.2 5.0 -9.9 4.0 -0.4 3.6 -7.9 0.2 2.0

1982 -6.4 -7.5 -10.6 -3.6 -3.1 -2.0 -5.8 -2.1 -1.4 3.2 -6.9 -1.4 0.8

1983 -1.9 -1.4 -8.0 0.5 2.7 0.2 -0.9 5.1 2.0 0.1 -0.9 3.1 2.9

1984 5.8 5.3 -0.9 8.1 8.1 2.8 4.8 10.8 6.3 5.3 3.8 7.2 4.6

1985 -0.2 -5.7 -3.2 3.8 2.5 -1.2 -1.2 4.8 2.5 2.4 -1.1 3.4 3.5

1986 9.5 11.1 -23.8 20.3 4.4 -1.7 9.1 4.1 2.8 1.8 3.0 3.1 3.4

1987 17.3 14.9 11.0 19.7 5.4 5.6 1.7 6.3 3.3 1.0 1.3 4.4 3.7

1988 13.4 13.1 0.9 16.1 7.9 2.7 5.6 9.5 4.9 1.7 5.3 5.7 4.5

1989 7.7 4.3 15.5 6.9 6.8 3.1 4.4 7.8 3.6 3.4 4.5 3.4 3.7

1990 13.0 4.7 15.3 14.7 4.9 1.0 3.2 6.1 1.3 2.5 1.0 1.0 2.6

1991 1.5 0.8 -6.2 3.3 3.7 3.3 3.4 3.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 0.8

1992 6.7 7.1 -0.9 8.0 4.6 6.0 4.4 4.7 0.2 2.3 0.8 -0.5 1.1

1993 -0.1 -4.1 -3.5 0.0 4.2 1.0 3.7 4.1 0.0 0.6 2.0 -0.6 0.9

1994 13.6 15.8 5.1 15.6 9.2 8.7 6.8 11.1 2.7 2.9 1.6 2.9 2.3

1995 19.4 17.3 15.5 20.0 7.4 4.4 4.1 9.0 4.1 2.1 1.9 5.1 2.3

1996 4.4 2.9 13.6 3.5 5.0 4.4 3.5 5.3 3.5 4.1 2.7 3.5 2.7

1997 3.4 -1.3 2.7 4.6 10.1 5.7 7.3 10.9 5.0 2.5 3.3 5.7 3.4

1998 -1.3 -4.7 -20.5 2.3 4.7 1.8 2.9 4.8 2.2 1.8 1.1 2.4 2.2

1999 3.9 -3.7 15.6 3.3 4.4 1.0 -0.4 5.1 3.2 3.2 -1.3 3.6 3.0

2000 12.8 0.9 47.6 10.1 10.9 4.6 5.8 12.9 5.0 1.7 3.7 5.9 4.2

2001 -3.9 0.3 -8.7 -3.7 -0.5 2.6 -0.3 -1.3 -0.7 1.3 -0.3 -1.2 1.5

2002 4.2 5.1 -0.7 4.3 2.7 2.7 0.3 2.9 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.8 1.8

a Includes unspecified products.Note: World merchandise production differs from world GDP in that it excludes services and construction. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table II.2

World merchandise trade by region and selected economy, 1948, 1953, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

1948 1953 1963 1973 1983 1993 2002

Exports

Value

World 58.0 84.0 157.0 579.0 1835.0 3671.0 6272.0

Share

World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

North America 27.3 24.2 19.3 16.9 15.4 16.6 15.1

Latin America 12.3 10.5 7.0 4.7 0.0 4.4 5.6

Mexico 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.4 5.8 1.4 2.6

Brazil 2.0 1.8 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.0

Argentina 2.8 1.3 0.9 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.4

Western Europe 31.5 34.9 41.4 45.4 38.9 44.0 42.4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a 6.0 8.1 11.0 9.1 9.5 2.9 5.0

Africa 7.3 6.5 5.7 4.8 4.4 2.5 2.2

South Africa b 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.5

Middle East 2.0 2.7 3.2 4.1 6.8 3.4 3.9

Asia 13.6 13.1 12.4 14.9 19.1 26.1 25.8

Japan 0.4 1.5 3.5 6.4 8.0 9.9 6.6

China 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.2 2.5 5.2

India 2.2 1.3 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8

Australia and New Zealand 3.7 3.2 2.4 2.1 1.4 1.5 1.3

Six East Asian traders 3.0 2.7 2.4 3.4 5.8 9.7 9.6

Memorandum item:

GATT/WTO Members c 60.4 68.7 72.8 81.8 76.0 89.5 94.6

Imports

Value

World 66.0 84.0 163.0 589.0 1881.0 3768.0 6510.0

Share

World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

North America 19.8 19.7 15.5 16.7 17.8 19.7 22.0

Latin America 10.6 9.3 6.8 5.1 4.5 5.1 5.4

Mexico 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.8 2.7

Brazil 1.7 1.6 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.8

Argentina 2.4 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.1

Western Europe 40.4 39.4 45.4 47.4 40.0 43.0 40.8

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a 5.8 7.6 10.3 8.9 8.4 2.9 4.6

Africa 7.6 7.0 5.5 4.0 4.6 2.6 2.1

South Africa b 2.2 1.5 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.4

Middle East 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.8 6.3 3.3 2.7

Asia 14.2 15.1 14.2 15.1 18.5 23.3 22.4

Japan 1.0 2.9 4.1 6.5 6.7 6.4 5.2

China 1.1 1.7 0.9 0.9 1.1 2.8 4.5

India 3.1 1.4 1.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.9

Australia and New Zealand 2.6 2.4 2.3 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.3

Six East Asian traders 3.0 3.4 3.1 3.7 6.1 9.9 8.4

Memorandum item:

GATT/WTO Members c 52.9 66.0 74.2 89.1 83.9 88.7 96.1

a Figures are significantly affected by: (i) changes in the country composition of the region and major adjustment in trade conversion factors between 1983 and1993; and (ii) the inclusion of the Baltic States and the CIS mutual trade between 1993 and 2002.b Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the Southern African Customs Union.c Membership as of the year stated.Note: Between 1973 and 1983 and between 1993 and 2002 export and import shares were significantly influenced by oil price developments.

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Table II.3

Merchandise trade of North America by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports a

1963 1973 1983 1993 2002 1963 1973 1983 1993 2002

Value

World 30.5 99.4 282.4 610.0 946.3 23.2 93.6 335.1 743.1 1430.7

Share

World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Intra-North America 25.4 33.5 34.2 35.6 40.3 34.3 36.6 28.8 27.1 24.8

Inter-regional trade 64.0 62.4 62.2 64.2 59.6 65.7 63.4 70.0 71.4 75.0

Latin America 12.3 10.6 9.9 13.3 16.1 19.4 11.4 13.9 11.1 15.6

Mexico 2.7 3.1 3.3 6.9 10.5 2.5 2.6 5.3 5.9 10.1

Other Latin America 9.6 7.6 6.6 6.3 5.6 17.0 8.8 8.5 5.3 5.5

Western Europe 27.6 24.8 21.7 20.2 17.9 24.3 23.9 18.7 18.0 19.8

European Union (15) 24.6 22.8 19.7 18.0 16.4 22.0 22.1 17.0 16.4 18.0

Other Western Europe 3.0 2.1 1.9 2.2 1.5 2.3 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1.1 2.2 1.6 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.2

C./E. Europe 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.5

Russian Federation - - - 0.5 0.3 - - - 0.3 0.5

Africa 3.5 2.5 3.1 1.7 1.2 3.8 3.6 4.7 2.3 1.8

South Africa 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.3 1.2 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.4

Other Africa 2.4 1.7 2.3 1.3 0.9 2.6 3.1 4.0 2.0 1.4

Middle East 1.9 2.4 4.5 2.9 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.6

Asia 17.6 19.9 21.5 25.0 21.5 15.9 21.7 29.8 37.1 34.0

Japan 6.6 10.1 8.9 8.9 6.0 7.0 11.4 14.1 16.0 9.4

China 0.3 1.0 1.2 1.7 2.6 0.0 0.1 0.8 4.9 10.1

Six East Asian traders 2.4 4.3 7.1 10.8 9.6 2.4 6.1 10.5 12.6 10.1

Other Asia 8.3 4.5 4.2 3.7 3.3 6.5 4.0 4.5 3.7 4.4

Total merchandise 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agricultural products 29.0 27.6 21.3 14.1 10.7 29.2 16.6 10.0 7.3 6.2

Food 20.9 20.5 15.8 9.6 7.6 20.6 12.5 7.5 5.4 4.8

Raw materials 8.1 7.0 5.5 4.5 3.1 8.6 4.1 2.4 1.9 1.4

Mining products 12.2 10.9 11.5 7.1 7.2 20.4 16.3 23.2 11.0 11.2

Ores and other minerals 4.4 4.0 2.5 1.3 1.0 5.4 2.2 1.5 0.9 0.5

Fuels 4.2 4.2 7.1 4.1 4.6 10.7 11.0 19.2 8.7 9.3

Non-ferrous metals 3.6 2.8 1.9 1.7 1.5 4.3 3.0 2.5 1.4 1.4

Manufactures 53.2 57.8 62.9 72.9 76.9 47.4 64.9 62.9 77.1 78.5

Iron and steel 2.3 1.8 1.1 1.0 1.0 3.7 3.9 2.5 1.8 1.4

Chemicals 7.2 6.6 8.5 8.7 10.2 4.1 3.9 4.6 5.5 7.7

Other semi-manufactures 7.2 6.1 5.8 6.3 7.0 10.4 8.3 6.7 6.8 7.2

Machinery and transport equipment 29.1 37.1 40.1 46.2 47.1 17.4 36.1 35.8 44.7 43.9

Power generating machinery 0.5 0.4 2.2 2.3 2.7 0.1 0.2 0.8 1.4 1.7

Other non-electrical machinery 11.4 8.9 7.7 7.8 7.7 6.1 6.2 5.1 6.4 5.6

Office and telecom equipment 3.5 5.1 8.7 12.0 12.6 2.5 6.1 8.7 14.4 13.6

Electrical machinery and apparatus 2.9 3.1 2.6 3.9 4.3 1.6 2.6 2.6 4.2 4.3

Automotive products 6.0 13.4 11.9 13.2 13.1 5.6 18.2 16.2 15.9 15.7

Other transport equipment 4.9 6.2 6.9 7.0 6.8 1.6 2.9 2.5 2.4 3.2

Textiles 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.4 4.1 2.5 1.4 1.6 1.5

Clothing 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.8 1.9 2.7 3.4 5.1 5.0

Other consumer goods 5.3 4.3 6.1 8.5 9.3 5.9 7.5 8.5 11.7 11.9

a Imports of Canada are valued f.o.b.

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Table II.4

Merchandise trade of Western Europe by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

1963 1973 1983 1993 2002 1963 1973 1983 1993 2002

Value

World 63.7 258.9 715.5 1615.7 2657.3 73.4 277.4 753.8 1621.7 2658.9

Share

World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Intra-Western Europe 64.1 69.2 65.2 67.5 67.3 56.1 64.3 61.7 67.6 67.3

European Union (15) 56.3 61.8 59.1 61.5 61.7 51.8 59.8 56.1 62.1 62.1

Other Western Europe 7.8 7.4 6.0 6.0 5.6 4.3 4.5 5.6 5.5 5.2

Inter-regional trade 35.2 29.7 33.5 29.3 31.4 43.8 34.7 37.5 30.9 31.5

North America 8.8 8.6 8.4 7.9 10.2 13.9 9.6 8.9 8.1 7.3

Latin America 4.5 3.3 2.2 2.4 2.1 6.2 3.6 3.5 2.0 2.0

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 4.0 4.5 4.3 3.8 6.3 4.2 3.9 5.4 3.6 6.5

C./E. Europe 2.4 3.0 1.7 2.4 4.3 2.4 2.5 1.9 1.8 4.0

Russian Federation - - - 1.0 1.2 - - - 1.4 1.7

Africa 7.7 5.2 6.1 3.0 2.5 7.6 5.7 6.6 3.1 2.8

North Africa 2.5 1.8 3.1 1.5 1.2 2.5 2.0 3.4 1.6 1.4

Sub-Saharan Africa 5.2 3.4 3.0 1.5 1.3 5.1 3.7 3.2 1.6 1.4

South Africa 1.6 1.1 0.8 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6

Other Sub-Saharan Africa 3.6 2.3 2.2 1.1 0.8 4.1 3.0 2.5 1.0 0.9

Middle East 2.5 2.7 6.7 3.3 2.6 4.9 5.6 5.6 2.1 1.6

Asia 7.6 5.3 5.7 8.8 7.8 7.0 6.3 7.5 11.9 11.3

Japan 1.0 1.4 1.2 2.0 1.7 0.9 2.2 3.3 4.5 2.6

China 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.5 3.1

Australia and New Zealand 2.2 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.7 2.5 1.2 0.6 0.4 0.4

Six East Asian traders 1.5 1.3 1.8 3.7 3.1 1.2 1.5 2.3 3.9 3.5

Other Asia 2.7 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.1 2.2 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.7

Total merchandise 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agricultural products 18.3 15.5 13.0 11.9 9.4 32.8 22.7 15.5 13.1 10.2

Food 12.4 11.7 10.5 10.2 7.9 22.1 16.4 11.8 10.7 8.3

Raw materials 5.8 3.8 2.5 1.7 1.5 10.6 6.3 3.7 2.4 1.9

Mining products 8.5 7.6 13.0 6.6 6.9 18.6 17.7 26.3 10.8 10.7

Ores and other minerals 1.7 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 3.5 2.9 2.2 1.4 1.1

Fuels 4.3 3.6 9.6 4.2 4.7 11.5 11.2 21.7 7.5 7.7

Non-ferrous metals 2.5 2.8 2.4 1.7 1.6 3.6 3.6 2.4 1.9 1.9

Manufactures 71.8 75.8 71.7 77.8 80.7 46.6 58.9 56.0 72.5 75.7

Iron and steel 6.8 6.4 4.4 3.3 2.5 4.7 4.8 2.9 2.6 2.3

Chemicals 8.6 10.2 11.7 12.4 15.0 6.0 7.9 9.0 10.1 12.4

Other semi-manufactures 9.3 10.1 9.6 9.5 8.6 6.4 8.5 7.3 8.6 7.9

Machinery and transport equipment 32.8 34.0 31.7 36.5 40.6 19.8 24.7 23.9 33.6 38.1

Power generating machinery 0.5 0.4 1.4 1.6 1.9 0.2 0.3 1.0 1.3 1.7

Other non-electrical machinery 12.1 11.6 9.8 10.2 9.0 7.6 7.6 5.6 6.6 6.3

Office and telecom equipment 3.2 4.0 4.3 6.4 9.0 2.4 4.0 5.4 9.1 11.0

Electrical machinery and apparatus 4.1 4.5 3.5 4.3 4.1 2.7 3.5 2.6 4.0 4.0

Automotive products 8.6 9.5 8.8 10.0 11.7 4.4 6.3 6.5 9.0 10.1

Other transport equipment 4.3 4.0 3.9 3.9 5.0 2.4 3.0 2.7 3.6 4.9

Textiles 6.1 5.1 3.5 3.1 2.2 4.3 4.2 3.0 2.9 2.0

Clothing 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.9 2.3 1.4 2.6 2.7 4.4 3.4

Other consumer goods 6.4 7.6 8.5 10.0 9.5 4.0 6.1 7.1 10.3 9.6

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Table II.5

Merchandise trade of Japan by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

1963 1973 1983 1993 2002 1963 1973 1983 1993 2002

Value

World 5.5 36.9 147.0 362.2 416.7 6.7 38.3 126.4 241.6 337.2

Share

World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

North America 30.2 28.7 32.0 31.1 30.7 35.6 29.5 23.1 26.5 19.5

Latin America 5.8 5.8 4.0 4.4 2.5 8.4 5.1 5.0 3.3 2.6

Western Europe 13.3 17.9 15.8 18.1 15.7 10.0 10.6 8.8 15.3 14.4

European Union (15) 11.6 15.2 14.5 16.6 14.7 8.9 9.3 7.4 13.6 13.0

Other Western Europe 1.7 2.7 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 3.3 2.2 2.4 0.6 0.7 2.7 3.2 1.4 1.4 1.4

C./E. Europe 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3

Russian Federation - - - 0.4 0.2 - - - 1.1 1.0

Africa 6.3 4.1 3.6 2.0 0.9 3.9 4.5 2.6 1.6 1.7

South Africa 1.5 1.6 1.2 0.6 0.4 1.9 1.5 1.3 0.8 0.9

Other Africa 4.8 2.4 2.4 1.5 0.6 2.0 3.1 1.3 0.8 0.8

Middle East 3.2 4.1 10.7 3.4 2.7 11.2 12.5 26.5 11.3 12.1

Asia 34.9 31.6 31.0 40.0 45.5 28.2 34.5 32.6 40.3 48.4

China a 1.1 2.8 3.3 4.7 9.6 1.1 2.5 4.0 8.5 18.3

Six East Asian traders 15.8 18.0 17.8 28.2 28.5 8.4 9.8 9.7 17.0 17.0

Australia and New Zealand 3.7 3.9 3.6 2.5 2.3 8.4 10.2 6.0 5.8 4.7

Other Asia 14.2 6.9 6.3 4.6 5.2 10.3 12.0 12.9 9.1 8.4

Total merchandise 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agricultural products 8.8 4.1 1.8 1.0 1.1 44.5 36.0 20.7 24.6 16.3

Food 5.9 2.4 1.0 0.6 0.5 20.8 18.9 13.6 17.3 13.3

Raw materials 3.0 1.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 23.7 17.1 7.2 7.2 3.1

Mining products 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.6 32.9 37.7 55.9 26.8 24.2

Ores and other minerals 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 13.0 11.6 5.9 3.6 2.7

Fuels 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 18.0 21.8 46.7 20.4 19.5

Non-ferrous metals 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.9 4.4 3.2 2.7 2.1

Manufactures 90.0 93.7 95.7 95.5 93.0 22.6 25.8 21.4 46.2 57.5

Iron and steel 12.9 14.4 8.7 4.0 3.7 1.3 0.6 1.1 1.7 0.7

Chemicals 5.8 5.8 4.7 5.6 8.0 5.5 4.9 5.6 7.3 7.6

Other semi-manufactures 11.7 7.0 6.3 4.4 4.3 1.2 3.9 2.1 4.9 4.3

Machinery and transport equipment 28.4 51.7 63.8 71.8 67.2 12.0 8.3 7.0 16.9 27.9

Power generating machinery 0.2 0.5 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.8 1.4

Other non-electrical machinery 5.6 8.1 10.3 12.4 11.5 5.4 2.8 1.6 2.7 3.2

Office and telecom equipment 6.8 12.7 18.4 23.3 19.5 2.1 2.1 1.9 6.8 14.6

Electrical machinery and apparatus 3.6 4.3 5.1 6.4 6.7 1.3 1.3 0.9 2.1 4.0

Automotive products 3.4 12.0 20.9 22.1 22.2 0.5 0.6 0.5 2.7 2.9

Other transport equipment 8.7 14.1 7.7 6.2 5.9 1.9 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.7

Textiles 16.8 6.6 3.6 1.9 1.4 0.6 3.0 1.2 1.6 1.3

Clothing 3.9 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.2 5.2 5.2

Other consumer goods 10.5 7.1 8.1 7.7 8.3 1.8 3.7 3.3 8.5 10.4

a Excludes significant shipments recorded as exports to Hong Kong, China with China as final destination.

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III. Trade by region1. Overview

Exports

North America Latin America

Western Europe Africa

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS Middle East

Asia World

Imports

-25

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Chart III.1

Value of world merchandise trade by region, 1995-02

(Annual percentage change in value)

2000 2001

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Exports Imports

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2002200120001999199819971996

North America Latin America

Western Europe C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Asia World

Chart III.2

Volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1995-02

(Annual percentage change)

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Table III.2

World merchandise imports by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1990 1995 2000 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 6510 100.0 100.0 100.0 5 13 -4 4

North America 1431 18.3 18.3 23.1 10 18 -6 2

United States 1202 14.8 15.0 19.3 10 19 -6 2

Latin America 350 3.7 4.9 5.9 9 16 -2 -7

Mexico 173 1.2 1.5 2.8 19 23 -4 0

Western Europe 2659 48.7 43.4 40.1 3 7 -2 4

European Union (15) 2447 44.6 39.9 36.9 3 6 -2 4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 299 3.3 3.8 3.7 4 14 11 11

Central and Eastern Europe 177 1.4 1.9 2.3 9 13 9 11

Russian Federation 61 - 1.2 0.7 -6 13 20 13

Africa 135 2.8 2.5 2.0 0 1 2 2

South Africa 29 0.5 0.6 0.5 -1 11 -5 4

Middle East 178 2.9 2.5 2.4 4 12 6 7

Asia 1458 20.3 24.5 22.8 3 23 -7 6

Japan 337 6.7 6.5 5.8 2 22 -8 -3

China 295 1.5 2.6 3.5 11 36 8 21

Six East Asian traders 550 8.0 11.0 9.4 2 26 -13 4

Memorandum item:

NAFTA (3) 1603 19.6 19.8 25.8 11 18 -6 1

MERCOSUR (4) 62 0.8 1.6 1.4 2 9 -6 -26

ASEAN (10) 353 4.6 6.9 5.6 1 22 -8 5

Table III.1

World merchandise exports by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1990 1995 2000 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 6272 100.0 100.0 100.0 5 13 -4 4

North America 946 15.4 15.5 16.9 6 14 -6 -4

United States 694 11.6 11.7 12.5 6 13 -6 -5

Latin America 350 4.3 4.6 5.8 10 20 -3 0

Mexico 161 1.2 1.6 2.7 16 22 -5 1

Western Europe 2657 48.3 44.8 40.0 2 4 0 6

European Union (15) 2449 44.4 41.5 37.0 2 4 0 6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 314 3.1 3.9 4.3 7 26 5 10

Central and Eastern Europe 148 1.4 1.6 1.9 8 14 12 14

Russian Federation 107 - 1.6 1.7 5 40 -2 4

Africa 140 3.1 2.2 2.3 6 26 -6 2

South Africa 30 0.7 0.6 0.5 1 12 -2 2

Middle East 244 4.1 3.0 4.3 12 43 -8 0

Asia 1620 21.8 26.0 26.4 5 19 -9 8

Japan 417 8.5 8.8 7.6 2 14 -16 3

China 326 1.8 3.0 4.0 11 28 7 22

Six East Asian traders 603 7.8 10.3 10.4 5 19 -12 6

Memorandum item:

NAFTA (3) 1107 16.5 17.1 19.5 7 15 -6 -4

MERCOSUR (4) 89 1.4 1.4 1.4 4 14 4 1

ASEAN (10) 405 4.2 6.4 6.8 6 19 -10 5

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Table III.3

Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Destination C./E. Europe/

North Latin Western Baltic MiddleOrigin America America Europe States/CIS Africa East Asia World

Value

North America 382 152 170 7 12 20 204 946

Latin America 215 54 44 3 4 5 23 350

Western Europe 270 55 1787 168 66 68 208 2657

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 14 6 176 80 4 7 24 314

Africa 24 5 71 1 11 3 24 140

Middle East 38 3 40 2 9 17 116 244

Asia 394 39 260 21 26 48 792 1620

World 1336 315 2549 282 133 169 1391 6272

Share of inter-regional trade flows in each region's total merchandise exports

North America 40.3 16.1 17.9 0.7 1.2 2.1 21.5 100.0

Latin America 61.3 15.4 12.6 1.0 1.2 1.3 6.7 100.0

Western Europe 10.2 2.1 67.3 6.3 2.5 2.6 7.8 100.0

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 4.5 1.9 56.2 25.5 1.2 2.4 7.7 100.0

Africa 17.0 3.3 50.9 0.7 8.1 2.3 16.8 100.0

Middle East 15.5 1.4 16.4 0.8 3.8 7.1 47.4 100.0

Asia 24.3 2.4 16.0 1.3 1.6 3.0 48.9 100.0

World 21.3 5.0 40.6 4.5 2.1 2.7 22.2 100.0

Share of regional trade flows in world merchandise exports

North America 6.1 2.4 2.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 3.2 15.1

Latin America 3.4 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 5.6

Western Europe 4.3 0.9 28.5 2.7 1.1 1.1 3.3 42.4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 0.2 0.1 2.8 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 5.0

Africa 0.4 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.4 2.2

Middle East 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.3 1.8 3.9

Asia 6.3 0.6 4.1 0.3 0.4 0.8 12.6 25.8

World 21.3 5.0 40.6 4.5 2.1 2.7 22.2 100.0

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Exports Imports

-15

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2002200120001999199819971996-15

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2002200120001999199819971996

North America Latin America

Western Europe Africa

Asia World

Chart III.3

World trade in commercial services by selected region, 1995-02

(Annual percentage change in value)

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Table III.4

World exports of commercial services by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1990 1995 2000 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 1570 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 6 0 6

North America 309 19.3 18.8 21.4 7 7 -3 1

United States 273 17.0 16.6 18.8 7 7 -3 1

Latin America 56 3.8 3.7 4.0 6 11 -2 -4

Mexico 12 0.9 0.8 0.9 7 17 -7 -1

Brazil 9 0.5 0.5 0.6 8 30 -3 1

Western Europe 763 53.3 47.8 46.3 4 2 2 9

European Union (15) 686 47.2 42.6 41.1 4 1 3 10

United Kingdom 123 6.9 6.4 7.8 8 3 -5 12

Germany 100 6.6 6.3 5.6 2 -1 1 20

France 86 8.5 7.0 5.4 -1 -2 0 7

Spain 62 3.5 3.3 3.6 6 0 9 7

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 60 2.6 3.8 3.4 2 10 7 10

Russian Federation 13 ... 0.9 0.6 -2 5 10 22

Africa 31 2.4 2.2 2.0 3 0 0 2

Egypt 9 0.6 0.7 0.7 3 4 -9 2

South Africa 4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1 -3 -7 0

Middle East 29 1.8 1.7 2.2 10 18 -10 -1

Israel 10 0.6 0.7 1.0 14 33 -21 -13

Asia 322 16.8 22.0 20.6 3 12 -1 7

Japan 65 5.3 5.4 4.6 1 13 -7 2

Hong Kong, China 45 2.3 2.9 2.8 3 13 2 9

China 39 0.7 1.6 2.0 10 15 9 20

Korea, Republic of 27 1.2 1.9 2.0 6 15 -6 -4

Singapore 27 1.6 2.5 1.8 -2 13 -2 3

India 24 0.6 0.6 1.2 21 26 19 12

Taipei, Chinese 21 0.9 1.3 1.3 6 16 -2 9

Australia 17 1.3 1.3 1.2 3 6 -12 5

Thailand 15 0.8 1.2 0.9 -1 -5 -6 18

Malaysia 15 0.5 1.0 0.9 4 17 4 3

Indonesia 5 0.3 0.4 0.3 -1 14 6 0

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Table III.5

World imports of commercial services by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1990 1995 2000 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 1545 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 6 1 5

North America 248 15.4 13.5 17.0 9 12 -1 1

United States 206 12.0 10.7 14.0 10 13 -2 2

Latin America 65 4.3 4.6 4.8 5 11 1 -9

Mexico 17 1.2 0.8 1.1 13 19 -1 3

Brazil 14 0.8 1.1 1.1 3 17 2 -14

Western Europe 716 48.2 44.7 43.9 4 2 3 9

European Union (15) 669 42.9 41.4 40.8 4 2 3 9

Germany 149 9.7 10.5 9.2 1 -3 2 9

United Kingdom 101 5.5 5.2 6.6 9 5 -3 9

France 68 6.2 5.4 4.1 -1 -6 3 10

Italy 61 5.7 4.6 3.7 0 -3 3 10

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 65 3.0 3.8 3.4 2 15 12 16

Russian Federation 21 ... 1.7 1.1 -4 22 14 16

Africa 40 3.3 2.9 2.7 2 5 2 2

Egypt 6 0.4 0.4 0.5 10 20 -11 -5

South Africa 5 0.4 0.5 0.4 -1 0 -9 3

Middle East 45 4.0 3.1 3.3 5 9 -6 1

Israel 11 0.6 0.7 0.8 8 17 0 -9

Asia 367 21.9 27.5 24.9 2 8 -2 3

Japan 107 10.3 10.2 7.9 -1 1 -7 0

China 46 0.5 2.1 2.5 8 16 9 18

Korea, Republic of 35 1.2 2.1 2.3 5 23 -2 8

Taipei, Chinese 24 1.7 1.9 1.8 2 11 -8 3

Hong Kong, China 24 1.4 1.7 1.7 3 4 -1 0

India 22 0.7 0.8 1.3 14 15 17 -5

Singapore 21 1.1 1.4 1.5 5 13 -6 1

Australia 17 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 -1 -7 7

Thailand 17 0.8 1.6 1.0 -4 14 -6 14

Malaysia 16 0.7 1.2 1.1 2 14 0 -2

Indonesia 16 0.7 1.1 1.0 2 30 6 2

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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Note: Excluding intra-EU trade

UnitedStates

EuropeanUnion (15)

Japan UnitedStates

EuropeanUnion (15)

Japan

Exports

European Union (15)

United States

Japan

Other

Imports

Chart III.4

Trade in commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2001

(Billion dollars)

Table III.7

Imports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2001

(Percentage)

World United States EU (15) Japan Other economies

World 100 19 19 4 57

United States 100 - 38 8 54

European Union (15) 100 40 - 4 56

Japan 100 33 20 - 47

Other economies 100 15 21 4 60

Note: Excluding intra-EU trade.

Table III.6

Exports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2001

(Percentage)

World United States EU (15) Japan Other economies

World 100 14 18 7 61

United States 100 - 33 11 56

European Union (15) 100 38 - 6 56

Japan 100 32 21 - 47

Other economies 100 9 19 7 65

Note: Excluding intra-EU trade.

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2. North America

Table III.8

Merchandise trade of North America, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value 946 1431

Share in world merchandise trade 15.1 22.0

Annual percentage change

Value

1980-85 1 61985-90 11 81990-95 8 81995-00 6 10

2000 14 182001 -6 -62002 -5 2

Volume

1980-85 -0.5 7.01985-90 8.5 5.01990-95 7.0 7.01995-00 7.0 10.5

2000 9.5 11.02001 -5.5 -3.52002 -3.0 4.0

Table III.9

Merchandise trade of North America by regionand by major product group, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Imports Exports Imports

Total 946 1431 100.0 100.0

Region

North America 382 355 40.3 24.8

Latin America 152 223 16.1 15.6

Western Europe 170 283 17.9 19.8

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 7 17 0.7 1.2

Africa 12 25 1.2 1.8

Middle East 20 38 2.1 2.6

Asia 204 487 21.5 34.0

Product group

Agricultural products 101 88 10.7 6.2

Mining products 68 161 7.2 11.2

Manufactures 728 1123 76.9 78.5

Chart III.5Merchandise trade of North America,1990-02(Billion dollars)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.6

Share of North America in world merchandise trade, 1990-02(Percentage based on value data)

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Table III.10

Merchandise exports of North America by product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in exports Share inValue of North America world exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise exports 946.3 100.0 100.0 15.6 15.1 6 14 -6 -4

Agricultural products 101.4 14.5 10.7 19.3 17.4 -1 8 -3 -2

Food 71.9 9.4 7.6 16.3 15.3 0 5 2 -2

Raw materials 29.5 5.1 3.1 28.9 25.9 -3 14 -12 -2

Mining products 67.8 7.1 7.2 10.4 8.6 7 44 -2 -9

Ores and other minerals 9.9 1.5 1.0 19.3 15.8 -3 16 -1 0

Fuels 43.6 3.6 4.6 7.6 7.1 12 65 0 -12

Non-ferrous metals 14.3 2.0 1.5 14.7 13.0 1 17 -9 -5

Manufactures 727.8 73.3 76.9 15.4 15.5 8 12 -7 -5

Iron and steel 9.1 1.1 1.0 5.8 6.4 1 14 -8 4

Chemicals 96.6 9.4 10.2 15.1 14.6 6 15 0 -1

Other semi-manufactures 66.7 6.7 7.0 13.3 14.5 7 12 -6 -1

Machinery and transport equipment 446.2 45.9 47.1 18.5 17.6 8 11 -9 -6

Automotive products 123.5 12.4 13.1 21.1 19.9 6 4 -7 4

Office and telecom equipment 119.0 14.1 12.6 18.1 14.2 10 25 -20 -15

Other machinery and transport equipment 203.6 19.4 21.5 17.3 18.9 8 7 -2 -6

Textiles 12.9 1.1 1.4 5.8 8.5 9 14 -4 2

Clothing 8.0 1.0 0.8 4.8 4.0 7 6 -16 -10

Other consumer goods 88.3 8.1 9.3 14.6 16.0 9 17 -5 -6

Table III.11

Merchandise imports of North America by product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in imports Share inValue of North America world imports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise imports 1430.7 100.0 100.0 18.3 22.0 10 17 -6 2

Agricultural products 88.2 7.0 6.2 10.6 14.1 5 5 -1 5

Food 68.8 4.9 4.8 9.7 13.7 7 5 2 6

Raw materials 19.4 2.0 1.4 13.4 15.8 2 4 -8 0

Mining products 160.7 10.1 11.2 17.0 19.5 15 62 -8 -7

Ores and other minerals 7.7 0.9 0.5 12.9 11.0 0 8 -9 -5

Fuels 133.3 7.3 9.3 18.0 20.8 17 76 -7 -6

Non-ferrous metals 19.6 1.8 1.4 16.0 17.5 8 25 -11 -13

Manufactures 1123.5 79.1 78.5 19.6 23.1 10 14 -7 3

Iron and steel 20.2 2.0 1.4 11.6 13.2 5 19 -22 5

Chemicals 110.4 5.9 7.7 11.1 16.2 12 16 6 8

Other semi-manufactures 102.8 7.0 7.2 16.0 21.1 10 12 -6 6

Machinery and transport equipment 627.6 47.1 43.9 22.7 24.2 9 14 -10 1

Automotive products 224.3 15.0 15.7 30.7 35.5 9 8 -4 8

Office and telecom equipment 194.4 17.0 13.6 26.2 22.7 9 22 -20 -1

Other machinery and transport equipment 208.9 15.0 14.6 16.0 18.9 10 12 -5 -3

Textiles 20.9 1.5 1.5 8.7 13.0 8 10 -4 8

Clothing 71.0 4.7 5.0 26.9 33.8 10 14 -1 1

Other consumer goods 170.5 11.0 11.9 23.2 29.4 10 13 -2 5

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Table III.12

Merchandise exports of North America by destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 946.3 100.0 100.0 6 14 -6 -4

Intra-North America 381.7 35.9 40.3 8 13 -7 -2

Asia 203.6 27.2 21.5 2 17 -10 -2

Japan 56.8 9.4 6.0 0 13 -12 -10

China 24.7 1.8 2.6 6 26 17 12

Korea, Republic of 23.9 3.5 2.5 1 21 -20 2

Hong Kong, China 13.4 2.0 1.4 0 16 -4 -10

Western Europe 169.8 19.0 17.9 6 8 -4 -10

European Union (15) 155.3 17.5 16.4 6 7 -4 -9

Latin America 152.3 12.9 16.1 12 20 -6 -7

Mexico 99.1 6.1 10.5 19 28 -9 -4

Brazil 12.9 1.6 1.4 5 15 3 -22

Middle East 19.9 2.4 2.1 1 -9 1 -2

Africa 11.7 1.4 1.2 2 9 11 -12

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 7.1 0.8 0.7 1 8 11 -3

Inter-regional trade 564.4 63.8 59.6 5 14 -6 -6

Table III.13

Merchandise imports of North America by origin, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 1430.7 100.0 100.0 10 17 -6 2

Asia 486.6 34.4 34.0 8 17 -10 5

China 144.3 2.7 10.1 17 23 2 22

Japan 135.0 15.9 9.4 4 12 -14 -3

Korea, Republic of 40.0 3.3 2.8 11 30 -13 1

Taipei, Chinese 36.2 4.0 2.5 7 14 -17 -4

Singapore 15.7 1.6 1.1 1 6 -22 -2

Hong Kong, China 10.4 1.7 0.7 2 9 -16 -4

Intra-North America 354.6 26.3 24.8 9 12 -7 -2

Western Europe 282.9 20.3 19.8 10 13 -1 3

European Union (15) 258.1 18.4 18.0 11 13 0 2

Latin America 223.4 11.1 15.6 15 24 -5 3

Mexico 144.9 5.0 10.1 17 24 -3 3

Brazil 17.9 1.4 1.3 9 22 4 10

Middle East 37.7 3.2 2.6 19 54 -5 -7

Africa 25.4 2.8 1.8 12 60 -9 -11

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 16.7 0.4 1.2 17 38 -12 4

Inter-regional trade 1072.6 72.3 75.0 11 20 -6 3

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Table III.14

Merchandise exports and imports of Canada and the United States, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Annual percentage change

Value Value Volume

2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

North America 946 6 14 -6 -4 7.0 9.5 -5.5 -3.0

Canada 252 8 16 -6 -3 8.5 9.0 -4.5 0.5

United States 694 6 13 -6 -5 7.0 9.5 -5.5 -4.0

Importers

North America 1431 10 18 -6 2 10.5 11.0 -3.5 4.0

Canada 227 8 11 -7 0 9.5 9.5 -6.0 1.0

United States 1202 10 19 -6 2 10.5 11.5 -3.0 4.5

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Table III.15

Merchandise trade of Canada by region and economy, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports a

Destination Annual Origin Annualpercentage percentage

Value Share change Value Share change

2002 1995 2002 2001 2002 2002 1995 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 252.42 100.0 100.0 -6 -3 World 222.26 100.0 100.0 -8 0

North America 220.20 79.2 87.2 -6 -3 North America 139.17 66.8 62.6 -9 -1

Asia 13.69 10.1 5.4 -9 2 Asia 33.80 14.1 15.2 -10 8

Western Europe 12.27 7.0 4.9 -7 -4 Western Europe 28.68 11.6 12.9 -3 1

Latin America 3.81 2.1 1.5 7 -15 Latin America 12.50 4.2 5.6 -2 3

Africa 1.05 0.7 0.4 -5 5 Africa 2.00 0.8 0.9 -20 34

Middle East 0.94 0.6 0.4 -12 -10 Middle East 1.69 0.4 0.8 -4 3

C./E. Europe/ C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 0.47 0.2 0.2 6 3 Baltic States/CIS 0.97 0.4 0.4 -22 1

Economy Economy

United States 220.11 79.2 87.2 -6 -3 United States 139.17 66.8 62.6 -9 -1

European Union (15) 11.09 6.4 4.4 -7 -6 European Union (15) 24.83 10.0 11.2 0 0

Japan 5.35 4.6 2.1 -13 1 China 10.19 2.1 4.6 8 24

China 2.61 1.3 1.0 9 -5 Japan 9.83 5.4 4.4 -15 4

Mexico 1.54 0.4 0.6 28 -12 Mexico 8.10 2.4 3.6 -4 3

Above 5 240.70 91.9 95.4 -6 -3 Above 5 192.12 86.6 86.4 -7 0

Korea, Republic of 1.27 1.0 0.5 -15 0 Korea, Republic of 3.10 1.4 1.4 -14 4

Hong Kong, China 0.77 0.7 0.3 -13 0 Taipei, Chinese 2.70 1.2 1.2 -15 -5

Australia 0.74 0.5 0.3 -13 8 Norway 2.51 1.0 1.1 -23 11

Taipei, Chinese 0.71 0.7 0.3 -17 12 Malaysia 1.29 0.7 0.6 -27 5

Norway 0.59 0.3 0.2 24 -7 Brazil 1.22 0.5 0.5 -2 23

Brazil 0.49 0.5 0.2 -18 -17 Thailand 1.13 0.4 0.5 -3 4

India 0.43 0.2 0.2 27 1 Algeria 1.10 0.2 0.5 -12 49

Venezuela 0.35 0.3 0.1 23 -33 Australia 1.10 0.6 0.5 0 6

Thailand 0.34 0.2 0.1 16 17 Switzerland 0.97 0.4 0.4 -4 7

Switzerland 0.33 0.2 0.1 -37 50 India 0.85 0.2 0.4 -10 14

Indonesia 0.31 0.3 0.1 -37 5 Venezuela 0.78 0.3 0.4 -8 -10

Malaysia 0.31 0.2 0.1 -19 41 Philippines 0.71 0.2 0.3 -33 12

Singapore 0.31 0.2 0.1 1 24 Iraq 0.70 0.0 0.3 23 23

Algeria 0.27 0.2 0.1 -42 42 Hong Kong, China 0.64 0.6 0.3 -19 -20

Israel 0.25 0.1 0.1 7 12 Singapore 0.63 0.6 0.3 -22 -14

Saudi Arabia 0.23 0.2 0.1 -3 7 Indonesia 0.61 0.3 0.3 4 -1

Colombia 0.21 0.1 0.1 14 -11 Saudi Arabia 0.48 0.2 0.2 -16 -8

Philippines 0.19 0.1 0.1 -15 -14 Chile 0.43 0.1 0.2 11 3

Chile 0.18 0.1 0.1 -21 -24 Israel 0.40 0.1 0.2 0 0

Cuba 0.18 0.1 0.1 15 -31 New Zealand 0.35 0.1 0.2 -3 5

United Arab Emirates 0.17 0.1 0.1 -12 31 South Africa 0.31 0.2 0.1 -14 7

Turkey 0.17 0.1 0.1 -36 53 Turkey 0.26 0.1 0.1 4 25

South Africa 0.16 0.1 0.1 -26 34 Colombia 0.25 0.2 0.1 20 -7

Russian Federation 0.16 0.1 0.1 40 -16 Russian Federation 0.24 0.2 0.1 -48 4

New Zealand 0.14 0.1 0.1 9 -4 Cuba 0.21 0.1 0.1 -15 -11

Above 30 249.95 98.6 99.0 - - Above 30 215.06 96.6 96.8 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table III.16

Merchandise trade of the United States by region and economy, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Destination Annual Origin Annualpercentage percentage

Value Share change Value Share change

2002 1995 2002 2001 2002 2002 1995 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 693.2 100.0 100.0 -6 -5 World 1202.4 100.0 100.0 -6 2

Asia 189.7 32.9 27.4 -10 -2 Asia 450.7 41.8 37.5 -10 5

North America 161.2 21.6 23.3 -7 -2 Western Europe 253.0 19.6 21.0 -1 3

Western Europe 157.4 23.0 22.7 -3 -10 North America 213.9 19.2 17.8 -5 -3

Latin America 148.4 16.4 21.4 -6 -7 Latin America 209.9 14.0 17.5 -5 3

Middle East 18.9 3.0 2.7 2 -2 Middle East 35.8 2.3 3.0 -5 -7

Africa 10.7 1.7 1.5 13 -14 Africa 23.3 2.1 1.9 -8 -13

C./E. Europe/ C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 6.6 1.0 1.0 12 -4 Baltic States/CIS 15.6 1.0 1.3 -11 4

Economy Economy

Canada 160.8 21.6 23.2 -7 -2 European Union (15) 232.1 17.7 19.3 0 3

European Union (15) 144.1 21.1 20.8 -3 -10 Canada 213.9 19.2 17.8 -5 -3

Mexico 97.5 7.9 14.1 -9 -4 Mexico 136.1 8.1 11.3 -3 3

Japan 51.4 11.0 7.4 -12 -11 China 133.5 6.3 11.1 2 22

Korea, Republic of 22.6 4.3 3.3 -20 2 Japan 124.6 16.5 10.4 -14 -4

Above 5 476.4 65.9 68.7 -8 -6 Above 5 840.3 67.9 69.9 -4 3

China 22.1 2.0 3.2 18 15 Korea, Republic of 36.9 3.2 3.1 -13 1

Taipei, Chinese 18.4 3.3 2.7 -26 1 Taipei, Chinese 33.5 3.9 2.8 -18 -4

Singapore 16.2 2.6 2.3 -1 -8 Malaysia 24.7 2.3 2.1 -13 7

Australia 13.1 1.8 1.9 -12 20 Brazil 16.7 1.2 1.4 4 10

Hong Kong, China 12.6 2.4 1.8 -4 -10 Venezuela 15.8 1.4 1.3 -18 -2

Brazil 12.4 2.0 1.8 4 -22 Thailand 15.7 1.5 1.3 -10 1

Malaysia 10.3 1.5 1.5 -15 10 Singapore 15.1 2.5 1.3 -22 -1

Switzerland 7.8 1.1 1.1 -1 -21 Saudi Arabia 13.9 1.2 1.2 -4 -4

Philippines 7.3 0.9 1.0 -13 -5 Israel 12.6 0.8 1.1 -8 4

Israel 7.0 1.0 1.0 -3 -6 India 12.4 0.8 1.0 -9 21

Thailand 4.9 1.1 0.7 -10 -19 Philippines 11.4 1.0 1.0 -19 -3

Saudi Arabia 4.8 1.0 0.7 -4 -20 Indonesia 10.4 1.0 0.9 -3 -5

Venezuela 4.4 0.8 0.6 2 -22 Switzerland 9.8 1.0 0.8 -7 -2

Dominican Republic 4.3 0.5 0.6 0 -4 Hong Kong, China 9.8 1.4 0.8 -16 -3

India 4.1 0.6 0.6 3 9 Russian Federation 7.1 0.6 0.6 -19 9

United Arab Emirates 3.6 0.3 0.5 15 36 Australia 6.8 0.5 0.6 0 0

Colombia 3.6 0.8 0.5 -2 0 Nigeria 6.2 0.7 0.5 -17 -32

Costa Rica 3.1 0.3 0.5 2 25 Norway 6.1 0.4 0.5 -8 11

Turkey 3.1 0.5 0.4 -17 0 Colombia 5.9 0.5 0.5 -18 -2

Egypt 2.9 0.5 0.4 13 -24 Chile 4.4 0.3 0.4 11 7

Chile 2.6 0.6 0.4 -9 -17 Dominican Republic 4.3 0.5 0.4 -4 0

Indonesia 2.6 0.6 0.4 -2 3 South Africa 4.2 0.3 0.3 5 -9

Honduras 2.6 0.2 0.4 -5 5 Iraq 3.8 0.0 0.3 -3 -40

South Africa 2.5 0.5 0.4 -4 -15 Turkey 3.8 0.2 0.3 1 16

Russian Federation 2.4 0.5 0.3 18 -12 Argentina 3.4 0.2 0.3 -2 5

Above 30 655.1 93.3 94.5 - - Above 30 1135.1 95.2 94.4 - -

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Table III.17

Merchandise exports of NAFTA countries by destination, 1990-02

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Destination United All otherOrigin States Canada Mexico NAFTA (3) countries World

Value

United States 1990 - 83.0 28.3 111.3 282.3 393.6

1995 - 126.0 46.3 172.3 412.4 584.7

2000 - 176.4 111.7 288.1 493.0 781.1

2001 - 163.7 101.5 265.2 465.6 730.8

2002 - 160.8 97.5 258.3 435.5 693.9

Canada 1990 95.2 - 0.5 95.7 31.9 127.6

1995 152.8 - 0.8 153.6 38.6 192.2

2000 241.6 - 1.4 243.0 33.7 276.6

2001 226.6 - 1.8 228.3 31.5 259.9

2002 220.1 - 1.5 221.6 30.7 252.4

Mexico 1990 32.3 0.2 - 32.6 8.2 40.7

1995 66.3 2.0 - 68.3 11.2 79.5

2000 147.2 3.3 - 150.5 16.0 166.5

2001 140.7 3.1 - 143.8 14.7 158.4

2002 143.2 2.8 - 146.0 14.7 160.7

NAFTA (3) 1990 127.6 83.2 28.9 239.6 322.3 561.9

1995 219.1 128.0 47.1 394.3 462.2 856.5

2000 388.8 179.7 113.1 681.6 542.6 1224.2

2001 367.3 166.8 103.3 637.3 511.8 1149.1

2002 363.3 163.6 99.1 625.9 481.0 1106.9

Share

United States 1995 - 14.7 5.4 20.1 48.2 68.3

2002 - 14.5 8.8 23.3 39.3 62.7

Canada 1995 17.8 - 0.1 17.9 4.5 22.4

2002 19.9 - 0.1 20.0 2.8 22.8

Mexico 1995 7.7 0.2 - 8.0 1.3 9.3

2002 12.9 0.3 - 13.2 1.3 14.5

NAFTA (3) 1995 25.6 14.9 5.5 46.0 54.0 100.0

2002 32.8 14.8 8.9 56.5 43.5 100.0

Annual percentage change

United States 1995-00 - 7 19 11 4 6

2001 - -7 -9 -8 -6 -6

2002 - -2 -4 -3 -6 -5

Canada 1995-00 10 - 11 10 -3 8

2001 -6 - 28 -6 -6 -6

2002 -3 - -12 -3 -2 -3

Mexico 1995-00 17 11 - 17 7 16

2001 -4 -7 - -4 -8 -5

2002 2 -9 - 2 0 1

NAFTA (3) 1995-00 12 7 19 12 3 7

2001 -6 -7 -9 -6 -6 -6

2002 -1 -2 -4 -2 -6 -4

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Table III.18

Trade in commercial services of Canada, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1995 2002 2002 1995 2002

Total commercial services 36.3 100.0 100.0 41.9 100.0 100.0

Transportation 6.9 20.7 19.0 9.1 24.1 21.6

Sea transport 1.5 5.7 4.0 3.6 9.0 8.6

Air transport 3.2 8.3 8.7 3.7 10.2 8.9

Other transport 2.3 6.6 6.3 1.7 4.8 4.1

Travel 10.7 31.1 29.4 11.8 31.1 28.2

Other commercial services 18.7 48.2 51.5 21.0 44.8 50.2

Communication services 1.4 5.0 3.7 1.3 3.9 3.1

Construction services 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.2

Insurance services 2.1 8.9 5.7 3.1 8.4 7.4

Financial services 1.0 2.5 2.6 1.6 2.9 3.9

Computer and information services 2.0 4.0 5.4 0.9 1.5 2.1

Royalties and licence fees 1.7 1.5 4.7 3.7 5.7 8.7

Other business services 9.1 23.0 25.1 8.7 18.8 20.8

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 1.4 2.9 3.9 1.7 3.0 3.9

Table III.19

Trade in commercial services of the United States, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1995 2002 2002 1995 2002

Total commercial services 272.6 100.0 100.0 205.6 100.0 100.0

Transportation 46.2 22.7 17.0 58.5 32.8 28.5

Sea transport 4.5 2.8 1.6 19.4 9.3 9.4

Air transport 22.1 11.3 8.1 24.1 13.7 11.7

Other transport 19.7 8.7 7.2 15.0 9.8 7.3

Travel 85.3 37.8 31.3 60.8 36.4 29.6

Other commercial services 141.2 39.5 51.8 86.2 30.9 41.9

Communication services a 4.4 1.8 1.6 4.5 6.1 2.2

Construction services a 2.8 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.4

Insurance services a, b 2.8 0.3 1.0 15.3 2.6 7.5

Financial services a 15.9 3.6 5.8 3.7 1.9 1.8

Computer and information services a 5.4 1.2 2.0 1.5 0.2 0.8

Royalties and licence fees 44.1 15.3 16.2 19.3 5.4 9.4

Other business services 58.8 14.7 21.6 40.9 14.2 19.9

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 6.9 1.3 2.5 0.1 0.1 0.1

a Excludes transactions between affiliates, which are recorded under "Other business services".

b Due to a change in methodology, time series of insurance services have been significantly revised. See the Technical Notes.

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3. Latin America

Table III.20

Merchandise trade of Latin America, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value 350 350

Share in world merchandise trade 5.6 5.4

Annual percentage change

Value

1980-85 0 -7

1985-90 6 10

1990-95 9 14

1995-00 10 9

2000 20 16

2001 -3 -2

2002 0 -7

Volume

1980-85 5.5 -6.5

1985-90 5.0 6.0

1990-95 8.0 12.0

1995-00 9.0 10.5

2000 8.5 12.5

2001 2.0 -1.0

2002 1.5 -4.0

Table III.21

Merchandise trade of Latin America by regionand by major product group, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Exports Imports

Total 350 100.0 100.0

Region

North America 215 61.3 48.4

Latin America 54 15.4 17.2

Western Europe 44 12.6 17.4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 3 1.0 1.9

Africa 4 1.2 1.5

Middle East 5 1.3 1.1

Asia 23 6.7 12.5

Product group

Agricultural products 67 19.3 9.8

Mining products 71 20.3 10.9

Manufactures 208 59.5 76.3

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world

merchandise trade by product and region.

Chart III.7

Merchandise trade of Latin America,1990-02(Billion dollars)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.8

Share of Latin America in world merchandise trade, 1990-02(Percentage based on value data)

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Table III.22

Merchandise exports of Latin America by product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in exports Share inValue of Latin America world exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise exports 350.3 100.0 100.0 4.6 5.6 10 20 -3 0

Agricultural products 67.5 25.6 19.3 10.0 11.6 1 2 5 4

Food 59.7 21.9 17.0 11.2 12.7 1 0 7 4

Raw materials 7.7 3.7 2.2 6.3 6.8 -2 14 -2 0

Mining products 71.2 23.0 20.3 9.9 9.0 10 46 -14 -3

Ores and other minerals 9.6 3.8 2.8 14.2 15.4 4 16 -5 -2

Fuels 51.7 14.4 14.8 9.0 8.4 14 58 -16 -2

Non-ferrous metals 9.8 4.9 2.8 10.4 8.9 0 19 -10 -5

Manufactures 208.5 49.2 59.5 3.0 4.4 13 19 -2 0

Iron and steel 8.8 3.8 2.5 5.8 6.2 -1 16 -10 19

Chemicals 17.0 5.7 4.8 2.7 2.6 5 14 2 1

Other semi-manufactures 18.8 5.7 5.4 3.3 4.1 7 13 2 2

Machinery and transport equipment 116.9 24.0 33.4 2.8 4.6 17 21 -2 -2

Automotive products 37.6 8.5 10.7 4.3 6.1 15 19 1 -3

Office and telecom equipment 36.2 5.5 10.3 2.1 4.3 25 25 -1 -4

Other machinery and transport equipment 43.1 10.0 12.3 2.6 4.0 15 20 -5 0

Textiles 4.1 1.5 1.2 2.3 2.7 6 10 -13 1

Clothing 20.9 3.6 6.0 5.3 10.4 21 16 -3 2

Other consumer goods 22.0 4.7 6.3 2.5 4.0 14 19 3 3

Table III.23

Merchandise exports of Latin America by destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 350.3 100.0 100.0 10 20 -3 0

North America 214.7 47.1 61.3 16 25 -6 2

Intra-Latin America 54.1 20.5 15.4 5 21 -1 -10

Western Europe 44.2 17.3 12.6 2 7 -2 3

European Union (15) 41.0 16.2 11.7 2 6 -1 2

Asia 23.4 9.9 6.7 -1 14 4 6

China 6.4 1.2 1.8 7 74 37 20

Japan 6.0 3.9 1.7 -3 9 -14 -7

Other 11.0 4.8 3.2 -2 4 5 8

Middle East 4.5 1.1 1.3 3 8 29 18

Africa 4.3 1.3 1.2 -1 2 28 19

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 3.4 0.9 1.0 3 -8 41 2

Inter-regional trade 294.6 77.7 84.1 11 20 -3 3

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Table III.24

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Latin America, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

Latin America 350.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 20 -3 0

Mexico 160.7 16.4 27.7 46.2 45.9 16 22 -5 1

maquiladoras 78.0 2.3 9.4 22.0 22.3 21 25 -3 1

Brazil 60.4 18.3 21.4 15.3 17.2 3 15 6 4

Venezuela 26.9 17.5 11.9 8.8 7.7 11 58 -14 -2

Argentina 25.4 7.3 8.4 7.3 7.2 5 13 1 -5

Chile 18.3 4.3 5.7 5.3 5.2 4 12 -4 -1

Colombia 12.0 3.6 4.6 3.6 3.4 5 13 -6 -2

Peru 7.7 3.6 2.2 1.9 2.2 5 15 1 8

Costa Rica 5.3 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.5 11 -11 -15 5

Dominican Republic 5.2 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.5 9 12 -7 -3

Ecuador 5.0 2.3 1.8 1.4 1.4 3 11 -5 8

Trinidad and Tobago 4.6 3.7 1.4 1.2 1.3 12 52 20 -10

El Salvador 3.0 0.9 0.4 0.8 0.9 12 17 -3 4

Guatemala 2.2 1.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 5 12 -9 -9

Uruguay 1.9 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.5 2 3 -10 -10

Cuba 1.5 5.1 3.5 0.5 0.4 2 18 0 -15

Importers

Latin America 350.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 9 16 -2 -7

Mexico 173.1 17.9 33.6 46.6 49.4 19 23 -4 0

maquiladoras 59.3 1.4 8.0 16.0 16.9 19 23 -7 3

Brazil 49.7 20.2 17.4 15.2 14.2 2 13 0 -15

Chile 17.1 4.7 6.0 4.8 4.9 3 16 -4 -4

Colombia 12.7 3.8 4.3 3.0 3.6 -4 8 11 -1

Venezuela 11.8 9.6 5.7 4.2 3.4 5 15 11 -34

Argentina 9.0 8.5 3.1 6.6 2.6 5 -1 -20 -56

Dominican Republic 8.9 1.6 2.3 2.5 2.5 13 18 -7 1

Peru 7.5 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.1 0 0 -1 3

Costa Rica 7.2 1.2 1.5 1.7 2.0 10 1 3 9

Ecuador 6.4 1.8 1.4 1.0 1.8 -2 23 44 20

Guatemala 6.1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.7 8 9 17 8

El Salvador 5.2 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 8 21 2 3

Cuba 4.2 5.3 3.5 1.3 1.2 12 12 -1 -14

Trinidad and Tobago 4.0 2.6 1.0 0.9 1.2 14 21 19 3

Jamaica 3.5 0.9 1.5 0.9 1.0 3 15 1 4

Memorandum item:

ANDEAN (5)

Exports 52.9 27.8 21.2 16.1 15.1 8 34 -9 0Imports 40.3 17.9 14.0 10.6 11.5 1 10 11 -11

MERCOSUR (4)Exports 88.6 26.9 31.6 23.5 25.3 4 14 4 1Imports 62.4 30.6 22.6 23.3 17.8 2 9 -6 -26

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Table III.25

Merchandise exports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Destination MERCOSUR (4) All other regions World

Origin Total Latin America Other regions

Value

Argentina 1990 1833 10520 1577 8943 123531995 6780 14187 3119 11068 209672001 7448 19162 4852 14310 266102002 5711 19641 5605 14036 25352

Brazil 1990 1320 30094 2399 27695 314141995 6154 40352 4624 35728 465062001 6364 51859 7141 44718 582232002 3310 57052 7589 49463 60362

Paraguay 1990 379 580 123 457 9591995 528 391 73 318 9192001 519 471 193 278 9902002 580 450 165 285 1030

Uruguay 1990 595 1098 94 1004 16931995 995 1111 130 981 21062001 840 1220 211 1009 20602002 607 1254 183 1071 1861

MERCOSUR (4) 1990 4127 42292 4193 38099 464191995 14457 56041 7946 48095 704982001 15170 72713 12398 60315 878832002 10208 78397 13542 64855 88605

Share

Argentina 1995 9.6 20.1 4.4 15.7 29.72002 6.4 22.2 6.3 15.8 28.6

Brazil 1995 8.7 57.2 6.6 50.7 66.02002 3.7 64.4 8.6 55.8 68.1

Paraguay 1995 0.7 0.6 0.1 0.5 1.32002 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.3 1.2

Uruguay 1995 1.4 1.6 0.2 1.4 3.02002 0.7 1.4 0.2 1.2 2.1

MERCOSUR (4) 1995 20.5 79.5 11.3 68.2 100.02002 11.5 88.5 15.3 73.2 100.0

Annual percentage change

Argentina 1995-00 4 5 6 4 52001 -11 7 14 5 12002 -23 2 16 -2 -5

Brazil 1995-00 5 3 6 3 32001 -18 10 17 9 62002 -48 10 6 11 4

Paraguay 1995-00 1 -4 11 -9 -12001 -6 48 60 41 142002 12 -5 -15 3 4

Uruguay 1995-00 1 3 12 1 22001 -18 -4 -6 -4 -102002 -28 3 -13 6 -10

MERCOSUR (4) 1995-00 4 4 6 3 42001 -14 9 16 7 42002 -33 8 9 8 1

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Table III.26

Merchandise imports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Origin MERCOSUR (4) All other regions World

Destination Total Latin America Other regions

Value

Argentina 1990 833 3243 516 2727 40761995 4603 15519 1286 14233 201222001 5910 14412 1198 13213 203212002 2895 6093 446 5647 8988

Brazil 1990 2443 20081 1551 18530 225241995 7280 46503 4046 42457 537832001 7359 51151 3413 47738 585102002 5909 43811 2996 40815 49720

Paraguay 1990 405 947 64 883 13521995 1237 1907 126 1781 31442001 1202 980 130 850 21822002 888 882 287 595 1770

Uruguay 1990 560 783 137 646 13431995 1321 1546 176 1370 28672001 1350 1711 305 1406 30612002 944 1020 123 897 1964

MERCOSUR (4) 1990 4241 25054 2268 22786 292951995 14441 65475 5634 59841 799162001 15820 68253 5047 63207 840742002 10635 51807 3852 47955 62442

Share

Argentina 1995 5.8 19.4 1.6 17.8 25.22002 4.6 9.8 0.7 9.0 14.4

Brazil 1995 9.1 58.2 5.1 53.1 67.32002 9.5 70.2 4.8 65.4 79.6

Paraguay 1995 1.5 2.4 0.2 2.2 3.92002 1.4 1.4 0.5 1.0 2.8

Uruguay 1995 1.7 1.9 0.2 1.7 3.62002 1.5 1.6 0.2 1.4 3.1

MERCOSUR (4) 1995 18.1 81.9 7.1 74.9 100.02002 17.0 83.0 6.2 76.8 100.0

Annual percentage change

Argentina 1995-00 8 3 1 4 52001 -14 -22 -12 -22 -202002 -51 -58 -63 -57 -56

Brazil 1995-00 2 2 1 2 22001 -10 2 -21 4 02002 -20 -14 -12 -15 -15

Paraguay 1995-00 2 2 1 2 22001 6 -8 35 -12 -12002 -26 -10 120 -30 -19

Uruguay 1995-00 3 5 9 4 42001 -11 -12 11 -16 -122002 -30 -40 -60 -36 -36

MERCOSUR (4) 1995-00 4 2 1 2 22001 -11 -5 -17 -4 -62002 -33 -24 -24 -24 -26

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Table III.27

Merchandise exports of ANDEAN countries by region, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Destination ANDEAN (5) All other regions World

Origin Total Latin America Other regions

Value

Bolivia 1990 60 866 357 509 9261995 222 878 213 665 11002001 367 918 428 490 12852002 396 914 420 494 1310

Colombia 1990 373 6393 802 5591 67661995 1939 8117 1064 7053 100562001 2756 9501 1620 7881 122572002 2318 9683 1558 8125 12001

Ecuador 1990 189 2525 587 1938 27141995 359 3948 612 3336 43072001 836 3842 662 3180 46782002 983 4047 440 3607 5030

Peru 1990 214 3016 283 2733 32301995 405 5170 548 4622 55752001 513 6587 853 5734 71002002 496 7192 789 6403 7688

Venezuela 1990 489 17008 2278 14730 174971995 1887 16570 4714 11856 184572001 1344 26065 5131 20934 274092002 1223 25667 4475 21192 26890

ANDEAN (5) 1990 1325 29808 4307 25501 311331995 4812 34683 7151 27532 394952001 5816 46913 8694 38219 527292002 5415 47504 7682 39821 52919

Share

Bolivia 1995 0.6 2.2 0.5 1.7 2.82002 0.7 1.7 0.8 0.9 2.5

Colombia 1995 4.9 20.6 2.7 17.9 25.52002 4.4 18.3 2.9 15.4 22.7

Ecuador 1995 0.9 10.0 1.5 8.4 10.92002 1.9 7.6 0.8 6.8 9.5

Peru 1995 1.0 13.1 1.4 11.7 14.12002 0.9 13.6 1.5 12.1 14.5

Venezuela 1995 4.8 42.0 11.9 30.0 46.72002 2.3 48.5 8.5 40.0 50.8

ANDEAN (5) 1995 12.2 87.8 18.1 69.7 100.02002 10.2 89.8 14.5 75.2 100.0

Annual percentage change

Bolivia 1995-00 7 1 9 -2 22001 18 0 29 -16 42002 8 0 -2 1 2

Colombia 1995-00 2 6 10 5 52001 27 -13 -4 -14 -62002 -16 2 -4 3 -2

Ecuador 1995-00 13 2 7 0 32001 26 -10 -23 -7 -52002 18 5 -33 13 8

Peru 1995-00 2 5 9 4 52001 15 0 4 0 12002 -3 9 -8 12 8

Venezuela 1995-00 -3 13 7 15 112001 -15 -14 -21 -12 -142002 -9 -2 -13 1 -2

ANDEAN (5) 1995-00 1 9 7 9 82001 12 -11 -15 -10 -92002 -7 1 -12 4 0

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Table III.28

Merchandise imports of ANDEAN countries by region, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Origin ANDEAN (5) All other regions World

Destination Total Latin America Other regions

Value

Bolivia 1990 30 657 301 356 6871995 111 1313 431 882 14242001 179 1529 780 749 17082002 158 1612 884 728 1770

Colombia 1990 474 5116 732 4384 55901995 1845 12008 1604 10404 138532001 1401 11433 1870 9563 128342002 1455 11283 2019 9264 12738

Ecuador 1990 119 1742 302 1440 18611995 705 3447 661 2786 41522001 1182 4181 883 3298 53632002 1380 5051 995 4056 6431

Peru 1990 515 2385 440 1945 29001995 1190 6394 1439 4955 75842001 1150 6166 1554 4612 73162002 1198 6325 1895 4430 7523

Venezuela a 1990 213 6388 697 5691 66011995 1017 9774 1638 8136 107912001 1898 14538 3243 11295 164362002 1255 9537 2755 6783 10793

ANDEAN (5) 1990 1351 16288 2472 13816 176391995 4868 32936 5773 27163 378042001 5810 37847 8330 29517 436572002 5447 33808 8547 25260 39255

Share

Bolivia 1995 0.3 3.5 1.1 2.3 3.82002 0.4 4.1 2.3 1.9 4.5

Colombia 1995 4.9 31.8 4.2 27.5 36.62002 3.7 28.7 5.1 23.6 32.4

Ecuador 1995 1.9 9.1 1.7 7.4 11.02002 3.5 12.9 2.5 10.3 16.4

Peru 1995 3.1 16.9 3.8 13.1 20.12002 3.1 16.1 4.8 11.3 19.2

Venezuela 1995 2.7 25.9 4.3 21.5 28.52002 3.2 24.3 7.0 17.3 27.5

ANDEAN (5) 1995 12.9 87.1 15.3 71.9 100.02002 13.9 86.1 21.8 64.4 100.0

Annual percentage change

Bolivia 1995-00 7 5 12 1 52001 14 -9 2 -18 -72002 -12 5 13 -3 4

Colombia 1995-00 -3 -4 0 -4 -42001 -13 15 16 15 112002 4 -1 8 -3 -1

Ecuador 1995-00 4 -4 1 -5 -22001 41 45 30 50 442002 17 21 13 23 20

Peru 1995-00 3 -1 0 -2 02001 -18 2 7 1 -12002 4 3 22 -4 3

Venezuela 1995-00 6 6 10 5 62001 36 10 25 7 132002 -34 -34 -15 -40 -34

ANDEAN (5) 1995-00 2 0 4 0 12001 8 12 17 11 122002 -6 -11 3 -14 -10

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table III.29

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Latin America, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

Latin America 56.2 100.0 100.0 6 11 -2 -4

Mexico 12.5 21.7 22.2 7 17 -7 -1

Brazil 8.8 13.6 15.7 8 30 -3 1

Chile 3.6 7.4 6.4 2 4 3 -4

Dominican Republic 3.0 4.3 5.3 11 14 -4 -2

Argentina 2.8 8.3 5.0 4 3 -9 -33

Cuba a ... 3.2 4.4 14 4 -4 ...

Panama 2.3 2.9 4.0 7 7 -1 26

Costa Rica a ... 2.2 3.5 14 15 8 ...

Bahamas 1.9 3.4 3.4 6 12 -7 2

Jamaica 1.9 3.6 3.3 5 2 -6 0

Colombia 1.8 3.7 3.2 4 6 7 -16

Netherlands Antilles 1.7 3.3 3.0 2 10 1 4

Peru 1.4 2.4 2.5 7 -1 -6 3

Venezuela a ... 3.5 1.9 -7 -7 5 ...

Guatemala 1.0 1.4 1.9 2 7 35 11

Importers

Latin America 64.9 100.0 100.0 5 11 1 -9

Mexico 17.0 16.6 26.2 13 19 -1 3

Brazil 13.6 24.3 21.0 3 17 2 -14

Chile 4.6 6.5 7.0 5 1 4 -2

Argentina 4.4 12.9 6.8 5 4 -7 -46

Venezuela a ... 8.6 6.1 -3 14 9 ...

Colombia 3.2 5.2 5.0 3 6 9 -9

Peru 2.3 3.3 3.5 5 4 -4 6

Jamaica 1.5 2.0 2.4 6 10 5 4

Ecuador 1.5 2.1 2.3 1 7 13 8

Dominican Republic 1.2 1.8 1.9 7 9 -7 -1

Panama 1.2 1.9 1.9 1 0 0 10

Costa Rica a ... 1.7 1.8 7 7 -1 ...

El Salvador 1.0 0.9 1.6 13 14 16 -2

Guatemala 1.0 1.2 1.5 3 3 13 12

Bahamas 0.9 1.1 1.4 9 5 -9 3

a Includes Secretariat estimates.

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4. Western Europe

Table III.30

Merchandise trade of Western Europe, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value 2657 2659

Share in world merchandise trade 42.4 40.8

Annual percentage change

Value

1980-85 -1 -3

1985-90 16 16

1990-95 7 6

1995-00 2 3

2000 4 7

2001 0 -2

2002 6 4

Volume

1980-85 4.0 2.0

1985-90 4.5 7.0

1990-95 4.5 4.0

1995-00 6.0 6.0

2000 9.0 8.0

2001 2.0 0.0

2002 0.5 -0.5

Table III.31

Merchandise trade of Western Europe by regionand by major product group, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Imports Exports Imports

Total 2657 2659 100.0 100.0

Region

North America 270 193 10.2 7.3

Latin America 55 52 2.1 2.0

Western Europe 1787 1789 67.3 67.3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 168 172 6.3 6.5

Africa 66 76 2.5 2.8

Middle East 68 42 2.6 1.6

Asia 208 302 7.8 11.3

Product group

Agricultural products 249 271 9.4 10.2

Mining products 183 283 6.9 10.7

Manufactures 2144 2012 80.7 75.7

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.9

Merchandise trade of Western Europe,1990-02(Billion dollars)

30

35

40

45

50

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.10

Share of Western Europe in world merchandise trade, 1990-02(Percentage based on value data)

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Table III.32

Merchandise exports of Western Europe by product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in exports Share in

Value of Western Europe world exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise exports 2657 100.0 100.0 45.2 42.4 2 4 0 6

Agricultural products 249 11.3 9.4 43.6 42.7 -2 -4 0 7

Food 210 9.4 7.9 47.4 44.8 -2 -6 2 7

Raw materials 39 1.9 1.5 30.9 33.9 -1 6 -8 7

Mining products 183 6.0 6.9 25.5 23.3 7 40 -6 1

Ores and other minerals 17 0.8 0.6 29.1 26.7 -1 11 -4 4

Fuels 124 3.4 4.7 20.8 20.2 12 56 -6 2

Non-ferrous metals 42 1.9 1.6 39.3 38.6 2 18 -6 -4

Manufactures 2144 79.3 80.7 48.2 45.5 3 3 1 5

Iron and steel 66 3.5 2.5 51.5 46.7 -3 9 -4 5

Chemicals 399 12.9 15.0 60.0 60.4 3 4 6 13

Other semi-manufactures 229 9.7 8.6 55.5 49.7 0 1 -2 6

Machinery and transport equipment 1079 38.1 40.6 44.4 42.5 4 4 0 2

Automotive products 310 10.6 11.7 52.3 49.9 3 -1 2 10

Office and telecom equipment 239 7.5 9.0 27.8 28.5 10 16 -7 -7

Other machinery and transport equipment 531 20.1 20.0 51.8 49.1 2 2 3 2

Textiles 58 3.0 2.2 44.7 38.4 -3 -4 -2 1

Clothing 61 2.5 2.3 36.0 30.1 0 -5 2 6

Other consumer goods 252 9.5 9.5 49.7 45.5 2 1 1 6

Table III.33

Merchandise imports of Western Europe by product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in imports Share inValue of Western Europe world imports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise imports 2659 100.0 100.0 43.4 40.8 3 7 -2 4

Agricultural products 271 13.2 10.2 46.1 43.3 -2 -5 -1 6

Food 220 10.3 8.3 46.9 43.8 -2 -8 2 7

Raw materials 50 2.9 1.9 43.1 41.1 -3 8 -11 3

Mining products 283 10.1 10.7 38.8 34.4 7 47 -6 -1

Ores and other minerals 29 1.6 1.1 47.6 41.6 -1 15 -7 0

Fuels 205 6.1 7.7 34.6 31.9 10 62 -6 0

Non-ferrous metals 50 2.4 1.9 48.4 44.1 2 24 -6 -8

Manufactures 2012 73.8 75.7 43.3 41.4 4 4 -2 4

Iron and steel 61 3.4 2.3 44.3 39.6 -3 12 -8 4

Chemicals 330 11.5 12.4 49.6 48.5 3 4 4 13

Other semi-manufactures 211 8.8 7.9 48.8 43.4 1 1 -2 4

Machinery and transport equipment 1012 34.6 38.1 39.5 39.0 6 5 -4 1

Automotive products 269 9.6 10.1 44.9 42.7 4 -4 -1 8

Office and telecom equipment 293 9.6 11.0 34.7 34.2 10 15 -10 -6

Other machinery and transport equipment 449 15.5 16.9 40.0 40.6 5 5 -2 1

Textiles 52 2.7 2.0 39.8 32.5 -2 -3 -4 1

Clothing 91 3.6 3.4 48.9 43.4 1 -1 1 5

Other consumer goods 255 9.2 9.6 46.7 43.9 3 2 1 4

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Table III.34

Merchandise exports of Western Europe by destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 2657 100.0 100.0 2 4 0 6

Intra-Western Europe 1787 69.7 67.3 2 2 -1 5European Union (15) 1639 64.0 61.7 2 2 -1 5

North America 270 7.2 10.2 10 11 0 6United States 244 6.4 9.2 10 11 -1 6

Asia 208 9.3 7.8 -1 11 0 6Japan 44 2.1 1.7 0 9 -3 0China 35 0.9 1.3 4 13 17 21Australia and New Zealand 19 0.7 0.7 1 -2 -3 12Other 111 5.6 4.2 -3 13 -2 3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 168 4.3 6.3 6 9 13 13Central and Eastern Europe 115 2.8 4.3 9 7 8 12Russian Federation 31 1.0 1.2 -3 17 37 16Baltic States 10 0.2 0.4 11 9 11 20

Middle East 68 2.6 2.6 0 3 8 8

Africa 66 2.7 2.5 0 -2 4 5South Africa 12 0.5 0.5 -1 5 2 3Other Africa 54 2.1 2.0 1 -3 4 5

Latin America 55 2.1 2.1 4 5 1 -7

Inter-regional trade 835 28.2 31.4 4 8 3 6

Table III.35

Merchandise imports of Western Europe by origin, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 2659 100.0 100.0 3 7 -2 4

Intra-Western Europe 1789 63.8 67.3 2 2 -1 6European Union (15) 1651 58.4 62.1 2 2 -1 6

Asia 302 10.8 11.3 6 11 -8 5China 82 1.7 3.1 13 22 4 15Japan 69 3.6 2.6 3 5 -16 -5Australia and New Zealand 11 0.4 0.4 3 8 2 2Other 138 5.1 5.2 7 10 -10 4

North America 193 7.6 7.3 6 9 -5 -6United States 175 6.8 6.6 6 8 -5 -6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 172 4.2 6.5 10 24 6 12Central and Eastern Europe 107 2.4 4.0 10 12 11 14Russian Federation 45 1.3 1.7 9 50 -1 3Baltic States 8 0.2 0.3 11 27 2 8

Africa 76 2.9 2.8 5 27 0 -3South Africa 16 0.5 0.6 7 23 13 -7Other Africa 60 2.5 2.3 4 27 -4 -1

Latin America 52 2.1 2.0 3 14 -4 5

Middle East 42 1.6 1.6 9 43 -15 -5

Inter-regional trade 837 27.6 31.5 7 16 -4 2

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Table III.36

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Western Europe, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Annual percentage change

Value Share Value Volume

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

Western Europe 2657.3 100.0 100.0 2 4 0 6 6.0 9.0 2.0 0.5

Germany 613.1 23.3 23.1 1 2 4 7 6.5 10.5 5.0 1.5

France 331.8 13.4 12.5 2 1 -1 3 6.5 6.5 0.0 -3.0

United Kingdom 279.6 10.6 10.5 4 5 -4 3 1.0 0.5 -3.0 -2.0

Italy 251.0 10.4 9.4 1 2 0 4 4.5 15.5 1.0 -1.5

Netherlands 244.3 9.0 9.2 3 7 -1 6 6.0 6.0 1.5 2.0

Belgium 214.0 - 8.1 - 5 1 12 - 10.5 2.0 7.5

Spain 119.1 4.4 4.5 3 10 1 2 8.0 18.5 3.5 -3.0

Ireland 88.2 2.0 3.3 12 9 7 7 17.5 17.0 9.5 3.5

Switzerland 87.9 3.6 3.3 0 2 1 7 5.5 10.5 -1.5 1.5

Sweden 81.1 3.6 3.1 2 3 -13 7 5.5 7.5 -7.5 1.0

Austria 78.7 2.6 3.0 3 2 4 11 10.5 13.5 7.0 6.5

Norway 61.0 1.9 2.3 7 32 -2 3 4.5 2.5 5.5 1.0

Denmark 57.0 2.3 2.1 0 2 1 10 4.0 8.0 3.5 6.5

Finland 44.8 1.8 1.7 3 9 -6 4 8.0 12.0 -1.5 -1.5

Turkey 34.6 1.0 1.3 5 4 13 10 9.5 11.5 22.0 16.0

Importers

Western Europe 2658.9 100.0 100.0 3 7 -2 4 6.0 8.0 0.0 -0.5

Germany 493.7 20.8 18.6 1 5 -2 2 5.5 6.5 -1.0 -2.5

United Kingdom 345.3 12.0 13.0 5 6 -3 4 3.5 4.5 0.0 -0.5

France 329.3 13.0 12.4 3 7 -3 0 7.0 9.5 -1.5 -5.0

Italy 243.0 9.2 9.1 3 8 -2 4 7.0 12.0 0.0 0.5

Netherlands 219.8 8.3 8.3 3 6 -4 5 6.0 3.5 -1.0 -0.5

Belgium 197.4 - 7.4 - 8 1 10 - 9.5 1.5 7.0

Spain 154.7 5.1 5.8 7 15 -1 0 10.0 17.0 1.0 -4.0

Switzerland 83.7 3.6 3.1 1 5 1 -1 6.5 7.5 1.0 -2.5

Austria 78.0 3.0 2.9 2 2 3 4 6.0 9.5 4.5 0.0

Sweden 66.2 2.9 2.5 2 6 -13 5 4.5 9.0 -8.0 -1.5

Ireland 51.9 1.5 2.0 10 9 -1 3 9.5 8.5 0.5 -0.5

Turkey 49.7 1.6 1.9 9 34 -24 20 15.5 32.5 -25.0 21.0

Denmark 49.4 2.1 1.9 0 0 -1 9 3.5 7.5 2.0 5.0

Portugal 38.5 1.5 1.4 4 0 -1 -3 9.0 6.0 0.5 -7.0

Norway 34.8 1.5 1.3 1 1 -4 6 7.5 9.5 -2.0 2.0

Memorandum item:

European Union (15)

Exports 2449.0 92.6 92.2 2 4 0 6 6.0 9.0 1.5 0.5

Extra-exports 939.8 33.3 35.4 3 7 1 6 5.5 13.0 3.5 2.0

Imports 2446.7 92.0 92.0 3 6 -2 4 6.0 8.0 0.0 -0.5

Extra-imports 933.1 32.0 35.1 6 15 -4 1 7.5 9.0 -0.5 -1.0

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Table III.37

Merchandise trade of the European Union by region and economy, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Destination Annual percentage Origin Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 1995 2002 2001 2002 2002 1995 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 2449.0 100.0 100.0 0 6 World 2446.7 100.0 100.0 -2 4

Western Europe 1650.6 69.7 67.4 -1 5 Western Europe 1642.3 69.3 67.1 -1 5

North America 246.5 7.1 10.1 1 5 Asia 281.8 10.9 11.5 -8 4

Asia 188.9 9.3 7.7 -1 5 North America 178.9 7.6 7.3 -4 -6

C./E. Europe/ C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 156.8 4.3 6.4 13 13 Baltic States/CIS 154.3 4.2 6.3 7 12

Africa 62.5 2.8 2.6 4 4 Africa 71.0 3.0 2.9 -1 -2

Middle East 61.5 2.4 2.5 7 8 Latin America 49.0 2.2 2.0 -3 4

Latin America 50.8 2.2 2.1 0 -7 Middle East 37.2 1.6 1.5 -16 -6

Economies Economies

European Union (15) 1509.2 63.6 61.6 -1 5 European Union (15) 1513.6 63.6 61.9 -1 5

United States 223.9 6.4 9.1 0 5 United States 163.3 6.8 6.7 -4 -6

Switzerland 66.2 3.2 2.7 2 0 China 77.1 1.8 3.1 5 14

Japan 39.1 2.0 1.6 -3 -1 Japan 64.4 3.6 2.6 -15 -5

Poland 34.8 1.0 1.4 2 11 Switzerland 56.1 2.7 2.3 -1 3

Above 5 1873.2 76.2 76.5 -1 5 Above 5 1874.4 78.5 76.6 -2 4

China 31.9 0.9 1.3 15 20 Russian Federation 37.3 1.3 1.5 -1 8

Russian Federation 28.3 1.0 1.2 37 15 Norway 36.9 1.6 1.5 -8 1

Czech Republic 27.0 0.7 1.1 11 12 Poland 26.5 0.8 1.1 11 12

Norway 24.6 1.1 1.0 -1 7 Czech Republic 26.0 0.6 1.1 13 16

Hungary 23.4 0.5 1.0 1 11 Hungary 23.9 0.5 1.0 9 8

Turkey 22.4 0.8 0.9 -35 26 Korea, Republic of 21.0 0.7 0.9 -16 9

Canada 20.8 0.6 0.9 3 7 Turkey 20.8 0.6 0.8 12 15

Hong Kong, China 18.5 1.0 0.8 2 -2 Taipei, Chinese 19.9 0.8 0.8 -11 -6

Korea, Republic of 16.0 0.8 0.7 -8 17 Brazil 16.3 0.7 0.7 1 0

Australia 15.5 0.7 0.6 -4 13 Canada 14.8 0.8 0.6 -6 -8

Brazil 14.4 0.7 0.6 7 -11 South Africa 14.8 0.5 0.6 11 -7

Mexico 14.0 0.3 0.6 4 5 Malaysia 13.5 0.6 0.6 -11 9

Saudi Arabia 13.7 0.5 0.6 6 18 Singapore 12.3 0.6 0.5 -18 8

Singapore 13.3 0.7 0.5 -4 3 India 12.3 0.5 0.5 1 6

United Arab Emirates 13.2 0.4 0.5 13 8 Saudi Arabia 11.6 0.6 0.5 -20 -1

India 12.2 0.6 0.5 -10 11 Algeria 10.7 0.3 0.4 -7 1

Israel 11.7 0.6 0.5 -11 -7 Thailand 10.6 0.4 0.4 -6 -2

South Africa 11.6 0.5 0.5 3 3 Romania 9.8 0.2 0.4 19 17

Taipei, Chinese 10.8 0.6 0.4 -14 -5 Indonesia 9.7 0.4 0.4 -4 0

Romania 10.7 0.2 0.4 17 15 Slovak Republic 9.2 0.2 0.4 14 26

Slovak Republic 8.2 0.2 0.3 17 16 Hong Kong, China 9.1 0.5 0.4 -15 1

Slovenia 8.1 0.3 0.3 1 8 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 8.9 0.4 0.4 -15 -14

Malaysia 7.6 0.5 0.3 8 -8 Australia 8.3 0.3 0.3 1 0

Algeria 7.6 0.3 0.3 19 14 Israel 7.9 0.3 0.3 -7 -7

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 7.4 0.2 0.3 24 28 Philippines 6.9 0.2 0.3 -9 22

Above 30 2265.9 91.1 92.5 - - Above 30 2273.4 92.9 92.9 - -

Memorandum item: Memorandum item:

EU acceding countries 116.0 3.2 4.7 5 12 EU acceding countries 100.9 2.7 4.1 10 12

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Table III.38

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Western Europe, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

Western Europe 763.3 100.0 100.0 4 2 2 9

United Kingdom 123.1 13.5 16.1 8 3 -5 12

Germany 99.6 13.2 13.1 2 -1 1 20

France 85.9 14.6 11.3 -1 -2 0 7

Spain 62.1 7.0 8.1 6 0 9 7

Italy 59.4 10.8 7.8 -2 -3 2 4

Netherlands 54.1 7.9 7.1 0 -6 11 8

Austria 34.9 5.6 4.6 0 1 6 6

Belgium 34.9 ... 4.6 ... ... ... ...

Ireland 28.1 ... 3.7 ... ... ... 21

Switzerland 27.9 4.4 3.7 2 1 -6 7

Denmark 25.5 2.7 3.3 10 21 11 -6

Sweden 22.5 2.7 2.9 5 2 9 3

Luxembourg 20.1 ... 2.6 ... ... ... ...

Greece 20.1 ... 2.6 ... 17 1 4

Norway 19.1 2.4 2.5 5 9 3 8

Importers

Western Europe 716.0 100.0 100.0 4 2 3 9

Germany 149.1 23.6 20.8 1 -3 2 9

United Kingdom 101.4 11.7 14.2 9 5 -3 9

France 68.2 12.1 9.5 -1 -6 3 10

Italy 61.5 10.3 8.6 0 -3 3 10

Netherlands 55.7 8.2 7.8 3 4 4 7

Ireland 40.4 ... 5.6 ... ... ... 14

Spain 37.6 3.9 5.3 8 3 9 12

Belgium 34.9 ... 4.9 ... ... ... ...

Austria 34.4 5.2 4.8 1 1 6 10

Denmark 23.6 2.6 3.3 10 19 7 0

Sweden 23.1 3.2 3.2 6 4 -2 1

Norway 16.5 2.5 2.3 2 -3 5 10

Switzerland 15.3 2.8 2.1 1 -2 -2 1

Luxembourg 13.6 ... 1.9 ... ... ... ...

Greece 10.3 ... 1.4 ... 24 2 -8

Memorandum item:

European Union (15)

Exports 686.1 89.1 89.9 4 1 3 10

Imports 668.7 92.8 93.4 4 2 3 9

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Table III.39

Trade in commercial services of France, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1995 2002 2002 1995 2002

Total commercial services 85.9 100.0 100.0 68.2 100.0 100.0

Transportation 18.9 24.6 21.9 17.8 32.9 26.2

Sea transport 4.5 4.5 5.3 5.1 7.4 7.5

Air transport 8.4 10.7 9.8 7.6 14.5 11.1

Other transport 5.9 9.5 6.9 5.1 10.9 7.5

Travel 32.7 33.2 38.1 19.7 25.4 28.9

Other commercial services 34.3 42.2 40.0 30.6 41.7 44.9

Communication services 2.3 0.6 2.7 1.7 0.6 2.6

Construction services 3.1 3.7 3.6 1.6 1.6 2.3

Insurance services 1.0 2.2 1.2 1.5 2.4 2.2

Financial services 1.1 3.1 1.3 1.6 3.6 2.3

Computer and information services 1.2 0.4 1.4 1.1 0.8 1.7

Royalties and licence fees 3.2 2.2 3.8 2.0 3.6 2.9

Other business services 20.9 28.5 24.3 19.1 27.0 28.0

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 1.5 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.1 3.0

Table III.40

Trade in commercial services of Germany, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1995 2002 2002 1995 2002

Total commercial services 99.6 100.0 100.0 149.1 100.0 100.0

Transportation 25.7 26.0 25.8 30.4 19.6 20.4

Sea transport 8.7 8.2 8.7 8.6 6.1 5.8

Air transport 13.2 12.6 13.2 11.3 6.5 7.6

Other transport 3.8 5.2 3.8 10.5 7.0 7.1

Travel 19.2 23.8 19.3 53.4 41.6 35.8

Other commercial services 54.7 50.2 54.9 65.3 38.7 43.8

Communication services 1.4 2.7 1.4 3.4 2.4 2.3

Construction services 4.2 7.0 4.2 4.5 4.7 3.0

Insurance services 7.4 1.7 7.4 1.3 1.2 0.9

Financial services 4.3 3.2 4.3 3.7 0.4 2.5

Computer and information services 5.2 1.9 5.2 6.1 1.6 4.1

Royalties and licence fees 3.8 4.2 3.8 5.1 4.7 3.4

Other business services 27.9 29.3 28.0 39.1 22.2 26.2

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.5 0.2 0.5 2.0 1.6 1.4

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Table III.41

Trade in commercial services of Italy, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1995 2002 2002 1995 2002

Total commercial services 59.4 100.0 100.0 61.5 100.0 100.0

Transportation 9.1 17.7 15.4 13.6 24.5 22.2

Sea transport 4.1 7.5 6.9 5.6 11.9 9.1

Air transport 2.9 6.1 4.9 4.9 7.2 8.0

Other transport 2.1 4.1 3.5 3.1 5.4 5.0

Travel 26.9 47.0 45.3 16.9 27.2 27.5

Other commercial services 23.4 35.3 39.4 30.9 48.4 50.3

Communication services 1.0 0.5 1.7 2.6 1.1 4.2

Construction services 1.7 5.2 2.9 2.3 2.8 3.7

Insurance services 1.3 2.3 2.2 1.8 1.6 2.9

Financial services 0.6 4.3 1.1 0.6 8.2 1.0

Computer and information services 0.4 0.3 0.7 1.1 0.8 1.7

Royalties and licence fees 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.3 2.1 2.1

Other business services 17.0 21.5 28.7 20.4 29.7 33.1

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.9 2.0 1.5

Table III.42

Trade in commercial services of the United Kingdom, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1995 2002 2002 1995 2002

Total commercial services 123.1 100.0 100.0 101.4 100.0 100.0

Transportation 17.9 21.0 14.5 24.6 27.2 24.2

Sea transport 6.1 8.7 5.0 8.1 10.7 8.0

Air transport 10.3 10.9 8.4 14.0 15.1 13.8

Other transport 1.4 1.4 1.2 2.5 1.4 2.5

Travel 21.1 26.8 17.2 42.0 40.0 41.4

Other commercial services 84.1 52.2 68.3 34.9 32.8 34.4

Communication services 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.4 3.4 2.3

Construction services 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Insurance services 10.5 4.8 8.5 1.1 1.3 1.1

Financial services 18.7 11.5 15.2 5.3 2.7 5.2

Computer and information services 5.7 1.6 4.6 2.6 0.7 2.6

Royalties and licence fees 7.7 7.9 6.3 6.0 8.3 5.9

Other business services 36.7 22.5 29.8 16.2 14.8 16.0

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 2.4 1.4 1.9 1.2 1.2 1.2

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5. Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS (transition economies)

Table III.43

Merchandise trade of Central and Eastern Europe,

the Baltic States and the CIS, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value 314 299

Share in world merchandise trade 5.0 4.6

Annual percentage change

Value

1980-85 a 0 -1

1985-90 a 3 5

1990-95 13 12

1996-00 6 1

2000 26 14

2001 5 11

2002 10 11

Volume

1990-95 3.5 0.5

1996-00 7.5 6.0

2000 17.0 16.0

2001 8.0 14.5

2002 8.0 11.5

a Includes the former German Democratic Republic.

Table III.44

Merchandise trade of the C./E. Europe, the Baltic States

and the CIS by region and by major product group, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Exports Imports

Total 314 100.0 100.0

Region

North America 14 4.5 2.5

Latin America 6 1.9 1.2

Western Europe 176 56.2 59.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 80 25.5 28.3

Africa 4 1.2 0.3

Middle East 7 2.4 0.7

Asia 24 7.7 7.5

Product group

Agricultural products 28 8.9 10.2

Mining products 99 31.5 13.5

Manufactures 179 57.2 75.5

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world

merchandise trade by product and region.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.11

Merchandise trade of the Central and Eastern Europe,the Baltic States and the CIS, 1990-02(Billion dollars)

Note: New valuation in 1990 and change in area definition in 1994.

2

3

4

5

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.12

Share of the Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic Statesand the CIS in world merchandise trade, 1990-02(Percentage based on value data)

Note: New valuation in 1990 and change in area definition in 1994.

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Table III.45

Merchandise exports of the C./E. Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS by major product group and main destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1996 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002

Commonwealth of Independent States

Total merchandise

World 153.7 100.0 100.0 -1 38 0 5

Western Europe 58.7 32.9 38.2 0 45 -3 10

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 51.1 41.7 33.2 -15 39 0 2

Mining products

World 86.6 100.0 100.0 4 58 -3 4

Western Europe 41.1 45.7 47.4 3 59 -2 8

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 28.1 39.2 32.4 -11 52 0 1

Manufactures

World 47.3 100.0 100.0 -11 24 6 1

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 17.5 47.7 37.1 -19 27 -2 0

Western Europe 10.6 16.1 22.3 -11 29 -5 4

Agricultural products

World 14.1 100.0 100.0 -2 18 2 12

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 5.2 45.7 36.4 -12 20 4 5

Asia 3.9 20.0 27.9 39 15 -3 14

Central and Eastern Europe

Total merchandise

World 148.1 100.0 100.0 1 14 12 14

Western Europe 110.5 65.5 74.6 6 13 12 15

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 24.9 23.4 16.8 -18 14 16 11

Manufactures

World 124.2 100.0 100.0 1 15 12 15

Western Europe 94.9 67.9 76.4 6 14 12 15

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 19.0 21.0 15.3 -18 15 19 17

Agricultural products

World 11.3 100.0 100.0 -10 -1 7 11

Western Europe 6.7 53.4 59.3 2 -4 8 15

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 3.2 36.6 28.1 -30 1 5 7

Mining products

World 10.5 100.0 100.0 0 32 0 9

Western Europe 7.1 66.6 68.0 0 29 1 10

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2.6 25.4 24.4 -4 38 3 -2

Baltic States

Total merchandise

World 12.2 100.0 100.0 -11 24 11 15

Western Europe 7.3 43.6 59.5 5 28 3 17

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 3.9 52.8 32.3 -34 16 25 11

Manufactures

World 7.9 100.0 100.0 -10 24 12 15

Western Europe 5.0 47.3 62.9 5 30 2 16

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2.3 48.3 29.4 -34 12 34 14

Agricultural products

World 2.6 100.0 100.0 -13 6 11 18

Western Europe 1.4 42.3 55.7 3 9 -4 20

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 0.9 54.8 32.8 -36 -5 33 14

Mining products

World 1.7 100.0 100.0 -16 62 9 9

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 0.8 73.2 45.0 -31 51 1 2

Western Europe 0.8 25.6 49.9 8 80 25 15

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Table III.46

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the CIS, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1996 2002 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 313.9 100.0 100.0 26 5 10

Russian Federation 106.9 41.2 34.0 40 -2 4

Poland 41.0 11.4 13.1 16 14 14

Czech Republic 38.4 10.3 12.2 10 15 15

Hungary 34.3 7.3 10.9 12 9 13

Ukraine 18.0 6.7 5.7 26 12 10

Slovak Republic 14.4 4.1 4.6 16 6 14

Romania 13.9 3.8 4.4 22 10 22

Kazakhstan 9.7 2.8 3.1 63 -5 12

Belarus 8.1 2.6 2.6 24 2 8

Bulgaria 5.7 2.3 1.8 21 6 12

Importers

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 299.2 100.0 100.0 14 11 11

Russian Federation a 60.5 29.8 20.2 13 20 13

Poland 55.1 16.1 18.4 7 3 10

Czech Republic b 40.8 12.0 13.6 15 13 12

Hungary 37.6 7.9 12.6 15 5 12

Romania 17.9 5.0 6.0 26 19 15

Ukraine 17.0 7.6 5.7 18 13 8

Slovak Republic b 16.5 4.8 5.5 15 16 12

Belarus 9.0 3.0 3.0 30 -6 10

Bulgaria 7.9 2.2 2.6 19 12 9

Lithuania 7.7 2.0 2.6 13 16 22

Memorandum item:

Central and Eastern Europe

Exports 148.1 39.2 47.2 14 12 14

Imports 177.2 48.4 59.2 13 9 11

CIS

Exports 153.6 57.6 48.9 38 0 5

Imports 104.3 47.2 34.9 16 15 10

Baltic States

Exports 12.2 3.2 3.9 24 11 15

Imports 17.7 4.4 5.9 15 10 17

a 2002 imports are valued f.o.b.

b Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table III.47

Merchandise exports of selected Central and Eastern European countries by region, major trading partner, and major product group, 2000-02(Million dollars and percentage)

Origin Czech SlovakDestination Bulgaria Republic Republic Hungary Poland Romania

Value

Total 2000 4809 28978 11889 28092 31651 10367

2001 5115 33368 12641 30498 36092 113912002 5745 38403 14367 34337 41010 13869

Share in total

Region and major trading partner

North America 2000 4.6 3.0 1.6 5.4 3.6 4.02001 5.9 3.2 1.4 5.2 2.9 3.52002 5.1 3.0 0.2 3.7 3.2 4.7

Latin America 2000 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.82001 1.1 0.6 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.12002 1.2 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.8

Western Europe 2000 74.1 72.8 63.6 80.3 72.6 74.02001 71.7 73.0 64.3 79.5 73.3 76.32002 73.6 73.1 66.7 80.5 73.9 75.0

European Union (15) 2000 51.1 68.6 59.1 75.2 69.3 64.02001 54.6 69.0 60.1 74.3 69.3 67.92002 55.5 68.4 62.1 75.1 69.4 67.3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2000 13.8 19.1 32.0 10.0 16.5 11.52001 14.6 19.2 32.1 11.0 18.4 9.52002 13.0 18.9 30.2 11.0 18.6 7.8

Central and Eastern Europe 2000 4.0 15.9 29.2 7.2 7.7 7.72001 5.2 16.1 29.1 8.0 8.4 6.62002 5.8 15.9 27.3 8.1 8.4 5.9

Russian Federation 2000 2.4 1.3 0.9 1.6 2.6 0.92001 2.3 1.5 1.0 1.5 2.9 0.72002 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.3 3.2 0.3

Africa 2000 1.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.1 3.62001 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.4 2.62002 1.9 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.0 2.0

Middle East 2000 2.5 1.3 0.4 0.7 0.8 3.22001 2.7 1.2 0.3 0.9 0.7 3.72002 2.3 1.3 0.3 0.9 0.7 4.5

Asia 2000 2.3 2.6 1.3 2.6 2.0 2.82001 2.2 2.1 1.0 2.6 2.0 3.12002 1.9 2.5 2.0 2.9 1.6 5.0

Major product group

Agricultural products 2000 12.5 6.6 5.4 8.7 9.7 8.02001 11.8 5.8 5.7 9.0 9.4 7.42002 14.1 5.3 5.5 8.1 8.9 6.4

Mining products 2000 27.5 4.9 10.4 4.1 10.0 14.62001 25.1 4.7 10.1 4.0 9.5 11.42002 21.4 4.5 9.2 3.6 9.1 12.2

Manufactures 2000 58.4 88.1 83.5 87.2 80.2 76.72001 61.6 89.2 83.7 86.5 80.6 80.72002 62.9 89.9 85.1 87.4 81.9 81.1

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Table III.48

Merchandise imports of selected Central and Eastern European countries by region, major trading partnerand major product group, 2000-02(Million dollars and percentage)

Destination Czech Slovak

Origin Bulgaria Republic a Republic a Hungary Poland Romania

Value

Total 2000 6505 32240 12774 32079 48940 13055

2001 7263 36505 14763 33682 50275 15561

2002 7897 40756 16492 37612 55113 17857

Share in total

Region and major trading partner

North America 2000 3.2 4.7 2.2 4.1 4.6 3.4

2001 2.9 4.3 2.1 4.4 3.7 3.6

2002 2.5 3.5 0.1 3.9 3.5 3.3

Latin America 2000 2.9 0.9 0.5 1.3 1.3 2.3

2001 2.3 1.0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.3

2002 2.3 1.3 0.6 1.2 1.5 1.7

Western Europe 2000 50.0 65.6 51.5 61.3 63.7 61.3

2001 55.5 65.7 52.5 60.8 65.4 62.0

2002 57.9 64.2 55.6 59.5 65.5 63.5

European Union (15) 2000 44.0 61.9 48.9 58.5 60.5 56.7

2001 49.4 61.8 49.8 57.8 61.4 57.4

2002 50.2 60.2 52.5 56.3 61.0 58.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2000 38.5 19.4 39.1 16.2 18.1 21.5

2001 32.9 18.2 37.7 15.9 18.1 20.8

2002 26.8 17.6 35.6 15.9 16.7 21.3

Central and Eastern Europe 2000 8.3 11.3 20.1 7.0 6.4 8.5

2001 7.1 11.1 21.1 7.4 6.9 9.3

2002 6.7 11.5 21.4 7.9 6.6 9.2

Russian Federation 2000 24.4 6.4 17.0 8.1 9.4 8.6

2001 20.0 5.5 14.8 7.0 8.8 7.6

2002 14.5 4.5 12.5 6.1 8.0 7.2

Africa 2000 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6

2001 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.8

2002 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.8

Middle East 2000 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.9

2001 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 1.7

2002 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.1

Asia 2000 4.2 7.4 5.4 16.5 9.7 7.0

2001 4.8 8.9 5.8 16.8 9.8 6.4

2002 4.3 12.3 6.9 18.8 10.1 7.7

Major product group

Agricultural products 2000 6.6 7.0 7.5 4.4 8.1 8.4

2001 6.7 6.6 7.4 4.5 8.2 8.9

2002 6.9 6.7 7.0 4.6 7.9 7.7

Mining products 2000 32.4 13.3 21.0 8.0 13.7 16.0

2001 27.8 12.5 18.9 10.8 12.7 15.8

2002 24.7 11.0 16.8 10.0 11.8 13.7

Manufactures 2000 58.9 79.7 71.2 84.4 78.2 75.2

2001 64.6 80.9 73.7 84.2 78.8 75.0

2002 66.5 82.2 76.1 85.0 80.1 78.3

a Imports f.o.b.

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Table III.49

Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade of the Baltic States, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

All All All AllBaltic other Baltic other Baltic other Baltic other

World States a countries States countries World States countries States countries

Baltic States 12180 1584 10596 13.0 87.0 Baltic States 17655 1194 16461 6.8 93.2

Estonia 4336 514 3822 11.9 88.1 Estonia 5863 301 5562 5.1 94.9

Latvia b 2284 322 1962 14.1 85.9 Latvia b 4053 649 3404 16.0 84.0

Lithuania 5560 748 4812 13.5 86.5 Lithuania 7739 244 7495 3.2 96.8

a Includes transit trade of fuels through Lithuania and Latvia.b Latvia trade recorded using the special system of trade. See Technical Notes.

Table III.50

Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade of the CIS, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

All All All Allother other other other

World CIS countries CIS countries World CIS countries CIS countries

CIS 153648 30864 122784 20.1 79.9 CIS 104332 35256 69076 33.8 66.2

Armenia 508 91 417 17.9 82.1 Armenia 991 305 686 30.8 69.2

Azerbaijan 2168 243 1925 11.2 88.8 Azerbaijan 1665 650 1015 39.0 61.0

Belarus 8100 4496 3604 55.5 44.5 Belarus 8980 6216 2764 69.2 30.8

Georgia 326 160 166 49.1 50.9 Georgia 725 281 444 38.8 61.2

Kazakhstan 9709 2211 7498 22.8 77.2 Kazakhstan 6491 3042 3449 46.9 53.1

Kyrgyz Republic 486 169 317 34.8 65.2 Kyrgyz Republic 589 324 265 55.0 45.0

Moldova 667 367 300 55.0 45.0 Moldova 1050 410 640 39.0 61.0

Russian Federation 106858 16324 90534 15.3 84.7 Russian Federation 60520 12320 48200 20.4 79.6

Tajikistan 738 189 549 25.6 74.4 Tajikistan 715 543 172 75.9 24.1

Turkmenistan 2950 1413 1537 47.9 52.1 Turkmenistan 2453 980 1473 40.0 60.0

Ukraine 17954 4395 13559 24.5 75.5 Ukraine 16993 9009 7984 53.0 47.0

Uzbekistan 3184 806 2378 25.3 74.7 Uzbekistan 3160 1176 1984 37.2 62.8

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Table III.51

Merchandise exports of selected economies to the CIS, 2000-02

(Million dollars)

Origin European Union (15) Central and Eastern Europe Turkey

Destination 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002

Commonwealth of Independent States 25130 33345 38490 4558 5242 5606 1636 1978 2274

Armenia 224 179 226 19 20 18 0 0 0

Azerbaijan 275 300 472 49 60 55 230 225 227

Belarus 1027 1228 1402 371 372 333 12 20 20

Georgia 221 240 270 118 110 91 131 144 103

Kazakhstan 1134 1405 1512 131 158 171 116 120 159

Kyrgyz Republic 54 54 84 6 7 6 20 17 24

Moldova 307 337 373 231 225 221 26 28 39

Russian Federation 17960 24517 28302 1986 2362 2572 639 924 1168

Tajikistan 32 31 30 2 3 6 4 16 11

Turkmenistan 148 225 304 32 21 13 119 105 118

Ukraine 3305 4354 5104 1549 1845 2060 256 289 310

Uzbekistan 444 475 411 65 59 60 82 90 93

Origin United States Japan China

Destination 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002

Commonwealth of Independent States 3325 3837 3837 792 958 1165 3183 3477 5114

Armenia 57 50 112 2 0 1 1 2 2

Azerbaijan 210 65 70 8 65 30 2 11 94

Belarus 31 35 19 3 3 8 41 9 16

Georgia 109 107 99 4 6 6 2 4 8

Kazakhstan 124 163 605 69 73 92 599 328 600

Kyrgyz Republic 24 28 31 4 1 1 110 77 146

Moldova 27 36 31 1 5 0 0 2 2

Russian Federation 2318 2724 2399 570 717 945 2233 2710 3521

Tajikistan 13 29 33 1 0 1 7 5 7

Turkmenistan 73 248 47 56 32 5 12 31 87

Ukraine 186 205 255 51 37 58 136 247 527

Uzbekistan 151 148 138 25 18 17 39 51 104

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Table III.52

Merchandise imports of selected economies from the CIS, 2000-02

(Million dollars)

Destination European Union (15) Central and Eastern Europe Turkey

Origin 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002

Commonwealth of Independent States 43418 43355 47962 16915 16775 16767 5682 4630 5500

Armenia 118 70 151 0 3 0 0 0 0

Azerbaijan 904 990 1047 10 112 175 96 78 63

Belarus 684 617 819 315 351 404 18 11 21

Georgia 212 269 251 4 10 16 155 127 138

Kazakhstan 2934 2652 3318 523 396 516 346 90 202

Kyrgyz Republic 120 105 19 8 10 10 2 6 16

Moldova 174 205 249 54 54 67 7 3 5

Russian Federation 34930 34527 37286 14175 13622 13053 3880 3436 3863

Tajikistan 41 54 64 44 86 143 16 14 41

Turkmenistan 204 141 163 27 70 99 98 72 99

Ukraine 2630 3162 3832 1661 1910 2172 977 758 978

Uzbekistan 467 564 762 93 151 110 86 36 75

Destination United States Japan China

Origin 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002

Commonwealth of Independent States 9842 8063 8368 4917 4187 3623 7367 9642 10637

Armenia 24 34 32 0 1 3 4 1 7

Azerbaijan 22 25 37 1 4 1 4 4 1

Belarus 113 118 137 8 14 5 73 35 64

Georgia 34 35 19 2 11 5 2 3 4

Kazakhstan 443 364 348 91 105 99 958 961 1355

Kyrgyz Republic 2 3 5 1 1 10 67 42 56

Moldova 115 75 42 0 0 0 8 13 4

Russian Federation 8038 6531 7145 4579 3858 3276 5770 7959 8407

Tajikistan 9 6 1 1 0 2 10 5 6

Turkmenistan 30 50 63 1 0 1 4 1 1

Ukraine 975 765 457 154 141 147 455 610 706

Uzbekistan 37 57 81 79 53 74 12 8 27

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Table III.53

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Central and Eastern Europe,the Baltic States and the CIS, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 59.7 100.0 100.0 2 10 7 10

Russian Federation 12.9 23.3 21.6 -2 5 10 22

Poland 10.1 23.5 16.9 0 25 -6 4

Hungary 7.7 11.3 12.9 4 10 23 1

Czech Republic 7.0 14.6 11.8 0 -3 4 0

Ukraine 4.6 6.3 7.7 6 -2 3 18

Slovak Republic 2.8 5.2 4.6 -1 18 11 12

Bulgaria 2.6 3.2 4.3 8 21 12 7

Romania 2.3 3.3 3.9 3 28 17 16

Estonia 2.0 1.9 3.3 11 1 9 21

Lithuania 1.5 1.1 2.4 17 -3 9 27

Importers

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 65.1 100.0 100.0 2 15 12 16

Russian Federation 21.5 44.2 33.0 -4 22 14 16

Poland 8.9 15.3 13.6 5 30 0 0

Hungary 7.1 7.8 10.9 4 5 24 30

Czech Republic 6.3 10.6 9.8 2 -7 2 16

Kazakhstan 3.7 1.7 5.7 21 80 41 32

Ukraine 3.1 2.9 4.8 14 13 22 -1

Romania 2.3 3.9 3.6 2 11 8 11

Slovak Republic 2.3 3.9 3.5 0 -2 11 16

Bulgaria 2.0 2.8 3.1 5 13 12 6

Estonia 1.4 0.9 2.1 16 5 12 44

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Table III.54

Merchandise trade of Africa, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value 140 135

Share in world merchandise trade 2.2 2.1

Annual percentage change

Africa

1980-85 -7 -51985-90 5 61990-95 1 51995-00 6 0

2000 26 12001 -6 22002 2 2

South Africa

1980-85 -9 -101985-90 8 101990-95 3 111995-00 1 -1

2000 12 112001 -2 -52002 2 4

Other Africa

1980-85 -7 -41985-90 4 51990-95 0 31995-00 7 1

2000 30 -12001 -7 42002 2 2

Table III.55

Merchandise trade of Africa by regionand by major product group, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Exports Imports

Total 140 100.0 100.0

Region

North America 24 17.0 8.8

Latin America 3 2.3 3.3

Western Europe 71 50.9 49.9

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1 0.7 2.8

Africa 11 8.1 8.6

Middle East 3 2.3 7.1

Asia 24 16.8 19.5

Product group

Agricultural products 22 15.8 15.9

Mining products 77 55.0 10.8

Manufactures 35 25.2 70.9

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world

merchandise trade by product and region.

6. Africa

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.13

Merchandise trade of Africa,1990-02(Billion dollars)

0

1

2

3

4

5

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.14

Share of Africa in world merchandise trade, 1990-02(Percentage based on value data)

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Table III.56

Merchandise exports of Africa by major product group and main destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise a

World 140.1 100.0 100.0 6 26 -6 2

Western Europe 71.3 53.9 50.9 4 23 -2 -1

North America 23.8 14.2 17.0 10 47 -8 0

Asia 23.5 13.8 16.8 10 31 -16 11

Mining products

World 77.1 100.0 100.0 12 51 -12 -1

Western Europe 36.3 50.5 47.1 10 51 -8 -3

North America 18.6 24.9 24.2 12 59 -12 -3

Asia 14.1 12.5 18.2 21 55 -24 14

Manufactures

World 35.3 100.0 100.0 2 6 4 1

Western Europe 19.4 58.0 54.9 2 3 8 -8

Africa 5.5 18.2 15.4 -1 3 -13 18

North America 3.9 7.9 11.1 4 6 19 9

Agricultural products

World 22.1 100.0 100.0 -2 -6 1 9

Western Europe 11.3 60.7 50.9 -6 -14 3 11

Asia 4.5 17.4 20.2 2 14 -2 7

Africa 2.9 10.8 13.2 3 -2 -3 8

a Includes significant exports of unspecified products.

Table III.57

Merchandise exports of Africa by destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 140.1 100.0 100.0 6 26 -6 2

Western Europe 71.3 53.9 50.9 4 23 -2 -1

European Union (15) 66.4 50.6 47.4 4 21 -2 -1

North America 23.8 14.2 17.0 10 47 -8 0

Asia 23.5 13.8 16.8 10 31 -16 11

Japan 5.3 3.6 3.8 0 30 -7 39

Other 18.2 10.2 13.0 13 31 -18 4

Intra-Africa 11.4 9.8 8.1 1 7 -12 9

Latin America 4.6 2.2 3.3 14 31 4 -6

Middle East 3.2 1.5 2.3 15 53 -13 3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 0.9 1.4 0.7 -14 -14 4 14

Inter-regional trade 127.3 87.1 90.9 7 29 -6 1

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Table III.58

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Africa, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

Africa 140.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 26 -6 2

South Africa a 29.7 21.0 22.2 20.4 21.2 1 12 -2 2

Algeria 19.1 11.4 12.2 15.0 13.7 17 76 -12 -1

Nigeria 15.1 21.4 12.8 14.3 10.8 11 51 -18 -12

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 11.0 18.0 12.5 8.7 7.8 7 60 -12 -2

Morocco 7.9 2.1 4.0 5.1 5.7 2 1 -4 11

Angola 7.6 1.6 3.7 5.4 5.4 17 54 -18 16

Tunisia 6.8 1.8 3.3 4.0 4.9 1 0 13 3

Côte d'Ivoire 4.4 2.6 2.9 2.7 3.1 0 -17 1 11

Egypt 4.4 2.5 3.3 3.2 3.1 6 32 -12 6

Gabon 2.6 1.8 2.1 1.7 1.8 -2 3 10 -5

Botswana 2.5 0.4 1.7 1.8 1.8 5 3 -10 2

Congo 2.2 0.8 0.9 1.7 1.6 16 60 -25 18

Equatorial Guinea 2.1 0.0 0.1 0.7 1.5 54 55 67 14

Kenya 2.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.5 -2 -1 12 8

Sudan 1.9 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.3 27 132 -6 9

Importers

Africa 135.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0 1 2 2

South Africa a 29.3 20.1 18.5 22.9 21.7 -1 11 -5 4

Egypt 12.6 5.0 12.5 10.8 9.3 4 -13 -9 -2

Morocco 11.6 4.3 7.0 8.9 8.6 3 16 -4 5

Algeria 10.8 10.8 9.8 7.1 8.0 -2 0 6 11

Tunisia 9.5 3.6 5.5 6.6 7.0 2 1 11 0

Nigeria 7.5 17.1 5.6 6.7 5.6 1 2 33 -35

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 5.7 7.0 5.4 2.9 4.2 -7 -3 19 28

Angola 3.8 1.4 1.6 2.3 2.8 16 -2 5 19

Kenya 3.3 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4 1 10 3 3

Côte d'Ivoire 3.1 3.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 -1 -14 -5 17

Ghana 2.8 1.2 1.2 2.3 2.1 9 -15 -17 13

Mauritius 2.2 0.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1 -7 -5 9

Botswana 2.0 0.7 2.0 1.9 1.4 5 11 -27 8

Cameroon 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.3 4 13 24 -3

Sudan 1.8 1.6 0.6 1.2 1.3 5 10 2 13

a Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the Southern African Customs Union.

Note: Recent figures for a number of traders in the region have been estimated by the Secretariat.

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Table III.59

Merchandise exports of the European Union to Africa by product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise exports 62.5 100.0 100.0 0 -1 4 4

Agricultural products 7.6 14.3 12.2 -2 1 -1 6

Food 6.7 11.9 10.7 -2 2 0 6

Mining products 2.7 3.8 4.3 8 57 -17 5

Fuels 1.9 2.4 3.1 11 81 -21 4

Manufactures 51.6 81.4 82.6 0 -4 6 4

Machinery and transport equipment 27.8 42.4 44.4 2 -3 4 2

Power generating machinery 1.4 1.7 2.3 6 5 -2 12

Other non-electrical machinery 8.9 15.2 14.3 -2 -13 9 6

Office and telecom equipment 4.8 5.5 7.8 12 12 -8 -3

Electrical machinery and apparatus 3.3 4.8 5.2 1 -5 3 9

Automotive products 6.6 9.0 10.6 0 4 23 5

Other transport equipment 2.7 6.2 4.3 0 -11 -8 -17

Chemicals 8.1 13.0 12.9 -1 -4 6 8

Other semi-manufactures 4.9 8.8 7.9 -2 -6 8 3

Textiles 3.5 5.7 5.5 0 -6 6 2

Iron and steel 1.7 3.4 2.7 -8 0 20 12

Note: The European Union accounted for 46 per cent of Africa's merchandise imports in 2002.

Table III.60

Merchandise imports of the European Union from Africa by product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise imports 71.0 100.0 100.0 4 25 -1 -2

Agricultural products 12.5 22.7 17.6 -4 -10 4 9

Food 10.0 17.3 14.1 -4 -14 6 12

Raw materials 2.5 5.4 3.5 -4 5 -3 -3

Mining products 33.7 42.3 47.5 9 66 -6 -6

Fuels 29.8 36.5 42.0 9 75 -7 -5

Ores and other minerals 2.1 3.5 3.0 1 8 2 -5

Non-ferrous metals 1.8 2.3 2.5 8 38 2 -10

Manufactures 21.7 29.1 30.5 5 5 8 -7

Clothing 6.3 9.3 8.9 1 -4 6 2

Other semi-manufactures 4.7 6.7 6.6 8 26 7 -23

Note: The European Union accounted for 47 per cent of Africa's merchandise exports in 2002.

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7. Middle East

Table III.61

Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value 244 178

Share in world merchandise trade 3.9 2.7

Annual percentage change

1980-85 -14 -3

1985-90 6 2

1990-95 2 5

1995-00 12 4

2000 43 12

2001 -8 6

2002 0 7

Table III.62

Merchandise trade of the Middle East by regionand by major product group, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Exports Imports

Total 244 100.0 100.0

Region

North America 38 15.5 11.8Latin America 3 1.4 2.7Western Europe 40 16.4 40.3C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2 0.8 4.4Africa 9 3.8 1.9Middle East 17 7.1 10.2Asia 116 47.4 28.7

Product group

Agricultural products 9 3.5 13.4Mining products 175 71.5 6.0Manufactures 58 23.8 78.1

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world

merchandise trade by product and region.

0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.15

Merchandise trade of the Middle East,1990-02(Billion dollars)

0

1

2

3

4

5

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.16

Share of the Middle East in world merchandise trade, 1990-02(Percentage based on value data)

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Table III.63

Merchandise exports of the Middle East by major product group and main destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise

World 244.3 100.0 100.0 12 44 -8 0

Asia 115.7 46.9 47.4 13 50 -9 0

Western Europe 40.0 21.6 16.4 9 43 -15 -5

North America 37.8 11.4 15.5 20 54 -5 -7

Middle East 17.2 7.7 7.1 5 11 8 10

Mining products

World 174.7 100.0 100.0 13 55 -12 -2

Asia 102.6 56.2 58.7 14 55 -11 -1

Western Europe 24.3 19.0 13.9 10 67 -21 -8

North America 21.5 9.2 12.3 21 71 -5 -13

Manufactures

World 58.1 100.0 100.0 10 20 1 5

North America 14.8 19.2 25.5 19 37 -6 2

Western Europe 13.1 27.8 22.6 8 14 -4 -2

Asia 11.5 24.8 19.8 3 20 6 8

Middle East 9.0 14.3 15.5 7 15 18 10

Agriculture

World 8.6 100.0 100.0 2 3 9 9

Table III.64

Merchandise exports of the Middle East by destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 244.3 100.0 100.0 12 44 -8 0

Asia 115.7 46.9 47.4 13 50 -9 0

Japan 41.3 19.7 16.9 11 62 -10 -8

Other 74.5 27.2 30.5 14 44 -9 6

Western Europe 40.0 21.6 16.4 9 43 -15 -5

European Union (15) 35.6 19.2 14.6 9 43 -16 -6

North America 37.8 11.4 15.5 20 54 -5 -7

Intra-Middle East 17.2 7.7 7.1 5 11 8 10

Africa 9.4 3.5 3.8 15 42 -10 -1

Latin America 3.4 2.0 1.4 1 36 -4 10

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2.0 1.4 0.8 -5 9 14 9

Inter-regional trade 208.3 86.8 85.3 12 49 -10 -2

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Table III.65

Imports of fuels of selected regions and economies from the Middle East, 1995 and 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

North America 10.5 21.1 19 72 -5 -13

United States 10.1 20.0 19 69 -5 -13

Canada a 0.4 1.2 20 169 3 5

Western Europe 21.6 25.0 10 69 -21 -8

European Union (15) 19.1 22.4 11 69 -23 -8

Turkey 2.3 2.0 0 58 -10 0

Asia 62.5 102.2 13 55 -11 -1

Japan 29.2 39.3 10 66 -10 -8

Korea, Republic of 10.5 18.9 18 84 -10 -14

Singapore 7.2 9.1 8 46 -15 2

China 1.3 7.3 46 212 -17 1

Taipei, Chinese b 2.9 5.4 13 71 1 ...

Thailand b 1.9 5.1 23 54 -7 ...

Pakistan 1.8 2.9 15 73 -20 1

Philippines 2.0 2.2 9 56 -14 -18

India b 2.9 0.5 -25 -92 -26 ...

a Imports are valued f.o.b.b 2001 instead of 2002.

Table III.66

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the Middle East, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

Middle East 244.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12 43 -8 0

Saudi Arabia 73.9 51.4 32.1 29.0 30.3 9 53 -6 1United Arab Emirates 47.3 10.4 17.0 18.7 19.4 12 37 -5 -1Israel 29.5 2.6 8.7 11.8 12.1 11 22 -8 2Iran, Islamic Rep. of 24.4 6.6 13.9 10.6 10.0 9 35 -16 3Kuwait 15.4 9.3 5.1 7.3 6.3 9 60 -17 -5

Iraq 13.5 12.4 8.9 7.7 5.5 111 61 -23 -15Oman 11.2 1.8 4.0 4.1 4.6 12 50 2 1Qatar 11.0 2.7 2.8 4.3 4.5 26 61 -6 1Syrian Arab Republic 5.5 1.0 3.0 1.7 2.3 5 34 13 6Bahrain 5.4 1.7 2.7 2.3 2.2 9 42 -10 -4

Importers

Middle East 177.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 12 6 7

Israel 35.5 9.6 16.6 24.0 20.0 5 14 -6 0Saudi Arabia 32.3 29.7 23.8 19.2 18.2 1 8 3 3United Arab Emirates 32.2 8.6 11.1 17.0 18.1 5 7 13 7Iran, Islamic Rep. of 22.2 12.1 20.1 9.1 12.5 1 13 25 24Iraq 12.0 13.7 7.6 7.1 6.7 76 62 -1 9

Kuwait 9.0 6.4 3.9 4.6 5.0 -2 -6 10 14Lebanon 6.4 3.6 2.5 4.0 3.6 -3 0 17 -12Oman 6.0 1.7 2.6 3.2 3.4 3 8 15 4Syrian Arab Republic 5.2 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.9 -4 0 25 10Jordan 5.0 3.4 2.6 2.9 2.8 4 24 5 2

Note: Recent figures for a number of significant traders in the region have been estimated by the Secretariat.

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8. Asia

Table III.67

Merchandise trade of Asia, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value 1620 1458

Share in world merchandise trade 25.8 22.4

Annual percentage change

Value

1980-85 5 2

1985-90 13 14

1990-95 12 12

1995-00 5 3

2000 19 23

2001 -9 -7

2002 8 6

Volume

1980-85 7.5 5.0

1985-90 7.0 11.5

1990-95 7.5 10.5

1995-00 8.5 5.5

2000 16.0 16.5

2001 -4.0 -1.5

2002 10.5 9.5

Table III.68

Merchandise trade of Asia by regionand by major product group, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Exports Imports

Total 1620 100.0 100.0

Region

North America 394 24.3 14.6

Latin America 39 2.4 1.7

Western Europe 260 16.0 15.0

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 21 1.3 1.7

Africa 26 1.6 1.7

Middle East 48 3.0 8.3

Asia 792 48.9 57.0

Product group

Agricultural products 106 6.6 9.5

Mining products 115 7.1 16.9

Manufactures 1355 83.6 71.1

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world

merchandise trade by product and region.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

02010099989796959493929190

ExportsImports

Chart III.17

Merchandise trade of Asia,1990-02(Billion dollars)

10

15

20

25

30

02010099989796959493929190

Exports

Imports

Chart III.18

Share of Asia in world merchandise trade, 1990-02(Percentage based on value data)

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Table III.69

Merchandise exports of Asia by major product group and main destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in total Share in product Annual percentageValue merchandise group change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Total merchandise

World 1620.2 100.0 100.0 - - 5 -9 8

Intra-Asia 792.3 51.2 48.9 - - 4 -10 9

Japan 146.4 9.8 9.0 - - 4 -6 -1

Other 645.9 41.3 39.9 - - 4 -10 12

North America 394.0 23.8 24.3 - - 6 -11 5

Western Europe 259.5 16.4 16.0 - - 6 -10 3

All other regions 134.8 7.2 8.3 - - 5 3 7

Manufactures

World 1354.6 83.2 83.6 100.0 100.0 5 -10 8

Intra-Asia 614.9 39.2 38.0 47.1 45.4 4 -11 11

Japan 99.9 5.8 6.2 7.0 7.4 7 -6 0

Other 515.0 33.4 31.8 40.1 38.0 4 -12 13

North America 368.0 22.3 22.7 26.8 27.2 6 -12 5

Western Europe 231.5 14.5 14.3 17.5 17.1 6 -11 3

All other regions 113.8 6.1 7.0 7.3 8.4 6 2 7

Mining products

World 114.8 6.3 7.1 100.0 100.0 9 -10 2

Intra-Asia 91.2 5.3 5.6 84.8 79.4 7 -7 -1

Japan 26.4 2.0 1.6 31.7 23.0 4 -8 -8

Other 64.8 3.3 4.0 53.1 56.4 9 -7 2

Western Europe 6.8 0.4 0.4 5.6 5.9 11 -8 -4

North America 5.3 0.3 0.3 5.3 4.6 12 -14 -18

All other regions 3.4 0.1 0.2 1.9 2.9 22 -23 5

Agricultural products

World 106.2 8.3 6.6 100.0 100.0 -2 -1 7

Intra-Asia 64.6 5.4 4.0 65.0 60.8 -2 -2 6

Japan 19.2 1.9 1.2 23.0 18.0 -4 -6 0

Other 45.5 3.5 2.8 42.0 42.8 -2 0 9

Western Europe 14.2 1.2 0.9 14.7 13.4 -2 -3 3

North America 13.9 0.8 0.9 9.9 13.1 4 -1 5

All other regions 12.2 0.8 0.8 9.9 11.4 -1 6 11

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Table III.70

Merchandise exports of Asia by product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in exports Share in Value of Asia world exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total merchandise exports 1620.2 100.0 100.0 26.2 25.8 5 19 -9 8

Agricultural products 106.2 8.3 6.6 18.6 18.2 -2 5 -1 7

Food 83.8 6.1 5.2 17.7 17.9 -1 2 2 7

Raw materials 22.4 2.3 1.4 21.7 19.6 -4 15 -11 7

Mining products 114.8 6.3 7.1 15.5 14.6 9 44 -10 2

Ores and other minerals 15.6 1.0 1.0 21.7 25.0 4 21 0 -2

Fuels 78.3 4.0 4.8 14.2 12.7 11 57 -12 2

Non-ferrous metals 20.9 1.3 1.3 16.2 19.0 5 20 -9 4

Manufactures 1354.6 83.2 83.6 29.3 28.8 5 18 -10 8

Iron and steel 33.4 2.6 2.1 22.4 23.5 0 18 -14 11

Chemicals 106.8 5.8 6.6 15.7 16.2 6 19 -5 11

Other semi-manufactures 95.6 6.2 5.9 20.5 20.8 3 11 -5 10

Machinery and transport equipment 797.3 48.3 49.2 32.6 31.4 6 21 -13 9

Automotive products 122.8 7.4 7.6 21.0 19.8 4 9 -6 14

Office and telecom equipment 422.1 23.7 26.1 51.1 50.4 8 25 -15 10

Other machinery and transport equipment 252.4 17.2 15.6 25.7 23.4 4 20 -11 5

Textiles 67.7 5.0 4.2 42.8 44.5 1 13 -8 6

Clothing 89.9 5.4 5.6 44.4 44.8 5 15 -4 3

Other consumer goods 163.8 9.9 10.1 30.0 29.6 5 14 -7 7

Table III.71

Merchandise exports of Asia by destination, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

World 1620.2 100.0 100.0 5 19 -9 8

Intra-Asia 792.3 51.2 48.9 4 24 -10 9

Japan 146.4 9.8 9.0 4 27 -6 -1China 135.6 5.9 8.4 7 28 0 27Australia and New Zealand 41.8 2.5 2.6 4 5 -7 12Other 468.5 33.0 28.9 3 24 -13 8

North America 394.0 23.8 24.3 6 15 -11 5

Western Europe 259.5 16.4 16.0 6 11 -10 3European Union (15) 243.5 15.4 15.0 5 11 -10 3

Middle East 48.5 2.4 3.0 6 13 5 9

Latin America 39.4 2.2 2.4 8 23 -4 -3

Africa 25.9 1.5 1.6 3 5 9 7South Africa 6.3 0.5 0.4 0 15 -12 6Other Africa 19.6 1.0 1.2 4 1 17 7

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 21.1 1.1 1.3 2 19 10 26C./E. Europe 9.4 0.4 0.6 7 13 6 25Russian Federation 8.1 0.5 0.5 -7 27 14 30

Inter-regional trade 788.4 47.4 48.7 6 14 -9 5

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Table III.72

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Asia, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Annual percentage change

Value Share Value Volume

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

Asia 1620.2 100.0 100.0 5 19 -9 8 8.5 16.0 -4.0 10.5

Japan 416.7 34.0 25.7 2 14 -16 3 4.5 9.5 -10.0 8.5China 325.6 11.4 20.1 11 28 7 22 ... ... ... ...Hong Kong, China 201.2 - - 3 16 -6 5 5.0 17.0 -3.5 8.5

domestic exports 18.3 2.3 1.1 -5 5 -14 -10 -3.0 7.5 -10.0 -11.0re-exports 182.9 - - 4 18 -5 7 6.5 18.5 -2.5 11.0

Korea, Republic of 162.5 9.6 10.0 7 20 -13 8 19.0 20.5 0.5 13.5Taipei, Chinese 135.1 8.7 8.3 6 23 -17 7 6.0 10.0 -14.5 7.0

Singapore 125.2 9.1 7.7 3 20 -12 3 7.0 15.5 -4.5 5.0domestic exports 66.8 5.3 4.1 3 15 -16 1 6.0 10.0 -11.0 3.5re-exports 58.3 3.7 3.6 4 28 -6 5 9.0 26.5 -5.5 5.5

Malaysia 93.3 5.7 5.8 6 16 -10 6 11.0 19.5 -6.5 6.0Thailand 68.9 4.3 4.2 4 18 -6 6 7.5 22.0 -5.5 13.5Australia 65.0 4.1 4.0 4 14 -1 3 7.5 10.0 3.0 0.5Indonesia 57.1 3.5 3.5 6 28 -9 1 11.0 24.0 -5.5 0.0

India 49.3 2.4 3.0 7 19 2 14 11.5 20.0 6.5 12.0Philippines 36.3 1.3 2.2 18 9 -18 11 26.0 30.5 -1.0 9.5Viet Nam 16.5 0.4 1.0 22 25 5 9 ... … … …New Zealand 14.4 1.0 0.9 -1 7 3 5 3.5 5.5 5.0 6.0Pakistan 9.9 0.6 0.6 2 6 2 7 12.5 17.0 9.0 …

Importers

Asia 1458.0 100.0 100.0 3 23 -7 6 5.5 16.5 -1.5 9.5

Japan 337.2 26.7 23.1 2 22 -8 -3 4.5 11.0 -1.5 1.5China 295.2 10.5 20.2 11 36 8 21 ... ... ... ...Hong Kong, China 207.2 - - 2 18 -6 3 4.0 18.0 -2.0 8.0

retained imports 24.3 4.1 1.7 -8 22 -11 -22 -5.5 21.0 -7.0 -18.0Korea, Republic of 152.1 10.7 10.4 4 34 -12 8 7.0 19.0 -2.5 12.0Singapore 116.4 9.9 8.0 2 21 -14 0 5.0 15.0 -12.5 1.0

retained imports 58.1 6.0 4.0 0 16 -20 -4 ... … … …

Taipei, Chinese 112.6 8.2 7.7 6 26 -23 5 7.0 10.0 -12.0 10.5Malaysia 79.9 6.2 5.5 1 26 -10 8 4.5 24.0 -8.0 8.5Australia 72.7 4.9 5.0 3 3 -11 14 8.0 5.5 -5.5 14.5Thailand 64.7 5.6 4.4 -3 23 0 4 2.5 21.5 -10.5 11.0India 56.6 2.8 3.9 8 10 -2 12 8.0 6.0 1.5 11.5

Philippines 35.2 2.3 2.4 4 4 -7 12 10.5 22.0 11.0 11.5Indonesia 31.3 3.2 2.1 -4 40 -7 1 -1.0 37.0 -4.0 0.0Viet Nam 19.0 0.6 1.3 14 33 2 19 … … … …New Zealand 15.1 1.1 1.0 0 -3 -4 13 4.0 -2.5 2.0 9.0Pakistan 11.2 0.9 0.8 0 10 -10 10 1.5 -1.5 12.0 …

Memorandum item:

ASEAN (10)Exports 404.9 24.7 25.0 6 19 -10 5 … … … …

Imports 352.9 28.2 24.2 1 22 -8 5 … … … …

SAPTA (7)Exports 70.7 3.6 4.4 7 17 0 10 … … … …

Imports 83.8 4.7 5.7 6 10 -4 9 … … … …

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Table III.73

Merchandise trade of Japan by region and economy, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Destination Annual Origin Annualpercentage percentage

Value Share change Value Share change

2002 1995 2002 2001 2002 2002 1995 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 416.73 100.0 100.0 -16 3 World 337.19 100.0 100.0 -8 -3

Asia 189.66 45.9 45.5 -17 10 Asia 163.12 42.2 48.4 -6 -1

North America 127.75 28.9 30.7 -15 -1 North America 65.85 25.8 19.5 -12 -8

Western Europe 65.43 16.9 15.7 -18 -5 Western Europe 48.64 16.2 14.4 -5 -1

Middle East 11.38 2.0 2.7 8 8 Middle East 40.73 9.4 12.1 -10 -8

Latin America 10.51 2.7 2.5 -12 -10 Latin America 8.63 3.4 2.6 -14 -5

Africa 3.95 1.3 0.9 -11 6 Africa 5.67 1.4 1.7 -8 25

C./E. Europe/ C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2.91 0.5 0.7 -3 19 Baltic States/CIS 4.56 1.7 1.4 -11 -11

Economy Economy

United States 120.39 27.5 28.9 -15 -2 China 61.78 10.7 18.3 5 7

European Union (15) 61.43 15.9 14.7 -18 -5 United States 58.81 22.6 17.4 -12 -8

China 52.50 7.5 12.6 0 24 European Union (15) 43.85 14.5 13.0 -5 -2

Korea, Republic of 28.57 7.0 6.9 -18 13 Korea, Republic of 15.49 5.1 4.6 -16 -10

Taipei, Chinese 26.24 6.5 6.3 -33 8 Indonesia 14.18 4.2 4.2 -9 -5

Above 5 289.13 64.6 69.4 -16 4 Above 5 194.11 57.2 57.6 -6 -2

Hong Kong, China 25.40 6.3 6.1 -14 9 Australia 14.02 4.3 4.2 -2 -3

Singapore 14.19 5.2 3.4 -29 -4 Taipei, Chinese 13.58 4.3 4.0 -21 -4

Thailand 13.18 4.5 3.2 -13 11 Saudi Arabia 11.63 2.9 3.4 -13 -6

Malaysia 11.02 3.8 2.6 -21 0 United Arab Emirates 11.60 3.0 3.4 -13 -10

Philippines 8.46 1.6 2.0 -20 3 Malaysia 11.20 3.1 3.3 -11 -13

Australia 8.31 1.8 2.0 -10 8 Thailand 10.51 3.0 3.1 -2 1

Canada 7.34 1.3 1.8 -12 12 Canada 7.16 3.2 2.1 -11 -8

Indonesia 6.24 2.2 1.5 -16 -3 Philippines 6.54 1.0 1.9 -11 2

Mexico 3.78 0.8 0.9 -21 -8 Qatar 5.25 0.6 1.6 3 -13

Saudi Arabia 3.76 0.6 0.9 16 4 Singapore 5.01 2.0 1.5 -16 -7

United Arab Emirates 2.95 0.5 0.7 1 15 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 4.74 0.8 1.4 -6 -6

Viet Nam 2.13 0.2 0.5 -10 20 Kuwait 4.21 0.8 1.2 -11 -5

India 1.87 0.6 0.4 -23 -3 Switzerland 3.30 1.2 1.0 0 0

Brazil 1.81 0.6 0.4 -2 -27 Russian Federation 3.28 1.4 1.0 -16 -15

Switzerland 1.61 0.5 0.4 -6 -18 South Africa 2.89 - 0.9 -7 4

South Africa 1.56 0.6 0.4 -20 5 Brazil 2.67 1.2 0.8 -15 5

New Zealand 1.44 0.4 0.3 -6 22 Viet Nam 2.53 0.5 0.8 -1 -3

Russian Federation 0.94 0.3 0.2 26 32 Chile 2.15 0.9 0.6 -14 -12

Kuwait 0.87 0.1 0.2 13 31 Oman 2.10 0.6 0.6 16 -11

Oman 0.86 0.2 0.2 6 9 India 2.10 0.9 0.6 -16 -6

Turkey 0.85 0.2 0.2 -39 15 New Zealand 1.90 0.8 0.6 -6 -7

Hungary 0.80 0.1 0.2 -13 9 Mexico 1.80 0.4 0.5 -16 -10

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 0.78 0.1 0.2 39 -3 Brunei Darussalam 1.52 0.4 0.5 3 -10

Israel 0.73 0.2 0.2 -27 -22 Hong Kong, China 1.42 0.8 0.4 -13 -2

Pakistan 0.72 0.3 0.2 -17 43 Norway 1.07 0.3 0.3 -12 2

Above 30 410.71 97.5 98.6 - - Above 30 328.28 96.6 97.4 - -

Note: Export figures by region and major trading partner are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by region (Appendix table A2).

See the Technical Notes for details.

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Table III.74

Merchandise exports of the United States, the European Union and Japan to China by major product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's

total merchandise tolal exports by Annual percentage

Value exports product group change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

United States

Total merchandise exports 22.1 100.0 100.0 2.0 3.2 7 24 18 15

Agricultural products 2.9 26.7 13.1 3.9 4.2 -5 88 13 7

Food 1.5 15.0 6.7 3.0 2.8 -3 98 2 -4

Mining products 1.3 3.5 5.8 1.7 5.2 20 77 18 5

Manufactures 17.6 68.5 80.0 1.8 3.1 9 14 20 17

Chemicals 3.0 17.1 13.4 3.3 3.5 3 11 -5 34

Other semi-manufactures 0.9 2.8 4.1 1.0 2.1 19 32 -1 15

Machinery and transport equipment 11.8 41.1 53.4 1.7 3.4 11 13 27 15

Other non-electrical machinery 2.6 13.9 12.0 3.0 4.3 2 36 20 22

Office and telecom equipment 3.9 9.8 17.8 1.2 3.6 23 44 22 0

Other transport equipment 3.5 10.4 15.9 3.5 6.5 8 -25 44 37

Other consumer goods 1.7 5.5 7.8 1.2 2.4 14 17 31 7

European Union (15)

Total merchandise exports 31.9 100.0 100.0 0.9 1.3 4 14 15 20

Agricultural products 1.1 5.7 3.5 0.4 0.5 2 2 -13 10

Food 0.5 4.3 1.5 0.4 0.2 -11 -29 -11 13

Mining products 1.0 1.4 3.3 0.3 0.8 24 19 1 28

Manufactures 29.5 92.4 92.2 1.0 1.5 4 14 17 20

Chemicals 3.0 6.8 9.5 0.5 0.8 11 24 9 27

Other semi-manufactures 2.2 3.7 7.0 0.3 1.0 19 19 5 28

Machinery and transport equipment 20.8 74.3 65.1 1.7 2.0 2 12 18 17

Other non-electrical machinery 9.8 37.0 30.7 3.3 4.4 -5 3 30 42

Office and telecom equipment 3.1 13.6 9.8 1.6 1.3 13 28 -6 -29

Other consumer goods 2.1 3.9 6.5 0.4 0.9 11 22 26 29

Japan

Total merchandise exports 52.5 100.0 100.0 7.5 12.6 5 25 0 24

Agricultural products 0.9 2.3 1.8 16.6 20.7 2 10 1 9

Mining products 1.8 2.9 3.5 13.7 26.7 8 -1 23 2

Non-ferrous metals 0.9 1.8 1.8 15.0 22.8 8 -8 8 -3

Manufactures 49.7 93.3 94.7 7.4 12.8 5 26 -1 26

Iron and steel 3.8 10.2 7.2 19.5 24.3 -3 23 -10 39

Chemicals 6.2 9.6 11.7 10.7 18.5 11 19 -7 21

Other semi-manufactures 2.1 3.6 4.0 6.0 11.8 10 20 -3 12

Machinery and transport equipment 30.7 53.7 58.4 5.8 11.0 5 29 2 29

Other non-electrical machinery 8.6 23.5 16.6 8.3 13.8 -2 24 10 32

Office and telecom equipment 12.7 18.0 24.2 5.6 15.7 10 29 1 29

Electrical machinery and apparatus 5.3 8.2 9.1 5.8 13.0 14 33 -6 14

Textiles 2.5 8.1 4.8 37.5 41.7 2 22 -7 -7

Other consumer goods 4.3 7.5 8.2 7.3 12.5 6 32 -4 35

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Table III.75

Merchandise imports of the United States, the European Union and Japan from China by major product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's

total merchandise tolal imports by Annual percentage

Value imports product group change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

United States

Total merchandise imports 133.5 100.0 100.0 6.3 11.1 17 23 1 22

Agricultural products 2.2 1.8 1.6 1.7 3.0 13 17 7 27Food 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.8 3.1 12 20 11 30

Mining products 1.0 1.8 0.7 1.1 0.7 10 67 -28 -6

Manufactures 128.9 95.6 96.6 7.6 13.8 17 22 2 22Chemicals 2.6 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.9 16 9 13 17Other semi-manufactures 11.3 6.1 8.4 5.5 13.4 24 26 8 23Machinery and transport equipment 48.2 25.8 36.1 3.5 9.4 24 32 0 32

Office and telecom equipment 31.3 15.7 23.4 5.4 18.1 24 32 -1 40Electrical machinery and apparatus 9.9 6.2 7.4 9.0 18.9 24 31 1 12

Textiles 2.7 2.5 2.0 11.6 15.8 10 15 2 35Clothing 10.1 12.7 7.6 14.9 15.1 8 15 4 9Other consumer goods 53.6 46.0 40.1 25.5 36.5 15 16 2 17

Toys and games 16.0 15.0 11.9 52.3 68.2 14 11 -3 16Footwear 10.8 12.7 8.1 48.4 66.6 10 9 6 5Travel goods 3.1 3.5 2.3 47.4 64.2 7 13 -2 32Furniture 8.0 2.1 6.0 11.2 34.0 39 39 11 37

European Union (15)

Total merchandise imports 77.1 100.0 100.0 1.8 3.1 13 22 5 14

Agricultural products 2.1 5.5 2.7 0.7 0.8 4 10 4 -11Food 1.4 3.4 1.9 0.6 0.7 4 12 12 -11

Mining products 1.2 3.1 1.6 0.5 0.5 3 21 16 -13

Manufactures 73.6 91.3 95.5 2.2 4.0 14 23 5 16Chemicals 2.9 5.7 3.8 0.9 1.0 4 9 9 11Other semi-manufactures 6.1 7.3 7.9 1.5 3.2 15 20 6 13Machinery and transport equipment 30.6 24.2 39.7 1.2 3.2 23 40 8 19

Office and telecom equipment 18.6 13.8 24.1 2.5 6.7 23 45 13 23Electrical machinery and apparatus 7.2 6.6 9.4 2.8 7.9 24 36 -7 16

Textiles 2.1 3.9 2.7 2.5 4.6 7 22 0 15Clothing 9.8 16.3 12.7 7.9 11.5 8 4 4 15Other consumer goods 21.8 32.9 28.3 6.4 9.5 11 17 0 13

Toys and games 6.5 10.1 8.5 26.0 35.8 11 16 -2 15Footwear 2.0 3.2 2.6 6.7 9.7 9 16 6 9Travel goods 2.5 5.2 3.3 40.4 45.1 8 10 -2 2Furniture 1.6 1.2 2.1 2.0 6.2 24 32 5 32

Japan

Total merchandise imports 61.8 100.0 100.0 10.7 18.3 9 29 5 7

Agricultural products 6.8 16.0 11.1 7.7 12.4 4 13 -1 -1Food 5.9 13.4 9.6 8.9 13.3 4 12 1 -1

Mining products 2.9 8.8 4.6 4.2 3.5 0 47 -10 -2

Manufactures 51.7 74.8 83.6 15.1 26.7 11 30 7 9Chemicals 1.7 3.5 2.8 5.3 6.8 5 22 6 3Other semi-manufactures 3.5 4.3 5.6 9.5 23.8 12 29 11 13Machinery and transport equipment 19.0 12.9 30.8 6.1 20.2 23 41 16 26

Office and telecom equipment 10.9 6.0 17.7 5.8 22.2 24 51 27 35Electrical machinery and apparatus 4.8 3.9 7.8 15.6 35.7 24 37 1 15

Textiles 2.2 5.2 3.5 31.3 47.5 2 18 5 1Clothing 13.8 29.5 22.3 56.6 78.1 7 29 1 -7Other consumer goods 11.0 16.1 17.9 18.7 31.6 11 22 7 7

Toys and games 2.1 2.6 3.4 26.4 63.5 14 15 7 8Footwear 2.0 3.9 3.2 47.3 67.4 7 13 4 -2Travel goods 1.3 2.7 2.1 32.9 45.2 5 20 4 -2Furniture 1.5 1.8 2.4 20.8 39.1 11 51 23 11

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Table III.76

Merchandise exports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-02

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Destination ASEAN (10) All other regions World

Origin Total Asia Other regions

Value

Indonesia 1990 2.57 23.11 15.31 7.80 25.681995 6.50 38.92 22.15 16.77 45.422001 9.51 46.94 26.18 20.76 56.452002 9.93 47.20 26.56 20.64 57.13

Malaysia 1990 8.62 20.83 9.65 11.18 29.451995 20.41 53.51 22.83 30.68 73.912001 22.13 65.88 30.47 35.41 88.012002 24.28 68.99 32.70 36.28 93.27

Philippines 1990 0.59 7.58 2.59 4.98 8.171995 2.36 15.14 5.04 10.10 17.502001 4.99 27.68 10.97 16.71 32.662002 5.53 30.74 13.36 17.38 36.27

Singapore a 1990 13.57 39.16 15.16 24.00 52.731995 38.24 80.03 34.81 45.21 118.272001 35.98 85.77 42.24 43.53 121.752002 38.10 87.08 43.59 43.49 125.18

Thailand 1990 2.75 20.32 6.78 13.54 23.071995 12.33 44.11 18.17 25.95 56.442001 12.60 52.51 22.06 30.45 65.112002 13.57 55.28 24.36 30.93 68.85

ASEAN (10) 1990 28.95 115.24 ... ... 144.201995 81.88 239.00 ... ... 320.882001 90.35 295.60 ... ... 385.942002 97.23 307.70 ... ... 404.93

Share

Indonesia 1995 2.0 12.1 6.9 5.2 14.22002 2.5 11.7 15.4 11.6 14.1

Malaysia 1995 6.4 16.7 7.1 9.6 23.02002 6.0 17.0 8.1 9.0 23.0

Philippines 1995 0.7 4.7 1.6 3.1 5.52002 1.4 7.6 3.3 4.3 9.0

Singapore 1995 11.9 24.9 10.8 14.1 36.92002 9.4 21.5 10.8 10.7 30.9

Thailand 1995 3.8 13.7 5.7 8.1 17.62002 3.4 13.7 6.0 7.6 17.0

ASEAN (10) 1995 25.5 74.5 ... ... 100.02002 24.0 76.0 ... ... 100.0

Annual percentage change

Indonesia 1995-00 11 6 5 6 62001 -13 -8 -10 -7 -92002 4 1 1 -1 1

Malaysia 1995-00 5 6 8 5 62001 -15 -9 -7 -10 -102002 10 5 7 2 6

Philippines 1995-00 20 17 20 16 182001 -17 -18 -13 -21 -182002 11 11 22 4 11

Singapore 1995-00 2 4 5 3 32001 -13 -11 -6 -15 -122002 6 2 3 0 3

Thailand 1995-00 2 5 5 4 42001 -6 -6 -6 -6 -62002 8 5 10 2 6

ASEAN (10) 1995-00 3 5 ... ... 52001 -12 -9 ... ... -102002 8 4 ... ... 5

a Includes significant re-exports.

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Table III.77

Merchandise imports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-02

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Origin ASEAN (10) All other regions World

Destination Total Asia Other regions

Value

Indonesia 1990 1.88 19.96 10.12 9.83 21.841995 4.22 36.41 18.13 18.29 40.632001 5.46 25.55 12.82 12.73 31.012002 6.77 24.52 12.32 12.20 31.29

Malaysia 1990 5.65 23.61 12.12 11.49 29.261995 13.52 64.17 34.85 29.32 77.692001 16.72 57.15 29.82 27.33 73.872002 18.30 61.57 33.91 27.66 79.87

Philippines 1990 1.37 11.67 5.22 6.45 13.041995 3.36 24.98 12.64 12.34 28.342001 4.99 26.37 13.94 12.43 31.362002 5.73 29.50 15.89 13.61 35.23

Singapore a 1990 12.45 48.32 20.78 27.54 60.771995 31.50 93.01 44.38 48.63 124.512001 34.38 81.62 33.37 48.26 116.002002 35.82 80.62 34.29 46.33 116.44

Thailand 1990 4.37 28.68 15.82 12.86 33.051995 9.51 61.28 32.62 28.66 70.792001 10.04 52.02 25.76 26.26 62.062002 10.82 53.90 29.31 24.60 64.72

ASEAN (10) 1990 26.31 136.02 ... ... 162.331995 66.88 288.43 ... ... 355.312001 76.68 259.98 ... ... 336.662002 83.43 269.50 ... ... 352.93

Share

Indonesia 1995 1.2 10.2 5.1 5.1 11.42002 1.9 6.9 3.5 3.5 8.9

Malaysia 1995 3.8 18.1 9.8 8.3 21.92002 5.2 17.4 9.6 7.8 22.6

Philippines 1995 0.9 7.0 3.6 3.5 8.02002 1.6 8.4 4.5 3.9 10.0

Singapore 1995 8.9 26.2 12.5 13.7 35.02002 10.1 22.8 9.7 13.1 33.0

Thailand 1995 2.7 17.2 9.2 8.1 19.92002 3.1 15.3 8.3 7.0 18.3

ASEAN (10) 1995 18.8 81.2 ... ... 100.02002 23.6 76.4 ... ... 100.0

Annual percentage change

Indonesia 1995-00 9 -6 -5 -6 -42001 -16 -5 -7 -4 -72002 24 -4 -4 -4 1

Malaysia 1995-00 8 -1 -1 -1 12001 -15 -8 -12 -4 -102002 9 8 14 1 8

Philippines 1995-00 10 3 3 2 42001 -9 -7 -4 -10 -72002 15 12 14 9 12

Singapore 1995-00 5 0 -1 2 22001 -14 -14 -20 -9 -142002 4 -1 3 -4 0

Thailand 1995-00 2 -3 -4 -3 -32001 -3 1 -4 6 02002 8 4 14 -6 4

ASEAN (10) 1995-00 5 -1 ... ... 12001 -12 -7 ... ... -82002 9 4 ... ... 5

a Includes significant imports for re-export.

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Table III.78

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Asia, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

Asia 321.6 100.0 100.0 3 12 -1 7

Japan 64.9 24.4 20.2 1 13 -7 2

Hong Kong, China 45.2 13.1 14.0 3 13 2 9

China 39.4 7.0 12.2 10 15 9 20

Korea, Republic of 27.1 8.4 8.4 6 15 -6 -4

Singapore 26.9 11.3 8.4 -2 13 -2 3

India 23.5 2.6 7.3 21 26 19 12

Taipei, Chinese 21.1 5.7 6.6 6 16 -2 9

Australia 16.7 6.0 5.2 3 6 -12 5

Thailand 15.2 5.6 4.7 -1 -5 -6 18

Malaysia 14.8 4.4 4.6 4 17 4 3

Indonesia 5.4 2.0 1.7 -1 14 6 0

New Zealand 5.2 1.7 1.6 0 1 -1 22

Macao, China 4.3 1.2 1.4 1 21 15 15

Philippines 3.0 ... 0.9 ... -18 -21 -3

Viet Nam a ... 0.8 0.9 5 8 4 ...

Importers

Asia 366.8 100.0 100.0 2 8 -2 3

Japan 106.6 37.1 29.1 -1 1 -7 0

China 46.1 7.5 12.6 8 16 9 18

Korea, Republic of 35.1 7.8 9.6 5 23 -2 8

Taipei, Chinese 24.3 7.0 6.6 2 11 -8 3

Hong Kong, China 24.2 6.3 6.6 3 4 -1 0

India 21.8 3.1 5.9 14 15 17 -5

Singapore 20.6 5.3 5.6 5 13 -6 1

Australia 17.5 5.1 4.8 1 -1 -7 7

Thailand 16.6 5.7 4.5 -4 14 -6 14

Malaysia 16.2 4.5 4.4 2 14 0 -2

Indonesia 16.0 4.0 4.3 2 30 6 2

New Zealand 4.6 1.4 1.3 -1 -1 -7 11

Philippines 4.2 ... 1.2 ... -19 -16 -17

Viet Nam a ... 0.6 1.0 10 7 4 ...

Pakistan a ... 0.7 0.6 -3 11 5 ...

a Includes Secretariat estimates.

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Table III.79

Trade in commercial services of Japan, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1995 2002 2002 1995 2002

Total commercial services 64.9 100.0 100.0 106.6 100.0 100.0

Transportation 24.0 35.2 37.0 31.5 29.6 29.6

Sea transport 16.1 23.1 24.9 20.1 19.0 18.9

Air transport 7.9 12.1 12.1 11.3 10.6 10.6

Other transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Travel 3.5 5.0 5.4 26.7 30.2 25.0

Other commercial services 37.4 59.8 57.6 48.4 40.2 45.4

Communication services 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.9

Construction services 4.6 10.3 7.1 3.6 2.6 3.4

Insurance services -0.4 0.5 -0.6 3.2 2.1 3.0

Financial services 3.1 0.5 4.8 1.6 0.4 1.5

Computer and information services 1.1 ... 1.8 2.1 ... 2.0

Royalties and licence fees 10.4 9.4 16.1 11.0 7.7 10.3

Other business services 17.4 38.2 26.8 24.7 26.2 23.2

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.3 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.5 1.1

Table III.80

Trade in commercial services of China, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1997 2002 2002 1997 2002

Total commercial services 39.4 100.0 100.0 46.1 100.0 100.0

Transportation 5.7 12.1 14.5 13.6 35.9 29.5

Sea transport 2.5 4.0 6.4 8.4 24.5 18.3

Air transport 1.7 2.7 4.2 3.5 6.5 7.6

Other transport 1.6 5.3 3.9 1.7 4.8 3.7

Travel 20.4 49.3 51.8 15.4 29.3 33.4

Other commercial services 13.3 38.7 33.7 17.1 34.8 37.0

Communication services 0.6 1.1 1.4 0.5 1.0 1.0

Construction services 1.2 2.4 3.2 1.0 4.4 2.1

Insurance services 0.2 0.7 0.5 3.2 3.8 7.0

Financial services 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.2

Computer and information services 0.6 0.3 1.6 1.1 0.8 2.5

Royalties and licence fees 0.1 0.2 0.3 3.1 2.0 6.8

Other business services 10.4 33.7 26.5 8.0 21.5 17.3

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

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Table III.81

Trade in commercial services of Taipei, Chinese, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1995 2002 2002 1995 2002

Total commercial services 21.1 100.0 100.0 24.3 100.0 100.0

Transportation 3.7 30.5 17.6 6.4 27.6 26.4

Sea transport 1.9 17.0 9.0 4.2 19.8 17.4

Air transport 1.8 13.5 8.5 2.2 7.8 9.0

Other transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Travel 4.2 22.0 20.0 7.0 36.8 28.6

Other commercial services 13.2 47.5 62.4 10.9 35.6 45.0

Communication services 0.3 3.8 1.3 0.5 2.1 1.9

Construction services 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.5 1.2 2.0

Insurance services 0.6 2.8 2.7 1.0 2.2 3.9

Financial services 0.8 ... 3.6 0.9 ... 3.5

Computer and information services 0.1 ... 0.5 0.3 0.2 1.3

Royalties and licence fees 0.3 1.6 1.2 1.7 4.1 7.1

Other business services 11.0 38.6 52.3 5.9 25.1 24.4

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.9

Table III.82

Trade in commercial services of Korea, Republic of, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2002 1995 2002 2002 1995 2002

Total commercial services 27.1 100.0 100.0 35.1 100.0 100.0

Transportation 13.1 41.9 48.3 10.7 38.0 30.4

Sea transport ... ... ... ... ... ...

Air transport ... ... ... ... ... ...

Other transport ... ... ... ... ... ...

Travel 5.3 23.3 19.5 9.1 25.0 25.8

Other commercial services 8.7 34.8 32.2 15.4 37.0 43.8

Communication services 0.4 2.5 1.6 0.8 2.5 2.2

Construction services 0.1 ... 0.4 0.0 ... 0.0

Insurance services 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.6 1.0 1.6

Financial services 0.9 0.5 3.2 0.0 0.5 0.1

Computer and information services 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4

Royalties and licence fees 0.8 1.4 3.1 3.0 9.4 8.5

Other business services 6.2 30.5 23.1 10.7 22.9 30.4

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.2 ... 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.6

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Table III.83

Ratio of exports of goods and commercial services to GDP of least-developed countries, 1995 and 2001

(Million dollars and percentage)

Value Ratio to GDP

GDP Goods and Goods Commercial servicescommercial services

2001 1995 2001 1995 2001 1995 2001

Total LDCs 173600 22 23 18 20 4 3

Afghanistan … … … … … … …Angola 9471 76 71 74 69 2 2Bangladesh 46706 11 14 10 13 1 1Benin 2372 29 22 21 16 8 6Bhutan 533 28 33 23 20 5 14Burkina Faso 2486 12 10 10 9 2 1Burundi 689 12 6 11 6 0 0Cambodia 3404 33 48 29 40 4 7Cape Verde 588 15 27 3 6 12 20Central African Republic 967 18 16 17 15 1 1Chad 1600 21 14 17 12 4 2Comoros 221 17 20 5 8 12 13Congo, Dem. Rep. of 5187 31 ... 29 ... 2 ...Djibouti 576 12 ... 7 13 6 ...Equatorial Guinea 1846 56 100 55 99 1 1Eritrea 688 31 21 15 3 16 19Ethiopia 6233 13 13 7 7 5 6Gambia 390 42 ... 32 ... 10 ...Guinea 2989 16 27 16 24 0 2Guinea-Bissau 199 10 ... 9 ... 1 ...Haiti 3737 7 11 3 7 4 4Kiribati 40 ... ... ... ... ... ...Lao People's Dem. Rep. 1761 21 25 18 18 4 7Lesotho 797 20 39 17 35 3 4Liberia 523 ... ... ... ... ... ...Madagascar 4604 23 ... 16 ... 7 ...Malawi 1749 33 27 31 24 2 3Maldives 584 79 79 21 19 57 60Mali 2647 21 23 18 20 3 3Mauritania 1007 46 39 45 35 2 4Mozambique 3607 18 26 7 19 10 7Myanmar 8281 23 33 17 28 6 5Nepal 5562 21 18 8 13 13 5Niger 1954 16 13 15 12 1 1Rwanda 1703 5 8 4 5 1 3Samoa 255 32 ... 5 ... 27 ...Sao Tome and Principe 47 24 35 10 7 13 28Senegal 4645 30 29 22 22 8 7Sierra Leone 749 12 ... 4 ... 8 ...Solomon Islands 264 66 37 54 20 11 18Somalia ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Sudan 12525 9 14 8 14 1 0Tanzania 9341 24 15 13 8 11 7Togo 1259 34 24 29 19 5 4Tuvalu ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Uganda 5675 12 12 10 8 2 4Vanuatu 213 45 62 12 9 33 53Yemen 9276 50 41 47 39 3 1Zambia 3639 ... ... ... ... ... ...

Memorandum item:

World … 21 24 17 19 4 5

Note: Trade in goods is derived from balance of payments statistics and does not correspond to the merchandise trade statistics given elsewhere in this report.

Data are estimated for most countries. See the Technical Notes.

9. Least-developed countries

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Table III.84

Merchandise exports and imports of least-developed countries by selected country grouping, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Annual Percentage Change Value Annual Percentage Change

2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Total LDCs 38512 8 26 0 8 46612 4 5 5 5

Oil exporters 14790 19 64 -11 11 8900 11 6 3 17

Angola 7600 17 54 -18 16 3795 16 16 -1 12Yemen 3240 16 67 -21 1 2590 8 0 5 9Equatorial Guinea 2100 54 55 67 14 725 30 34 0 72Sudan 1850 27 132 -6 9 1790 5 -2 22 -2

Exporters of manufactures 12934 11 24 5 5 17136 5 10 3 -4

Bangladesh 6093 11 17 -5 0 7914 5 6 11 45Myanmar 3015 14 44 46 28 2324 12 26 -8 13Cambodia 1500 8 43 9 9 1989 7 34 17 -1Madagascar 785 10 41 12 -15 1150 10 14 4 7Nepal 568 18 34 -8 -23 1419 3 -11 -9 3Lesotho 395 7 28 28 40 779 -6 2 -8 26Lao People's Dem. Rep. 298 1 6 0 -10 431 -2 10 -2 3Haiti 280 24 -5 -14 2 1130 10 -2 21 -5

Exporters of commodities 9197 -2 -9 12 6 17855 1 -1 11 5

Senegal 1055 -2 -10 5 9 1560 1 -14 27 9Zambia 970 -9 -37 48 -2 1270 7 20 17 0Mali 947 4 -4 33 31 928 1 -18 -2 8Tanzania 875 -1 22 17 13 1687 -2 -19 31 8Guinea 750 3 5 10 3 620 -6 -3 -3 6Mozambique 682 17 38 93 -3 1340 10 0 -6 16Malawi 478 -1 -16 22 3 674 2 -9 9 10Uganda 442 0 -11 -1 -3 1710 8 -10 5 9Togo 429 -1 -7 7 10 650 -2 -8 23 -13Ethiopia 415 3 7 -16 3 1594 2 84 22 45Benin 365 -2 -8 -10 6 653 -4 10 2 13Mauritania 315 -10 -20 2 3 440 -7 11 7 21Niger 303 0 -1 -5 12 430 1 -14 13 4Liberia 220 -17 -30 -36 5 675 5 -21 0 27Central African Republic 180 -6 -9 3 -5 110 -8 -7 -6 14Burkina Faso 166 1 -23 5 -5 577 2 3 20 -18Chad 160 -1 10 -12 13 780 -3 2 -1 -18Bhutan 116 2 0 0 0 180 10 9 0 -5Maldives 90 9 19 0 18 392 8 -9 44 -12Guinea-Bissau 51 21 22 2 -19 82 -15 21 32 -3Solomon Islands 51 -16 -45 -32 9 65 -10 -7 4 -22Vanuatu 33 -1 0 -15 50 73 -1 -10 46 24Kiribati 26 19 183 65 -7 65 1 -2 12 -1Gambia 15 0 33 -25 25 225 1 25 -6 -7Eritrea 14 -29 -12 -13 8 375 -8 -16 17 -19Samoa 14 9 -30 14 -13 113 2 -1 0 0Djibouti 12 -1 8 0 -8 155 -1 22 -9 -3Cape Verde 10 7 0 -9 0 270 -1 11 -6 -4Comoros 8 -9 40 43 -20 130 3 1 -2 12Sao Tome and Principe 5 -10 -25 33 25 25 -5 -3 2 -1Tuvalu 0 ... ... ... ... 7 -8 8 -3 -3

Other LDCs a 1591 -11 -10 12 18 2721 1 8 -13 34

Memorandum Item:

World b 6455000 5 13 -4 4 6693000 5 13 -4 4

a Other LDCs comprise Congo, Dem. Rep. of, Somalia, Rwanda, Afghanistan, Burundi and Sierra Leone. Their trade data are strongly affected by conflict and civil strife.b Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export.Note: Data for 2002 are largely estimated.

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Agricultural products

Western Europe33%

Asia42%

Others18%

North America

7%

Manufactures

Western Europe47%

North America

39%

Others5%

Asia9%

Food

Western Europe40%

Asia33%

Others18%

North America

9%

Clothing

Western Europe42%

North America

55%

Fuels

Asia46%

Western Europe16%

North America

34%

Others4%

All products

Western Europe32%

North America

25%

Others17%

Asia26%

Note: Estimates are based on import statistics of partners.

Others 1%

Asia 2%

Chart III.19

Merchandise exports of least-developed countries by selected product group and destination, 2001(Percentage)

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Others

Textiles

Other semi-manufactures

Raw materials

Food

Clothing

Fuels

1995

2001

Chart III.20

Exports of least-developed countries by major product, 2001(Percentage)

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Table III.85

Imports of agricultural products and manufactures of the European Union, Asia and North America from least-developed countries, 2002(Million dollars and percentage)

Annual Annual Annualpercentage percentage percentage

Value change Value change Value change

2001 2001 2002 2001 2001 2002 2001 2001 2002

Agricultural products

European Union (15) Asia a North America

Total LDCs 2504 -7 5 Total LDCs 2391 2 ... Total LDCs 518 -2 -2

Senegal 308 0 5 Myanmar 835 27 ... Bangladesh 101 -36 -6

Madagascar 248 0 18 Nepal 153 59 ... Madagascar 88 100 43

Tanzania 232 -9 5 Tanzania 144 16 ... Malawi 74 40 -12

Uganda 206 4 6 Madagascar 131 47 ... Myanmar 51 -4 -16

Bangladesh 174 -6 14 Equatorial Guinea 95 -13 ... Liberia 44 -6 5

Malawi 168 -13 -2 Bangladesh 94 -26 ... Ethiopia 32 0 -9

Mauritania 110 28 4 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 91 6 ... Uganda 20 -17 -20

Mozambique 100 -14 1 Ethiopia 70 1 ... Tanzania 15 0 13

Ethiopia 97 -46 30 Benin 62 -11 ... Haiti 13 -28 46

Sudan 92 -10 10 Solomon Islands 60 -10 ... Comoros 11 267 -55

Liberia 90 13 -2 Mozambique 59 -27 ...

Myanmar 60 9 5 Mauritania 58 -36 ...

Zambia 52 18 10 Mali 54 -27 ...

Chad 50 -4 -24 Cambodia 52 -10 ...

Congo, Dem. Rep. of 43 -26 -12 Malawi 44 -29 ...

Benin 42 5 -31 Sudan 39 -49 ...

Central African Republic 42 11 -14 Uganda 37 9 ...

Angola 39 0 0 Togo 36 20 ...

Burkina Faso 38 -7 -16 Liberia 31 -30 ...

Togo 37 12 32 Kiribati 31 82 ...

Guinea 34 -3 -9 Burkina Faso 29 12 ...

Others (28) 243 -20 2 Others (28) 184 -30 ... Others (39) 70 -14 -33

Manufactures

European Union (15) North America Asia a

Total LDCs 6953 6 1 Total LDCs 5186 4 -4 Total LDCs 1072 8 ...

Bangladesh 2823 6 0 Bangladesh 2517 -2 -9 Bangladesh 325 -4 ...

Congo, Dem. Rep. of 755 1 29 Cambodia 1028 16 12 Nepal 186 -2 ...

Angola 574 -11 -8 Myanmar 491 -1 -25 Cambodia 149 -15 ...

Liberia 563 88 31 Haiti 262 -10 -6 Myanmar 122 6 ...

Cambodia 432 33 10 Lesotho 230 52 50

Myanmar 376 18 -6 Nepal 218 -16 -22

Madagascar 281 1 -38 Madagascar 198 62 -49

Guinea 134 -22 -28 Maldives 110 6 11

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 122 9 3

Nepal 121 -26 -26

Central African Republic 101 -40 25

Sudan 85 400 -49

Senegal 80 48 -39

Niger 71 -15 -13

Djibouti 53 382 -94

Others (34) 380 -25 3 Others (41) 128 1 30 Others (45) 288 62 ...

a China, Japan, Hong Kong, Malaysie, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, Thailand and India

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Table III.86

Exports of commercial services of least-developed countries by category, 2001

(Million dollars and percentage)

Value Share in commercial services

Commercial Transport Travel Other services services

2001 1995 2001 1995 2001 1995 2001

Total LDCs 5700 20 21 41 45 39 34

Afghanistan ... … … … … … …Angola 203 32 7 … … 68 93Bangladesh 243 15 30 5 20 80 51Benin 133 26 14 53 61 21 25Bhutan 73 ... ... ... ... ... ...Burkina Faso 32 17 17 48 48 35 35Burundi 2 47 38 33 21 21 42Cambodia 253 31 34 52 59 18 7Cape Verde 120 59 42 17 45 24 13Central African Republic 9 45 7 28 56 27 36Chad 32 23 5 68 71 9 24Comoros 28 16 19 77 65 7 15Congo, Dem. Rep. of ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Djibouti ... 58 ... 16 ... 26 ...Equatorial Guinea 17 0 2 67 81 33 16Eritrea 128 ... ... ... ... ... ...Ethiopia 391 77 60 5 13 18 27Gambia ... 22 ... 73 ... 5 ...Guinea 72 76 44 5 0 20 56Guinea-Bissau ... 17 ... 0 ... 83 ...Haiti 140 5 2 92 64 3 34Kiribati ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Lao People's Dem. Rep. 127 23 18 76 82 1 0Lesotho 35 7 1 91 66 2 33Liberia ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Madagascar ... 30 ... 26 ... 44 ...Malawi 47 19 30 72 65 9 5Maldives 351 7 6 92 93 1 1Mali 81 32 ... 37 ... 30 ...Mauritania 37 9 0 58 18 33 83Mozambique 249 25 22 0 26 75 52Myanmar 401 6 20 43 31 51 49Nepal 303 9 16 30 48 61 37Niger 17 3 3 58 58 39 39Rwanda 45 60 36 22 55 18 9Samoa ... 3 ... 66 ... 31 ...Sao Tome and Principe 13 0 17 56 58 44 26Senegal 345 15 10 46 49 38 40Sierra Leone ... 14 ... 81 ... 6 ...Solomon Islands 47 4 9 44 11 52 79Somalia … … … … … … …Sudan 14 1 44 10 23 89 33Tanzania 666 0 10 89 62 11 28Togo 53 34 23 20 18 46 59Tuvalu … … … … … … …Uganda 213 18 16 75 78 7 6Vanuatu 112 15 24 60 41 25 35Yemen 133 22 18 35 29 43 53Zambia ... … … … … … …

Memorandum item:

World 1478100 25 23 34 31 41 46

Note: Data are estimated for most countries.

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IV. Trade by sector1. Overview

0 5 10 15 20

1995

2002

Chart IV.1

World merchandise exports by product, 1995 and 2002

(Share based on value)

Machinery and transp. equip. a

Office and telecom equipment

Mining products

Chemicals

Automotive products

Agricultural products

Other consumer goods

Other semi-manufactures

Clothing

Textiles

Iron and steel

a Excluding automotive products and office and telecom equipment (throughout this report they are included with machinery and transport equipment, unless otherwise noted).

Table IV.1

World merchandise exports by product, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

All products a 6272 100.0 100.0 5 -4 4

Agricultural products 583 11.7 9.3 -1 0 5

Food 468 9.0 7.5 -1 3 5

Raw materials 114 2.7 1.8 -2 -9 4

Mining products 788 10.7 12.6 10 -9 -1

Ores and other minerals 63 1.2 1.0 1 -4 1

Fuels 615 7.3 9.8 13 -9 0

Non-ferrous metals 110 2.2 1.8 3 -10 -2

Manufactures 4708 74.3 75.1 5 -4 4

Iron and steel 142 3.1 2.3 -1 -6 7

Chemicals 660 9.7 10.5 4 3 10

Other semi-manufactures 460 7.9 7.3 3 -2 6

Machinery and transport equipment 2539 38.8 40.5 6 -6 3

Automotive products 621 9.2 9.9 5 -1 9

Office and telecom equipment 838 12.1 13.4 10 -13 0

Other machinery and transport equipment 1080 17.5 17.2 5 -2 1

Textiles 152 3.0 2.4 0 -5 4

Clothing 201 3.2 3.2 4 -2 4

Other consumer goods 553 8.7 8.8 5 -2 4

a Includes unspecified products. They accounted for 3 per cent of world merchandise exports in 2002.

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1990

1995

2002

0 10 20 30 40 50

Transportation

Travel

Other commercial services

Chart IV.2

World exports of commercial services by category, 1990, 1995 and 2002

(Share based on value)

Table IV.2

World exports of commercial services by category, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

All commercial services 1570 100.0 100.0 4 6 0 6

Transportation 350 25.2 22.3 3 7 -1 4

Travel 480 33.7 30.6 3 4 -2 4

Other commercial services 740 41.1 47.0 6 7 2 9

Note: Exports of transportation services are significantly under-reported. See the Technical Notes.

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2. Agricultural products

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Chart IV.3

Regional shares in world trade in agricultural products,2002(Percentage)

Table IV.3

World trade in agricultural products, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 583

Annual percentage change

1980-85 -2

1985-90 9

1990-95 7

1995-00 -1

2000 1

2001 0

2002 5

Share in world merchandise trade 9.3

Share in world exports of primary products 42.5

Table IV.4

Major regional flows in world exports of agricultural products, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Intra-Western Europe 189.3 -2 0 7

Intra-Asia 64.6 -2 -2 6

Intra-North America 34.0 5 1 1

North America to Asia 32.8 -5 -6 -4

Latin America to Western Europe 19.2 -1 0 6

Latin America to North America 18.4 5 -2 2

Table IV.5

Share of agricultural products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of agricultural products in total merchandise

World 9.3 9.3

North America 10.7 6.2

Latin America 19.3 9.8

Western Europe 9.4 10.2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 8.9 10.2

Africa 15.8 15.9

Middle East 3.5 13.4

Asia 6.6 9.5

Share of agricultural products in primary products

World 42.5 42.5

North America 59.9 35.1

Latin America 48.7 47.4

Western Europe 57.6 48.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 22.1 43.0

Africa 22.3 59.5

Middle East 4.7 69.0

Asia 48.1 36.0

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

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Table IV.6

Exports of agricultural products by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

World 582.5 - - 100.0 100.0 -1 0 5

Western Europe

World 248.7 100.0 100.0 43.6 42.7 -2 0 7Western Europe 189.3 76.3 76.1 33.2 32.5 -2 0 7Asia 14.4 5.6 5.8 2.4 2.5 0 -6 6North America 14.1 3.6 5.7 1.6 2.4 6 1 15C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 12.5 5.3 5.0 2.3 2.1 -6 15 11Africa 8.1 3.4 3.2 1.5 1.4 -2 0 5Middle East 5.4 2.5 2.2 1.1 0.9 -1 -8 0Latin America 3.4 1.6 1.4 0.7 0.6 -2 -4 -2

Asia

World 106.2 100.0 100.0 18.6 18.2 -2 -1 7Asia 64.6 65.0 60.8 12.1 11.1 -2 -2 6Western Europe 14.2 14.7 13.4 2.7 2.4 -2 -3 3North America 13.9 9.9 13.1 1.8 2.4 4 -1 5Middle East 4.8 4.0 4.5 0.7 0.8 1 -1 9Africa 3.4 2.7 3.2 0.5 0.6 0 10 5C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2.3 1.9 2.2 0.4 0.4 -6 18 28Latin America 1.7 1.3 1.6 0.2 0.3 0 11 8

North America

World 101.4 100.0 100.0 19.3 17.4 -1 -3 -2North America 34.0 23.1 33.5 4.5 5.8 5 1 1Asia 32.8 41.1 32.3 7.9 5.6 -5 -6 -4Latin America 14.8 9.8 14.6 1.9 2.5 5 6 0Western Europe 13.2 17.6 13.0 3.4 2.3 -6 -7 -4Africa 3.1 3.4 3.0 0.7 0.5 -4 -8 6Middle East 2.2 2.9 2.2 0.6 0.4 -1 -12 -18C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1.2 1.6 1.2 0.3 0.2 -5 14 -26

Latin America

World 67.5 100.0 100.0 10.0 11.6 1 5 4Western Europe 19.2 32.9 28.4 3.3 3.3 -1 0 6North America 18.4 24.9 27.3 2.5 3.2 5 -2 2Asia 10.6 15.6 15.7 1.6 1.8 -1 12 8Latin America 10.5 17.4 15.5 1.7 1.8 2 3 -7Middle East 3.3 3.1 4.9 0.3 0.6 3 36 19C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2.7 2.6 4.0 0.3 0.5 -1 79 5Africa 2.6 3.2 3.9 0.3 0.4 -3 34 19

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a

World 28.0 100.0 100.0 3.7 | 4.8 2 5 12Western Europe 11.1 55.3 39.5 2.0 1.9 -5 3 16C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 9.2 21.3 | 32.7 0.8 | 1.6 12 7 6Asia 4.4 14.2 15.6 0.5 0.8 5 -1 13Middle East 1.2 2.8 4.1 0.1 0.2 5 23 24North America 0.9 2.3 3.2 0.1 0.2 7 6 19Africa 0.8 2.2 2.8 0.1 0.1 0 30 26Latin America 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 3 -3 0

Africa

World 22.1 100.0 100.0 3.8 3.8 -2 1 9Western Europe 11.3 60.7 50.9 2.3 1.9 -6 3 11Asia 4.5 17.4 20.2 0.7 0.8 2 -2 7Africa 2.9 10.8 13.2 0.4 0.5 3 -3 8Middle East 1.3 2.4 5.8 0.1 0.2 23 -7 -5North America 1.1 4.4 5.0 0.2 0.2 -1 -3 25C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 0.6 3.1 2.8 0.1 0.1 -7 7 24Latin America 0.2 0.9 1.0 0.0 0.0 6 -14 -2

Middle East

World 8.6 100.0 100.0 1.1 1.5 2 9 9Middle East 4.3 38.1 50.2 0.4 0.7 6 20 10Western Europe 1.8 32.6 21.4 0.4 0.3 -2 -5 2Asia 0.9 10.5 10.0 0.1 0.1 4 -10 17All other regions 0.9 13.2 10.7 0.1 0.2 -2 11 7

a Includes the intra trade of the Baltic States and the CIS beginning with 1996.

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Table IV.7

Imports of agricultural products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Canada a United States

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 1995-00 2001 2002 2002 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Region Region

World 16310 100.0 5 2 5 World 71515 100.0 5 -1 5

North America 10534 64.6 5 2 4 North America 21686 30.3 5 1 -1

Asia 1867 11.4 1 9 8 Latin America 19139 26.8 5 -3 5

Western Europe 1820 11.2 5 1 4 Asia 14782 20.7 6 -2 6

Latin America 1662 10.2 4 1 5 Western Europe 13522 18.9 7 0 10

Africa 228 1.4 3 -12 22 Africa 1195 1.7 5 -6 8

C./E. Europe/ C./E. Europe/

Baltic States/CIS 141 0.9 6 -8 1 Baltic States/CIS 917 1.3 9 11 13

Middle East 38 0.2 13 -10 0 Middle East 273 0.4 11 20 2

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 10534 64.6 5 2 4 Canada 21680 30.3 5 1 -1European Union (15) 1651 10.1 5 -1 6 European Union (15) 12546 17.5 7 0 11Australia 375 2.3 -3 25 8 Mexico 6920 9.7 6 2 4Brazil 363 2.2 6 1 17 Chile 2459 3.4 13 1 11Mexico 345 2.1 5 6 17 Brazil 2349 3.3 3 -8 12

Above 5 13268 81.3 5 2 5 Above 5 45954 64.3 6 0 4

Thailand 323 2.0 2 3 4 Thailand 2283 3.2 4 -10 -9China 284 1.7 9 4 20 China 2154 3.0 13 7 27New Zealand 262 1.6 1 48 -2 Australia 2055 2.9 13 10 6Chile 223 1.4 6 3 12 New Zealand 1559 2.2 7 5 7Colombia 143 0.9 0 -19 8 Indonesia 1511 2.1 -2 -11 8

Indonesia 129 0.8 -2 1 14 Colombia 1145 1.6 0 -15 2Costa Rica 101 0.6 0 9 4 Ecuador 1117 1.6 -5 8 6South Africa 94 0.6 4 -14 27 India 1088 1.5 13 -11 8Ecuador 91 0.6 -5 3 15 Costa Rica 1036 1.4 6 -2 -1India 89 0.5 15 -17 14 Viet Nam 862 1.2 25 26 26

Argentina 86 0.5 17 -19 -8 Guatemala 819 1.1 2 -11 11Guatemala 74 0.5 12 -23 -6 Argentina 753 1.1 7 -8 -2Peru 71 0.4 6 36 -7 Philippines 703 1.0 -2 -5 3Korea, Republic of 61 0.4 8 8 15 Japan 656 0.9 5 -9 3Norway 57 0.3 13 22 -5 Honduras 500 0.7 1 -2 4

Malaysia 56 0.3 -3 -31 30 Dominican Republic 488 0.7 3 3 3Japan 54 0.3 4 -13 15 Korea, Republic of 436 0.6 5 3 2Viet Nam 54 0.3 18 7 -8 Taipei, Chinese 418 0.6 4 -2 -16Philippines 52 0.3 -1 -2 18 Malaysia 416 0.6 -1 -24 13Russian Federation 50 0.3 -8 -12 9 Peru 413 0.6 3 7 21

Taipei, Chinese 50 0.3 7 0 14 Russian Federation 404 0.6 8 -4 13Côte d'Ivoire 43 0.3 12 -9 34 Turkey 304 0.4 -6 32 -16Switzerland 41 0.3 1 -3 11 Côte d'Ivoire 303 0.4 9 -14 19Morocco 38 0.2 6 -14 3 Nicaragua 220 0.3 10 -14 5Hong Kong, China 32 0.2 1 -6 -3 Poland 209 0.3 15 27 24

Poland 30 0.2 18 0 43 South Africa 207 0.3 4 -21 2Honduras 29 0.2 -16 182 -6 Norway 203 0.3 6 -18 14Cuba 29 0.2 -13 26 -15 Iceland 198 0.3 1 -18 14Turkey 27 0.2 -2 9 8 Switzerland 181 0.3 5 -37 24Iceland 25 0.2 3 -33 -17 Israel 175 0.2 6 13 10

Ukraine 20 0.1 - - 150 Panama 154 0.2 -6 1 -4Jamaica 18 0.1 1 -9 -14 Venezuela 140 0.2 15 -34 -14Dominican Republic 18 0.1 -22 13 100 Madagascar 124 0.2 0 107 43Iran, Islamic Rep. of 14 0.1 13 -25 -7 Singapore 120 0.2 -3 -19 6Israel 13 0.1 2 30 0 Hong Kong, China 116 0.2 -3 -13 20

Above 40 16049 98.4 - - - Above 40 69424 97.1 - - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table IV.7 (continued)

Imports of agricultural products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (15) Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 1995-00 2001 2002 2002 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Region Region

World 253673 100.0 -2 0 6 World 55089 100.0 -4 -8 -3

Western Europe 179219 70.6 -2 0 6 Asia 22124 40.2 -4 -8 -1

Latin America 21098 8.3 -1 2 5 North America 19341 35.1 -5 -9 -7

Asia 15331 6.0 -1 -1 0 Western Europe 6638 12.0 0 -7 3

North America 12680 5.0 -5 -9 -4 Latin America 3965 7.2 -2 -9 0

Africa 12513 4.9 -4 4 9 C./E. Europe/

C./E. Europe/ Baltic States/CIS 1664 3.0 -2 -8 -13

Baltic States/CIS 10746 4.2 -1 5 15 Africa 1270 2.3 -3 -5 -4

Middle East 1598 0.6 -4 -2 1 Middle East 87 0.2 -3 -29 -1

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (15) 170270 67.1 -2 0 6 United States 15005 27.2 -5 -9 -8United states 9995 3.9 -5 -7 -1 China 6828 12.4 4 -1 -1Brazil 8149 3.2 1 11 0 European Union (15) 5680 10.3 0 -7 3Argentina 4463 1.8 -1 0 18 Canada 4336 7.9 -4 -12 -5Canada 2684 1.1 -4 -17 -13 Australia 3612 6.6 -2 -6 -5

Above 5 195561 77.1 -2 0 6 Above 5 35461 64.4 -3 -7 -5

Norway 2655 1.0 -2 -11 7 Thailand 2861 5.2 -6 -2 3Russian Federation 2301 0.9 -3 -1 13 Indonesia 1476 2.7 -6 -6 -2China 2104 0.8 4 4 -11 Korea, Republic of 1458 2.6 -1 -17 -9Côte d'Ivoire 2063 0.8 -8 3 26 Russian Federation 1420 2.6 -2 -12 -15Turkey 2037 0.8 -3 10 -2 Chile 1216 2.2 -2 -7 -7

Australia 1998 0.8 0 11 -5 Brazil 1200 2.2 -2 -11 12South Africa 1989 0.8 3 15 8 Taipei, Chinese 1189 2.2 -19 -15 13New Zealand 1969 0.8 -1 12 5 New Zealand 1058 1.9 -4 -7 -7Indonesia 1962 0.8 -2 -11 13 Malaysia 804 1.5 -13 -25 6Poland 1915 0.8 -2 9 9 Philippines 768 1.4 -1 -13 11

Switzerland 1645 0.6 -4 -1 6 Viet Nam 684 1.2 5 0 12Chile 1623 0.6 0 8 2 Norway 603 1.1 6 -3 -3Hungary 1530 0.6 -2 6 15 India 530 1.0 2 -28 -16Thailand 1497 0.6 -1 -6 -13 South Africa 512 0.9 0 19 -8Malaysia 1451 0.6 -6 -7 10 Mexico 430 0.8 8 -3 -1

Morocco 1356 0.5 -1 1 18 Morocco 258 0.5 -3 -12 -1India 1252 0.5 3 -7 -3 Argentina 224 0.4 -4 -4 -5Czech Republic 1038 0.4 -1 0 10 Singapore 206 0.4 -3 -9 -23Iceland 1018 0.4 -1 5 8 Colombia 184 0.3 -4 -28 14Ecuador 963 0.4 -4 6 20 Peru 174 0.3 -5 67 -7

Colombia 961 0.4 -12 -10 -2 Ecuador 151 0.3 3 -19 -14Costa Rica 904 0.4 -2 -3 16 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 132 0.2 -3 -3 15Ukraine 893 0.4 4 63 68 Hungary 111 0.2 20 62 14Israel 795 0.3 0 0 -4 Iceland 93 0.2 -7 -31 -6Cameroon 744 0.3 -4 0 -7 Sri Lanka 92 0.2 6 -13 -12

Kenya 720 0.3 -2 2 4 Papua New Guinea 86 0.2 -17 -36 -1Latvia 692 0.3 11 -6 12 Panama 77 0.1 -17 90 40Ghana 641 0.3 -3 3 29 Guatemala 70 0.1 0 -19 1Peru 618 0.2 0 0 5 Ghana 67 0.1 -6 0 49Philippines 478 0.2 -9 4 14 Turkey 67 0.1 1 -13 2

Mexico 461 0.2 -3 2 1 Myanmar 66 0.1 0 -26 16Faeroe Islands 437 0.2 4 18 4 Greenland 61 0.1 -2 -35 -2Estonia 432 0.2 15 -5 16 Croatia 49 0.1 - 16 123Bulgaria 428 0.2 -8 12 48 Israel 47 0.1 -7 -16 15Zimbabwe 420 0.2 -1 6 -13 Fiji 46 0.1 -12 19 21

Above 40 239551 94.4 - - - Above 40 53931 97.9 - - -

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Table IV.8

Leading exporters and importers of agricultural products, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

European Union (15) 233.73 32.8 42.4 39.6 40.1 -2 -4 0 7

Extra-exports 63.46 10.3 10.9 10.7 10.9 -2 0 -1 9

United States 68.76 17.0 14.3 12.9 11.8 -2 8 -2 -2

Canada 32.57 5.0 5.4 6.3 5.6 2 7 -3 -3

Brazil 19.44 3.4 2.4 2.8 3.3 0 -3 19 5

China 18.80 1.5 2.4 3.0 3.2 2 15 1 13

Australia 17.06 3.3 2.8 3.0 2.9 2 8 2 2

Argentina a 12.20 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.2 1 0 2 ...

Thailand 11.57 1.2 1.9 2.2 2.0 -3 4 -2 -4

Indonesia 9.02 1.6 1.0 1.4 1.5 -1 3 -10 28

Malaysia 8.96 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.5 -7 -13 -10 25

Mexico 8.94 0.8 0.8 1.6 1.5 5 12 0 -2

New Zealand 8.44 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 -2 4 7 3

Russian Federation b 7.73 - - 1.4 1.3 12 17 0 0

Chile 7.16 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.2 2 8 9 3

India a 6.27 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.1 0 10 -2 ...

Above 15 470.64 73.0 80.0 81.6 80.9 - - - -

Importers

European Union (15) 253.67 42.9 47.1 40.5 40.6 -2 -4 0 6

Extra-imports 83.40 21.2 17.5 13.5 13.3 -3 -2 0 4

United States 71.51 8.7 9.0 11.7 11.4 5 5 -1 5

Japan 55.09 9.6 11.4 10.5 8.8 -4 4 -8 -3

China 21.85 2.1 1.8 3.3 3.5 4 41 3 9

Canada c 16.31 1.8 2.0 2.6 2.6 5 7 2 5

Korea, Republic of 13.37 1.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 -3 16 -3 7

Russian Federation b 11.94 - - 1.5 1.9 -14 -9 22 11

Mexico 11.18 1.2 1.2 2.0 1.8 13 ... 11 -13

Hong Kong, China 10.81 - - - - -3 4 -6 -2

retained imports 6.38 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 -2 4 -1 -1

Taipei, Chinese 7.19 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.2 -5 1 -11 3

Switzerland 6.04 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.0 -3 -4 -3 7

Saudi Arabia 5.50 1.5 0.8 1.0 0.9 3 13 -11 9

Indonesia 5.27 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.8 -1 5 -7 -2

Malaysia 5.14 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 0 3 5 6

Thailand 4.99 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.8 -4 13 8 3

Above 15 495.43 73.8 81.0 81.0 79.2 - - - -

a 2001 instead of 2002.

b Includes Secretariat estimates.

c Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table IV.9

Exports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise exports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

World 414720 I 583200 I 552250 554130 582530 11.6 9.3

Argentina 7482 11349 11933 12199 ... 54.1 45.8Australia 11628 14717 16446 16701 17060 27.7 26.2Bangladesh 329 446 418 464 ... 11.9 7.6Belize 99 115 141 122 ... 81.0 75.8Bolivia 245 328 457 428 ... 29.8 33.3Brazil 9779 15673 15467 18431 19442 33.7 32.2Bulgaria ... 1304 603 605 812 24.4 14.1Cameroon 723 839 659 666 ... 50.8 38.1Canada 22339 32214 34789 33574 32574 16.8 12.9Chile 2779 5922 6399 6966 7158 37.0 39.0

China 10060 14997 16384 16626 18796 10.1 5.8Colombia 2514 3695 3121 2883 2917 36.7 24.3Costa Rica 927 I 1848 1812 1690 1718 53.5 32.7Côte d'Ivoire 2374 2793 2308 ... ... 73.4 59.4Czech Republic - 2072 I 1900 1942 2049 9.7 5.3Ecuador 1236 2389 1948 2219 ... 55.5 47.4Egypt 669 552 776 635 ... 16.0 15.4El Salvador 237 574 577 433 414 34.7 13.8Ethiopia 260 I 362 406 334 347 85.8 83.6European Union (15) 175847 I 238990 218690 218091 233732 11.5 9.5 Intra-exports 130571 I 174405 159790 160038 170270 13.1 11.3 Extra-exports 45276 64585 58900 58053 63462 8.6 6.8

Guatemala 849 1342 1622 1337 1279 62.3 57.3Honduras 680 813 769 695 587 66.6 46.2Hong Kong, China 4556 7451 5693 5032 4845 4.3 2.4 domestic exports 821 881 454 402 414 2.9 2.3 re-exports 3735 6570 5240 4630 4431 4.6 2.4Hungary 2558 3054 I 2445 2747 2774 23.7 8.1Iceland 1274 1371 1257 1306 1460 76.0 65.5India 3506 6322 6401 6265 ... 19.9 14.1Indonesia 4154 8197 7764 7024 9020 18.0 15.8Israel 1327 1358 1182 1092 1582 7.1 5.4Japan 3299 4656 4395 5157 4472 1.1 1.1Kenya 559 1158 1062 1090 1416 61.7 67.6

Korea, Republic of 2985 4448 4298 3948 3993 3.6 2.5Madagascar 224 346 412 456 ... 68.2 49.3Malaysia 7495 11571 8015 7190 8961 15.7 9.6Mauritius 396 456 283 389 476 29.6 27.1Mexico 3466 7189 9100 9073 8936 9.0 5.6Morocco 1228 1643 I 1745 1603 1749 34.8 22.1New Zealand 5966 8306 7642 8204 8444 60.9 58.8Nicaragua 295 389 547 428 ... 74.0 72.3Nigeria 320 150 57 56 ... 1.2 0.3Norway 3077 4120 4244 4093 4363 9.8 7.2

Pakistan 1081 1252 1234 1160 1209 15.6 12.2Paraguay 863 738 699 824 ... 80.3 83.3Peru 813 1701 1911 1880 1962 30.5 25.5Philippines 1683 2457 2026 1958 1980 14.0 5.5Poland 2268 3036 I 3082 3392 3670 13.3 8.9Romania 184 783 829 840 881 9.9 6.4Russian Federation b - 4349 7772 7763 7727 5.4 7.2Singapore 4095 5949 3723 3302 3361 5.0 2.7 domestic exports 1182 1578 1202 1154 1248 2.3 1.9 re-exports 2912 4371 2521 2148 2113 9.0 3.6South Africa 1691 2387 I 2366 2460 2600 8.6 8.7Sri Lanka 758 941 1093 1060 1067 24.8 22.7

Sudan 367 502 395 ... 369 90.5 19.9Switzerland 2244 3032 2571 2496 2626 3.7 3.0Taipei, Chinese 3732 5640 3512 3226 3466 5.0 2.6Thailand 7786 13911 12242 12057 11572 24.6 16.8Tunisia 418 570 548 568 512 10.4 7.5Turkey 3300 4541 3828 4349 3910 21.0 11.3United States 59404 80435 71408 70017 68757 13.8 9.9Uruguay 1025 1244 1278 1132 1140 59.1 61.3Zimbabwe 754 926 1146 1212 ... 43.7 64.8

a Or nearest year.b Includes Secretariat estimates.

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Table IV.10

Imports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise imports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

Algeria 2766 3344 2815 ... ... 32.6 30.8Argentina 326 1509 1597 1471 ... 7.5 7.2Australia b 2707 3794 4234 3590 4077 6.6 5.9Bangladesh 835 1124 1446 1852 ... 17.3 22.2Belarus - ... 1249 1151 1149 ... 12.8Brazil 2691 7218 5163 4230 4151 13.4 8.3Cameroon 315 215 294 308 ... 17.9 16.6Canada b 9009 12204 15272 15565 16310 7.4 7.4Chile 461 1252 1421 1376 1404 7.9 8.2China 7855 16099 19544 20125 21848 12.2 7.4

Colombia 593 1657 1736 1791 1833 12.0 14.4Croatia - 1017 777 948 1125 13.5 10.5Cyprus 405 802 754 688 564 21.7 13.8Czech Republic b - 2367 I 2253 2398 2745 9.4 6.7Egypt 4793 4160 4317 3902 ... 35.4 30.6El Salvador 158 441 692 743 792 13.2 15.3European Union (15) 208502 I 267194 240141 240041 253673 13.0 10.4

Intra-imports c 130913 IExtra-imports 77589 92789 80351 80003 83403 13.0 8.9

Ghana 123 187 444 634 ... 9.8 25.6Guatemala 196 440 673 860 888 13.4 14.6Honduras 108 237 511 549 522 14.4 17.8

Hong Kong, China 8325 13798 11728 11063 10813 7.0 5.2retained imports 4591 7228 6488 6433 6382 13.9 26.3

Hungary 1158 1362 I 1424 1519 1727 8.8 4.6India 1721 3003 3900 4823 ... 8.2 9.6Indonesia 2126 6103 5727 5350 5269 15.0 16.8Iran, Islamic Rep. of d ... ... 2943 2968 ... ... 16.5Israel 1565 2307 2288 2278 2320 7.8 6.5Jamaica 314 442 544 582 ... 15.7 17.3Japan 50460 74772 62185 57052 55089 22.3 16.3Jordan 709 839 942 954 ... 22.7 19.7Korea, Republic of 9530 14727 12837 12504 13372 10.9 8.8

Kuwait 589 1296 1200 1260 ... 16.6 16.0Lebanon ... ... 1210 1362 ... ... 18.7Madagascar 71 99 140 150 ... 15.8 12.9Malaysia 2404 4631 4610 4830 5137 6.0 6.4Mauritius 255 395 346 362 457 20.0 21.1Mexico e 5374 6250 I 11565 12795 11182 8.6 5.9Morocco 1096 2210 I 1941 1936 2067 25.9 17.7Nepal 126 157 240 210 ... 11.8 14.3Nigeria 658 1431 1631 2046 ... 17.4 17.7Norway 2090 3106 2956 3019 3304 9.4 9.5

Oman 506 876 1158 1328 1284 20.6 21.4Pakistan 1568 2687 1882 1682 1854 23.3 16.5Peru 668 1171 998 1113 1148 15.4 15.3Philippines 1665 2979 3104 3087 3023 10.5 8.6Poland 1253 3727 I 3941 4141 4381 12.8 7.9Romania 1249 1109 1092 1383 1369 10.8 7.7Russian Federation d - 18378 8831 10793 11936 30.2 19.7Saudi Arabia 3487 4861 5663 5039 5499 17.3 17.0Senegal 494 425 394 497 546 30.1 35.0Singapore 4698 6810 4890 4675 4673 5.5 4.0

retained imports 1786 2439 2369 2527 2560 3.2 4.4

Slovak Republic b - 953 I 953 1086 1158 10.9 7.0South Africa b 1219 2404 I 1650 1465 1693 9.0 6.8Sri Lanka 549 962 934 837 893 18.1 14.6Switzerland 5920 6770 5807 5655 6036 8.4 7.2Syrian Arab Republic 791 942 850 ... ... 20.0 22.3Taipei, Chinese 6203 9995 7888 6987 7194 9.7 6.4Thailand 3227 5575 4473 4826 4987 7.9 7.7Tunisia 819 1322 968 1065 1299 16.7 13.6Turkey 2806 4493 4133 3079 3981 12.6 8.0United Arab Emirates d 1726 2077 2962 3153 ... 9.9 10.5

United States 39966 53056 69115 68400 71515 6.9 5.9Venezuela b 986 2026 1970 2105 ... 18.8 12.8Zimbabwe b 116 209 ... ... ... 7.9 10.5

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.d Includes Secretariat estimates.e Beginning with 2000 imports are valued c.i.f.

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3. Mining products

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Chart IV.4

Regional shares in world trade in mining products, 2002

(Percentage)

Table IV.11

World trade in mining products, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 788

Annual percentage change

1980-85 -5

1985-90 3

1990-95 2

1995-00 10

2000 48

2001 -9

2002 -1

Share in world merchandise trade 12.6

Share in world exports of primary products 57.5

Table IV.12

Major regional flows in world exports of mining products, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Intra-Western Europe 141.5 7 -5 -1

Middle East to Asia 102.6 14 -11 -1

Intra-Asia 91.2 7 -7 -1

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

to Western Europe 49.1 10 -2 8

Intra-North America 44.7 12 0 -12

Latin America to North America 37.5 14 -19 3

Table IV.13

Share of mining products in trade in total merchandiseand in primary products by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of mining products in total merchandise

World 12.6 12.6

North America 7.2 11.4

Latin America 20.3 10.9

Western Europe 6.9 10.8

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 31.5 13.5

Africa 55.0 10.8

Middle East 71.5 6.0

Asia 7.1 16.9

Share of mining products in primary products

World 57.5 57.5

North America 40.1 64.9

Latin America 51.3 52.6

Western Europe 42.4 51.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 77.9 57.0

Africa 77.7 40.5

Middle East 95.3 31.0

Asia 51.9 64.0

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

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Table IV.14

Exports of mining products by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

World 787.5 - - 100.0 100.0 10 -9 -1

Western Europe

World 183.2 100.0 100.0 25.5 23.3 7 -6 1Western Europe 141.5 79.9 77.2 20.4 18.0 7 -5 -1North America 19.4 7.4 10.6 1.9 2.5 17 -15 2Asia 7.1 3.9 3.9 1.0 0.9 6 -15 19C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 5.4 2.2 3.0 0.6 0.7 8 15 8Africa 2.9 1.6 1.6 0.4 0.4 8 -13 5Middle East 1.6 1.4 0.9 0.4 0.2 -3 -14 8Latin America 1.5 1.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 2 -2 9

Middle East

World 174.7 100.0 100.0 20.4 22.2 13 -12 -2Asia 102.6 56.2 58.7 11.5 13.0 14 -11 -1Western Europe 24.3 19.0 13.9 3.9 3.1 10 -21 -8North America 21.5 9.2 12.3 1.9 2.7 21 -5 -13Africa 6.7 3.5 3.8 0.7 0.9 16 -13 -3Middle East 3.9 3.7 2.2 0.8 0.5 1 -18 10Latin America 1.9 2.2 1.1 0.5 0.2 -5 -9 10C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 -17 22 38

Asia

World 114.8 100.0 100.0 15.5 14.6 9 -10 2Asia 91.2 84.8 79.4 13.1 11.6 7 -7 -1Western Europe 6.8 5.6 5.9 0.9 0.9 11 -8 -4North America 5.3 5.3 4.6 0.8 0.7 12 -14 -18Middle East 1.3 0.5 1.1 0.1 0.2 25 11 -2Latin America 1.2 0.7 1.1 0.1 0.2 30 -47 14All other regions 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.1 0.1 9 -14 4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a

World 98.8 100.0 100.0 9.0 | 12.5 15 -2 5Western Europe 49.1 59.4 49.7 5.3 6.2 10 -2 8C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 31.4 20.0 | 31.8 1.8 | 4.0 27 0 1Asia 6.1 7.8 6.1 0.7 0.8 12 -17 14North America 5.6 5.0 5.7 0.4 0.7 22 -28 22Latin America 3.9 4.5 3.9 0.4 0.5 18 -11 -12All other regions 2.7 2.1 2.7 0.2 0.3 11 42 13

Africa

World 77.1 100.0 100.0 9.4 9.8 12 -12 -1Western Europe 36.3 50.5 47.1 4.7 4.6 10 -8 -3North America 18.6 24.9 24.2 2.3 2.4 12 -12 -3Asia 14.1 12.5 18.2 1.2 1.8 21 -24 14Latin America 3.9 3.3 5.0 0.3 0.5 18 12 -7Africa 3.0 5.9 3.9 0.6 0.4 4 -16 -2All other regions 0.7 2.6 0.9 0.2 0.1 -4 -33 -6

Latin America

World 71.2 100.0 100.0 9.9 9.0 10 -14 -3North America 37.5 44.3 52.6 4.4 4.8 14 -19 3Latin America 14.4 21.7 20.3 2.1 1.8 10 -11 -12Western Europe 10.5 16.9 14.8 1.7 1.3 4 -5 1Asia 6.9 14.4 9.7 1.4 0.9 0 -5 -2All other regions 1.5 1.7 2.1 0.2 0.2 8 1 13

North America

World 67.8 100.0 100.0 10.4 8.6 7 -2 -9North America 44.7 52.2 66.0 5.4 5.7 12 0 -12Asia 7.5 20.8 11.1 2.2 1.0 -6 -9 -2Latin America 7.4 9.0 10.9 0.9 0.9 12 -18 4Western Europe 7.3 15.9 10.8 1.6 0.9 -3 9 -8All other regions 0.8 2.2 1.2 0.2 0.1 -4 -18 -2

a Includes the intra trade of the Baltic States and the CIS beginning with 1996.

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Chart IV.5

Regional shares in world trade in fuels, 2002

(Percentage)

3.1 Fuels

Table IV.15

World trade in fuels, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 615

Annual percentage change

1980-85 -5

1985-90 0

1990-95 0

1995-00 13

2000 58

2001 -9

2002 0

Share in world merchandise trade 9.8

Share in world exports of primary products 44.9

Table IV.16

Major regional flows in world exports of fuels, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Middle East to Asia 100.7 14 -11 -1

Intra-Western Europe 97.0 11 -5 0

Intra-Asia 63.7 9 -8 -2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS to

Western Europe 37.8 13 6 10

Africa to Western Europe 33.6 12 -9 -3

Intra-North America 33.4 17 3 -15

Table IV.17

Share of fuels in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of fuels in total merchandise

World 9.8 9.8

North America 4.6 9.5

Latin America 14.8 9.2

Western Europe 4.7 7.9

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 25.0 11.0

Africa 49.0 9.2

Middle East 69.7 4.1

Asia 4.8 13.2

Share of fuels in primary products

World 44.9 44.9

North America 25.8 53.8

Latin America 37.3 44.4

Western Europe 28.7 37.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 61.8 46.5

Africa 69.2 34.3

Middle East 93.0 21.2

Asia 35.4 49.9

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

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Table IV.18

Imports of fuels of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 10822 100.0 -1 -13 World 121926 100.0 -8 -5

Western Europe 4627 42.8 -9 -15 Latin America 36972 30.3 -17 5

North America 2560 23.7 30 -26 North America 30120 24.7 9 -13

Africa 1419 13.1 -20 45 Middle East 19966 16.4 -5 -13

Middle East 1164 10.8 3 5 Africa 15011 12.3 -13 -20

Latin America 960 8.9 0 -22 Western Europe 13501 11.1 -11 15

Asia 60 0.6 -29 -58 Asia 3486 2.9 -12 -17

C./E. Europe/ C./E. Europe/

Baltic States/CIS 33 0.3 -60 -34 Baltic States/CIS 2870 2.4 -12 93

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 2559 23.6 30 -26 Canada 30120 24.7 9 -13

European Union (15) 2427 22.4 3 -28 Venezuela 13856 11.4 -19 -3

Norway 2196 20.3 -24 7 Saudi Arabia 13292 10.9 -4 -2

Algeria 1098 10.1 -11 49 Mexico 12503 10.3 -20 19

Iraq 695 6.4 23 23 European Union (15) 8999 7.4 -11 13

Venezuela 682 6.3 -9 -15 Nigeria 6183 5.1 -17 -32

Saudi Arabia 428 4.0 -16 -5 Norway 4248 3.5 -12 17

Equatorial Guinea 187 1.7 - 163 Iraq 3798 3.1 -3 -40

Mexico 175 1.6 4 -37 Colombia 3303 2.7 -20 -4

Nigeria 125 1.2 -56 -6 Angola 3268 2.7 -13 0

Above 10 10572 97.7 - - Above 10 99570 81.7 - -

Region Region

World 190116 100.0 -5 0 World 65634 100.0 -9 -7

Western Europe 84342 44.4 -5 2 Middle East 39299 59.9 -10 -8

C./E. Europe/ 33835 17.8 7 14 Asia 22594 34.4 -7 -9

Baltic States/CIS Africa 1721 2.6 1 147

Africa 29824 15.7 -7 -5 North America 1260 1.9 -23 -8

Middle East 22385 11.8 -23 -8 C./E. Europe/

Latin America 4460 2.3 0 1 Baltic States/CIS 424 0.6 39 12

Asia 2930 1.5 35 9 Western Europe 194 0.3 -18 123

North America 2184 1.1 6 -15 Latin America 140 0.2 -45 -46

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (15) 60248 31.7 -4 1 United Arab Emirates 11443 17.4 -14 -9

Russian Federation 25008 13.2 5 13 Saudi Arabia 11354 17.3 -14 -5

Norway 22107 11.6 -10 2 Indonesia 6613 10.1 -15 -7

Algeria 10136 5.3 -10 2 Australia 6097 9.3 5 -4

Saudi Arabia 9068 4.8 -24 -6 Qatar 5229 8.0 3 -13

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 8577 4.5 -15 -13 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 4691 7.1 -6 -5

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 4438 2.3 -25 -11 Kuwait 4202 6.4 -11 -5

Nigeria 4025 2.1 -6 -22 Malaysia 3086 4.7 3 -8

Syrian Arab Republic 3378 1.8 19 3 Korea, Republic of 2191 3.3 -12 -27

Kazakhstan 2621 1.4 -10 42 Oman 2090 3.2 16 -11

Above 10 149606 78.7 - - Above 10 56996 86.8 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

Canada a United States

JapanEuropean Union (15)

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Table IV.19

Imports of fuels of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise imports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

Argentina 333 844 910 798 ... 4.2 3.9Australia b 2170 2883 5898 5151 5055 5.0 7.3Bahrain 1827 1385 2107 1584 ... 37.3 36.8Bangladesh 566 421 738 426 368 6.5 4.7Belarus - ... 2632 2223 2389 ... 26.6Brazil 6045 6491 8872 8416 7549 12.1 15.2Bulgaria ... 1531 1741 1607 1549 27.0 19.6Canada b 7313 5948 12481 12393 10822 3.6 4.9Chile 1099 1334 3014 2730 2530 8.4 14.8China 1259 5127 20637 17466 19285 3.9 6.5

Costa Rica 219 I 273 486 462 462 6.8 6.4Côte d'Ivoire ... 474 838 ... ... 16.2 30.1Croatia - 871 1145 1174 1306 11.6 12.2Cyprus 270 286 491 471 445 7.8 10.9Czech Republic b - 1964 I 3108 3310 3082 7.8 7.6Egypt 243 143 704 628 ... 1.2 4.9El Salvador 140 241 595 502 ... 7.2 10.0European Union (15) 139379 I 122188 199947 189431 190116 6.0 7.8

Intra-imports c 37430 IExtra-imports 101949 84698 137704 129848 129868 11.9 13.9

Ghana ... ... 629 716 ... ... 28.9Guatemala 278 410 620 763 771 12.5 12.7

Honduras 153 199 382 402 401 12.1 13.6Hong Kong, China 1996 3705 4533 4038 4125 1.9 2.0

retained imports 1567 2126 4102 3692 3823 4.1 15.7Hungary 1470 1805 I 2690 2768 2826 11.7 7.5India 6495 8661 17839 15935 ... 23.7 31.7Indonesia 1937 3007 6071 5523 6558 7.4 21.0Israel 1354 1673 3587 3169 3118 5.7 8.8Jamaica 380 351 586 519 ... 12.5 15.4Japan 57453 53916 77425 70364 65636 16.1 19.5Jordan 471 477 194 699 ... 12.9 14.4Kenya 424 413 642 ... 513 13.8 15.7

Korea, Republic of 11023 19013 38077 34069 31053 14.1 20.4Latvia - 385 392 373 375 21.2 9.3Lebanon ... ... 1029 1293 ... ... 17.7Lithuania - 708 1185 1290 1425 19.4 18.4Malaysia 1487 1736 3940 3867 3677 2.2 4.6Mauritius 132 138 244 223 224 7.0 10.3Mexico d 1125 1502 I 5516 5524 4455 2.1 2.3Morocco 1168 1173 I 2039 1946 1836 13.7 15.8Nepal 50 123 236 ... ... 9.2 15.0New Zealand 727 744 1446 1318 1401 5.3 9.3

Nicaragua 121 181 307 308 ... 18.2 17.3Norway 1178 947 1193 1351 1214 2.9 3.5Pakistan 1529 1890 3598 2918 3004 16.4 26.7Panama 244 342 627 613 520 13.6 17.4Paraguay 192 205 297 351 ... 6.5 16.1Peru 327 664 1156 970 1034 8.8 13.7Philippines 1943 2623 4095 3586 3273 9.3 9.3Poland 2533 2651 I 5308 5082 5041 9.1 9.1Romania 2906 2195 1583 1970 1992 21.4 11.2Russian Federation e - 439 1542 1086 1118 0.7 1.8

Singapore 9632 10030 16219 14588 15204 8.1 13.1retained imports 9545 9934 16106 14166 13868 13.1 23.9

Slovak Republic b - 1535 I 2236 2247 2211 17.5 13.4South Africa b 88 2225 I 3826 3736 3269 8.3 13.0Sri Lanka 333 364 551 506 546 6.9 8.9Switzerland 3155 2317 3822 3855 3509 2.9 4.2Taipei, Chinese 5953 7142 13074 11800 11640 6.9 10.3Thailand 3084 4775 7549 7474 7780 6.7 12.0Tunisia 493 572 902 912 872 7.2 9.2Turkey 4622 4619 7515 6141 7170 12.9 14.4Ukraine e - ... 5653 6439 6659 ... 39.2

United States 68741 62984 139622 129014 121927 8.2 10.1Zimbabwe b 288 239 ... ... ... 9.0 11.5

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.d Beginning with 2000 imports are valued c.i.f.e Includes Secretariat estimates.

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4. Manufactures

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Chart IV.6

Regional shares in world trade in manufactures, 2002

(Percentage)

Table IV.20

World trade in manufactures, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 4708

Annual percentage change

1980-85 2

1985-90 15

1990-95 9

1995-00 5

2000 10

2001 -4

2002 4

Share in world merchandise trade 75.1

Table IV.22

Share of manufactures in total merchandise trade by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

World 75.1 75.1

North America 76.9 79.8

Latin America 59.5 76.3

Western Europe 80.7 75.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 57.2 75.5

Africa 25.2 70.9

Middle East 23.8 78.1

Asia 83.6 71.1

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Table IV.21

Major regional flows in world exports of manufactures, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Intra-Western Europe 1397.9 2 -1 4

Intra-Asia 614.9 4 -11 11

Asia to North America 368.0 6 -12 5

Intra-North America 280.0 8 -9 -1

Western Europe to

North America 233.9 9 1 5

Asia to Western Europe 231.5 6 -11 3

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Table IV.23

Exports of manufactures by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

World 4708.1 - - 100.0 100.0 5 -4 4

Western Europe

World 2144.4 100.0 100.0 48.2 45.5 3 1 5Western Europe 1397.9 67.7 65.2 32.6 29.7 2 -1 4North America 233.9 7.9 10.9 3.8 5.0 9 1 5Asia 183.4 10.5 8.6 5.1 3.9 -2 1 5C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 148.8 4.5 6.9 2.2 3.2 8 13 14Middle East 60.4 2.7 2.8 1.3 1.3 0 11 9Africa 54.7 2.7 2.5 1.3 1.2 0 6 5Latin America 49.1 2.4 2.3 1.1 1.0 4 2 -8

Asia

World 1354.6 100.0 100.0 29.3 28.8 5 -10 8Asia 614.9 47.1 45.4 13.8 13.1 4 -11 11North America 368.0 26.8 27.2 7.9 7.8 6 -12 5Western Europe 231.5 17.5 17.1 5.1 4.9 6 -11 3Middle East 40.4 2.4 3.0 0.7 0.9 6 5 10Latin America 35.0 2.4 2.6 0.7 0.7 8 -5 -4Africa 20.3 1.4 1.5 0.4 0.4 3 6 7C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 18.2 1.0 1.3 0.3 0.4 3 10 26

North America

World 727.8 100.0 100.0 15.4 15.5 8 -7 -5North America 280.0 37.0 38.5 5.7 5.9 8 -9 -1Asia 156.0 25.8 21.4 4.0 3.3 4 -11 -2Western Europe 140.1 19.3 19.2 3.0 3.0 8 -4 -10Latin America 122.7 14.1 16.9 2.2 2.6 12 -7 -9Middle East 15.9 2.2 2.2 0.3 0.3 5 3 0All other regions 13.0 1.8 1.8 0.3 0.3 4 19 -11

Latin America

World 208.5 100.0 100.0 3.0 4.4 13 -2 0North America 158.8 61.9 76.2 1.9 3.4 18 -3 2Latin America 29.1 22.3 14.0 0.7 0.6 5 3 -11Western Europe 12.4 8.8 6.0 0.3 0.3 6 -4 -1Asia 5.9 5.3 2.8 0.2 0.1 -3 2 14All other regions 2.1 1.3 1.0 0.0 0.0 2 8 15

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a

World 179.4 100.0 100.0 2.3 | 3.8 11 10 11Western Europe 110.4 59.2 61.5 1.4 2.3 12 10 14C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 38.9 16.1 | 21.7 0.4 | 0.8 19 8 9Asia 13.5 11.7 7.5 0.3 0.3 -1 25 13North America 7.5 5.2 4.2 0.1 0.2 12 -1 -3Middle East 4.3 3.5 2.4 0.1 0.1 2 13 14Africa 2.5 1.8 1.4 0.0 0.1 4 30 1Latin America 1.9 1.4 1.1 0.0 0.0 10 13 -14

Middle East

World 58.1 100.0 100.0 0.9 1.2 10 1 5North America 14.8 19.2 25.5 0.2 0.3 19 -6 2Western Europe 13.1 27.8 22.6 0.3 0.3 8 -4 -2Asia 11.5 24.8 19.8 0.2 0.2 3 6 8Middle East 9.0 14.3 15.5 0.1 0.2 7 18 10Africa 2.4 3.5 4.2 0.0 0.1 14 -1 6All other regions 2.8 4.8 4.7 0.0 0.1 8 8 7

Africa

World 35.3 100.0 100.0 0.8 0.8 2 4 1Western Europe 19.4 58.0 54.9 0.5 0.4 2 8 -8Africa 5.5 18.2 15.4 0.2 0.1 -1 -13 18Asia 4.1 11.3 11.5 0.1 0.1 0 -8 24North America 3.9 7.9 11.1 0.1 0.1 4 19 9All other regions 2.0 4.5 5.7 0.0 0.0 7 -10 11

a Includes the intra trade of the Baltic States and the CIS beginning with 1996.

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Table IV.24

Trade in manufactures of the United States, the European Union and Japan by region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

United States

571.0 100.0 100.0 8 -7 -5 World 933.9 100.0 100.0 10 -6 3

137.2 23.8 24.0 7 -10 -1 North America 137.5 16.6 14.7 9 -9 -2

121.1 17.2 21.2 13 -7 -8 Latin America 140.6 10.8 15.1 16 -1 2

80.4 8.4 14.1 20 -9 -4 Mexico 109.7 7.8 11.7 18 -2 1

133.0 23.2 23.3 8 -4 -10 Western Europe 208.3 20.7 22.3 10 0 3

124.0 22.8 21.7 7 -4 -10 European Union (15) 194.5 19.0 20.8 10 0 3

C./E. Europe/5.1 0.8 0.9 5 14 4 Baltic States/CIS 9.2 0.7 1.0 17 -1 -6

7.3 1.3 1.3 5 25 -20 Africa 4.6 0.4 0.5 11 13 5

15.3 2.6 2.7 5 3 -1 Middle East 14.2 1.1 1.5 17 -6 1

151.9 31.1 26.6 4 -11 -1 Asia 419.5 49.8 44.9 8 -10 6

17.6 1.8 3.1 9 20 17 China 128.9 7.6 13.8 17 2 22

36.5 9.4 6.4 2 -11 -12 Japan 119.6 20.4 12.8 3 -14 -4

71.4 15.6 12.5 5 -16 -3 Six East Asian traders 126.3 17.8 13.5 7 -16 1

European Union (15)

2002.7 100.0 100.0 3 1 5 World 1846.1 100.0 100.0 4 -2 3

217.8 7.8 10.9 9 2 5 North America 156.2 7.7 8.5 8 -4 -6

45.8 2.4 2.3 4 1 -8 Latin America 15.7 0.7 0.9 10 -10 4

12.9 0.3 0.6 17 5 3 Mexico 3.7 0.2 0.2 11 9 -16

1310.5 67.9 65.4 2 -1 4 Western Europe 1275.4 73.2 69.1 2 -1 4

1190.3 61.6 59.4 2 -1 4 European Union (15) 1190.3 68.3 64.5 2 -1 4

C./E. Europe/140.7 4.4 7.0 8 13 13 Baltic States/CIS 99.4 3.2 5.4 11 11 12

51.6 2.9 2.6 0 6 4 Africa 21.7 1.1 1.2 5 8 -7

54.9 2.5 2.7 2 11 10 Middle East 12.2 0.6 0.7 6 -3 -3

168.3 10.3 8.4 -2 1 5 Asia 257.6 12.7 14.0 7 -8 4

29.5 1.0 1.5 4 17 20 China 73.6 2.1 4.0 14 5 16

33.1 2.2 1.7 -1 -2 -1 Japan 63.2 4.6 3.4 2 -15 -5

64.9 4.5 3.2 -3 -1 0 Six East Asian traders 81.5 4.3 4.4 7 -13 3

Japan

387.5 100.0 100.0 1 -17 3 World 193.7 100.0 100.0 4 -7 -2

121.1 29.2 31.3 3 -15 -1 North America 42.0 27.5 21.7 1 -13 -8

10.3 4.3 2.6 -7 -12 -10 Latin America 1.8 0.8 0.9 7 -11 -5

3.7 0.8 0.9 8 -21 -8 Mexico 1.0 0.2 0.5 25 -7 -8

61.8 17.3 15.9 2 -18 -5 Western Europe 40.0 25.1 20.6 -1 -4 -2

58.1 16.3 15.0 2 -18 -5 European Union (15) 36.5 23.0 18.8 -1 -4 -2

C./E. Europe/2.8 0.5 0.7 4 -3 18 Baltic States/CIS 1.0 0.4 0.5 8 8 -7

3.8 1.7 1.0 -11 -11 7 Africa 0.9 0.3 0.4 0 16 27

11.0 2.0 2.8 2 8 9 Middle East 1.1 1.0 0.5 -7 -5 -11

171.7 44.9 44.3 0 -19 11 Asia 107.1 44.9 55.3 7 -5 0

49.7 4.8 12.8 15 -1 26 China 51.7 15.1 26.7 11 7 9

106.7 32.4 27.5 -1 -24 7 Six East Asian traders 41.4 24.0 21.4 5 -16 -8

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Table IV.25

Imports of manufactures of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Canada a United States

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 184670 100.0 -9 1 World 933939 100.0 -6 3

North America 119634 64.8 -10 -1 Asia 419505 44.9 -10 6

Asia 31099 16.8 -11 8 Western Europe 208347 22.3 0 3

Western Europe 21365 11.6 -1 5 Latin America 140593 15.1 -1 2

Latin America 8927 4.8 -3 7 North America 137477 14.7 -9 -2

C./E. Europe/ Middle East 14248 1.5 -6 1

Baltic States/CIS 736 0.4 -11 6 C./E. Europe/

Middle East 482 0.3 -19 2 Baltic States/CIS 9176 1.0 -1 -6

Africa 236 0.1 -32 5 Africa 4585 0.5 13 5

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 119634 64.8 -10 -1 European Union (15) 194529 20.8 0 3European Union (15) 19982 10.8 0 4 Canada 137471 14.7 -9 -2China 9781 5.2 8 24 China 128924 13.8 2 22Japan 9617 5.3 -15 3 Japan 119603 12.8 -14 -4Mexico 7520 4.1 -4 4 Mexico 109656 11.7 -2 1

Above 5 166534 90.2 -9 1 Above 5 690183 73.9 -5 3

Korea, Republic of 2985 1.6 -15 5 Korea, Republic of 35060 3.8 -13 2Taipei, Chinese 2633 1.4 -15 -5 Taipei, Chinese 31911 3.4 -19 -3Malaysia 1224 0.7 -27 5 Malaysia 23439 2.5 -12 8Switzerland 871 0.5 0 3 Singapore 13751 1.5 -22 0Thailand 801 0.4 -6 4 Thailand 13118 1.4 -11 3

Brazil 783 0.4 3 25 Israel 11725 1.3 -8 4India 752 0.4 -11 15 Brazil 11708 1.3 10 11Philippines 655 0.4 -35 13 India 10933 1.2 -9 23Singapore 612 0.3 -21 -15 Philippines 10441 1.1 -20 -3Hong Kong, China 600 0.3 -20 -20 Hong Kong, China 8997 1.0 -16 -3

Indonesia 484 0.3 6 1 Switzerland 8549 0.9 -10 2Israel 383 0.3 -3 4 Indonesia 8267 0.9 -1 -6Australia 276 0.2 1 10 Dominican Republic 3603 0.4 -6 -1Turkey 226 0.1 0 36 Turkey 3091 0.3 -2 16Norway 218 0.1 -32 86 Honduras 2735 0.3 0 3

Pakistan 174 0.1 -3 2 Australia 2726 0.3 4 -3Poland 163 0.1 4 0 Hungary 2527 0.3 9 -13South Africa 150 0.1 -22 2 Russian Federation 2453 0.3 2 -9Russian Federation 132 0.1 -32 16 Pakistan 2421 0.3 4 3Viet Nam 127 0.1 9 34 South Africa 2238 0.2 16 1

Czech Republic 109 0.1 -3 6 Bangladesh 2192 0.2 -2 -9Bangladesh 103 0.1 5 -14 Costa Rica 2121 0.2 -25 10Trinidad and Tobago 100 0.1 171 9 Guatemala 1924 0.2 7 4Hungary 96 0.1 1 -2 Sri Lanka 1873 0.2 -1 -9New Zealand 90 0.1 -58 27 El Salvador 1860 0.2 2 4

Argentina 90 0.0 -3 1 Viet Nam 1512 0.2 2 525Romania 77 0.0 -18 38 Norway 1320 0.1 8 -1Venezuela 66 0.0 2 53 Macau, China 1297 0.1 -5 3Sri Lanka 63 0.0 -18 -7 Venezuela 1261 0.1 -5 2Macau, China 58 0.0 6 16 Czech Republic 1187 0.1 2 11

Dominican Republic 57 0.0 -7 10 Cambodia 1143 0.1 16 13Costa Rica 55 0.0 -26 120 Argentina 1026 0.1 -4 -1Chile 53 0.0 23 43 Colombia 992 0.1 -10 -11Honduras 51 0.0 31 34 Poland 897 0.1 -9 16Saudi Arabia 47 0.0 -31 -10 Trinidad and Tobago 862 0.1 23 -12

Above 40 181898 98.5 - - Above 40 921343 98.7 - -

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Table IV.25 (continued)

Imports of manufactures of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (15) Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 1846056 100.0 -2 3 World 193749 100.0 -7 -2

Western Europe 1275387 69.1 -1 4 Asia 107111 55.3 -5 0

Asia 257606 14.0 -8 4 North America 42032 21.7 -13 -8

North America 156186 8.5 -4 -6 Western Europe 39952 20.6 -4 -2

C./E. Europe/ Latin America 1768 0.9 -11 -5

Baltic States/CIS 99398 5.4 11 12 Middle East 1054 0.5 -5 -10

Africa 21673 1.2 8 -7 C./E. Europe/

Latin America 15728 0.9 -10 4 Baltic States/CIS 964 0.5 8 -6

Middle East 12236 0.7 -3 -3 Africa 862 0.4 17 26

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (15) 1190279 64.5 -1 4 China 51657 26.7 7 9United States 145876 7.9 -4 -6 United States 40336 20.8 -13 -8China 73602 4.0 5 16 European Union (15) 36457 18.8 -4 -2Japan 63210 3.4 -15 -5 Taipei, Chinese 11435 5.9 -22 -7Switzerland 47841 2.6 -4 2 Korea, Republic of 11277 5.8 -17 -7

Above 5 1520808 82.4 -2 3 Above 5 151162 78.0 -7 -1

Czech Republic 23816 1.3 14 16 Thailand 7003 3.6 -2 1Poland 21987 1.2 11 13 Malaysia 6875 3.5 -14 -17Hungary 21480 1.2 10 8 Philippines 5275 2.7 -8 2Korea, Republic of 20522 1.1 -16 9 Indonesia 4517 2.3 -2 -4Taipei, Chinese 19605 1.1 -11 -6 Singapore 3778 1.9 -16 -13

Turkey 17982 1.0 12 18 Switzerland 3066 1.6 1 -2Malaysia 11936 0.6 -12 9 Canada 1696 0.9 -8 -8Singapore 11784 0.6 -18 7 Viet Nam 1542 0.8 6 4India 10634 0.6 2 8 Hong Kong, China 1076 0.6 -14 -8Canada 9506 0.5 -5 -5 Mexico 1024 0.5 -7 -8

Thailand 8974 0.5 -6 1 India 994 0.5 -7 0Hong Kong, China 8696 0.5 -14 -1 South Africa 744 0.4 21 29Romania 8640 0.5 20 16 Israel 689 0.4 -6 -10Norway 8486 0.5 -3 -1 Australia 627 0.3 -17 -6Slovak Republic 8402 0.5 15 29 Brazil 421 0.2 -26 11

Israel 6709 0.4 -8 -7 New Zealand 403 0.2 -3 -10Indonesia 6668 0.4 -7 -3 Norway 301 0.2 -1 1Philippines 6407 0.3 -8 24 Hungary 269 0.1 -14 -7South Africa 5896 0.3 4 -9 Saudi Arabia 223 0.1 1 -19Slovenia 5789 0.3 2 10 Russian Federation 163 0.1 9 -7

Brazil 5564 0.3 -11 -1 Czech Republic 148 0.1 19 6Russian Federation 5337 0.3 -1 -7 Slovak Republic 147 0.1 35 -13Tunisia 4903 0.3 12 4 Pakistan 119 0.1 -18 -26Morocco 4103 0.2 3 6 Costa Rica 107 0.1 -11 -24Mexico 3744 0.2 9 -16 Bangladesh 89 0.0 10 -1

Viet Nam 3730 0.2 10 5 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 77 0.0 -24 -7Bangladesh 2828 0.2 6 0 Cambodia 73 0.0 36 20Australia 2586 0.1 -6 0 Sri Lanka 70 0.0 -5 -25Pakistan 2487 0.1 5 11 Turkey 69 0.0 8 6Saudi Arabia 2314 0.1 -2 17 Jordan 68 0.0 -38 42

Bulgaria 2294 0.1 19 -1 Kazakhstan 65 0.0 19 -21Estonia 1911 0.1 -7 0 New Caledonia 61 0.0 -2 0Croatia 1772 0.1 8 1 Poland 55 0.0 59 2Ukraine 1670 0.1 9 3 Zimbabwe 48 0.0 -16 14Lithuania 1590 0.1 6 14 Chile 45 0.0 14 -31

Above 40 1811560 98.1 - - Above 40 193089 99.7 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table IV.26

Leading exporters and importers of manufactures, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

European Union (15) 2002.7 50.7 50.3 40.6 42.5 3 3 1 5

Extra-exports 812.5 21.3 18.0 15.9 17.3 3 7 3 6

United States 568.7 13.0 12.1 13.8 12.1 8 13 -7 -6

Japan 387.5 11.2 11.5 9.6 8.2 1 14 -17 4

China a 292.6 0.8 1.9 4.7 6.2 12 28 7 24

Hong Kong, China 191.6 - - - - 4 17 -5 5

domestic exports 15.8 1.2 1.1 0.5 0.3 -5 6 -15 -16

re-exports 175.7 - - - - 5 18 -4 8

Canada 158.6 2.7 3.1 3.7 3.4 8 10 -8 -2

Korea, Republic of 148.8 1.4 2.5 3.3 3.2 6 20 -13 10

Mexico a 135.4 0.4 1.1 3.0 2.9 18 20 -3 0

Taipei, Chinese 126.5 1.6 2.6 3.0 2.7 6 22 -16 6

Singapore 105.6 0.8 1.6 2.5 2.2 4 19 -13 3

domestic exports 52.9 0.4 1.0 1.4 1.1 2 10 -18 2

re-exports 52.7 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.1 6 33 -7 4

Switzerland 81.4 2.4 2.5 1.6 1.7 -1 0 3 7

Malaysia a 74.0 0.2 0.7 1.7 1.6 7 16 -11 5

Thailand 52.0 0.1 0.6 1.1 1.1 5 20 -7 8

Czech Republic a 34.5 - - 0.5 0.7 8 11 17 16

Poland 33.6 1.1 0.4 0.5 0.7 9 18 15 15

Above 15 4217.8 87.8 91.9 90.1 89.6 - - - -

Importers

European Union (15) 1846.1 41.0 45.9 37.5 37.9 4 4 -2 3

Extra-imports 655.8 12.2 14.3 13.7 13.5 7 9 -3 2

United States 933.9 11.2 15.4 19.9 19.2 10 15 -6 3

China a 236.8 1.1 1.7 3.5 4.9 10 28 12 25

Japan 193.7 2.3 4.1 4.4 4.0 4 20 -7 -2

Hong Kong, China 188.3 - - - - 2 20 -5 3

retained imports 12.5 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.3 -10 30 -13 -35

Canada b 184.7 3.7 3.8 4.1 3.8 8 9 -9 1

Mexico a 169.3 1.5 1.3 3.4 3.5 23 ... 1 1

Korea, Republic of 95.4 0.9 1.8 2.0 2.0 2 32 -14 13

Singapore 93.0 1.2 1.8 2.3 1.9 1 19 -15 0

retained imports 40.2 0.8 1.2 2.3 1.8 -2 7 -23 -5

Taipei, Chinese 86.0 0.9 1.5 2.3 1.8 8 27 -26 6

Switzerland 70.0 2.3 2.4 1.4 1.4 0 1 0 1

Malaysia a 65.4 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.3 1 25 -12 9

Australia b 57.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 4 7 -16 15

Thailand 48.3 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 -4 20 0 4

Russian Federation c 45.1 - - 0.7 0.9 -3 18 24 14

Above 15 4137.6 69.5 83.9 85.5 85.5 - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Includes Secretariat estimates.

-

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Table IV.27

Exports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-02

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise exports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

World 2391.00 I 3702.00 I 4689.00 4514.00 4708.00 73.8 75.1

Argentina 3.57 7.10 8.49 8.64 ... 33.9 32.5Australia 6.90 14.27 15.16 14.65 15.50 26.9 23.8Bangladesh 1.21 2.90 5.20 5.20 4.91 77.7 80.6Belarus - ... 4.88 5.17 5.59 ... 69.0Brazil 16.14 24.58 31.80 31.11 31.50 52.9 52.2Bulgaria ... 3.10 2.81 3.15 3.61 57.9 62.9Canada 73.31 118.22 175.64 161.05 158.56 61.5 62.8Chile 0.83 1.86 2.80 3.18 3.15 11.6 17.2China b 44.31 124.84 219.86 235.82 292.57 83.9 89.9Colombia 1.70 3.49 4.26 4.84 4.50 34.7 37.5

Costa Rica b 0.39 I 1.69 4.17 3.45 3.65 48.8 69.3Croatia - 3.42 3.22 3.41 3.55 73.8 72.5Czech Republic b - 17.73 I 25.53 29.77 34.51 83.1 89.9Dominican Republic b, c 1.51 3.06 4.85 4.47 ... 80.9 83.7Egypt 1.47 1.39 1.38 1.36 ... 40.2 32.9El Salvador b 0.33 1.05 2.25 2.32 2.48 63.5 82.9Estonia - 1.18 I 2.77 3.00 3.22 64.1 74.2European Union (15) 1203.33 I 1667.65 1901.78 1911.36 2002.74 80.0 81.8

Intra-exports 771.74 I 1027.53 1155.52 1145.65 1190.28 77.0 78.9Extra-exports 431.60 640.12 746.26 765.71 812.46 85.4 86.5

Hong Kong, China 75.64 160.77 192.50 181.97 191.55 92.5 95.2domestic exports 27.41 28.02 22.14 18.79 15.82 93.6 86.6re-exports 48.23 132.75 170.35 163.18 175.74 92.2 96.1

Hungary b 6.28 8.70 I 24.49 26.39 30.02 67.6 87.4

India d 12.52 23.20 34.60 33.11 ... 73.2 74.7Indonesia 9.04 22.96 35.24 31.52 30.91 50.5 54.1Israel d 10.43 16.96 29.55 27.44 27.40 89.1 92.8Japan 275.13 421.62 449.69 374.38 387.50 95.1 93.0Jordan 0.59 0.97 0.95 1.59 ... 54.9 69.4Korea, Republic of 60.60 114.40 154.90 135.46 148.84 91.5 91.6Lithuania - 1.56 2.29 2.67 3.24 57.7 58.2Macao, China 1.67 1.94 2.48 2.24 2.28 97.2 96.6Malaysia b 15.82 55.09 78.93 70.42 74.04 74.5 79.4Malta 1.04 1.83 2.25 1.77 ... 95.6 90.1

Mauritius 0.80 1.08 1.20 1.13 1.27 70.2 72.6Mexico b 25.26 61.64 138.65 134.82 135.37 77.5 84.2Morocco b 2.21 2.43 I 4.76 4.62 5.12 51.4 64.6New Zealand 2.39 4.20 3.99 4.09 4.41 30.8 30.7Nigeria 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.10 ... 0.6 0.6Norway 11.13 13.67 13.32 14.53 14.99 32.5 24.6Pakistan 4.39 6.67 7.80 7.86 8.47 83.0 85.5Philippines b 5.59 13.78 34.77 29.24 32.31 78.8 89.1Poland 8.47 16.27 I 25.37 29.09 33.60 71.0 81.9Romania 3.60 6.12 7.95 9.19 11.24 77.4 81.1

Russian Federation c - 29.11 29.50 29.74 29.28 35.9 27.4Saudi Arabia 3.66 5.70 5.96 7.45 7.57 11.4 10.2Singapore 37.55 99.04 117.68 102.59 105.64 83.7 84.4

domestic exports 23.26 57.87 63.28 52.00 52.92 83.2 79.2re-exports 14.28 41.17 54.40 50.59 52.72 84.5 90.4

Slovak Republic - 6.98 I 9.93 10.58 12.23 81.3 85.1Slovenia - 7.44 7.83 8.28 9.32 89.5 98.4South Africa d 8.32 13.50 I 20.23 19.24 20.27 48.5 68.2Sri Lanka 1.02 2.79 4.14 3.58 3.43 73.3 72.9Switzerland 59.59 76.10 73.88 75.81 81.39 93.2 92.6Taipei, Chinese 62.05 104.88 141.43 119.40 126.50 92.8 93.3Thailand 14.58 41.22 51.77 48.26 51.98 73.0 75.5

Tunisia 2.42 4.35 4.51 5.34 5.66 79.4 83.2Turkey 8.78 16.04 22.31 25.57 29.93 74.1 86.6Ukraine c - ... 9.77 10.44 11.87 ... 66.1United Arab Emirates c 2.86 6.00 6.52 7.98 ... 21.6 16.8United States 290.49 450.28 648.91 602.37 568.73 77.0 82.0

a Or nearest year.b Includes significant exports from processing zones.c Includes Secretariat estimates.d Includes significant exports of diamonds. For the most recent year, the share of diamonds in exports of manufactures was 18 per cent for India, 37 per cent for Israel and 11 percent for South Africa.

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Table IV.28

Imports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-02

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise imports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

Algeria 6.66 6.63 6.10 6.79 ... 64.7 70.0Argentina 3.10 17.20 22.00 17.45 ... 85.5 85.8Australia b 31.61 49.14 58.93 49.78 57.27 85.6 83.0Bangladesh 1.92 3.76 4.88 5.60 5.27 57.8 66.5Belarus - ... 4.32 4.43 5.04 ... 56.1Brazil 12.62 38.18 43.01 44.11 36.62 71.0 73.7Bulgaria ... 3.01 3.83 4.69 5.25 53.3 66.5Canada b 92.90 135.70 200.75 182.56 184.67 82.6 83.3Chile 5.29 11.80 11.86 11.80 11.19 74.2 65.5China c 42.39 103.41 169.88 189.92 236.81 78.3 80.2

Colombia 4.28 10.78 9.19 10.40 10.32 77.8 81.0Costa Rica c 1.50 I 3.54 5.45 5.66 6.25 87.8 87.1Croatia - 5.00 5.78 6.71 8.06 66.6 75.2Cyprus 1.81 2.41 2.49 2.56 2.80 65.2 68.5Czech Republic b, c - 19.68 I 25.69 29.52 33.52 78.5 82.2Dominican Republic b, c, d 1.94 3.44 5.99 5.75 ... 66.6 65.4Ecuador 1.51 3.43 2.63 4.27 ... 82.7 79.7Egypt 6.99 7.11 7.37 6.97 ... 60.5 54.6El Salvador c 0.82 2.38 3.25 3.39 3.45 71.6 66.4Estonia - 1.80 I 3.84 4.06 4.48 70.8 76.4

European Union (15) 1121.53 I 1504.60 1820.14 1790.16 1846.06 73.4 75.5Intra-imports e 772.63 IExtra-imports 348.89 477.07 664.62 644.50 655.78 66.9 70.3

Guatemala 1.14 2.40 3.52 3.89 4.33 72.8 71.3Hong Kong, China 70.53 170.56 192.66 182.53 188.25 87.0 90.9

retained imports 22.30 37.81 22.31 19.35 12.51 72.5 51.5Hungary c 7.27 11.63 I 27.08 28.36 31.98 75.2 85.0India f 12.17 19.31 22.03 23.61 ... 52.8 47.0Indonesia 16.64 29.57 20.48 18.91 18.41 72.8 58.8Iran, Islamic Rep. of d 15.49 9.26 9.96 12.28 ... 66.7 68.5Israel f 11.68 23.15 29.04 27.09 26.95 78.3 75.9Japan 99.95 177.91 212.67 197.90 193.75 53.0 57.5Jordan 1.34 2.24 2.65 3.02 ... 60.5 62.3

Kazakhstan - 2.22 3.79 4.96 5.09 58.4 78.4Korea, Republic of 44.10 89.85 98.16 84.64 95.44 66.5 62.7Kuwait 2.61 6.29 5.90 6.47 ... 80.7 82.2Lebanon ... ... 3.48 4.23 ... ... 58.0Lithuania - 2.11 3.31 4.07 5.02 57.8 64.9Malaysia c 22.87 64.42 68.13 59.95 65.43 82.9 81.9Mauritius 1.28 1.44 1.47 1.38 1.46 72.6 67.2Mexico c, g 32.49 58.08 I 165.01 167.26 169.29 80.2 88.9Morocco c 4.22 4.81 I 7.25 6.88 7.55 56.3 64.8New Zealand 7.56 11.50 10.81 10.31 11.66 82.4 77.4

Nigeria 4.92 6.68 6.89 8.92 ... 81.2 76.9Norway 21.40 25.96 27.48 26.05 27.75 78.7 79.7Oman 1.81 2.90 3.46 3.92 4.16 68.2 69.3Pakistan 3.99 6.63 5.09 5.05 5.88 57.6 52.3Peru 1.61 5.69 5.21 5.19 5.26 75.0 69.9Philippines c 8.96 21.83 25.64 23.76 28.41 77.0 80.6Poland 7.26 21.61 I 38.25 39.60 44.16 74.4 80.1Romania 2.95 6.48 9.82 11.68 13.98 63.0 78.3Russian Federation d - 37.76 31.75 39.41 45.10 62.0 74.5Saudi Arabia 18.23 20.67 22.05 23.74 24.56 73.6 76.0

Singapore 44.42 103.32 109.78 93.14 92.96 83.0 79.8retained imports 30.13 62.15 55.39 42.55 40.24 82.0 69.3

Slovak Republic b - 5.67 I 9.09 10.88 12.55 64.6 76.1Slovenia - 7.00 7.68 7.78 8.60 73.8 78.6South Africa b 13.43 20.81 I 19.21 17.78 18.60 77.8 74.2Sri Lanka 1.71 3.51 4.90 3.93 3.83 66.1 62.8Switzerland 58.01 68.29 69.01 68.99 69.99 85.2 83.6Taipei, Chinese 36.77 76.85 110.62 81.53 86.04 74.2 76.4Thailand 24.83 56.70 46.58 46.58 48.32 80.1 74.7Tunisia 3.91 5.75 6.46 7.26 7.12 72.8 74.8Turkey 13.63 24.41 38.16 27.09 33.85 68.4 68.1

Ukraine d - ... 6.97 7.01 8.22 ... 48.3United Arab Emirates d 8.63 18.26 22.88 22.82 ... 87.0 75.9United States 375.66 607.82 968.21 905.51 933.94 78.9 77.7Venezuela b 5.05 8.24 11.81 13.36 ... 76.4 81.3

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Includes significant imports into processing zones.d Includes Secretariat estimates.e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.f Includes significant imports of diamonds. For the most recent year, the share of diamonds in total imports of manufactures was 19 per cent for India and 27 per cent for Israel.g Beginning with 2000 imports are valued c.i.f.

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4.1 Iron and steel

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Chart IV.7

Regional shares in world trade in iron and steel, 2002

(Percentage)

Table IV.29

World trade in iron and steel, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 142

Annual percentage change

1980-85 -2

1985-90 9

1990-95 8

1995-00 -1

2000 14

2001 -6

2002 7

Share in world merchandise trade 2.3

Share in world exports of manufactures 3.0

Table IV.31

Share of iron and steel in trade in total merchandiseand in manufactures by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of iron and steel in total merchandise

World 2.3 2.3

North America 1.0 1.4

Latin America 2.5 2.2

Western Europe 2.5 2.3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 6.5 3.0

Africa 2.1 3.5

Middle East 0.4 4.1

Asia 2.1 2.6

Share of iron and steel in manufactures

World 3.0 3.0

North America 1.3 1.8

Latin America 4.2 2.8

Western Europe 3.1 3.1

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 11.3 4.0

Africa 8.2 4.9

Middle East 1.9 5.3

Asia 2.5 3.6

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Table IV.30

Major regional flows in world exports of iron and steel, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Intra-Western Europe 48.6 -3 -7 5

Intra-Asia 24.1 -3 -13 17

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS to

Western Europe 6.1 -3 -6 4

Intra-North America 6.0 5 -13 11

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS to Asia 5.3 -2 5 17

Western Europe to North America 4.2 2 -17 -7

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Table IV.32

Exports of iron and steel by principal region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

World 142.1 - - 100.0 100.0 -1 -6 7

Western Europe

World 66.4 100.0 100.0 51.5 46.7 -3 -4 5

Western Europe 48.6 75.4 73.1 38.8 34.2 -3 -7 5

North America 4.2 6.4 6.3 3.3 3.0 2 -17 -7

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 4.1 2.7 6.2 1.4 2.9 8 22 8

Asia 3.8 7.1 5.8 3.7 2.7 -12 10 17

Middle East 2.2 3.0 3.4 1.6 1.6 -8 22 17

Africa 1.9 2.7 2.9 1.4 1.3 -7 24 7

Latin America 1.3 1.7 2.0 0.9 0.9 -2 5 6

Asia

World 33.4 100.0 100.0 22.4 23.5 0 -14 11

Asia 24.1 80.0 72.1 17.9 16.9 -3 -13 17

North America 3.7 9.6 11.0 2.2 2.6 9 -26 -3

Western Europe 2.0 3.9 5.9 0.9 1.4 14 -13 -11

Middle East 1.7 2.6 5.0 0.6 1.2 8 31 -2

Latin America 0.9 1.7 2.8 0.4 0.7 13 -10 -5

All other regions 0.8 2.1 2.3 0.5 0.5 -2 9 9

Japan

World 15.5 100.0 100.0 11.5 10.9 -3 -9 14

Asia 12.3 77.6 79.3 8.9 8.6 -4 -13 27

North America 1.2 10.3 7.6 1.2 0.8 -2 -8 -21

Middle East 0.6 2.8 4.0 0.3 0.4 2 38 -14

Latin America 0.6 2.7 3.7 0.3 0.4 7 -9 -3

Western Europe 0.5 3.9 3.3 0.4 0.4 -2 21 -32

All other regions 0.3 2.7 2.1 0.3 0.2 -10 -1 15

Other Economies in Asia

World 17.9 100.0 100.0 10.9 12.6 4 -17 7

Asia 11.8 82.5 65.8 9.0 8.3 -2 -14 9

North America 2.5 8.9 13.9 1.0 1.8 18 -34 9

Western Europe 1.5 3.9 8.1 0.4 1.0 24 -24 0

Middle East 1.1 2.5 5.9 0.3 0.7 14 26 8

All other regions 0.8 2.2 4.5 0.2 0.6 17 1 -1

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS a

World 20.3 100.0 100.0 11.4 | 14.3 2 2 3

Western Europe 6.1 40.8 30.1 4.7 4.3 -3 -6 4

Asia 5.3 27.5 25.9 3.1 3.7 -2 5 17

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 4.2 9.4 | 20.4 1.1 | 2.9 21 6 -9

Middle East 2.0 7.9 9.9 0.9 1.4 1 28 8

All other regions 2.8 13.0 13.6 1.5 1.9 5 -5 -1

a Includes the intra trade of the Baltic States and the CIS beginning with 1996.

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Table IV.33

Imports of iron and steel of the European Union and the United States by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (15) United States

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 54712 100.0 -7 3 World 15563 100.0 -22 4

Western Europe 44984 82.2 -7 4 Western Europe 3759 24.2 -16 -14

C./E. Europe/ Asia 3594 23.1 -27 -6

Baltic States/CIS 4854 8.9 0 2 Latin America 3557 22.9 -17 21

Asia 1787 3.3 -19 -8 North America 3077 19.8 -14 22

Latin America 1189 2.2 -17 3 C./E. Europe/

Africa 1061 1.9 -6 -6 Baltic States/CIS 1065 6.8 -45 13

North America 658 1.2 3 -10 Africa 478 3.1 -34 25

Middle East 87 0.2 -31 -28 Middle East 33 0.2 -20 -15

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (15) 42496 77.7 -8 5 European Union (15) 3301 21.2 -16 -18

Russian Federation 1370 2.5 -16 16 Canada 3077 19.8 -14 22

Czech Republic 793 1.4 4 8 Mexico 1403 9.0 -19 30

Switzerland 732 1.3 -7 0 Brazil 1336 8.6 -16 12

South Africa 726 1.3 -8 -8 Japan 1117 7.2 -8 -19

Above 5 46117 84.3 -8 5 Above 5 10234 65.8 -15 1

Norway 681 1.2 -7 -4 Korea, Republic of 772 5.0 -19 -16

Turkey 649 1.2 11 -20 China 490 3.1 -29 0

Poland 581 1.1 -3 -16 Russian Federation 479 3.1 -19 8

United States 566 1.0 2 -12 India 445 2.9 -58 149

Brazil 524 1.0 -29 13 Venezuela 367 2.4 -12 20

Ukraine 501 0.9 31 1 Turkey 360 2.3 7 59

Slovak Republic 491 0.9 18 8 South Africa 351 2.3 -36 4

Japan 402 0.7 17 -18 Taipei, Chinese 324 2.1 -45 -16

Korea, Republic of 323 0.6 -22 -10 Australia 195 1.3 -25 1

China 275 0.5 -29 2 Argentina 148 1.0 -15 -7

Romania 268 0.5 0 -13 Ukraine 143 0.9 -67 -12

Bulgaria 223 0.4 15 -35 Trinidad and Tobago 137 0.9 34 16

Hungary 219 0.4 -15 -4 Thailand 119 0.8 -60 38

Argentina 204 0.4 5 17 Egypt 104 0.7 117 300

India 203 0.4 -33 25 Czech Republic 99 0.6 51 52

Taipei, Chinese 201 0.4 -39 9 Romania 98 0.6 -40 23

Slovenia 196 0.4 -1 5 Kazakhstan 76 0.5 -75 65

Colombia 174 0.3 -5 4 Dominican Republic 68 0.4 -56 113

Venezuela 172 0.3 56 19 Poland 58 0.4 -58 38

Kazakhstan 167 0.3 -5 18 Norway 49 0.3 -43 -29

New Caledonia 116 0.2 -24 10 Indonesia 47 0.3 -63 0

FYR Macedonia 105 0.2 -15 -19 Colombia 42 0.3 -17 8

Australia 104 0.2 14 -24 Bulgaria 37 0.2 100 131

Indonesia 99 0.2 11 -20 Malaysia 33 0.2 -1 -53

Belarus 94 0.2 22 88 Switzerland 27 0.2 -32 -25

Above 30 53655 98.1 - - Above 30 15302 98.3 - -

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Table IV.34

Leading exporters and importers of iron and steel, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

European Union (15) 61.52 52.9 57.0 43.6 43.3 -4 9 -6 5

Extra-exports 19.02 22.0 17.5 12.7 13.4 -4 13 -1 6

Japan 15.50 20.4 11.8 10.5 10.9 -3 10 -9 14

Russian Federation a 6.43 - - 5.0 4.5 0 23 -8 0

Korea, Republic of 5.99 2.2 3.4 4.7 4.2 4 13 -13 3

United States 5.71 4.2 3.3 4.5 4.0 2 16 -6 -4

Ukraine a 5.46 - - 3.6 3.8 - 32 -1 7

Taipei, Chinese 4.63 0.4 0.8 3.2 3.3 16 30 -18 23

Brazil 3.58 1.1 3.4 2.6 2.5 -3 17 -14 14

Canada 3.39 2.3 1.9 2.3 2.4 1 11 -13 21

China b 3.32 0.3 1.2 3.1 2.3 -3 65 -28 5

Turkey 2.78 0.0 1.4 1.3 2.0 -1 6 36 11

South Africa 2.41 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.7 0 19 -21 11

Hong Kong, China 1.71 - - - - -4 4 -21 15

domestic exports 0.01 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -20 -18 -42 -23

re-exports 1.70 - - - - -3 4 -21 15

Mexico b 1.69 0.1 0.7 1.2 1.2 -7 2 -26 30

Czech Republic b 1.49 - - 0.9 1.1 -8 6 14 6

Above 15 123.92 85.6 87.1 88.3 87.2 - - - -

Importers

European Union (15) 54.71 36.4 45.2 37.2 35.7 -3 11 -7 3

Extra-imports 12.22 6.2 7.6 8.7 8.0 0 23 -6 -3

United States 15.56 10.1 9.5 12.5 10.2 5 18 -22 4

China b 13.60 2.7 2.5 6.3 8.9 8 29 11 27

Korea, Republic of 5.51 1.2 2.9 3.5 3.6 -4 33 -17 25

Canada c 4.51 1.6 2.0 3.4 2.9 8 24 -22 9

Mexico b 4.03 2.2 1.0 2.8 2.6 19 ... -11 6

Taipei, Chinese 3.92 1.4 2.5 3.1 2.6 -6 11 -36 31

Thailand 3.29 0.6 2.4 1.8 2.1 -12 3 -7 27

Japan 2.44 1.1 4.1 2.4 1.6 -9 24 -24 -12

Hong Kong, China 2.43 - - - - -3 6 -21 -4

retained imports 0.73 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.5 -3 9 -21 -30

Malaysia b 2.33 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.5 -8 -1 3 6

Turkey 2.16 0.4 1.1 1.6 1.4 3 53 -25 20

Iran, Islamic Rep. of a, d 1.89 ... ... 1.0 1.3 ... 36 18 ...

Poland 1.69 1.5 0.3 0.9 1.1 9 14 11 6

Singapore 1.59 1.1 1.5 1.1 1.0 -9 6 -11 4

retained imports 1.19 1.0 1.2 0.9 0.8 -9 6 -13 5

Above 15 117.96 61.9 77.2 79.9 77.1 - - - -

a Includes Secretariat estimates.

b Includes significant shipments through processing zones.

c Imports are valued f.o.b.

d 2001 instead of 2002.

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4.2 Chemicals

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Chart IV.8

Regional shares in world trade in chemicals, 2002

(Percentage)

Table IV.35

World trade in chemicals, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 660

Annual percentage change

1980-85 1

1985-90 14

1990-95 10

1995-00 4

2000 9

2001 3

2002 10

Share in world merchandise trade 10.5

Share in world exports of manufactures 14.0

Table IV.37

Share of chemicals in trade in total merchandise andin manufactures by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of chemicals in total merchandise

World 10.5 10.5

North America 10.2 7.6

Latin America 4.8 12.1

Western Europe 15.0 12.5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 6.1 11.2

Africa 3.7 10.9

Middle East 6.7 9.1

Asia 6.6 9.7

Share of chemicals in manufactures

World 14.0 14.0

North America 13.3 9.5

Latin America 8.1 15.9

Western Europe 18.6 16.6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 10.8 14.8

Africa 14.6 15.4

Middle East 28.3 11.6

Asia 7.9 13.6

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Table IV.36

Major regional flows in world exports of chemicals, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Intra-Western Europe 264.7 2 5 14

Intra-Asia 69.9 5 -8 14

Western Europe to North America 49.4 15 9 19

Western Europe to Asia 31.4 1 0 10

Intra-North America 28.8 8 0 1

North America to Western Europe 26.6 8 3 3

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Table IV.38

Exports of chemicals by principal region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

World 660.4 - - 100.0 100.0 4 3 10

Western Europe

World 399.1 100.0 100.0 60.0 60.4 3 6 13

Western Europe 264.7 69.4 66.3 41.7 40.1 2 5 14

North America 49.4 6.7 12.4 4.0 7.5 15 9 19

Asia 31.4 9.4 7.9 5.6 4.8 1 0 10

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 22.3 3.9 5.6 2.4 3.4 8 14 16

Latin America 9.8 2.7 2.5 1.6 1.5 4 10 -5

Middle East 9.2 2.4 2.3 1.4 1.4 1 7 20

Africa 8.6 2.7 2.2 1.6 1.3 -1 6 8

Asia

World 106.8 100.0 100.0 15.7 16.2 6 -5 11

Asia 69.9 68.7 65.4 10.8 10.6 5 -8 14

North America 14.1 11.2 13.2 1.8 2.1 9 -1 10

Western Europe 13.9 14.0 13.0 2.2 2.1 5 0 3

Latin America 2.7 1.6 2.5 0.3 0.4 15 7 1

Middle East 2.2 1.5 2.0 0.2 0.3 11 5 8

Africa 2.0 1.5 1.9 0.2 0.3 9 8 5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1.2 0.6 1.1 0.1 0.2 16 9 14

Japan

World 33.3 100.0 100.0 6.2 5.0 3 -13 8

Asia 20.4 62.4 61.4 3.9 3.1 3 -15 13

North America 6.8 17.1 20.3 1.1 1.0 7 -12 5

Western Europe 5.2 17.4 15.6 1.1 0.8 1 -4 -2

Latin America 0.4 1.6 1.3 0.1 0.1 2 -12 -6

All other regions 0.4 1.4 1.3 0.1 0.1 0 -7 8

Other Economies in Asia

World 73.6 100.0 100.0 9.5 11.1 7 -1 13

Asia 49.5 72.8 67.3 6.9 7.5 6 -4 15

Western Europe 8.7 11.8 11.9 1.1 1.3 8 3 6

North America 7.3 7.3 10.0 0.7 1.1 11 12 15

Latin America 2.2 1.6 3.0 0.2 0.3 21 12 2

Middle East 1.9 2.0 2.6 0.2 0.3 13 6 8

Africa 1.9 2.1 2.6 0.2 0.3 10 10 5

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1.1 0.8 1.5 0.1 0.2 18 10 15

North America

World 96.6 100.0 100.0 15.1 14.6 6 0 -1

North America 28.8 26.4 29.8 4.0 4.4 8 0 1

Western Europe 26.6 23.0 27.5 3.5 4.0 8 3 3

Asia 22.3 31.5 23.1 4.7 3.4 1 -6 0

Latin America 16.2 16.2 16.7 2.4 2.4 9 -1 -8

All other regions 2.7 2.9 2.8 0.4 0.4 4 21 -12

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Table IV.39

Leading exporters and importers of chemicals, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

European Union (15) 363.34 58.4 59.0 52.3 55.0 3 4 5 13

Extra-exports 144.36 23.3 21.1 20.4 21.9 4 5 7 13

United States 81.29 14.8 13.3 14.1 12.3 6 15 0 -1

Japan 33.25 4.7 5.3 6.0 5.0 3 14 -13 8

Switzerland 29.70 4.0 4.7 3.8 4.5 1 -5 15 16

China a 15.32 0.8 1.3 2.1 2.3 6 17 10 15

Canada 15.27 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.3 6 15 1 2

Korea, Republic of 12.62 0.5 0.8 2.4 1.9 9 28 -9 1

Singapore 11.65 0.5 1.1 1.6 1.8 6 6 3 18

domestic exports 8.56 0.2 0.7 1.1 1.3 9 1 8 26

re-exports 3.09 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5 2 15 -7 -1

Taipei, Chinese 10.09 0.4 0.9 1.6 1.5 4 30 -4 14

Hong Kong, China 9.64 - - - - -1 11 -11 4

domestic exports 0.68 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 -7 11 -13 -4

re-exports 8.96 - - - - 0 12 -11 5

Russian Federation b 7.26 - - 1.2 1.1 5 24 2 0

Mexico a 5.64 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.9 6 19 1 3

Saudi Arabia 5.28 0.1 0.8 0.7 0.8 0 25 24 2

India c 4.78 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.8 13 29 1 ...

Malaysia a 4.42 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.7 11 38 1 17

Above 15 600.59 87.3 91.2 90.8 91.0 - - - -

Importers

European Union (15) 295.64 46.4 50.6 41.7 43.5 2 4 4 13

Extra-imports 76.67 11.6 12.0 10.9 11.3 3 5 5 10

United States 88.33 6.2 7.7 12.5 13.0 12 18 7 9

China a 39.04 2.0 2.2 5.0 5.7 12 26 6 22

Japan 25.50 4.1 5.0 4.3 3.8 2 14 -3 1

Canada d 21.60 2.2 2.5 3.3 3.2 9 9 2 5

Switzerland 18.18 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.7 3 2 18 12

Mexico a 17.64 1.5 1.2 2.7 2.6 18 ... 2 7

Korea, Republic of 14.89 1.3 2.4 2.2 2.2 1 19 -4 15

Taipei, Chinese 13.43 1.3 2.3 2.6 2.0 3 23 -22 11

Hong Kong, China 12.02 - - - - -1 16 -14 4

retained imports 3.05 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.4 -5 28 -22 3

Brazil 10.10 2.4 1.1 1.7 1.5 5 9 2 -6

Poland 8.18 1.0 0.3 1.1 1.2 10 5 6 12

Australia d 7.90 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 5 7 -8 7

Turkey 7.80 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.1 7 17 -15 25

Singapore 7.27 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.1 -1 16 -12 7

retained imports 4.18 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.6 -2 17 -15 13

Above 15 578.55 74.5 82.5 83.9 85.1 - - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones.b Includes Secretariat estimates.c 2001 instead of 2002.d Imports are valued f.o.b.

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4.3 Office machines and telecom equipment

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Chart IV.9

Regional shares in world trade in office machinesand telecom equipment, 2002(Percentage)

Table IV.40

World trade in office machines and telecom equipment, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 838

Annual percentage change

1980-85 9

1985-90 18

1990-95 15

1995-00 10

2000 22

2001 -13

2002 0

Share in world merchandise trade 13.4

Share in world exports of manufactures 17.8

Table IV.42

Share of office machines and telecom equipment in tradein total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share in total merchandise

World 13.4 13.4North America 12.6 13.5Latin America 10.3 11.1Western Europe 9.0 11.1C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 5.0 7.9Africa 0.6 5.8Middle East 2.1 7.0Asia 26.1 20.5

Australia, Japan and New Zealand 16.7 14.2Other Asia 30.2 22.9

Share in manufactures

World 17.8 17.8North America 16.4 17.0Latin America 17.4 14.6Western Europe 11.1 14.7C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 8.8 10.5Africa 2.5 8.2Middle East 8.9 9.0Asia 31.2 28.9

Australia, Japan and New Zealand 20.4 22.5Other Asia 35.8 30.9

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Table IV.41

Major regional flows in world exports of office machines and telecom equipment, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Intra-Asia 211.3 10 -14 14

Intra-Western Europe 169.5 10 -7 -5

Asia to North America 108.4 5 -21 4

Asia to Western Europe 76.0 8 -16 1

North America to Asia 47.4 9 -20 -7

Latin America to North America 32.4 24 0 -6

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Table IV.43

Exports of office machines and telecom equipment by principal region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

World 838.1 - - 100.0 100.0 10 -13 0

Asia

World 422.1 100.0 100.0 51.1 50.4 8 -15 10

Asia 211.3 43.3 50.1 22.2 25.2 10 -14 14

North America 108.4 32.9 25.7 16.8 12.9 5 -21 4

Western Europe 76.0 19.3 18.0 9.8 9.1 8 -16 1

Latin America 6.9 2.1 1.6 1.1 0.8 5 -13 -4

Middle East 4.2 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 3 13 6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 4.1 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.5 -3 24 38

Africa 1.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0 1 7

Japan

World 81.2 100.0 100.0 17.6 9.7 0 -23 -2

Asia 41.2 40.4 50.7 7.1 4.9 2 -22 11

North America 21.6 35.1 26.6 6.2 2.6 -2 -27 -14

Western Europe 16.2 20.8 19.9 3.7 1.9 1 -23 -9

All other regions 2.2 3.6 2.7 0.6 0.3 -4 -19 -14

Other Economies in Asia

World 340.9 100.0 100.0 33.5 40.7 11 -13 13

Asia 170.1 44.9 49.9 15.0 20.3 13 -12 15

North America 86.8 31.8 25.5 10.6 10.4 9 -19 10

Western Europe 59.9 18.4 17.6 6.2 7.1 12 -13 5

All other regions 14.7 4.9 4.3 1.6 1.8 5 5 12

Western Europe

World 238.9 100.0 100.0 27.8 28.5 10 -7 -7

Western Europe 169.5 71.2 71.0 19.8 20.2 10 -7 -5

Asia 23.8 11.6 10.0 3.2 2.8 10 -8 -16

North America 16.1 7.8 6.7 2.2 1.9 8 -13 -3

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 15.4 3.5 6.5 1.0 1.8 19 6 2

Middle East 5.7 1.6 2.4 0.4 0.7 13 16 -2

Africa 5.0 1.9 2.1 0.5 0.6 11 -8 -3

Latin America 2.2 1.4 0.9 0.4 0.3 13 -9 -45

North America

World 119.0 100.0 100.0 18.1 14.2 10 -20 -15

Asia 47.4 38.8 39.8 7.0 5.7 9 -20 -7

Latin America 23.7 11.7 19.9 2.1 2.8 19 -12 -12

Western Europe 22.7 23.9 19.1 4.3 2.7 6 -15 -23

North America 22.2 22.7 18.6 4.1 2.6 10 -30 -21

All other regions 3.1 2.8 2.6 0.5 0.4 5 -8 -17

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Table IV.44

Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Canada a United States

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 20382 100.0 -23 -13 World 173177 100.0 -20 0

North America 8245 40.5 -26 -20 Asia 125344 72.4 -22 5

Asia 7971 39.1 -23 0 Latin America 26671 15.4 1 -9

Latin America 1920 9.4 -5 1 Western Europe 12470 7.2 -14 1

Western Europe 1054 5.2 -47 -6 North America 6481 3.7 -41 -30

Middle East 69 0.3 12 -19 Middle East 1155 0.7 -28 -22

C./E. Europe/ C./E. Europe/

Baltic States/CIS 52 0.3 20 -22 Baltic States/CIS 928 0.5 -27 -18

Africa 6 0.0 -48 -50 Africa 128 0.1 -39 21

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 8245 40.5 -26 -20 China 31262 18.1 -1 40

China 1955 9.6 10 38 Mexico 24707 14.3 2 -11

Mexico 1822 8.9 -5 0 Japan 21586 12.5 -32 -14

Japan 1686 8.3 -29 -16 Malaysia 19237 11.1 -14 10

Taipei, Chinese 1048 5.1 -21 -12 Korea, Republic of 14699 8.5 -29 2

Above 5 14756 72.4 -22 -12 Above 5 111491 64.4 -16 4

European Union (15) 1002 4.9 -47 -7 Taipei, Chinese 14229 8.2 -22 -4

Malaysia 924 4.5 -32 9 European Union (15) 11890 6.9 -14 3

Korea, Republic of 868 4.3 -24 -4 Singapore 9812 5.7 -27 -7

Singapore 452 2.2 -25 -16 Canada 6481 3.7 -41 -30

Philippines 445 2.2 -43 17 Philippines 6233 3.6 -27 -2

Thailand 353 1.7 -9 -6 Thailand 4962 2.9 -22 9

Hong Kong, China 108 0.5 -47 -22 Indonesia 1820 1.1 -1 -12

Indonesia 106 0.5 11 -1 Brazil 1318 0.8 66 7

Israel 68 0.3 12 -19 Hong Kong, China 1263 0.7 -36 8

Brazil 55 0.3 -11 -11 Israel 1150 0.7 -28 -22

Costa Rica 36 0.2 -40 300 Hungary 708 0.4 -31 -26

Hungary 26 0.1 8 -40 Costa Rica 579 0.3 -57 28

Norway 23 0.1 -12 53 Malta 246 0.1 -23 -15

Switzerland 23 0.1 -29 -4 Switzerland 177 0.1 -14 -48

Australia 14 0.1 -24 -36 Norway 150 0.1 4 -3

Above 20 19259 94.5 - - Above 20 172509 99.6 - -

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Table IV.44 (continued)

Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (15) Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 277794 100.0 -9 -6 World 49296 100.0 -14 -6

Western Europe 158348 57.0 -7 -5 Asia 36051 73.1 -11 0

Asia 80413 28.9 -13 5 North America 9339 18.9 -19 -21

North America 23577 8.5 -15 -24 Western Europe 3001 6.1 -19 -22

C./E. Europe/ Latin America 642 1.3 -9 -3

Baltic States/CIS 10673 3.8 13 12 C./E. Europe/

Middle East 1361 0.5 -13 -20 Baltic States/CIS 155 0.3 -13 -24

Latin America 2497 0.9 -31 48 Middle East 95 0.2 -9 -21

Africa 471 0.2 1 -7 Africa 8 0.0 -57 33

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (15) 154799 55.7 -7 -6 China 10949 22.2 27 35

United States 22235 8.0 -14 -24 United States 9027 18.3 -19 -21

China 18588 6.7 13 23 Taipei, Chinese 6541 13.3 -27 -5

Japan 15658 5.6 -21 -12 Korea, Republic of 5048 10.2 -20 -2

Taipei, Chinese 11087 4.0 -8 -4 Malaysia 3994 8.1 -17 -25

Above 5 222367 80.0 -8 -6 Above 5 35559 72.1 -14 -4

Korea, Republic of 7943 2.9 -24 9 Philippines 3466 7.0 -10 -2

Malaysia 7618 2.7 -13 5 European Union (15) 2964 6.0 -19 -21

Singapore 7533 2.7 -25 5 Singapore 2508 5.1 -19 -18

Hungary 5174 1.9 7 1 Thailand 2289 4.6 -8 0

Philippines 4988 1.8 -6 31 Indonesia 804 1.6 19 -20

Czech Republic 2808 1.0 102 57 Mexico 499 1.0 -1 0

Thailand 2744 1.0 -12 0 Hong Kong, China 368 0.7 -22 -13

Hong Kong, China 2469 0.9 -21 5 Canada 312 0.6 4 -28

Turkey 1369 0.5 4 52 Hungary 134 0.3 -16 -26

Canada 1342 0.5 -28 -31 Costa Rica 102 0.2 -13 -23

Poland 1313 0.5 17 24 Israel 95 0.2 -9 -19

Indonesia 1294 0.5 -4 14 Viet Nam 50 0.1 -18 117

Switzerland 1196 0.4 -15 -14 Brazil 39 0.1 -64 63

Costa Rica 1186 0.4 -88 718 Australia 23 0.0 -56 -4

Mexico 1089 0.4 19 -16 Switzerland 20 0.0 -22 -72

Above 20 272433 98.1 - - Above 20 49232 99.9 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table IV.45

Leading exporters and importers of office machines and telecom equipment, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

European Union (15) 233.54 35.9 31.1 28.0 27.9 10 16 -7 -7

Extra-exports 78.75 12.4 9.1 9.7 9.4 11 22 -7 -9

United States 109.14 19.5 17.3 16.0 13.0 9 22 -17 -14

Japan 81.24 21.1 22.4 11.3 9.7 0 18 -23 -2

China a 75.52 0.1 1.0 4.5 9.0 25 44 20 45

Singapore 62.90 3.2 6.4 7.7 7.5 4 22 -16 2

domestic exports 30.87 2.5 4.9 4.3 3.7 1 8 -23 -3

re-exports 32.02 0.7 1.5 3.4 3.8 10 47 -7 7

Hong Kong, China 59.30 - - - - 8 30 0 18

domestic exports 2.31 2.0 1.6 0.4 0.3 -8 11 -24 -24

re-exports 56.99 - - - - 10 32 2 21

Korea, Republic of 52.35 2.0 4.8 6.1 6.2 12 37 -25 18

Taipei, Chinese 50.00 3.2 4.7 6.0 6.0 12 30 -18 4

Malaysia a 46.88 1.4 2.7 5.5 5.6 10 18 -14 4

Mexico a 32.25 0.1 1.5 3.5 3.8 24 29 1 -6

Philippines a 22.72 0.8 0.6 2.6 2.7 27 5 -17 10

Thailand 16.95 0.0 1.2 1.9 2.0 10 23 -13 5

Canada 9.78 2.0 1.9 2.1 1.2 12 47 -38 -24

Hungary a 8.25 0.5 0.2 0.7 1.0 68 31 -5 21

Indonesia 6.14 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.7 26 145 -18 3

Above 15 809.98 91.8 97.6 97.2 96.6 - - - -

Importers

European Union (15) 277.79 41.5 42.3 33.0 32.5 10 16 -9 -6

Extra-imports 123.00 20.1 21.9 15.1 14.4 11 22 -12 -6

United States 173.17 15.9 21.1 21.9 20.2 9 22 -20 0

China a 66.41 0.6 1.3 4.5 7.8 25 46 12 34

Hong Kong, China 64.70 - - - - 8 36 -3 13

retained imports 7.71 1.7 1.4 1.4 0.9 2 52 -22 -25

Japan 49.30 2.6 3.7 6.2 5.8 10 38 -14 -6

Singapore 44.44 2.6 4.5 5.5 5.2 4 28 -18 1

retained imports 12.41 1.9 2.9 2.2 1.5 -2 7 -35 -13

Mexico a 32.18 0.9 1.5 3.0 3.8 26 ... 10 -2

Taipei, Chinese 31.77 1.4 2.5 3.9 3.7 16 33 -25 9

Korea, Republic of 28.48 1.3 2.6 3.5 3.3 16 38 -23 8

Malaysia a, b 27.64 1.6 1.9 3.3 3.2 8 28 -15 ...

Canada c 20.38 4.1 3.5 3.1 2.4 9 22 -23 -13

Thailand 13.28 0.2 1.1 1.4 1.6 6 44 -5 -1

Philippines a 12.72 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.5 12 -5 -6 13

Australia c 8.63 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.0 6 17 -23 4

Hungary a 7.07 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.8 43 36 6 11

Above 15 800.99 77.2 89.8 93.7 93.6 - - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones.

b 2001 instead of 2002.

c Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table IV.46

Exports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise exports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

World 298550 I 604130 I 960510 837720 838050 12.0 13.4

Australia 738 1882 1781 1672 1414 3.5 2.2Brazil 692 749 2376 2397 ... 1.6 4.1Canada 5622 11544 20631 12843 9779 6.0 3.9China b 3126 14506 43498 52263 75522 9.7 23.2Costa Rica b 0 I ... 1688 870 983 ... 18.7Czech Republic b - 481 I 1282 2529 4049 2.3 10.5Egypt 2 1 0 4 ... 0.0 0.1European Union (15) 92894 I 163917 268891 250462 233544 7.9 9.5

Intra-exports 65803 I 109032 175621 164159 154799 8.2 10.3Extra-exports 27091 54885 93270 86303 78745 7.3 8.4

Hong Kong, China 12886 34051 50066 50158 59298 19.6 29.5domestic exports 4772 5935 3997 3020 2309 19.8 12.6re-exports 8114 28116 46069 47138 56988 19.5 31.2

Hungary b 505 537 I 7132 6799 8248 4.2 24.0

India 182 465 480 602 ... 1.5 1.4Indonesia 124 2281 7280 5937 6144 5.0 10.8Israel 1226 2369 6939 5953 4483 12.4 15.2Japan 67007 106611 108179 82759 81236 24.1 19.5Korea, Republic of 14339 33217 58686 44184 52354 26.6 32.2Lithuania - 115 181 217 320 4.3 5.8Malaysia b 8207 32721 52382 44869 46881 44.3 50.3Malta 472 1064 1556 1057 ... 55.6 54.0Mexico b 4535 11616 34042 34376 32249 14.6 20.1Morocco b 114 2 I 506 403 519 0.1 6.5

Norway 655 955 1142 1186 967 2.3 1.6Pakistan 4 1 6 4 9 0.0 0.1Philippines b 1835 7564 25138 20750 22724 43.2 62.7Poland 342 406 I 1272 1590 1977 1.8 4.8Romania 33 21 513 463 540 0.3 3.9Russian Federation c - ... 498 381 348 ... 0.3Singapore 19235 60322 73820 61766 62896 51.0 50.2

domestic exports 14685 40318 41523 31782 30871 58.0 46.2re-exports 4549 20004 32297 29984 32025 41.1 54.9

Slovak Republic - 109 I 365 453 488 1.3 3.4Slovenia - 139 168 205 219 1.7 2.3South Africa ... 211 I 409 440 400 0.8 1.3

Switzerland 1520 2257 2967 2604 1827 2.8 2.1Taipei, Chinese 14105 32568 58074 47850 49998 28.8 36.9Thailand 3520 11660 18681 16214 16949 20.7 24.6Turkey 259 255 1008 1048 1597 1.2 4.6United States 51658 97990 153399 126689 109144 16.8 15.7

a Or nearest year.b Includes significant exports from processing zones.c Includes Secretariat estimates.

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Table IV.47

Imports of office machines and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise imports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

Algeria 253 586 444 770 ... 5.7 7.9Argentina 305 1919 3568 2234 ... 9.5 11.0Australia b 4262 8123 10771 8302 8635 14.1 12.5Brazil 1514 5230 7900 7181 4919 9.7 9.9Canada b 10475 19815 30418 23381 20382 12.1 9.2Chile 456 1076 1681 1477 1328 6.8 7.8China c 4058 14352 44427 49565 66411 10.9 22.5Colombia 364 1343 1048 1207 1262 9.7 9.9Costa Rica c 84 I 170 977 1338 1543 4.2 21.5Croatia - 400 418 600 738 5.3 6.9

Czech Republic b, c - 1948 I 3085 3953 4950 7.8 12.1Ecuador 57 156 200 425 ... 3.8 7.9Egypt 226 368 687 606 ... 3.1 4.7European Union (15) 127230 I 198660 324601 295578 277794 9.7 11.4

Intra-imports d 61513 IExtra-imports 65717 89628 148980 131419 122995 12.6 13.2

Guatemala 61 158 419 400 452 4.8 7.4Hong Kong, China 12326 40214 59370 57466 64703 20.5 31.2

retained imports 4212 12098 13301 10328 7715 23.2 31.8Hungary c 670 1015 I 6034 6380 7066 6.6 18.8India 662 1199 2708 2818 ... 3.3 5.6Indonesia 892 1725 705 784 925 4.2 3.0Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... ... 530 961 ... ... 5.4

Israel 939 2556 4894 3713 3277 8.6 9.2Japan 11259 37678 60866 52581 49298 11.2 14.6Jordan 56 106 201 357 ... 2.9 7.4Kazakhstan - 185 261 384 398 4.9 6.1Korea, Republic of 7741 16467 34012 26328 28480 12.2 18.7Kuwait 128 341 450 460 ... 4.4 5.8Lebanon ... ... 254 353 ... ... 4.8Lithuania - 151 267 359 523 4.1 6.8Macao, China 64 113 104 182 230 5.5 9.1Malaysia c 5744 22164 32405 27641 ... 28.5 37.4

Malta 488 964 1422 866 ... 33.4 31.8Mexico c, e 4640 9563 I 29826 32832 32181 13.2 16.9Morocco c 306 240 I 1212 829 ... 2.8 7.5New Zealand 905 1515 1618 1311 ... 10.9 9.8Norway 1732 2968 3352 3236 3144 9.0 9.0Pakistan 236 308 372 391 477 2.7 4.2Panama 65 143 244 255 248 5.7 8.3Paraguay 320 585 224 183 ... 18.6 8.4Peru 100 687 656 685 611 9.1 8.1Philippines c 2044 6788 11982 11259 12720 24.0 36.1

Poland 784 1816 I 4559 4053 4538 6.3 8.2Romania 211 523 1258 1130 1303 5.1 7.3Russian Federation f - ... 3115 4232 5160 ... 8.5Saudi Arabia 811 1203 1242 1547 ... 4.3 5.0Singapore 13392 43769 54107 44184 44438 35.2 38.2

retained imports 8842 23765 21810 14200 12413 31.4 21.4Slovak Republic b - 565 I 746 930 1084 6.4 6.6Slovenia - 449 556 522 595 4.7 5.4South Africa b ... 2693 I 3364 2967 2918 10.1 11.6Switzerland 4797 6521 8206 7152 6512 8.1 7.8Taipei, Chinese 7438 18766 38720 29048 31768 18.1 28.2

Thailand 3421 10368 14055 13398 13283 14.6 20.5Tunisia 149 256 318 375 375 3.2 3.9Turkey 1234 1677 5522 2765 3245 4.7 6.5United Arab Emirates f 698 2036 3242 3989 ... 9.7 13.3United States 63365 139927 215544 172835 173175 18.2 14.4Venezuela b 367 682 1189 1201 ... 6.3 7.3Zimbabwe b 59 131 ... ... ... 4.9 5.8

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Includes significant imports into processing zones.d See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.e Beginning with 2000 imports are valued c.i.f.f Includes Secretariat estimates.

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4.4 Automotive products

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Chart IV.10

Regional shares in world trade in automotive products,2002(Percentage)

Table IV.48

World trade in automotive products, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 621

Annual percentage change

1980-85 5

1985-90 14

1990-95 7

1995-00 5

2000 4

2001 -1

2002 9

Share in world merchandise trade 9.9

Share in world exports of manufactures 13.2

Table IV.50

Share of automotive products in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of automotive products in total merchandise

World 9.9 9.9North America 13.1 16.6Latin America 10.7 9.4Western Europe 11.7 10.5C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 7.4 9.2Africa 1.6 8.5Middle East 0.7 10.7Asia 7.6 3.3

Australia, Japan and New Zealand 19.1 5.3Other Asia 2.5 2.5

Share of automotive products in manufactures

World 13.2 13.2North America 17.0 20.8Latin America 18.0 12.4Western Europe 14.4 13.9C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 12.9 12.3Africa 6.5 11.9Middle East 3.1 13.7Asia 9.1 4.6

Australia, Japan and New Zealand 23.3 8.4Other Asia 2.9 3.4

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Table IV.49

Major regional flows in world exports of automotive products, 2002(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Intra-Western Europe 219.5 3 0 8

Intra-North America 93.0 7 -10 6

Asia to North America 60.9 7 -3 14

Western Europe to North America 36.0 10 5 24

Latin America to North America 31.2 17 0 2

Intra-Asia 23.8 -2 -10 21

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Table IV.51

Exports of automotive products by principal region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

World 620.9 - - 100.0 100.0 5 -1 9

Western Europe

World 309.7 100.0 100.0 52.3 49.9 3 2 10

Western Europe 219.5 75.4 70.9 39.4 35.4 3 0 8

North America 36.0 7.1 11.6 3.7 5.8 10 5 24

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 20.4 3.2 6.6 1.7 3.3 13 18 21

Asia 15.1 7.3 4.9 3.8 2.4 -6 8 13

Africa 6.9 2.2 2.2 1.1 1.1 1 22 6

Latin America 5.9 2.6 1.9 1.4 1.0 -1 7 -3

Middle East 5.6 1.4 1.8 0.7 0.9 5 21 9

North America

World 123.5 100.0 100.0 21.1 19.9 6 -7 4

North America 93.0 73.6 75.3 15.6 15.0 7 -10 6

Latin America 14.4 8.8 11.7 1.9 2.3 13 -3 -7

Western Europe 8.3 5.9 6.7 1.3 1.3 4 14 7

Asia 5.1 8.7 4.1 1.8 0.8 -8 -17 9

All other regions 2.7 2.9 2.2 0.6 0.4 -5 27 1

Asia

World 122.8 100.0 100.0 21.0 19.8 4 -6 14

North America 60.9 41.3 49.6 8.7 9.8 7 -3 14

Asia 23.8 25.4 19.4 5.3 3.8 -2 -10 21

Western Europe 19.1 18.7 15.5 3.9 3.1 2 -16 13

Middle East 8.7 4.6 7.1 1.0 1.4 9 16 10

Latin America 5.1 5.3 4.1 1.1 0.8 2 -6 -3

Africa 2.9 3.6 2.3 0.8 0.5 -4 -13 16

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.2 6 -14 21

Japan

World 92.5 100.0 100.0 17.7 14.9 2 -9 15

North America 49.9 45.3 54.0 8.0 8.0 5 -7 14

Asia 16.4 24.1 17.7 4.3 2.6 -5 -12 23

Western Europe 13.8 18.1 14.9 3.2 2.2 0 -19 16

Middle East 6.0 4.1 6.5 0.7 1.0 6 16 14

Latin America 3.6 4.6 3.9 0.8 0.6 1 -6 -1

Africa 1.9 3.3 2.1 0.6 0.3 -7 -17 23

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 0.8 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.1 11 -13 30

Latin America

World 37.6 100.0 100.0 4.3 6.1 15 1 -3

North America 31.2 70.8 83.1 3.0 5.0 17 0 2

Latin America 4.1 23.1 11.0 1.0 0.7 5 2 -31

Western Europe 1.5 4.4 3.9 0.2 0.2 15 -9 -7

All other regions 0.8 1.6 2.1 0.1 0.1 2 87 25

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Table IV.52

Imports of automotive products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 46656 100.0 -9 11 World 176627 100.0 -3 7

North America 36822 78.9 -11 10 North America 54354 30.8 -10 3

Asia 5113 11.0 0 22 Asia 57508 32.6 -1 10

Latin America 2606 5.6 -2 -1 Western Europe 33673 19.1 2 14

Western Europe 1919 4.1 -5 19 Latin America 30141 17.1 1 2

All other regions 33 0.1 -5 83 All other regions 951 0.5 60 1

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 36822 78.9 -11 10 Canada 54354 30.8 -10 3

Japan 4016 8.6 -6 22 Japan 46553 26.4 -5 10

Mexico 2422 5.2 -5 -2 European Union (15) 33468 18.9 2 14

European Union (15) 1899 4.1 -5 19 Mexico 28568 16.2 0 1

Korea, Republic of 874 1.9 38 23 Korea, Republic of 7719 4.4 28 9

Brazil 177 0.4 63 4 Brazil 1287 0.7 58 24

Taipei, Chinese 99 0.2 13 15 Taipei, Chinese 1121 0.6 4 19

China 79 0.2 -3 36 China 1022 0.6 23 37

Switzerland 17 0.0 -22 21 Australia 504 0.3 1 10

Australia 13 0.0 -14 8 Hungary 458 0.3 37 -4

Above 10 46418 99.5 - - Above 10 175055 99.1 - -

Region Region

World 252670 100.0 1 8 World 21264 100.0 -6 ...

Western Europe 206688 81.8 1 7 North America 15636 73.5 -11 ...

Asia 18904 7.5 -12 9 Western Europe 2911 13.7 23 ...

C./E. Europe/ Latin America 1545 7.3 22 ...

Baltic States/CIS 17393 6.9 13 17 Asia 1149 5.4 -2 ...

North America 6845 2.7 12 10 All other regions 15 0.1 86 ...

Latin America 1423 0.6 0 -17

All other regions 1373 0.5 19 25

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (15) 201724 79.8 1 7 United States 14017 65.9 -13 ...

Japan 13835 5.5 -15 10 European Union (15) 2876 13.5 23 ...

United States 6581 2.6 13 10 Canada 1618 7.6 8 ...

Hungary 5240 2.1 14 5 Brazil 1161 5.5 25 ...

Czech Republic 4729 1.9 9 12 Japan 887 4.2 -12 ...

Poland 4248 1.7 12 14 Argentina 270 1.3 68 ...

Korea, Republic of 3198 1.3 -10 7 Korea, Republic of 151 0.7 112 ...

Slovak Republic 2822 1.1 16 67 Chile 106 0.5 -20 ...

Turkey 2118 0.8 51 25 Taipei, Chinese 62 0.3 27 ...

Slovenia 1235 0.5 2 22 China 23 0.1 86 ...

Above 10 245730 97.3 - - Above 10 21171 99.6 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

b 2002 imports are valued f.o.b.

Canada a United States

Mexico bEuropean Union (15)

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Table IV.53

Leading exporters and importers of automotive products, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

European Union (15) 303.30 52.8 53.8 46.8 48.8 3 -1 2 10

Extra-exports 101.57 19.5 14.3 14.5 16.4 4 9 5 16

Japan 92.51 19.8 20.8 15.3 14.9 2 6 -9 15

United States 67.09 11.9 10.2 11.7 10.8 5 7 -6 6

Canada 56.33 6.9 8.9 10.5 9.1 7 0 -9 2

Mexico a 30.91 0.3 1.5 5.3 5.0 17 18 0 1

Korea, Republic of 17.30 0.1 0.7 2.6 2.8 11 17 2 12

Czech Republic a 6.40 - - 0.8 1.0 25 13 19 16

Hungary a 5.98 0.6 0.2 0.8 1.0 49 1 12 12

Poland 5.19 0.6 0.1 0.7 0.8 32 80 6 23

Brazil 4.98 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.8 10 21 3 3

Turkey 3.16 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.5 19 5 54 35

Thailand 2.88 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.5 38 37 11 8

Slovak Republic 2.81 - - 0.4 0.5 47 30 -5 23

China a 2.68 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 21 52 20 42

South Africa 2.40 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 19 10 -13 62

Above 15 603.92 94.4 97.1 97.0 97.3 - - - -

Importers

European Union (15) 252.67 37.5 47.0 39.3 40.0 4 -5 1 8

Extra-imports 50.95 5.3 7.3 7.6 8.1 10 -3 2 12

United States 176.63 20.3 24.7 28.9 28.0 10 9 -3 7

Canada b 46.66 8.7 7.7 7.9 7.4 7 2 -9 11

Mexico a 20.55 1.8 1.6 3.8 3.3 38 ... -6 -2

Japan 9.89 0.5 2.3 1.7 1.6 -4 16 -7 7

Australia b 8.54 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.4 7 10 -15 18

China a 6.96 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.1 8 50 29 42

Switzerland 6.45 1.8 1.9 1.1 1.0 0 -3 3 -1

Saudi Arabia c 5.19 2.7 0.9 0.6 0.9 12 48 36 ...

Poland 5.06 0.9 0.1 0.7 0.8 21 -10 7 8

Russian Federation d 4.70 - - 0.4 0.7 - 26 57 19

Czech Republic a, b 3.79 - - 0.4 0.6 12 12 23 19

United Arab Emirates c, d 3.24 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 7 12 16 ...

Brazil 3.13 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.5 -6 5 -1 -27

Hungary a 3.10 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.5 22 -2 2 22

Above 15 556.56 77.0 88.6 88.6 88.3 - - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones.

b Imports are valued f.o.b.

c 2001 instead of 2002.

d Includes Secretariat estimates.

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Table IV.54

Exports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise exports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

World 318960 I 456430 I 576670 569480 620920 9.1 9.9

Argentina 200 1374 2105 2061 ... 6.6 7.7Australia 719 1053 2151 2287 2348 2.0 3.6Belarus - ... 740 745 836 ... 10.3Brazil 2034 2955 4682 4819 4979 6.4 8.2Canada 28442 43064 60656 54971 56328 22.4 22.3China b ... 621 1581 1892 2677 0.4 0.8Colombia 6 83 226 433 338 0.8 2.8Cyprus 29 14 94 124 167 1.1 19.8Czech Republic b - 1509 I 4658 5521 6403 7.1 16.7European Union (15) 171579 I 235523 270109 275787 303297 11.3 12.4

Intra-exports 125828 I 166326 186740 188227 201724 12.5 13.4Extra-exports 45751 69197 83369 87560 101573 9.2 10.8

Hong Kong, China 354 1147 764 920 1265 0.7 0.6domestic exports 27 10 23 14 9 0.0 0.1re-exports 328 1137 741 906 1256 0.8 0.7

Hungary b 648 659 I 4765 5323 5983 5.1 17.4India 198 568 640 580 ... 1.8 1.3Indonesia 22 130 369 384 453 0.3 0.8Japan 66230 80680 88082 80320 92514 18.2 22.2Jordan 19 72 62 143 ... 4.1 6.2Korea, Republic of 2301 9166 15194 15428 17300 7.3 10.6Lithuania - 91 126 282 564 3.4 10.1Malaysia b 121 279 307 254 ... 0.4 0.3Mexico b 4708 14258 30655 30677 30909 17.9 19.2

Morocco b 28 23 I 24 58 ... 0.5 0.8Norway 305 469 459 494 575 1.1 0.9Oman 119 459 605 579 ... 7.6 5.2Pakistan 3 2 7 10 10 0.0 0.1Philippines b 23 218 583 634 774 1.2 2.1Poland 374 996 I 3976 4228 5192 4.4 12.7Romania 354 153 195 236 338 1.9 2.4Russian Federation c - ... 1423 1320 1644 ... 1.5Singapore 348 886 678 649 772 0.7 0.6

domestic exports 82 106 90 91 113 0.2 0.2re-exports 266 780 588 558 659 1.6 1.1

Slovak Republic - 344 I 2397 2273 2805 4.0 19.5

Slovenia - 970 1075 1083 1312 11.7 13.9South Africa ... 730 I 1708 1485 2402 2.6 8.1Switzerland 591 716 788 896 1043 0.9 1.2Taipei, Chinese 829 1674 2226 2173 2305 1.5 1.7Thailand 108 486 2401 2658 2878 0.9 4.2Turkey 153 642 1517 2336 3160 3.0 9.1Ukraine c - ... 145 167 154 ... 0.9United States 32547 52505 67195 63421 67089 9.0 9.7Venezuela 73 441 223 213 ... 2.3 0.8

a Or nearest year.b Includes significant exports from processing zones.c Includes Secretariat estimates.

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Table IV.55

Imports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise imports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

Algeria 658 477 615 650 ... 4.7 6.7Argentina 183 2309 2834 1968 ... 11.5 9.7Australia b 3794 6173 8550 7255 8540 10.8 12.4Brazil 532 5968 4314 4265 3134 11.1 6.3Canada b 24640 33471 46276 41985 46656 20.4 21.0Chile 579 1780 1507 1337 1348 11.2 7.9China c ... 2609 3798 4912 6960 2.0 2.4Colombia 416 1111 590 725 897 8.0 7.0Croatia - 422 831 907 1083 5.6 10.1Cyprus 281 355 406 432 496 9.6 12.1

Czech Republic b, c - 1461 I 2579 3179 3793 5.8 9.3Ecuador 157 693 184 612 ... 16.7 11.4Egypt 416 634 409 356 ... 5.4 2.8European Union (15) 150825 I 194029 231410 233638 252670 9.5 10.3

Intra-imports d 127496 IExtra-imports 23329 27703 44670 45411 50946 3.9 5.5

Guatemala 117 453 481 551 611 13.8 10.0Hong Kong, China 994 4394 2195 2324 2300 2.2 1.1

retained imports 666 3257 1455 1418 1045 6.2 4.3Hungary c 715 931 I 2481 2543 3102 6.0 8.2India 260 458 370 368 ... 1.3 0.7Indonesia 1523 3139 1870 1607 1464 7.7 4.7Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... ... 770 1183 ... ... 6.6

Israel 871 2304 2298 2134 1864 7.8 5.2Japan 7315 11930 9957 9239 9891 3.6 2.9Jordan 108 297 519 436 ... 8.0 9.0Kazakhstan - 205 434 670 694 5.4 10.7Korea, Republic of 929 2218 1773 1771 2537 1.6 1.7Kuwait 453 1003 1305 1630 ... 12.9 20.7Lebanon ... ... 535 610 ... ... 8.4Lithuania - 226 339 577 841 6.2 10.9Malaysia c 1312 2785 1833 1811 ... 3.6 2.5Mexico c, e 5268 4400 I 22247 20962 20546 6.1 10.8

Morocco c 317 314 I 471 511 591 3.7 5.1New Zealand 1012 1642 1480 1526 2018 11.8 13.4Norway 1419 2433 2597 2597 2930 7.4 8.4Oman 429 768 1109 1030 ... 18.1 17.8Pakistan 390 389 324 253 369 3.4 3.3Peru 176 866 510 455 385 11.4 5.1Philippines c 537 1569 974 937 973 5.5 2.8Poland 391 1693 I 4365 4691 5061 5.8 9.2Qatar 202 ... ... 429 ... ... 11.4Romania 409 312 427 644 824 3.0 4.6

Russian Federation f - ... 2507 3946 4698 ... 7.8Saudi Arabia 2839 2138 3815 5189 ... 7.6 16.6Singapore 1418 2519 2417 2144 1997 2.0 1.7

retained imports 1152 1739 1829 1586 1338 2.3 2.3Slovak Republic b - 447 I 1412 1759 2193 5.1 13.3Slovenia - 1326 1214 1202 1311 14.0 12.0South Africa b ... 3061 I 2401 2766 2503 11.4 10.0Switzerland 6048 6467 6347 6541 6448 8.1 7.7Taipei, Chinese 2565 4495 2675 1915 2129 4.3 1.9Thailand 2651 5184 2084 2172 2423 7.3 3.7Tunisia 306 462 595 657 652 5.8 6.8

Turkey 1177 1730 5831 2126 2793 4.8 5.6Ukraine f - ... 462 617 922 ... 5.4United Arab Emirates f 964 1977 2793 3239 ... 9.4 10.8United States 79320 108016 170195 165157 176628 14.0 14.7Venezuela b 426 1076 1451 2279 ... 10.0 13.9Zimbabwe b 129 321 ... ... ... 12.1 8.5

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Includes significant imports into processing zones.d See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.e Beginning with 2000 imports are valued c.i.f.f Includes Secretariat estimates.

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4.5 Textiles

Table IV.56

World trade in textiles, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 152

Annual percentage change

1980-85 -1

1985-90 15

1990-95 8

1995-00 0

2000 5

2001 -5

2002 4

Share in world merchandise trade 2.4

Share in world exports of manufactures 3.2

Table IV.58

Share of textiles in trade in total merchandise and inmanufactures by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of textiles in total merchandise

World 2.4 2.4North America 1.4 1.5Latin America 1.2 3.5Western Europe 2.2 2.0C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1.8 4.2Africa 1.0 5.5Middle East 0.8 4.0Asia 4.2 3.1

Australia, Japan and New Zealand 1.3 1.6Other Asia 5.4 3.7

Share of textiles in manufactures

World 3.2 3.2North America 1.8 1.8Latin America 2.0 4.6Western Europe 2.7 2.6C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 3.1 5.6Africa 4.1 7.8Middle East 3.4 5.1Asia 5.0 4.4

Australia, Japan and New Zealand 1.6 2.5Other Asia 6.5 5.0

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Chart IV.11

Regional shares in world trade in textiles, 2002

(Percentage)

Table IV.57

Major regional flows in world exports of textiles, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Intra-Asia 38.0 -1 -10 3

Intra-Western Europe 36.4 -4 -5 -1

Western Europe to

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 8.9 4 9 9

Asia to North America 8.3 8 -7 13

Asia to Western Europe 7.9 1 -9 1

North America to Latin America 5.7 20 2 7

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Table IV.59

Textile exports by principal region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

World 152.2 - - 100.0 100.0 0 -5 4

Asia

World 67.7 100.0 100.0 42.8 44.5 1 -8 6

Asia 38.0 64.9 56.2 27.7 25.0 -1 -10 3

North America 8.3 8.2 12.3 3.5 5.5 8 -7 13

Western Europe 7.9 12.5 11.7 5.4 5.2 1 -9 1

Middle East 5.0 6.5 7.4 2.8 3.3 1 -1 14

Latin America 3.3 3.4 4.9 1.4 2.2 11 -11 -1

Africa 3.2 3.3 4.7 1.4 2.1 6 10 2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1.3 1.2 1.9 0.5 0.8 6 7 16

Japan

World 6.0 100.0 100.0 4.7 4.0 0 -12 -3

Asia 4.7 73.4 77.2 3.5 3.1 0 -11 -2

Western Europe 0.5 10.1 8.9 0.5 0.4 -2 -16 -4

North America 0.5 8.1 8.1 0.4 0.3 1 -18 -4

Middle East 0.3 6.1 4.2 0.3 0.2 -9 -1 -4

All other regions 0.1 2.2 1.5 0.1 0.1 -7 -4 -15

Other Economies in Asia

World 61.7 100.0 100.0 38.0 40.5 2 -8 6

Asia 33.4 63.8 54.1 24.3 21.9 -1 -10 4

North America 7.8 8.2 12.7 3.1 5.1 9 -6 15

Western Europe 7.4 12.8 12.0 4.9 4.9 2 -8 1

Middle East 4.7 6.5 7.7 2.5 3.1 2 -1 16

Latin America 3.3 3.6 5.3 1.4 2.1 12 -11 -1

Africa 3.2 3.6 5.1 1.4 2.1 6 10 2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 1.3 1.3 2.0 0.5 0.8 6 8 16

Western Europe

World 58.5 100.0 100.0 44.7 38.4 -3 -2 1

Western Europe 36.4 70.9 62.3 31.7 23.9 -4 -5 -1

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 8.9 9.0 15.3 4.0 5.9 4 9 9

Asia 3.7 6.6 6.3 3.0 2.4 -4 1 3

Africa 3.6 5.0 6.2 2.2 2.4 0 6 2

North America 3.5 4.4 5.9 2.0 2.3 4 -6 3

Middle East 1.2 2.4 2.0 1.1 0.8 -6 1 -4

Latin America 0.7 1.0 1.3 0.4 0.5 4 -3 -4

North America

World 12.9 100.0 100.0 5.8 8.5 9 -4 2

Latin America 5.7 23.7 44.4 1.4 3.8 20 2 7

North America 4.6 36.9 35.3 2.1 3.0 8 -5 -1

Asia 1.3 15.5 9.8 0.9 0.8 -1 -13 10

Western Europe 1.1 17.6 8.5 1.0 0.7 -1 -15 -12

Middle East 0.1 4.0 1.0 0.2 0.1 -16 4 -15

All other regions 0.1 2.3 1.0 0.1 0.1 -7 3 -10

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Table IV.60

Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Canada a United States

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 3812 100.0 -8 0 World 16999 100.0 -4 10

North America 2322 60.9 -9 -4 Asia 8749 51.5 -3 14

Asia 887 23.3 -8 11 Western Europe 3279 19.3 -7 5

Western Europe 386 10.1 -4 1 North America 1957 11.5 0 1

Latin America 150 3.9 3 5 Latin America 2161 12.7 -4 13

Middle East 29 0.8 -11 21 Middle East 482 2.8 8 6

C./E. Europe/ Africa 171 1.0 6 -2

Baltic States/CIS 16 0.4 -12 7 C./E. Europe/

Africa 13 0.3 17 -7 Baltic States/CIS 200 1.2 -12 20

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 2322 60.9 -9 -4 China 2682 15.8 2 35European Union (15) 331 8.7 -4 -2 European Union (15) 2655 15.6 -7 3China 310 8.1 2 24 Canada 1957 11.5 0 1Korea, Republic of 134 3.5 -13 18 Mexico 1643 9.7 -4 8India 133 3.5 -3 19 India 1357 8.0 -6 20

Above 5 3230 84.7 -8 0 Above 5 10294 60.6 -3 13

Mexico 98 2.6 1 13 Pakistan 1161 6.8 8 10Pakistan 89 2.3 -16 6 Korea, Republic of 1051 6.2 -5 12Taipei, Chinese 72 1.9 -24 -9 Taipei, Chinese 787 4.6 -5 3Japan 41 1.1 -7 2 Turkey 528 3.1 -2 19Turkey 39 1.0 -3 22 Japan 492 2.9 -18 -4

Indonesia 33 0.9 -19 -13 Thailand 358 2.1 -4 2Thailand 25 0.7 -5 19 Brazil 290 1.7 -9 50Brazil 24 0.6 -4 -8 Israel 283 1.7 18 3Hong Kong, China 21 0.6 -16 0 Indonesia 196 1.2 -6 2Israel 15 0.4 40 7 Hong Kong, China 157 0.9 -10 -27

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 13 0.3 -31 44 Egypt 132 0.8 9 2Switzerland 11 0.3 0 10 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 128 0.8 -1 9Bangladesh 9 0.2 71 -25 Bangladesh 128 0.8 16 6Colombia 7 0.2 75 0 Philippines 97 0.6 -25 -3Egypt 7 0.2 17 0 Dominican Republic 80 0.5 74 31

Dominican Republic 6 0.2 -13 -14 Switzerland 78 0.5 -15 -5Malaysia 5 0.1 40 -29 Sri Lanka 78 0.5 -14 -26South Africa 5 0.1 20 -17 Malaysia 70 0.4 -27 6Czech Republic 5 0.1 0 -29 Colombia 38 0.2 -8 3Australia 4 0.1 -33 -33 Czech Republic 37 0.2 -20 16

Viet Nam 4 0.1 0 -20 Australia 36 0.2 20 -27Chile 4 0.1 0 0 South Africa 34 0.2 3 -3Norway 3 0.1 0 0 El Salvador 33 0.2 0 0Romania 3 0.1 -33 50 Nepal 32 0.2 -5 -18Uruguay 3 0.1 -25 0 Uzbekistan 27 0.2 30 4

Haiti 2 0.1 100 -50 Bahrain 25 0.1 0 32Nepal 2 0.1 0 0 Poland 23 0.1 0 28New Zealand 2 0.1 0 0 United Arab Emirates 21 0.1 -5 5Philippines 2 0.1 -33 0 Romania 21 0.1 36 11Poland 2 0.1 0 0 New Zealand 21 0.1 -18 17

Honduras 1 0.0 - 0 Saudi Arabia 19 0.1 -20 19Hungary 1 0.0 - - Cambodia 19 0.1 200 6Lithuania 1 0.0 - - Turkmenistan 18 0.1 67 260Peru 1 0.0 0 -50 Guatemala 15 0.1 0 7Russian Federation 1 0.0 0 0 Argentina 15 0.1 -43 275

Total of above 3791 99.4 - - Total of above 16822 99.0 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table IV.60 (continued)

Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (15) Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 46206 100.0 -4 -1 World 4535 100.0 -4 -5

Western Europe 32375 70.1 -5 -2 Asia 3514 77.5 -3 -4

Asia 7881 17.1 -4 1 Western Europe 664 14.6 -1 -8

C./E. Europe/ North America 282 6.2 -14 -8

Baltic States/CIS 3189 6.9 9 10 Latin America 28 0.6 -12 -7

North America 1118 2.4 -11 -16 Middle East 24 0.5 -30 -14

Africa 752 1.6 -3 4 C./E. Europe/

Middle East 594 1.3 -13 -5 Baltic States/CIS 13 0.3 -21 -13

Latin America 252 0.5 12 4 Africa 10 0.2 0 0

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (15) 28937 62.6 -6 -2 China 2155 47.5 5 1China 2108 4.6 0 15 European Union (15) 613 13.5 -3 -8Turkey 2022 4.4 6 1 Korea, Republic of 284 6.3 -22 -9India 1624 3.5 -1 -8 Indonesia 279 6.2 -6 -9Pakistan 1115 2.4 2 12 United States 274 6.0 -14 -8

Above 5 35806 77.5 -5 -1 Above 5 3605 79.5 -2 -3

United States 1058 2.3 -10 -16 Taipei, Chinese 212 4.7 -15 -11Switzerland 970 2.1 -6 -7 India 177 3.9 5 -3Czech Republic 947 2.0 12 7 Thailand 105 2.3 -8 -4Korea, Republic of 794 1.7 -7 -1 Viet Nam 84 1.9 -2 -9Poland 629 1.4 8 7 Pakistan 81 1.8 -28 -26

Japan 535 1.2 -13 -9 Malaysia 66 1.5 -8 -22Indonesia 509 1.1 -7 -3 Philippines 31 0.7 11 3Taipei, Chinese 434 0.9 -18 -7 Switzerland 25 0.6 4 -7Hungary 297 0.6 6 8 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 22 0.5 -28 -15Thailand 259 0.6 -15 -9 Turkey 19 0.4 25 -24

Slovak Republic 246 0.5 8 14 Brazil 14 0.3 -11 -13Egypt 242 0.5 -18 0 Hong Kong, China 13 0.3 33 -19Romania 235 0.5 27 26 Bangladesh 10 0.2 -23 0Slovenia 222 0.5 10 4 Peru 9 0.2 17 29Iran, Islamic Rep. of 219 0.5 -19 -13 Canada 8 0.2 0 0

Tunisia 216 0.5 29 11 Malta 7 0.2 - 75Israel 198 0.4 -10 6 Australia 6 0.1 -25 0Lithuania 155 0.3 -1 19 Egypt 6 0.1 -14 0Morocco 139 0.3 15 26 Macau, China 5 0.1 0 25Brazil 138 0.3 15 10 Mexico 4 0.1 -33 -33

Russian Federation 134 0.3 2 12 Uzbekistan 4 0.1 -33 -50Estonia 134 0.3 7 0 South Africa 3 0.1 100 50Bangladesh 129 0.3 6 3 Russian Federation 2 0.0 0 100Bulgaria 121 0.3 34 41 Sri Lanka 2 0.0 0 0Malaysia 104 0.2 1 -5 Czech Republic 2 0.0 - 100

Norway 102 0.2 -1 12 Hungary 1 0.0 - -Latvia 83 0.2 -14 11 Israel 1 0.0 -50 0Syrian Arab Republic 80 0.2 -3 4 Lithuania 1 0.0 0 0South Africa 78 0.2 -11 18 Myanmar 1 0.0 0 0Viet Nam 67 0.1 17 10 Nepal 1 0.0 0 0

Uzbekistan 65 0.1 16 2 New Zealand 1 0.0 -50 0Hong Kong, China 64 0.1 13 -16 Poland 1 0.0 - -Canada 60 0.1 -24 -15 Romania 1 0.0 0 0Croatia 60 0.1 0 3 Saudi Arabia 1 0.0 -50 0Bahrain 52 0.1 13 2 Singapore 1 0.0 -33 -50

Total of above 45581 98.6 - - Total of above 4532 99.9 - -

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Table IV.60 (continued)

Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

China Mexico b

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 13060 100.0 -2 4 World 5573 100.0 -3 ...

Asia 10502 80.4 -4 -1 North America 4367 78.4 -7 ...

Western Europe 501 3.8 25 15 Asia 739 13.3 -4 ...

North America 211 1.6 14 21 Western Europe 326 5.8 70 ...

Latin America 14 0.1 200 56 Latin America 122 2.2 0 ...

C./E. Europe/ Middle East 5 0.1 0 ...

Baltic States/CIS 8 0.1 -45 -27 C./E. Europe/

Africa 6 0.0 -20 50 Baltic States/CIS 5 0.1 50 ...

Middle East 5 0.0 0 0 Africa 2 0.0 0 ...

Suppliers Suppliers

Taipei, Chinese 3093 23.7 -7 7 United States 4257 76.4 -8 ...Japan 2560 19.6 -4 -6 European Union (15) 308 5.5 74 ...Korea, Republic of 2327 17.8 -5 -7 Korea, Republic of 218 3.9 -13 ...Hong Kong, China 1338 10.2 -3 4 China 213 3.8 9 ...European Union (15) 480 3.7 25 14 Taipei, Chinese 117 2.1 -14 ...

Above 5 9798 75.0 -4 0 Above 5 5113 91.7 -4 ...

Pakistan 474 3.6 16 0 Canada 110 2.0 30 ...Indonesia 224 1.7 5 4 Hong Kong, China 39 0.7 6 ...United States 204 1.6 14 21 Pakistan 38 0.7 43 ...India 169 1.3 1 -14 Indonesia 33 0.6 -6 ...Thailand 97 0.7 -3 7 Brazil 29 0.5 31 ...

Malaysia 65 0.5 -24 5 Colombia 28 0.5 -23 ...Macau, China 54 0.4 18 -8 Japan 24 0.4 31 ...Singapore 50 0.4 -35 79 India 23 0.4 16 ...Australia 20 0.2 -6 25 Chile 19 0.3 -10 ...Viet Nam 17 0.1 -25 42 Thailand 17 0.3 6 ...

Turkey 11 0.1 33 38 Turkey 14 0.3 22 ...Switzerland 8 0.1 17 14 Guatemala 12 0.2 43 ...Philippines 7 0.1 25 40 Argentina 11 0.2 133 ...Canada 7 0.1 25 40 Uruguay 10 0.2 0 ...Brazil 5 0.0 - 400 Malaysia 7 0.1 -11 ...

Mexico 4 0.0 500 -33 Switzerland 5 0.1 0 ...Mongolia 3 0.0 -13 -57 El Salvador 5 0.1 0 ...Russian Federation 3 0.0 -63 0 Israel 4 0.1 33 ...Bahrain 3 0.0 100 50 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 3 0.1 -25 ...Egypt 3 0.0 50 0 Bangladesh 3 0.1 20 ...

New Zealand 2 0.0 0 0 Aruba 2 0.0 - -Peru 2 0.0 0 100 Peru 2 0.0 0 ...South Africa 2 0.0 0 100 Poland 2 0.0 0 ...Argentina 1 0.0 - - Sri Lanka 2 0.0 -67 ...Israel 1 0.0 0 0 Bulgaria 2 0.0 - ...

Norway 1 0.0 0 0 Costa Rica 2 0.0 -33 ...Slovenia 1 0.0 - - Hungary 1 0.0 - -Sri Lanka 1 0.0 0 -50 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 1 0.0 0 ...Bangladesh 1 0.0 0 0 Philippines 1 0.0 100 ...Tajikistan 1 0.0 -60 -50 Singapore 1 0.0 67 ...

Belarus 1 0.0 -50 0 South Africa 1 0.0 - ...Czech Republic 1 0.0 - - Venezuela 1 0.0 0 ...

Viet Nam 1 0.0 0 ...Dominican Republic 1 0.0 - -Ecuador 1 0.0 50 ...

Total of above 11241 86.1 - - Total of above 5568 99.9 - -

b 2002 imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table IV.61

Leading exporters and importers of textiles, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

European Union (15) 52.05 49.4 48.7 34.3 34.2 -3 -4 -3 1

Extra-exports 23.12 15.0 14.5 14.1 15.2 0 1 2 4

China a 20.56 4.6 6.9 10.5 13.5 3 24 4 22

Hong Kong, China 12.37 - - - - -1 10 -9 1

domestic exports 0.98 1.7 2.1 0.8 0.6 -8 -4 -11 -7

re-exports 11.40 - - - - 0 11 -9 2

United States 10.70 6.8 4.8 7.1 7.0 8 15 -4 2

Korea, Republic of 10.59 4.0 5.8 8.2 7.0 1 9 -14 -3

Taipei, Chinese 9.53 3.2 5.9 7.7 6.3 0 9 -17 -4

Japan 6.03 9.3 5.6 4.6 4.0 0 6 -12 -3

India b 5.38 2.4 2.1 3.9 3.7 7 18 -10 ...

Pakistan 4.79 1.6 2.6 2.9 3.1 1 6 0 6

Turkey 4.24 0.6 1.4 2.4 2.8 8 6 7 8

Indonesia 2.90 0.1 1.2 2.3 1.9 5 16 -9 -10

Mexico a 2.21 0.2 0.7 1.7 1.5 15 12 -19 6

Canada 2.18 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.4 10 9 -2 1

Thailand 1.93 0.6 0.9 1.3 1.3 0 8 -4 2

Switzerland 1.42 2.8 2.5 1.0 0.9 -8 -7 -6 -2

Above 15 135.49 87.8 91.7 90.1 89.2 - - - -

Importers

European Union (15) 46.21 46.5 46.7 29.9 28.8 -3 -4 -4 -1

Extra-imports 17.27 14.0 13.2 10.7 10.8 1 2 -2 1

United States 17.00 4.5 6.2 9.8 10.6 9 12 -4 10

China a 13.06 1.9 4.9 7.9 8.1 3 16 -2 4

Hong Kong, China 12.02 - - - - -4 9 -11 -1

retained imports 0.62 3.7 3.8 0.9 0.4 -21 -4 -30 -39

Mexico a 6.37 0.2 0.9 3.8 4.0 29 ... -3 6

Japan 4.54 2.9 3.8 3.0 2.8 -4 9 -4 -5

Canada c 3.81 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.4 5 3 -8 0

Korea, Republic of 3.17 0.7 1.8 2.1 2.0 -3 12 -9 3

Turkey 2.84 0.1 0.5 1.3 1.8 3 11 -10 48

Poland 2.73 0.5 0.2 1.5 1.7 3 -3 6 4

Romania 2.37 ... 0.1 1.1 1.5 13 9 17 18

United Arab Emirates b, d 1.69 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 -2 7 -7 ...

Thailand 1.50 0.3 0.8 1.0 0.9 1 21 -6 -2

Russian Federation d 1.48 - - 0.8 0.9 13 23 15 3

Australia c 1.47 2.0 1.3 1.0 0.9 -2 -2 -20 13

Above 15 108.86 66.4 74.3 67.8 67.9 - - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones.

b 2001 instead of 2002.

c Imports are valued f.o.b.

d Includes Secretariat estimates.

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Table IV.62

Textile exports of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise exports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

World 104350 I 151620 I 154180 146980 152150 3.0 2.4

Argentina 158 292 257 222 ... 1.4 0.8Australia 152 383 347 292 282 0.7 0.4Bangladesh 343 432 373 469 ... 11.6 7.7Belarus - ... 410 397 407 ... 5.0Brazil 769 999 900 855 ... 2.1 1.5Bulgaria ... 173 120 117 125 3.2 2.2Canada 687 1377 2205 2163 2183 0.7 0.9Chile 33 85 116 116 ... 0.5 0.6China b 7219 13918 16135 16826 20563 9.4 6.3Colombia 133 278 268 264 205 2.8 1.7

Croatia - 124 87 85 82 2.7 1.7Czech Republic b - 1323 I 1217 1325 1368 6.2 3.6Egypt 554 570 323 290 ... 16.5 7.0European Union (15) 50795 I 62196 52955 51575 52052 3.0 2.1

Intra-exports 35672 I 40218 31282 29419 28937 3.0 1.9Extra-exports 15123 21978 21673 22156 23115 2.9 2.5

Hong Kong, China 8213 13815 13442 12214 12374 7.9 6.2domestic exports 2171 1814 1176 1050 976 6.1 5.3re-exports 6042 12001 12266 11164 11398 8.3 6.2

Hungary b 249 286 I 371 408 456 2.2 1.3India 2180 4358 5998 5375 ... 13.7 12.1Indonesia 1241 2713 3505 3202 2896 6.0 5.1Iran, Islamic Rep. of c 510 610 766 674 ... 3.3 2.8Israel 270 399 490 534 538 2.1 1.8

Japan 5859 7178 7023 6198 6030 1.6 1.4Korea, Republic of 6076 12313 12710 10941 10586 9.8 6.5Latvia - 119 105 118 131 9.1 5.7Lithuania - 163 212 207 227 6.0 4.1Macao, China 136 169 272 278 326 8.5 13.8Malaysia b 343 1129 1270 1056 ... 1.5 1.2Mexico b 713 1283 2571 2091 2212 1.6 1.4Morocco b 203 177 I 123 143 137 3.8 1.7Nepal 82 166 182 165 ... 48.1 22.4Pakistan 2663 4256 4532 4525 4790 53.0 48.3

Peru 221 172 128 115 103 3.1 1.3Philippines b 132 280 297 255 249 1.6 0.7Poland 284 512 I 816 796 908 2.2 2.2Romania 125 178 196 241 310 2.3 2.2Russian Federation c - 374 486 470 525 0.5 0.5Singapore 903 1496 907 730 738 1.3 0.6

domestic exports 141 263 293 250 313 0.4 0.5re-exports 762 1233 614 480 425 2.5 0.7

Slovak Republic - 375 I 319 341 388 4.4 2.7Slovenia - 322 286 330 355 3.9 3.7South Africa 167 238 I 240 233 248 0.9 0.8Sri Lanka 25 164 244 202 ... 4.3 4.2

Switzerland 2557 2267 1533 1443 1421 2.8 1.6Taipei, Chinese 6128 11882 11896 9904 9532 10.5 7.0Thailand 928 1937 1960 1888 1929 3.4 2.8Tunisia 112 165 154 199 232 3.0 3.4Turkey 1440 2527 3672 3943 4244 11.7 12.3United States 5039 7372 10961 10491 10698 1.3 1.5Uruguay 85 90 65 54 41 4.3 2.2

a Or nearest year.b Includes significant exports from processing zones.c Includes Secretariat estimates.

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Table IV.63

Textile imports of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise imports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

Argentina 53 428 656 526 ... 2.1 2.6Australia b 1442 1790 1635 1304 1474 3.1 2.1Bangladesh 452 1481 1383 1485 1156 22.8 14.6Brazil 252 1362 1112 982 852 2.5 1.7Bulgaria ... 299 505 600 671 5.3 8.5Canada b 2325 3204 4132 3814 3812 1.9 1.7Chile 203 479 431 383 355 3.0 2.1China c 5292 10914 12832 12573 13060 8.3 4.4Colombia 75 383 558 553 522 2.8 4.1Croatia - 210 249 355 370 2.8 3.5

Czech Republic b, c - 928 I 1205 1271 1427 3.7 3.5Egypt 211 280 221 198 ... 2.4 1.6El Salvador c 111 224 364 377 388 6.7 7.5European Union (15) 50370 I 57227 48741 46594 46206 2.8 1.9

Intra-imports d 36133 IExtra-imports 14237 17009 17459 17175 17269 2.4 1.9

Hong Kong, China 10182 16859 13717 12177 12019 8.6 5.8retained imports 4140 4858 1451 1014 621 9.3 2.6

Hungary c 270 888 I 1078 1073 1125 5.7 3.0India 240 345 575 691 ... 0.9 1.4Indonesia 785 1308 1251 1088 878 3.2 2.8Israel 474 820 759 680 642 2.8 1.8Japan 4106 5985 4939 4756 4536 1.8 1.3

Jordan 107 128 172 304 ... 3.5 6.3Korea, Republic of 1946 3959 3359 3067 3170 2.9 2.1Kuwait 168 262 220 230 ... 3.4 2.9Latvia - 62 132 147 158 3.4 3.9Lithuania - 189 363 384 475 5.2 6.1Macao, China 619 698 902 841 801 34.2 31.7Malaysia c 951 1535 1115 936 ... 2.0 1.3Mauritius 350 442 411 368 348 22.4 16.1Mexico c, e 992 1768 I 6219 6022 6365 2.4 3.3Morocco c 361 399 I 1364 1403 1395 4.7 12.0

Nepal 42 70 138 78 ... 5.3 5.3New Zealand 396 480 370 343 375 3.4 2.5Norway 554 616 509 495 535 1.9 1.5Pakistan 126 122 130 154 191 1.1 1.7Peru 17 148 165 176 198 2.0 2.6Philippines c 910 1245 1250 1152 1302 4.4 3.7Poland 245 2165 I 2478 2615 2730 7.5 5.0Romania 67 933 1715 2012 2370 9.1 13.3Russian Federation f - 691 1248 1435 1482 1.1 2.4Saudi Arabia 1312 1229 986 947 1001 4.4 3.1

Singapore 1778 2109 1275 1019 1026 1.7 0.9retained imports 1016 876 661 539 601 1.2 1.0

Slovak Republic b - 214 I 536 643 683 2.4 4.1Slovenia - 335 346 365 365 3.5 3.3South Africa b 561 736 I 570 510 534 2.8 2.1Sri Lanka 412 1144 1483 1362 1363 21.6 22.3Switzerland 1849 1884 1354 1291 1289 2.4 1.5Syrian Arab Republic 168 327 399 416 ... 7.0 8.8Taipei, Chinese 1013 1790 1454 1034 1166 1.7 1.0Thailand 898 1534 1631 1535 1497 2.2 2.3Tunisia 790 1289 1207 1440 1407 16.3 14.8

Turkey 567 1811 2124 1921 2839 5.1 5.7Ukraine f - ... 462 493 518 ... 3.0United Arab Emirates f 983 2017 1824 1694 ... 9.6 5.6United States 6730 10441 16008 15429 17002 1.4 1.4Uruguay 37 93 88 74 41 3.2 2.1Venezuela b 112 273 286 294 ... 2.5 1.8

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Includes significant imports into processing zones.d See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.e Beginning with 2000 imports are valued c.i.f.f Includes Secretariat estimates.

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4.6 Clothing

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Western Europe

Asia

North America

Latin America

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Africa

Middle East

Chart IV.12

Regional shares in world trade in clothing, 2002

(Percentage)

Table IV.64

World trade in clothing, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 201

Annual percentage change

1980-85 4

1985-90 18

1990-95 8

1995-00 4

2000 7

2001 -2

2002 4

Share in world merchandise trade 3.2

Share in world exports of manufactures 4.3

Table IV.66

Share of clothing in trade in total merchandise and inmanufactures by region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of clothing in total merchandise

World 3.2 3.2North America 0.8 4.8Latin America 6.0 2.6Western Europe 2.3 3.3C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 3.6 3.1Africa 5.3 1.9Middle East 1.1 2.6Asia 5.6 1.9

Australia, Japan and New Zealand 0.2 4.8Other Asia 7.9 0.8

Share of clothing in manufactures

World 4.3 4.3North America 1.1 6.1Latin America 10.0 3.4Western Europe 2.8 4.3C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 6.4 4.2Africa 20.9 2.6Middle East 4.7 3.3Asia 6.6 2.7

Australia, Japan and New Zealand 0.2 7.7Other Asia 9.4 1.1

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Table IV.65

Major regional flows in world exports of clothing, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2002 1995-00 2001 2002

Intra-Western Europe 45.6 0 0 6

Asia to North America 34.5 7 -5 -1

Intra-Asia 22.8 4 -3 -4

Asia to Western Europe 20.9 4 -6 4

Latin America to North America 19.7 22 -4 2

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS to Western Europe 9.6 6 10 6

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Table IV.67

Clothing exports by principal region, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2001 2002

World 200.85 - - 100.0 100.0 4 -2 4

Asia

World 89.92 100.0 100.0 44.4 44.8 5 -4 3

North America 34.46 37.4 38.3 16.6 17.2 7 -5 -1

Asia 22.84 28.6 25.4 12.7 11.4 4 -3 -4

Western Europe 20.88 25.1 23.2 11.1 10.4 4 -6 4

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 3.56 2.8 4.0 1.2 1.8 7 5 23

Middle East 2.75 3.1 3.1 1.4 1.4 2 -2 14

Latin America 2.39 1.3 2.7 0.6 1.2 16 1 18

Africa 1.15 1.0 1.3 0.5 0.6 7 -1 12

Western Europe

World 60.52 100.0 100.0 36.0 30.1 0 2 6

Western Europe 45.63 77.4 75.4 27.8 22.7 0 0 6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 4.41 5.2 7.3 1.9 2.2 2 17 17

North America 4.21 5.2 7.0 1.9 2.1 7 3 0

Asia 3.12 7.2 5.2 2.6 1.6 -7 8 1

Middle East 1.21 1.9 2.0 0.7 0.6 0 4 8

Africa 1.20 1.5 2.0 0.5 0.6 5 -4 13

Latin America 0.47 0.5 0.8 0.2 0.2 7 9 -3

Latin America

World 20.88 100.0 100.0 5.3 10.4 21 -3 2

North America 19.72 88.8 94.4 4.7 9.8 22 -4 2

Latin America 0.90 7.1 4.3 0.4 0.4 10 8 -11

Western Europe 0.19 3.3 0.9 0.2 0.1 -1 -25 0

All other regions 0.05 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.0 -14 73 14

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

World 11.40 100.0 100.0 4.4 | 5.7 7 12 6

Western Europe 9.64 89.8 84.6 4.0 4.8 6 10 6

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 0.88 3.5 | 7.7 0.2 | 0.4 19 35 10

North America 0.85 5.6 7.4 0.2 0.4 11 22 3

All other regions 0.03 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.0 -4 33 3

North America

World 8.02 100.0 100.0 4.8 4.0 7 -16 -10

Latin America 4.39 54.5 54.7 2.6 2.2 10 -23 -16

North America 2.62 19.5 32.7 0.9 1.3 13 -5 0

Asia 0.54 15.7 6.7 0.8 0.3 -11 -8 -10

Western Europe 0.40 8.3 5.0 0.4 0.2 -8 -1 -4

All other regions 0.07 2.0 0.9 0.1 0.0 -9 -10 -14

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Table IV.68

Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

Canada a United States

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 4008 100.0 6 2 World 66722 100.0 -1 1

Asia 2768 69.1 7 2 Asia 38061 57.0 -1 1

North America 452 11.3 -10 -8 Latin America 18566 27.8 -4 -2

Latin America 337 8.4 28 11 Western Europe 3989 6.0 0 0

Western Europe 327 8.2 8 11 North America 1817 2.7 -8 2

C./E. Europe/ Africa 1665 2.5 14 8

Baltic States/CIS 70 1.7 32 13 Middle East 1635 2.5 6 3

Africa 31 0.8 16 -14 C./E. Europe/

Middle East 20 0.5 0 -17 Baltic States/CIS 989 1.5 22 -2

Suppliers Suppliers

China 1242 31.0 11 22 China 10082 15.1 4 9United States 452 11.3 -10 -8 Mexico 7797 11.7 -7 -5India 265 6.6 1 7 Hong Kong, China 4163 6.2 -6 -7Hong Kong, China 252 6.3 -3 -24 European Union (15) 2566 3.8 1 -4European Union (15) 250 6.2 5 8 Honduras 2556 3.8 1 3

Above 5 2461 61.4 2 6 Above 5 27164 40.7 -2 0

Mexico 197 4.9 34 6 Korea, Republic of 2331 3.5 -5 -6Korea, Republic of 180 4.5 7 -21 Indonesia 2290 3.4 7 -8Taipei, Chinese 117 2.9 16 -9 Thailand 2238 3.4 0 -1Indonesia 106 2.6 33 -12 India 2219 3.3 -4 8Thailand 104 2.6 3 1 Dominican Republic 2218 3.3 -7 -5

Bangladesh 90 2.2 0 -13 Bangladesh 2021 3.0 -2 -9Malaysia 73 1.8 -8 0 Philippines 1954 2.9 -1 -3Pakistan 70 1.7 17 0 Canada 1817 2.7 -8 2Philippines 67 1.7 8 -1 Taipei, Chinese 1763 2.6 -12 -12Turkey 60 1.5 29 22 Guatemala 1727 2.6 9 3

Sri Lanka 49 1.2 10 -8 El Salvador 1713 2.6 2 3Honduras 46 1.1 42 35 Sri Lanka 1535 2.3 1 -5Viet Nam 39 1.0 17 39 Turkey 1297 1.9 0 14Macau, China 36 0.9 0 -8 Malaysia 1262 1.9 -4 -5El Salvador 25 0.6 36 67 Macau, China 1212 1.8 -2 3

Myanmar 22 0.5 -6 -27 Cambodia 1116 1.7 15 13Dominican Republic 19 0.5 -4 -14 Pakistan 1060 1.6 0 -4Guatemala 14 0.3 71 17 Viet Nam 981 1.5 -2 1787Russian Federation 13 0.3 0 -24 Costa Rica 747 1.1 -7 -6Singapore 12 0.3 0 -8 Nicaragua 446 0.7 13 14

Bulgaria 12 0.3 140 0 Israel 427 0.6 -7 -7Cambodia 12 0.3 27 -14 Jordan 408 0.6 320 111Peru 8 0.2 17 14 Peru 403 0.6 -3 4Romania 8 0.2 17 14 Russian Federation 382 0.6 28 8Egypt 8 0.2 0 -11 Egypt 370 0.6 -5 -9

Israel 7 0.2 -20 -13 Colombia 349 0.5 -16 -2Poland 7 0.2 20 17 Lesotho 342 0.5 53 53Turkmenistan 7 0.2 - 600 Myanmar 325 0.5 1 -26Mauritius 6 0.1 -18 -33 Singapore 305 0.5 -17 -3Ukraine 6 0.1 100 50 United Arab Emirates 285 0.4 -11 -14

Above 35 3881 96.8 - - Above 35 62707 94.0 - -

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Table IV.68 (continued)

Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2002

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (15) Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2002 2002 2001 2002 2002 2002 2001 2002

Region Region

World 84882 100.0 1 5 World 17602 100.0 -3 -8

Western Europe 42342 49.9 0 6 Asia 15638 88.8 -2 -9

Asia 25247 29.7 -2 5 Western Europe 1534 8.7 1 0

C./E. Europe/ North America 282 1.6 -23 -26

Baltic States/CIS 9782 11.5 12 5 Latin America 57 0.3 -15 2

Africa 6295 7.4 6 2 C./E. Europe/

Middle East 459 0.5 -17 -10 Baltic States/CIS 55 0.3 22 41

North America 411 0.5 -8 -15 Africa 30 0.2 35 30

Latin America 330 0.4 -9 9 Middle East 6 0.0 -29 20

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (15) 33860 39.9 -1 4 China 13755 78.1 1 -7China 9764 11.5 4 15 European Union (15) 1482 8.4 0 0Turkey 6604 7.8 5 22 Viet Nam 471 2.7 -9 -12Romania 3456 4.1 24 17 Korea, Republic of 427 2.4 -28 -38Tunisia 2744 3.2 9 6 United States 263 1.5 -24 -26

Above 5 56428 66.5 2 8 Above 5 16398 93.2 -2 -8

Bangladesh 2554 3.0 5 2 Thailand 237 1.3 -9 -12India 2533 3.0 4 7 Indonesia 161 0.9 -3 -25Morocco 2475 2.9 8 4 Malaysia 125 0.7 -12 -5Hong Kong, China 2204 2.6 -21 -6 Philippines 96 0.5 -15 -1Poland 1638 1.9 2 -6 India 87 0.5 -19 -24

Indonesia 1411 1.7 -5 -13 Taipei, Chinese 68 0.4 -31 -12Hungary 971 1.1 2 -4 Hong Kong, China 63 0.4 -29 -16Thailand 934 1.1 -8 7 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 54 0.3 -12 -8Pakistan 904 1.1 4 7 Turkey 22 0.1 31 29Bulgaria 836 1.0 24 -6 Mexico 21 0.1 -15 -9

Sri Lanka 737 0.9 -10 2 Sri Lanka 20 0.1 18 0Malaysia 649 0.8 -10 7 Canada 19 0.1 -11 -24Czech Republic 646 0.8 3 21 Romania 18 0.1 50 50Viet Nam 645 0.8 -3 -6 Switzerland 17 0.1 13 -6Korea, Republic of 639 0.8 -18 -11 Myanmar 15 0.1 40 114

Mauritius 581 0.7 -5 -3 Hungary 12 0.1 0 9Lithuania 532 0.6 17 6 Morocco 12 0.1 100 100Slovak Republic 524 0.6 6 11 Tunisia 12 0.1 43 20Switzerland 488 0.6 9 10 Honduras 10 0.1 14 25Macau, China 468 0.6 -9 -14 Macau, China 9 0.1 -21 -18

Croatia 457 0.5 10 -4 Pakistan 9 0.1 7 -44Taipei, Chinese 427 0.5 -12 -4 Bulgaria 8 0.0 50 167Cambodia 399 0.5 36 13 Slovenia 6 0.0 -14 0Ukraine 383 0.5 10 8 Poland 5 0.0 100 25United States 341 0.4 -9 -17 Singapore 5 0.0 14 -38

Myanmar 307 0.4 25 -12 Cambodia 5 0.0 0 150Philippines 299 0.4 -15 7 Croatia 5 0.0 50 67Slovenia 264 0.3 -6 -16 El Salvador 5 0.0 -17 0Egypt 258 0.3 -9 9 Mauritius 4 0.0 25 -20FYR Macedonia 213 0.3 9 -14 Peru 4 0.0 -33 0

United Arab Emirates 192 0.2 -11 -9 Guatemala 3 0.0 100 50Latvia 190 0.2 5 -3 Lithuania 3 0.0 100 50Estonia 180 0.2 2 5 Mongolia 3 0.0 0 0Malta 142 0.2 -7 14 Nepal 3 0.0 -72 -57Madagascar 132 0.2 -1 -45 Slovak Republic 3 0.0 -50 200

Above 40 82981 97.8 - - Above 40 17547 99.7 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table IV.69

Leading exporters and importers of clothing, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1980 1990 2000 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

European Union (15) 50.45 42.0 37.7 24.1 25.1 0 -5 2 4

Extra-exports 16.59 10.4 10.5 7.4 8.3 0 0 7 6

China a 41.30 4.0 8.9 18.3 20.6 8 20 2 13

Hong Kong, China 22.34 - - - - 3 8 -3 -5

domestic exports 8.31 11.5 8.6 5.0 4.1 1 4 -7 -10

re-exports 14.04 - - - - 4 12 -1 -1

Turkey 8.06 0.3 3.1 3.3 4.0 1 0 2 21

Mexico a 7.75 0.0 0.5 4.4 3.9 26 11 -7 -3

United States 6.03 3.1 2.4 4.4 3.0 5 4 -19 -14

India b 5.48 1.7 2.3 3.1 2.8 8 20 -11 ...

Bangladesh 4.13 0.0 0.6 2.1 2.1 16 25 2 -3

Indonesia 3.95 0.2 1.5 2.4 2.0 7 23 -4 -13

Korea, Republic of 3.69 7.3 7.3 2.6 1.8 0 3 -14 -14

Thailand 3.37 0.7 2.6 1.9 1.7 -6 9 -5 -6

Romania 3.25 ... 0.3 1.2 1.6 11 14 19 17

Dominican Republic a, b, c 2.71 0.0 0.7 1.5 1.4 11 11 -6 ...

Tunisia 2.69 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 -1 -6 17 3

Philippines a 2.61 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.3 1 13 -6 10

Above 15 153.78 73.0 79.3 76.7 76.7 - - - -

Importers

European Union (15) 84.88 54.3 50.6 38.8 40.3 2 -2 1 5

Extra-imports 51.02 23.0 25.2 22.9 24.2 3 2 2 6

United States 66.73 16.4 24.0 32.5 31.7 10 14 -1 1

Japan 17.60 3.6 7.8 9.5 8.4 1 20 -3 -8

Hong Kong, China 15.64 - - - - 5 8 1 -3

retained imports 1.60 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 14 -12 11 -16

Mexico a 4.06 0.3 0.5 1.9 1.9 16 ... -5 6

Canada d 4.01 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.9 7 12 6 2

Russian Federation c 3.86 - - 1.3 1.8 32 23 13 27

Switzerland 3.45 3.4 3.1 1.6 1.6 -3 -5 0 7

Korea, Republic of 2.17 0.0 0.1 0.6 1.0 4 71 25 33

Australia d 1.82 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.9 8 12 -12 11

Singapore 1.81 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 3 14 -10 7

retained imports 0.54 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 -6 8 -18 18

United Arab Emirates b, c 1.55 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 1 17 9 ...

Norway 1.36 1.7 1.1 0.6 0.6 -2 -7 -4 10

China a 1.36 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.6 4 8 7 6

Saudi Arabia b 0.86 1.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 -2 4 6 ...

Above 15 197.12 85.8 92.8 93.1 93.7 - - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones.

b 2001 instead of 2002.

c Includes Secretariat estimates.

d Imports are valued f.o.b.

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Table IV.70

Clothing exports of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise exports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

World 108130 I 158340 I 197030 193690 200850 3.2 3.2

Bangladesh 643 1969 4170 4261 4131 52.7 67.8Brazil 247 298 282 281 ... 0.6 0.5Bulgaria ... 236 696 880 1066 4.4 18.6Cambodia b ... ... 985 1125 ... ... 81.7Canada 328 1016 2077 1943 1988 0.5 0.8China c 9669 24049 36071 36650 41302 16.2 12.7Colombia 460 552 520 572 523 5.5 4.4Costa Rica c 54 I 50 385 376 397 1.4 7.6Croatia - 673 469 490 510 14.5 10.4Czech Republic c - 515 I 633 651 645 2.4 1.7

Dominican Republic b, c 782 1721 2880 2712 ... 45.5 50.9Egypt 144 253 243 239 ... 7.3 5.8El Salvador c 184 700 1673 1725 1841 42.4 61.5European Union (15) 40782 I 48457 47505 48314 50452 2.3 2.1

Intra-exports 29444 I 33518 32828 32595 33860 2.5 2.2Extra-exports 11338 14939 14677 15719 16592 2.0 1.8

FYR Macedonia - 113 318 319 ... 9.4 27.7Honduras 64 299 472 505 475 24.5 37.4Hong Kong, China 15406 21297 24214 23446 22343 12.2 11.1

domestic exports 9266 9540 9935 9263 8306 31.9 45.5re-exports 6140 11757 14279 14183 14037 8.2 7.7

Hungary c 375 1032 I 1221 1342 1296 8.0 3.8India 2530 4110 6178 5483 ... 13.0 12.4Indonesia 1646 3376 4734 4531 3945 7.4 6.9

Israel 482 663 729 602 549 3.5 1.9Jamaica 83 287 149 116 ... 20.1 9.5Jordan 11 29 115 296 ... 1.6 12.9Korea, Republic of 7879 4957 5027 4306 3694 4.0 2.3Lithuania - 205 482 523 574 7.6 10.3Macao, China 1111 1377 1849 1663 1648 69.0 70.0Malaysia c 1315 2266 2257 2071 1963 3.1 2.1Mauritius 619 808 948 860 949 52.5 54.1Mexico c 587 2731 8631 8011 7751 3.4 4.8Morocco c 722 797 I 2401 2342 2413 16.9 30.4

Nepal 50 111 209 154 ... 32.3 20.9Pakistan 1014 1611 2144 2136 2228 20.1 22.5Peru 120 202 504 506 530 3.6 6.9Philippines c 1733 2420 2536 2384 2611 13.8 7.2Poland 384 2304 I 1919 1949 1915 10.1 4.7Romania 363 1360 2328 2780 3251 17.2 23.4Russian Federation b - 240 249 256 260 0.3 0.2Singapore 1588 1464 1825 1632 1653 1.2 1.3

domestic exports 995 587 504 395 386 0.8 0.6re-exports 593 877 1321 1237 1267 1.8 2.2

Slovak Republic - 257 I 517 573 633 3.0 4.4Slovenia - 659 390 377 327 7.9 3.4

South Africa 85 157 I 218 238 256 0.6 0.9Sri Lanka 638 1758 2812 2441 2326 46.3 49.5Switzerland 686 715 619 664 763 0.9 0.9Taipei, Chinese 3987 3251 3022 2484 2197 2.9 1.6Thailand 2817 5008 3757 3575 3369 8.9 4.9Tunisia 1126 2322 2227 2601 2688 42.4 39.5Turkey 3331 6119 6533 6661 8057 28.3 23.3Ukraine b - ... 417 498 503 ... 2.8United States 2565 6651 8629 7012 6032 1.1 0.9Uruguay 153 131 103 80 50 6.2 2.7

a Or nearest year.b Includes Secretariat estimates.c Includes significant exports from processing zones.

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Table IV.71

Clothing imports of selected economies, 1990-02

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise imports

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 1995 2002 a

Argentina 6 229 335 294 ... 1.1 1.4Australia b 711 1262 1858 1638 1819 2.2 2.6Brazil 59 372 185 200 153 0.7 0.3Canada b 2388 2688 3690 3926 4008 1.6 1.8Chile 52 290 501 511 488 1.8 2.9China c 48 969 1192 1274 1356 0.7 0.5Costa Rica c 17 I 37 308 305 265 0.9 3.7Croatia - 271 278 258 251 3.6 2.3Cyprus 30 70 172 176 197 1.9 4.8Czech Republic b, c - 457 I 426 483 566 1.8 1.4

Egypt 9 7 7 6 ... 0.1 0.0El Salvador c 171 349 569 586 645 10.5 12.4European Union (15) 56844 I 74184 80179 80877 84882 3.6 3.5

Intra-imports d 28549 IExtra-imports 28295 40666 47351 48282 51022 5.7 5.5

Hong Kong, China 6913 12654 16008 16098 15640 6.5 7.5retained imports 773 897 1728 1915 1603 1.7 6.6

Hungary c 167 378 I 510 607 637 2.4 1.7India 2 6 26 41 ... 0.0 0.1Indonesia 16 28 39 31 ... 0.1 0.1Israel 61 269 471 570 541 0.9 1.5Jamaica 87 227 162 ... ... 8.1 4.9Japan 8737 18758 19709 19186 17601 5.6 5.2

Jordan 28 56 61 65 ... 1.5 1.4Korea, Republic of 151 1073 1307 1631 2170 0.8 1.4Kuwait 206 319 320 340 ... 4.1 4.3Lebanon ... ... 171 217 ... ... 3.0Macao, China 26 89 214 243 292 4.4 11.5Malaysia c 76 154 148 165 ... 0.2 0.2Mexico c, e 573 1912 I 4018 3836 4055 2.6 2.1New Zealand 149 305 401 390 ... 2.2 2.9Norway 1231 1419 1287 1234 1361 4.3 3.9Pakistan 1 2 5 5 8 0.0 0.1

Philippines c 14 66 75 72 51 0.2 0.1Poland 209 318 I 544 639 810 1.1 1.5Romania 26 170 322 392 462 1.7 2.6Russian Federation f - 678 2689 3030 3860 1.1 6.4Saudi Arabia 833 880 813 861 ... 3.1 2.8Singapore 922 1644 1881 1696 1808 1.3 1.6

retained imports 329 767 560 459 541 1.0 0.9Slovak Republic b - 86 I 148 185 229 1.0 1.4Slovenia - 262 354 351 350 2.8 3.2South Africa b 108 140 I 223 202 207 0.5 0.8Switzerland 3437 3821 3223 3229 3449 4.8 4.1

Taipei, Chinese 290 884 983 924 828 0.9 0.7Thailand 29 84 131 143 147 0.1 0.2Tunisia 191 435 438 501 530 5.5 5.6Turkey 16 49 264 239 283 0.1 0.6Ukraine f - ... 147 82 94 ... 0.6United Arab Emirates f 514 1323 1422 1550 ... 6.3 5.2United States 26977 41367 67115 66391 66731 5.4 5.5Venezuela b 101 275 390 431 ... 2.5 2.6

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Includes significant imports into processing zones.d See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.e Beginning with 2000 imports are valued c.i.f.f Includes Secretariat estimates.

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5. Commercial services

5.1 Transportation services

Table IV.72

World exports of transportation services, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 350

Annual percentage change

1990-95 6

1995-00 3

2000 7

2001 -1

2002 4

Share in world exports of commercial services 22.3

Chart IV.13

World exports of transportation servicesand share in total commercial services, 1995-02(Billion dollars and percentage)

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2001 2002200019991998199719961995

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

Share (right scale)Value (left scale)

Table IV.73

Share of transportation services in total trade ofcommercial services by selected region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

North America 17.2 27.3

Latin America 18.0 28.8

Western Europe 21.8 22.5

European Union (15) 21.2 21.8

Africa 26.2 37.7

Asia 25.8 31.5

Japan 37.0 29.6

0 10 20 30 40 50

Exports

Imports

Chart IV.14Regional shares in world trade in transportationservices, 2002(Percentage)

Western Europe

Asia

North America

All other regions

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Table IV.74

Leading exporters and importers of transportation services, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

United States 46.2 15.0 13.2 2 8 -8 0

Germany 25.7 6.5 7.3 0 0 3 25

Japan 24.0 7.5 6.9 3 12 -6 0

France 18.9 6.8 5.4 -2 -5 -2 4

United Kingdom 17.9 5.4 5.1 3 1 -8 2

Netherlands 17.7 6.0 5.0 -1 -12 5 0

Hong Kong, China 14.1 4.2 4.0 0 11 2 8

Korea, Republic of 13.1 3.1 3.7 8 19 -4 -1

Denmark 12.9 2.3 3.7 16 29 13 -20

Norway 10.9 2.8 3.1 2 9 12 2

Spain 9.3 2.0 2.7 6 5 9 9

Italy 9.1 3.6 2.6 -3 -2 -11 10

Greece 8.0 ... 2.3 ... 54 3 -2

Belgium 8.0 ... 2.3 ... ... ... ...

Canada 6.9 1.8 2.0 7 15 -10 2

Above 15 245.0 ... 69.2 ... ... ... ...

Importers

United States 58.5 11.7 14.4 10 18 -7 -5

Japan 31.5 10.0 7.8 0 15 -8 -3

Germany 30.4 6.9 7.5 1 3 -1 21

United Kingdom 24.6 4.7 6.0 7 5 -6 9

France 17.8 5.9 4.4 -3 -6 -4 3

Italy 13.6 3.7 3.4 0 -4 -11 16

China 13.6 2.7 3.3 2 32 9 20

Netherlands 12.8 3.5 3.2 1 0 -1 0

Korea, Republic of 10.7 2.7 2.6 2 9 -2 0

Denmark 10.5 1.8 2.6 12 29 10 -15

Spain 9.2 1.6 2.3 8 6 6 7

Canada 9.1 2.2 2.2 3 13 -5 1

Belgium 7.5 ... 1.9 ... ... ... ...

Singapore 7.2 1.7 1.8 6 27 -13 2

Thailand 7.1 2.2 1.8 -3 27 1 4

Above 15 265.0 ... 65.0 ... ... ... ...

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5.2 Travel services

20

25

30

35

40

45

50600

500

400

300

200

100

0

Share (right scale)Value (left scale)

Chart IV.15

World exports of travel servicesand share in total commercial services, 1995-02(Billion dollars and percentage)

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Chart IV.16Regional shares in world trade in travelservices, 2002(Percentage)

Western Europe

Asia

North America

All other regions

Table IV.75

World exports of travel services, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 480

Annual percentage change

1990-95 9

1995-00 3

2000 4

2001 -2

2002 4

Share in world exports of commercial services 30.6

Table IV.76

Share of travel services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

North America 31.1 29.4

Latin America 54.6 28.6

Western Europe 28.7 30.0

European Union (15) 28.1 29.7

Africa 47.9 20.9

Asia 28.3 26.9

Japan 5.4 25.0

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Table IV.77

Leading exporters and importers of travel services, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

United States 85.3 18.7 17.7 6 10 -9 -4

Spain 33.8 6.4 7.0 4 -4 6 3

France 32.7 6.9 6.8 2 -2 -2 8

Italy 26.9 7.2 5.6 -1 -3 -6 4

United Kingdom 21.1 5.1 4.4 1 -4 -13 12

China 20.4 2.2 4.2 13 15 10 15

Germany 19.2 4.5 4.0 1 2 -7 12

Austria 11.3 3.4 2.3 -6 -10 3 9

Canada 10.7 2.0 2.2 6 6 -2 1

Hong Kong, China 10.0 2.4 2.1 -4 9 4 21

Greece 10.0 ... 2.1 ... 5 -1 9

Mexico 8.9 1.5 1.8 6 15 1 5

Turkey 8.5 1.2 1.8 9 47 6 5

Australia 8.1 2.0 1.7 1 6 -8 4

Thailand 7.9 2.0 1.6 -1 6 -5 12

Above 15 315.0 ... 65.4 ... 4 -4 4

Importers

United States 60.8 12.4 13.5 8 10 -6 -3

Germany 53.4 14.0 11.9 -2 -6 -3 16

United Kingdom 42.0 6.7 9.3 9 3 -1 11

Japan 26.7 9.8 5.9 -3 -3 -17 0

France 19.7 4.4 4.4 2 -4 1 9

Italy 16.9 4.0 3.8 1 -7 -6 14

China 15.4 1.0 3.4 29 21 6 11

Netherlands 13.0 3.1 2.9 1 1 -2 8

Hong Kong, China 12.2 2.8 2.7 4 -5 -1 -1

Russian Federation 12.0 3.1 2.7 -5 25 13 21

Canada 11.8 2.7 2.6 4 8 -4 -1

Belgium 10.3 ... 2.3 ... ... ... ...

Austria 9.5 2.9 2.1 -5 -8 6 6

Korea, Republic of 9.1 1.7 2.0 2 46 7 19

Sweden 7.2 1.5 1.6 8 0 -14 4

Above 15 320.0 ... 71.1 ... ... ... ...

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5.3 Other commercial services

Chart IV.17

World exports of other commercial servicesand share in total commercial services, 1995-02(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share (right scale)Value (left scale)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 200220

25

30

35

40

45

50

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Chart IV.18

Regional shares in world trade in other commercialservices, 2002(Percentage)

Western Europe

Asia

North America

All other regions

Table IV.78

World exports of other commercial services, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 740

Annual percentage change

1990-95 11

1995-00 6

2000 7

2001 2

2002 9

Share in world trade in commercial services 47.0

Table IV.79

Share of other commercial services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2002(Percentage)

Exports Imports

North America 51.7 43.3

Latin America 27.3 42.6

Western Europe 49.5 47.5

European Union (15) 50.7 48.5

Africa 25.8 41.3

Asia 45.9 41.6

Japan 57.6 45.4

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Table IV.80

Leading exporters and importers of other commercial services, 2002

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2002 1995 2002 1995-00 2000 2001 2002

Exporters

United States 141.2 16.0 19.1 11 5 4 6

United Kingdom 84.1 8.2 11.4 13 5 -1 15

Germany 54.7 7.7 7.4 3 -3 4 20

Japan 37.4 7.8 5.1 1 16 -8 3

France 34.3 7.2 4.6 -3 1 2 9

Netherlands 28.7 4.1 3.9 1 -3 21 11

Ireland 23.4 ... 3.2 ... ... ... 23

Italy 23.4 4.4 3.2 -2 -5 20 2

Hong Kong, China 21.1 2.5 2.9 10 17 0 5

Belgium 19.8 ... 2.7 ... ... ... ...

Spain 19.0 1.7 2.6 12 8 15 15

Canada 18.7 2.5 2.5 11 9 -2 -5

India 18.1 0.5 2.4 41 38 28 12

Austria 17.8 3.0 2.4 3 8 6 0

Singapore 17.2 3.5 2.3 -1 14 2 6

Above 15 560.0 ... 75.7 ... ... ... ...

Importers

United States 86.2 8.5 12.5 13 12 8 11

Germany 65.3 10.6 9.5 5 -2 8 -1

Japan 48.4 10.6 7.0 0 -4 -1 1

United Kingdom 34.9 4.4 5.1 10 8 -4 8

Ireland 34.8 ... 5.1 ... ... ... 14

Italy 30.9 5.7 4.5 0 1 14 5

France 30.6 5.9 4.4 -2 -6 10 16

Netherlands 30.0 4.2 4.3 5 7 10 9

Spain 21.7 2.4 3.2 10 2 10 14

Austria 21.4 2.9 3.1 6 5 5 12

Canada 21.0 3.2 3.1 8 6 2 -4

China 17.1 2.5 2.5 2 1 12 24

Belgium 17.0 ... 2.5 ... ... ... ...

Korea, Republic of 15.4 2.0 2.2 10 26 -6 9

Sweden 12.4 1.5 1.8 11 7 6 0

Above 15 485.0 ... 70.7 ... ... ... ...

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Appendix tablesTable A1

World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1950-02

(Index, 1995=100)

Value Volume

WorldExports Exports Production GDP

Agricultural Mining Agricultural MiningTotal a products products Manufactures Total a products products Manufactures Total Agriculture Mining Manufacturing

1950 1 5 2 1 6 20 14 3 17 34 27 12 17

1951 2 6 2 1 7 21 15 4 19 34 30 13 18

1952 2 5 3 1 7 21 17 4 19 35 31 14 19

1953 2 5 3 1 8 22 19 4 21 37 31 15 20

1954 2 5 3 1 9 22 20 5 21 37 31 15 21

1955 2 6 3 1 10 24 22 5 23 38 35 18 22

1956 2 6 4 1 10 25 23 6 24 40 37 18 23

1957 2 6 4 1 11 27 25 6 24 40 38 19 24

1958 2 6 4 1 11 28 24 6 24 43 37 18 24

1959 2 6 4 1 12 31 25 7 26 44 39 21 25

1960 3 7 4 2 14 33 31 8 28 45 42 23 27

1961 3 7 4 2 14 35 32 8 29 46 45 24 28

1962 3 7 4 2 15 35 33 9 32 48 48 26 30

1963 3 8 5 2 17 36 35 10 33 49 50 28 31

1964 3 8 5 2 19 38 38 12 36 51 54 30 33

1965 4 8 6 3 20 40 40 12 38 51 56 33 35

1966 4 9 6 3 21 41 42 14 41 53 59 36 37

1967 4 9 7 3 23 42 46 14 43 55 61 38 38

1968 5 9 8 4 25 45 52 17 46 56 65 41 41

1969 6 10 8 4 28 47 55 20 48 56 66 44 43

1970 6 11 10 5 31 49 62 21 51 58 71 46 45

1971 7 12 11 6 33 50 63 23 53 60 74 48 47

1972 8 14 12 7 36 53 67 26 56 60 76 52 50

1973 12 21 18 9 40 53 74 29 60 63 81 57 54

1974 17 25 40 12 42 51 72 32 62 64 83 59 55

1975 18 25 39 13 39 51 64 31 61 66 78 56 55

1976 20 28 45 15 44 55 68 34 65 67 84 61 58

1977 23 32 50 17 45 57 70 36 67 69 87 64 61

1978 26 36 51 21 48 61 74 38 70 71 88 67 64

1979 33 45 75 25 50 64 78 40 73 71 96 70 66

1980 40 51 106 29 51 68 73 42 73 72 94 70 68

1981 40 50 103 29 51 72 66 44 73 75 86 70 69

1982 37 46 92 28 50 70 62 43 72 77 80 69 70

1983 36 45 84 28 51 71 61 45 74 77 79 71 72

1984 39 48 84 30 55 73 64 50 78 81 82 77 75

1985 38 45 81 32 57 72 64 53 80 83 81 79 78

1986 42 50 62 38 59 71 69 55 82 85 84 82 81

1987 49 58 68 45 62 75 71 58 85 86 85 85 84

1988 56 65 69 53 67 77 75 64 89 87 89 90 87

1989 60 68 80 56 72 79 78 69 93 90 94 93 91

1990 68 71 92 65 75 80 80 73 94 92 94 94 93

1991 69 72 86 67 78 82 83 76 93 93 94 93 94

1992 74 77 85 72 82 87 87 79 94 95 95 93 95

1993 74 74 82 72 85 88 90 83 94 95 97 92 96

1994 84 85 87 83 93 96 96 92 96 98 98 95 98

1995 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

1996 104 103 114 104 105 104 103 105 104 104 103 103 103

1997 108 102 117 108 116 110 111 117 109 107 106 109 106

1998 107 97 93 111 121 112 114 122 111 109 107 112 109

1999 111 93 107 114 126 113 114 129 115 112 106 116 112

2000 125 94 158 126 140 119 120 145 120 114 110 123 117

2001 120 94 145 121 140 122 120 143 120 115 109 121 118

2002 125 99 144 126 143 125 120 148 120 116 110 122 120

a Includes unspecified products.Note: World merchandise production differs from world GDP in that it excludes services and construction. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A2

Network of world merchandise trade by region, 2000-02

(Billion dollars)

North LatinDestination World a America America Western Europe C/E.Europe/Baltic States/CIS

C/E RussianTotal EU (15) Total Europe Federation

Origin

World 2000 6266.00 1405.30 350.77 2504.77 2288.47 230.31 136.22 43.232001 6021.00 1309.91 338.26 2448.59 2247.86 254.53 146.38 53.592002 6272.00 1336.33 314.52 2548.62 2333.21 282.27 161.30 60.25

North America 2000 1057.82 418.62 174.65 195.32 177.77 6.57 2.76 2.452001 990.71 390.64 163.77 188.14 171.17 7.31 2.94 2.912002 946.32 381.69 152.34 169.78 155.28 7.07 2.71 2.56

Latin America 2000 360.70 223.17 61.02 43.77 40.57 2.35 0.99 1.322001 348.60 210.29 60.40 42.95 40.16 3.32 0.89 2.272002 350.30 214.71 54.11 44.24 41.02 3.38 0.79 2.52

Western Europe 2000 2508.57 256.91 57.97 1716.49 1568.60 131.32 95.76 19.562001 2511.87 256.09 58.84 1696.69 1558.12 148.49 103.18 26.762002 2657.27 270.19 54.73 1787.39 1638.94 167.91 115.30 30.93

European Union (15) 2000 2316.00 232.94 54.64 1586.26 1445.91 123.13 90.91 17.962001 2315.44 234.23 54.58 1565.26 1432.95 138.65 97.46 24.522002 2449.03 246.53 50.79 1650.61 1509.22 156.84 108.93 28.30

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 2000 272.06 14.98 7.04 146.48 126.41 72.47 28.62 13.992001 285.98 13.18 6.76 155.14 136.98 76.04 30.70 14.952002 313.89 14.20 5.93 176.38 152.35 79.90 31.89 15.55

Central and Eastern Europe 2000 116.05 4.36 0.84 85.68 79.30 19.23 13.55 1.992001 129.41 4.56 0.97 95.79 89.02 22.33 15.58 2.372002 148.06 4.73 0.89 110.46 102.15 24.89 17.50 2.69

Russian Federation 2000 105.57 7.64 4.42 43.95 33.50 31.40 12.24 -2001 103.14 6.09 3.91 41.54 33.00 30.87 11.77 -2002 106.86 6.65 3.38 44.63 33.00 31.20 10.92 -

Africa 2000 146.70 25.77 4.70 73.50 68.18 0.77 0.42 0.232001 137.70 23.67 4.90 72.06 67.13 0.80 0.46 0.282002 140.10 23.78 4.63 71.33 66.44 0.92 0.46 0.36

Middle East 2000 267.20 42.80 3.22 49.57 45.11 1.65 0.55 0.192001 244.70 40.61 3.09 41.89 37.81 1.87 0.70 0.182002 244.30 37.76 3.40 39.96 35.65 2.04 0.74 0.23

Asia 2000 1652.70 423.06 42.17 279.64 261.84 15.18 7.12 5.482001 1501.05 375.45 40.51 251.71 236.50 16.69 7.52 6.232002 1620.18 394.02 39.39 259.55 243.55 21.06 9.40 8.10

Japan 2000 479.25 151.66 13.22 83.68 78.41 2.52 1.63 0.572001 403.50 129.34 11.68 68.73 64.49 2.44 1.42 0.722002 416.73 127.75 10.51 65.43 61.43 2.91 1.63 0.94

Australia and 2000 77.14 9.31 1.27 9.74 9.30 0.35 0.11 0.18New Zealand 2001 77.11 9.40 1.38 10.13 9.67 0.31 0.12 0.11

2002 79.40 9.72 1.46 10.78 10.25 0.30 0.12 0.11

Other Asia 2000 1096.31 262.09 27.68 186.22 174.12 12.31 5.38 4.742001 1020.44 236.70 27.45 172.84 162.34 13.93 5.98 5.402002 1124.06 256.55 27.42 183.34 171.87 17.85 7.66 7.06

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Table A2 ( continued )

Network of world merchandise trade by region, 2000-02

(Billion dollars)

Africa Middle East Asia Destination

South Other Aust./Total Africa Africa Total Japan N. Zealand Other Asia

Total China Other Origin

123.44 27.03 96.41 147.33 1425.07 341.17 76.91 1006.99 175.64 831.35 2000 World127.91 26.16 101.75 156.97 1309.40 314.19 71.34 923.88 184.93 738.94 2001132.69 25.81 106.88 168.81 1390.93 303.43 79.24 1008.27 225.53 782.73 2002

12.01 3.45 8.56 20.21 230.12 71.34 15.37 143.41 18.76 124.65 2000 North America13.36 3.40 9.97 20.34 206.86 62.90 13.91 130.06 21.96 108.10 200111.71 2.79 8.92 19.90 203.56 56.83 15.79 130.94 24.68 106.27 2002

2.86 0.66 2.20 2.99 21.23 7.60 0.78 12.85 3.87 8.98 2000 Latin America3.65 0.85 2.80 3.85 22.01 6.50 0.59 14.91 5.29 9.62 20014.35 0.96 3.39 4.52 23.42 6.02 0.64 16.76 6.36 10.40 2002

60.89 11.46 49.43 58.67 197.03 45.44 17.24 134.35 24.53 109.82 2000 Western Europe63.19 11.74 51.45 63.19 196.80 44.02 16.76 136.02 28.75 107.26 200166.23 12.11 54.12 68.07 208.02 44.07 18.74 145.22 34.68 110.54 2002

57.79 10.96 46.83 53.05 181.10 40.63 16.24 124.22 23.27 100.95 2000 European Union (15)59.83 11.29 48.54 56.89 179.92 39.34 15.77 124.82 26.67 98.15 200162.51 11.62 50.89 61.55 188.94 39.13 17.65 132.16 31.94 100.22 2002

3.03 0.12 2.92 5.23 20.44 4.32 0.12 16.00 7.03 8.97 2000 C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS3.55 0.11 3.44 6.37 21.41 3.76 0.13 17.52 9.31 8.21 20013.76 0.18 3.58 7.44 24.32 3.49 0.24 20.60 10.01 10.59 2002

1.04 0.07 0.97 1.33 2.68 0.38 0.10 2.20 0.31 1.89 2000 Central and Eastern Europe1.12 0.09 1.04 1.52 2.78 0.40 0.10 2.27 0.50 1.77 20011.14 0.12 1.02 1.93 3.73 0.57 0.22 2.94 0.77 2.17 2002

1.08 0.03 1.05 2.37 14.32 3.75 0.01 10.57 5.25 5.32 2000 Russian Federation1.11 0.01 1.10 2.83 14.94 3.16 0.02 11.77 7.16 4.60 20011.41 0.04 1.37 3.30 16.18 2.68 0.01 13.48 7.40 6.08 2002

11.80 0.86 10.94 3.52 25.36 4.13 0.69 20.53 5.41 15.12 2000 Africa10.44 0.81 9.63 3.08 21.27 3.83 0.62 16.83 4.35 12.48 200111.37 0.87 10.50 3.16 23.53 5.30 0.84 17.39 5.14 12.25 2002

10.50 3.77 6.73 14.49 127.14 49.91 2.69 74.54 9.52 65.03 2000 Middle East9.46 3.32 6.13 15.64 115.23 44.93 2.05 68.25 8.73 59.52 20019.39 2.63 6.77 17.25 115.75 41.28 1.23 73.25 9.03 64.22 2002

22.34 6.71 15.63 42.23 803.75 158.43 40.03 605.30 106.53 498.77 2000 Asia24.26 5.93 18.34 44.51 725.83 148.25 37.29 540.29 106.54 433.76 200125.87 6.27 19.60 48.46 792.32 146.44 41.77 604.10 135.64 468.47 2002

4.21 1.89 2.32 9.71 207.49 - 9.83 197.66 42.53 155.13 2000 Japan3.73 1.51 2.22 10.52 171.82 - 8.87 162.95 42.32 120.63 20013.95 1.56 2.38 11.38 189.66 - 9.75 179.91 52.50 127.41 2002

1.68 0.79 0.89 3.21 50.08 14.39 6.51 29.19 3.88 25.30 2000 Australia and 1.81 0.73 1.08 3.90 48.78 13.96 6.30 28.52 4.49 24.04 2001 New Zealand1.91 0.76 1.14 3.77 50.46 13.86 7.02 29.58 5.15 24.44 2002

16.46 4.03 12.42 29.31 546.18 144.04 23.68 378.46 60.12 318.35 2000 Other Asia18.73 3.69 15.04 30.09 505.23 134.29 22.12 348.82 59.73 289.09 200120.02 3.94 16.08 33.31 552.20 132.58 25.00 394.61 77.99 316.62 2002

a Includes unspecified destinations.Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A3

Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1992-02

(Billion dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

APEC (21)

Total exports 1536 1638 1882 2208 2285 2448 2345 2498 2935 2705 2779

Intra-exports 1066 1167 1366 1599 1640 1752 1624 1781 2134 1942 2023

Extra-exports 470 471 516 609 645 696 721 717 801 762 756

Total imports a 1560 1694 1955 2281 2441 2577 2396 2627 3172 2962 3068

Intra-imports 1090 1202 1400 1637 1714 1811 1704 1890 2258 2068 2148

Extra-imports 470 492 556 645 727 766 692 737 914 894 920

EU (15)

Total exports 1584 | 1489 1703 2084 2155 2141 2234 2237 2316 2315 2449

Intra-exports 1045 | 941 1076 1334 1360 1323 1411 1427 1446 1433 1509

Extra-exports 540 548 627 750 795 818 822 810 870 882 940

Total imports 1654 | 1488 1691 2051 2101 2090 2212 2263 2405 2358 2447

Intra-imports 1048 | 943 1079 1338 1364 1327 1415 1431 1450 1437 1514

Extra-imports 606 544 612 713 738 763 797 831 955 921 933

NAFTA (3)

Total exports 629 662 739 856 923 1014 1014 1068 1224 1149 1107

Intra-exports 274 304 354 394 433 495 520 580 682 637 626

Extra-exports 355 358 385 462 489 519 494 488 543 512 481

Total imports b 738 800 917 1008 1082 1208 1271 1421 1679 1575 1599

Intra-imports 266 294 342 380 422 482 512 574 664 620 609

Extra-imports 473 506 574 628 660 726 759 847 1014 955 990

ASEAN (10)

Total exports 186 212 262 321 341 353 330 359 428 386 405

Intra-exports 39 47 65 82 87 88 72 80 103 90 97

Extra-exports 147 165 197 239 254 265 258 279 325 296 308

Total imports 201 231 281 355 376 372 279 300 367 337 353

Intra-imports 37 44 55 67 74 75 63 68 87 77 83

Extra-imports 164 187 226 288 303 297 216 232 281 260 270

CEFTA (7)

Total exports - - 68 87 92 99 109 110 125 138 157

Intra-exports - - 10 13 13 13 14 13 15 17 19

Extra-exports - - 58 74 79 86 96 97 110 121 138

Total imports - - 80 104 120 128 141 139 156 168 187

Intra-imports - - 8 12 13 13 13 13 15 17 19

Extra-imports - - 72 92 108 115 128 126 141 151 168

MERCOSUR (4)

Total exports 50 54 62 70 75 83 81 74 85 88 89

Intra-exports 7 10 12 14 17 21 20 15 18 15 10

Extra-exports 43 44 50 56 58 63 61 59 67 73 78

Total imports 41 49 63 80 87 103 99 82 90 84 62

Intra-imports 7 9 12 14 18 21 21 16 18 16 11

Extra-imports 34 39 50 65 70 82 78 67 72 68 52

ANDEAN (5)

Total exports 28 28 34 39 46 46 39 43 58 53 53

Intra-exports 2 3 3 5 5 6 5 4 5 6 5

Extra-exports 26 25 30 34 41 41 34 39 53 47 48

Total imports c 27 29 30 38 36 44 45 36 39 44 39

Intra-imports 2 3 3 5 5 6 5 4 5 6 5

Extra-imports 25 26 27 33 31 38 39 32 34 38 34

a Imports of Canada, Mexico and Australia are valued f.o.b.b Imports of Canada and Mexico are valued f.o.b.c Imports of Venezuela are valued f.o.b.

Note: The figures are not fully adjusted for differences in the way members of the arrangements in this table record their merchandise trade.

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Table A4

World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

World a 3766000 | 3777000 4326000 5161000 5391000 5577000 5496000 5708000 6445000 6191000 6455000

North America 582720 609990 678045 777005 826775 903180 896515 931285 1057815 990705 946315

Canada 134435 145178 165376 192197 201633 214422 214327 238446 276635 259858 252394

United States 448163 464773 512627 584743 625073 688697 682138 692784 781125 730803 693860

Latin America 151400 | 161000 187500 228500 255700 284200 281300 300000 360700 348600 350300

Antigua and Barbuda 65 62 44 53 38 38 36 38 42 39 ...

Argentina 12235 13118 15659 20967 23811 26370 26441 23333 26341 26610 25352

Bahamas b 192 162 167 176 180 181 300 532 805 649 617

Barbados 191 187 182 239 281 283 252 264 272 259 206

Belize 115 118 127 142 154 159 156 170 170 161 140

Bolivia 710 728 1032 1100 1137 1167 1104 1051 1230 1285 1310

Brazil 35793 38555 43545 46506 47747 52994 51140 48011 55086 58223 60362

Chile 10007 9198 11604 16024 15657 17902 16323 17162 19210 18466 18340

Colombia 6917 7115 8419 10056 10587 11522 10852 11576 13040 12257 12001

Costa Rica 1841 | 2625 2869 3453 3730 4268 5511 6577 5865 5010 5258

Cuba 1600 1000 1385 1600 2015 1812 1512 1496 1760 1762 1500

Dominica 53 48 47 45 51 53 63 54 53 46 44

Dominican Republic 2831 3211 3453 3780 4053 4614 4989 5137 5737 5333 5183

Ecuador 3007 2904 3819 4307 4900 5264 4203 4451 4927 4678 5030

El Salvador 796 1032 1249 1652 1789 2416 2452 2510 2941 2864 2992

Grenada 20 20 23 22 20 23 41 36 76 58 30

Guatemala 1295 1340 1521 2155 2031 2344 2582 2398 2696 2466 2232

Guyana 292 414 456 455 517 644 484 523 498 477 493

Haiti 73 80 82 110 90 212 320 334 318 274 280

Honduras 802 814 843 1220 1316 1446 1533 1164 1370 1318 1270

Jamaica 1047 1071 1212 1427 1383 1383 1312 1240 1304 1220 1105

Mexico 46196 51886 60882 79542 96000 110431 117460 136391 166455 158443 160682

Netherlands Antilles 1559 1283 1376 1522 1269 1488 1169 1451 1851 1652 1492

Nicaragua 223 267 351 526 671 704 573 545 645 592 596

Panama 502 553 583 625 623 723 784 822 860 911 846

Paraguay 657 725 816 919 1044 1089 1014 741 871 990 1030

Peru 3484 3514 4554 5575 5897 6841 5757 6113 7028 7100 7688

Saint Kitts and Nevis 26 27 22 19 22 41 28 28 33 31 35

Saint Lucia 123 120 106 124 82 66 53 56 43 45 40

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 78 57 50 42 46 46 50 49 47 41 38

Suriname 391 326 449 477 433 701 436 342 399 437 445

Trinidad and Tobago 1869 1662 1954 2467 2569 2569 2264 2806 4273 5113 4594

Uruguay 1703 1645 1913 2106 2397 2726 2771 2237 2295 2060 1861

Venezuela 14185 14686 16089 18457 23060 21624 17193 20190 31802 27409 26890

Western Europe 1720440 | 1615690 1843435 2249305 2330825 2314370 2403895 2412010 2508570 2511865 2657265

Austria 44537 | 40685 45002 57738 58222 59784 64085 66060 67711 70753 78694

Belgium - - - - - - - 179148 188374 190355 213957

Belgium-Luxembourg 123132 | 127580 147107 178265 177337 174531 181910 - - - -

Bosnia and Herzegovina 276 95 91 152 336 575 605 751 1068 1087 950

Croatia 4597 3913 4260 4633 4511 4170 4541 4303 4432 4666 4899

Cyprus 987 867 968 1229 1391 1250 1061 997 954 976 843

Denmark 41577 | 37754 42343 50906 51415 49273 49013 50295 51293 51707 57045

Finland 23981 | 23495 29703 40490 41124 41471 43752 42243 46103 43238 44836

France 235871 | 221619 250571 301162 | 305509 302144 320631 325520 327616 323390 331780

FYR Macedonia 1199 1055 1086 1204 1147 1236 1311 1192 1319 1155 1112

Germany 430042 | 380096 426935 523461 524649 512891 543752 543529 551818 571664 613093

Greece 9510 | 8442 9404 11054 11711 11326 10867 11069 11455 10234 10353

Iceland 1528 1399 1623 1804 1897 1851 2050 2004 1891 2022 2229

Ireland 28331 | 28992 33996 44705 48339 53348 64330 71238 77414 82838 88224

Italy 178155 | 169229 191362 233766 252293 240414 245801 235559 240521 241134 250975

Luxembourg - - - - - - - 8203 8378 9759 10228

Malta 1540 1355 1570 1914 1731 1641 1834 1983 2442 1958 2092

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Table A4 ( continued )

World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Netherlands 140335 | 140245 160885 203171 208999 207832 213977 218575 233133 230863 244304

Norway 35178 31853 34692 41992 49645 48541 40402 45479 59899 58956 60971

Portugal 18350 | 15428 17989 22783 24618 23955 24793 24541 24364 24471 25621

Serbia and Montenegro 2929 332 240 230 2018 2677 2858 1498 1723 1903 2275

Slovenia 6681 6083 6828 8316 8312 8372 9048 8604 8733 9251 9471

Spain 64334 | 64603 76696 97849 107243 100756 111973 104431 115252 116663 119131

Sweden 56118 | 49934 65822 80440 84916 82757 84767 84888 87134 75647 81137

Switzerland 65678 63185 70360 81641 80843 76150 78856 80300 81534 82144 87876

Turkey 14716 15343 18106 21637 23224 26261 26974 26588 27775 31334 34561

United Kingdom 190003 | 181381 205079 237953 258527 280406 273949 272161 285429 272724 279647

European Union (15) 1584275 | 1488885 1702895 2083745 2154900 2140890 2233600 2237460 2315995 2315440 2449025

Extra-EU exports 539716 548167 627168 749851 795236 817788 822239 810198 870084 882488 939804

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 100050 | 107215 | 155855 197540 | 214855 223670 | 216065 215455 272060 285975 313890

Albania 70 125 140 202 207 139 205 264 261 305 330

Armenia ... ... 215 270 290 235 220 232 294 343 508

Azerbaijan ... ... 655 635 630 780 605 929 1745 2314 2168

Belarus ... ... 2510 4803 5650 7300 7070 5909 7326 7485 8100

Bulgaria 3550 3580 4005 5355 4890 4940 4300 3964 4809 5115 5745

Czech Republic 12170 | 14465 15940 21335 | 22165 22360 25855 26241 28978 33368 38403

Estonia ... ... 1305 1838 2077 2924 3131 2936 3830 4015 4336

Georgia ... ... 155 150 200 240 190 238 330 320 326

Hungary 10705 8905 10700 12865 | 15705 19100 23005 25012 28092 30498 34337

Kazakhstan ... ... 3230 5250 5910 6495 5334 5598 9140 8639 9709

Kyrgyz Republic ... ... 340 410 505 605 515 454 504 476 486

Latvia ... ... 990 1305 1445 1670 1810 1723 1867 2001 2284

Lithuania ... ... 2030 | 2705 3355 3860 3710 3004 3810 4583 5560

Moldova ... ... 565 745 795 875 630 465 472 570 667

Poland 14500 14140 17240 22895 24440 25750 | 28230 27397 31651 36092 41010

Romania 4500 4890 6150 7910 8085 8430 8300 8505 10367 11391 13869

Russian Federation 40000 45480 | 67540 81095 88600 88330 | 74884 75665 105565 103139 106858

Slovak Republic 6355 5460 6690 8580 8830 | 9635 10720 10226 11889 12641 14367

Tajikistan ... ... 490 750 770 745 595 690 785 650 738

Turkmenistan ... ... 2145 1880 1695 1000 590 1187 2506 2620 2950

Ukraine ... ... 10270 | 13130 14400 14230 12635 11580 14575 16265 17954

Uzbekistan ... ... 2550 3430 4210 4025 3530 3235 3265 3144 3184

Central and Eastern Europe 51850 | 51565 60865 79140 | 84320 90355 | 100615 101610 116045 129410 148060

Africa 97000 93000 | 96700 111800 125000 127100 | 105200 116600 146700 137700 140100

Algeria 11130 10230 8880 10240 12620 13894 9839 12525 22031 19350 19130

Angola 3755 3762 3018 3642 5095 5007 3543 5157 7921 6534 7600

Benin 335 384 398 420 528 424 407 416 384 345 365

Botswana 1742 1780 1878 2142 2536 2842 1948 2644 2712 2449 2510

Burkina Faso 64 69 107 160 233 232 319 216 166 175 166

Burundi 72 68 120 105 39 86 65 54 50 39 30

Cameroon 1840 1883 1486 1651 1768 1860 1671 1601 1832 1749 1700

Cape Verde 5 4 5 8 13 14 10 11 11 10 10

Central African Republic 107 110 151 171 147 154 151 146 161 142 160

Chad 182 131 148 243 238 237 262 202 183 189 180

Comoros 22 22 11 11 6 6 4 5 7 10 8

Congo 1183 1068 959 1172 1555 1668 1365 1560 2489 1875 2215

Congo, Dem. Rep. of 1246 1144 1256 1612 1652 1189 1180 933 760 940 1210

Côte d'Ivoire 2875 2519 2742 3806 4446 4451 4606 4661 3888 3943 4390

Djibouti 16 12 12 14 14 11 12 12 13 13 ...

Egypt 3063 3105 3476 3450 3539 3921 3130 3559 4689 4128 4381

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Table A4 ( continued )

World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Equatorial Guinea 58 75 66 127 232 497 439 709 1097 1837 2100

Eritrea 15 36 65 81 95 54 26 17 15 13 ...

Ethiopia 169 | 199 372 422 417 587 561 449 482 403 415

Gabon 2082 2295 2350 2713 3184 3024 1916 2394 2462 2700 2560

Gambia 57 67 35 16 21 15 27 12 16 12 15

Ghana 1252 974 1425 1724 1669 1635 1795 1720 1660 1570 1840

Guinea 517 561 516 583 637 630 693 636 666 731 750

Guinea-Bissau 6 28 33 24 28 48 27 51 62 63 51

Kenya 1339 1374 1587 1878 2067 2053 2008 1747 1734 1944 2094

Lesotho 109 133 143 160 187 196 194 172 220 282 395

Liberia 590 440 353 820 630 430 425 469 330 210 220

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 9942 8590 8954 8975 9903 9656 6659 7947 12687 11187 10970

Madagascar 327 335 450 507 509 516 538 584 824 925 785

Malawi 396 320 342 405 481 537 431 453 379 463 478

Mali 342 478 335 441 433 561 561 566 545 724 947

Mauritania 425 423 410 499 491 406 350 373 300 305 315

Mauritius 1302 1299 1347 1538 1802 1592 1645 1554 1557 1615 1755

Morocco 3973 3991 | 5556 6881 6881 7032 7153 7367 7432 7144 7930

Mozambique 139 132 157 168 217 222 230 263 364 703 682

Namibia 1341 1289 1321 1371 1357 1363 1232 1234 1320 1179 1096

Niger 333 287 225 286 325 272 334 287 283 270 303

Nigeria 11886 9908 9415 12342 16153 15207 9855 13856 20975 17261 15107

Rwanda 66 66 41 54 60 88 60 60 53 85 56

Sao Tome and Principe 5 5 8 5 4 5 5 4 3 4 5

Senegal 673 707 791 993 986 905 968 1027 920 966 1055

Seychelles 48 51 51 52 140 113 122 145 193 216 260

Sierra Leone 149 118 115 42 47 17 7 6 13 29 49

Somalia 118 117 136 145 150 157 127 119 140 145 ...

South Africa c 23440 24222 25308 27853 29221 31027 | 26362 26707 29983 29258 29723

Sudan 319 417 503 555 620 594 596 780 1807 1699 1850

Swaziland 639 680 781 956 892 961 970 937 905 809 820

Tanzania 416 450 519 682 784 753 589 543 663 776 875

Togo 275 136 328 | 378 441 424 393 391 363 389 429

Tunisia 4019 3802 4657 5475 5516 5559 5738 5872 5850 6621 6799

Uganda 142 179 409 460 587 555 501 519 460 456 442

Zambia 756 826 927 1040 1037 915 1032 1063 666 985 970

Zimbabwe 1445 1567 1884 2118 2406 2541 2111 1887 1925 1870 1760

Middle East 133400 125300 135900 150400 173400 180900 144500 186200 267200 244700 244300

Bahrain 3465 3726 3616 4112 4700 4384 3270 4363 6195 5577 5369

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 19868 18080 19434 18360 22391 18381 13118 21030 28345 23716 24440

Iraq 560 550 510 496 731 4600 5500 12800 20603 15905 13520

Israel 13119 14825 16884 19046 20610 22503 22993 25794 31404 29048 29513

Jordan 1215 1246 1424 1769 1816 1836 1802 1832 1897 2293 2743

Kuwait 6571 10248 11260 12785 14889 14224 9554 12164 19436 16203 15426

Lebanon 560 452 470 816 1020 643 662 677 715 870 1046

Oman 5428 5299 5545 6068 7346 7630 5508 7231 10852 11037 11172

Qatar 3841 3245 3213 3651 4447 5570 5030 7214 11594 10870 11032

Saudi Arabia 50280 42395 42614 50040 60729 60732 38822 50761 77583 73187 73940

Syrian Arab Republic 3093 3146 3047 3563 3999 3916 2890 3464 4634 5248 5540

United Arab Emirates 24756 21250 26922 27753 28085 34020 33835 36474 49835 47572 47275

Yemen 619 856 934 1945 2675 2504 1496 2440 4079 3215 3240

Asia a 980800 1064800 1228200 1446900 1464600 1543700 1448400 1546000 1831800 1671800 1803100

Afghanistan 131 106 168 156 173 201 209 167 186 113 101

Australia 42824 42723 47528 53111 60301 62910 55893 56080 63870 63387 65034

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Table A4 ( continued )

World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Bangladesh 2098 2545 2934 3733 4009 4840 5141 5458 6399 6085 6093

Bhutan 66 65 66 103 100 118 108 116 116 116 ...

Brunei Darussalam 2401 2167 2210 2402 2481 2467 2058 2551 2855 2796 2901

Cambodia 265 284 490 855 644 736 903 886 1264 1378 1500

China 84940 91744 121006 148780 151048 182792 183712 194931 249203 266098 325565

Fiji 443 450 572 619 748 622 512 609 584 538 499

Hong Kong, China 119586 135385 151465 173871 180914 188195 174864 174403 202683 191066 201150

domestic exports 30250 28831 28736 29946 27431 27306 24588 22381 23537 20273 18257

re-exports 89336 106554 122729 143925 153483 160889 150276 152022 179147 170793 182893

India 19628 21572 25022 30630 33105 35008 33437 35667 42379 43347 49251

Indonesia 33967 36823 40055 45417 49814 53443 48847 48665 62124 56447 57130

Japan 339885 362244 397005 443116 410901 420957 387927 419367 479249 403496 416726

Kiribati 5 3 5 7 5 6 6 6 17 28 26

Korea, Republic of 76632 82236 96013 125058 129715 136164 132313 143686 172268 150439 162470

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 133 241 301 311 323 359 370 311 330 331 298

Macao, China 1766 1787 1866 1997 1996 2148 2141 2200 2539 2300 2356

Malaysia 40772 47131 58844 73914 78327 78740 73305 84455 98229 88005 93265

Maldives 40 35 46 50 59 73 74 64 76 76 90

Mongolia 389 383 356 473 424 452 345 454 536 522 501

Myanmar 531 586 798 851 746 866 1065 1125 1620 2358 3015

Nepal 369 384 362 345 385 406 474 602 804 737 568

New Caledonia 409 359 366 515 486 528 402 395 635 501 464

New Zealand 9785 10542 12185 13645 14360 14221 12070 12455 13272 13723 14363

Pakistan 7351 6720 7400 8029 9365 8758 8514 8491 9028 9238 9913

Papua New Guinea 1927 2585 2632 2654 2529 2163 1772 1924 2096 1813 1550

Philippines 9751 11129 13304 17502 20408 24882 29414 36576 39783 32664 36265

Samoa 6 6 4 9 10 15 15 20 14 16 14

Singapore 63472 74012 96825 118268 125014 124985 109895 114680 137804 121751 125177

domestic exports 40750 46732 58332 69557 73466 72401 63381 68682 78703 66172 66837

re-exports 22722 27280 38493 48711 51548 52584 46514 45998 59101 55579 58340

Solomon Islands 102 129 142 168 162 175 126 126 69 47 51

Sri Lanka 2455 2859 3208 3798 4095 4639 4809 4594 5430 4816 4699

Taipei, Chinese 82036 85718 94078 113047 117326 123384 112401 123532 151410 125818 135065

Thailand 32472 36969 45261 56439 55721 57374 54456 58440 69057 65113 68853

Tonga 12 16 14 14 11 10 8 13 9 13 14

Tuvalu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Vanuatu 24 23 25 28 30 35 34 26 26 22 33

Viet Nam 2581 2985 4054 5449 7255 9185 9361 11540 14449 15100 16530

Memorandum items:

World excl. EU intra-exports a 2721000 2836000 3250000 3828000 4032000 4254000 4085000 4280000 4999000 4758000 4946000

Western Europe excl.

EU intra-exports 675880 674970 767710 915415 971160 991270 992535 984750 1062655 1078910 1148045

a Includes significant re-exports.b Beginning with 1992, series revised with IMF figures, and exclude transactions in certain oil and chemical products.c Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the South African Customs Union.Note: Breaks in the continuity of the va ue series for particu ar countries and regiona groupings are indicated by an 'I'.

They result from (i) changes in political boundaries; (ii) inclusion of the Baltic States and the CIS mutual trade beginning with 1994; and (iii) changes in the methods of collecting and reporting merchandise trade statistics. Details are in the Technical Notes. It should be noted that the World and Asia totals contain a significant element of double counting due to the use of the general system of recording merchandise trade statisticswhich includes re-exports. Recent figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat.

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Table A5

World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

World a 3882000 | 3874000 4426000 5278000 5535000 5725000 5664000 5901000 6697000 6452000 6693000

North America 683825 743070 844915 939900 997825 1100580 1151115 1280410 1504875 1407255 1430695

Canada 129262 139035 155072 168426 175158 200873 206066 220183 244786 227291 227463

United States 553923 603438 689215 770852 822025 899020 944353 1059440 1259300 1179180 1202430

Latin America 174900 | 191300 223700 252500 275500 327900 346100 332400 384800 376800 350400

Antigua and Barbuda 312 323 342 346 365 370 385 414 400 375 ...

Argentina 14872 16784 21527 20122 23762 30450 31404 25508 25280 20321 8988

Bahamas b 1038 954 1056 1243 1366 1666 1873 1772 1764 1738 1527

Barbados 524 577 615 771 833 996 1010 1108 1156 1087 1039

Belize 274 280 259 257 255 286 295 370 452 434 522

Bolivia 1090 1206 1209 1424 1635 1851 1983 1755 1830 1708 1770

Brazil 23068 27740 35997 53783 56947 64996 60600 51671 58573 58510 49720

Chile 10183 11134 11820 15900 17823 19662 19880 15988 18507 17814 17093

Colombia 6516 9831 11882 13853 13683 15378 14635 10659 11539 12834 12738

Costa Rica 2440 | 3515 3789 4036 4300 4924 6230 6320 6372 6564 7175

Cuba 1500 1500 2055 2825 3205 3987 4197 4365 4877 4838 4161

Dominica 105 94 96 117 129 124 136 141 147 130 116

Dominican Republic 3859 4654 4903 5170 5727 6609 7597 8041 9479 8784 8882

Ecuador 2431 2561 3622 4152 3934 4954 5576 3017 3721 5363 6431

El Salvador 1855 2145 2547 3329 3223 3739 3962 4095 4947 5027 5190

Grenada 107 118 119 124 152 173 200 202 239 212 216

Guatemala 2531 2599 2781 3292 3146 3851 4651 4382 4791 5607 6078

Guyana 442 484 506 527 597 630 600 550 660 583 563

Haiti 278 355 251 653 665 648 797 1025 1036 1013 1130

Honduras 1037 1130 1056 1642 1839 2149 2535 2676 2885 2918 2940

Jamaica 1676 2132 2224 2818 2965 3132 3035 2899 3326 3360 3500

Mexico 65050 68439 83075 75858 93674 114846 130948 146084 179464 173040 173087

Netherlands Antilles 1869 1947 1758 1841 2519 2083 2062 1745 2461 2353 2200

Nicaragua 855 744 874 993 1154 1450 1492 1862 1805 1779 1795

Panama 2024 2188 2404 2510 2779 3002 3398 3516 3379 2964 2982

Paraguay 1422 1689 2370 3144 3204 3403 2897 1906 2193 2182 1770

Peru 3964 4231 5626 7584 7947 8588 8220 7404 7415 7316 7523

Saint Kitts and Nevis 95 118 128 133 149 147 150 153 196 189 223

Saint Lucia 313 300 303 307 304 332 328 355 355 276 254

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 132 134 130 135 131 188 193 201 163 186 174

Suriname 542 525 423 585 501 658 552 486 526 530 590

Trinidad and Tobago 1436 1463 1134 1724 2204 3059 3012 2744 3308 3932 4040

Uruguay 2045 2325 2786 2867 3323 3727 3811 3357 3466 3061 1964

Venezuela 14065 12510 9187 12649 9880 14606 15817 14064 16213 18022 11834

Western Europe 1793735 | 1621730 1832670 2229770 2294535 2286515 2413295 2453620 2615155 2555790 2658865

Austria 54112 | 49126 55233 66237 68505 65739 69504 71319 72395 74635 77984

Belgium - - - - - - - 164807 177514 178670 197395

Belgium-Luxembourg 125047 | 118021 133127 164934 167914 161930 168995 - - - -

Bosnia and Herzegovina 360 365 894 1082 1882 2333 2610 3305 3105 3239 3425

Croatia 4500 4666 5229 7510 7788 9104 8384 7799 7887 9147 10714

Cyprus 3313 2533 3017 3690 3979 3655 3685 3618 3846 3938 4083

Denmark 35714 | 31309 36691 45939 45291 44902 46873 45753 45558 45323 49381

Finland 21208 | 18034 23275 29470 31422 31611 32960 32114 34443 32640 33577

France 239638 | 217351 246001 289391 | 294560 285027 307771 315743 338944 328619 329322

FYR Macedonia 1206 1199 1484 1719 1627 1779 1915 1796 2085 1688 1921

Germany 408619 | 342611 381388 463872 459098 445731 471474 474038 497204 486136 493712

Greece 23220 | 22013 21507 25898 28238 26919 30293 30528 32297 28218 31273

Iceland 1684 1349 1472 1756 2031 1992 2489 2503 2591 2253 2265

Ireland 22477 | 21161 25612 32340 34320 37748 43191 46768 51042 50558 51906

Italy 188451 | 148095 169166 205990 208263 210132 218465 220633 238760 232910 242957

Luxembourg - - - - - - - 11218 11278 12332 13153

Malta 2331 2174 2447 2890 2801 2552 2668 2846 3399 2725 2824

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Table A5 ( continued )

World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Netherlands 134650 | 126270 150337 185232 190923 190731 195639 206158 218270 208645 219788

Norway 25905 23956 27307 32968 35615 35708 37478 34173 34358 32956 34812

Portugal 29581 | 24212 27061 32610 35202 35055 38435 39973 39953 39456 38451

Serbia and Montenegro 4634 550 750 900 4102 4799 4820 3296 3711 4837 6320

Slovenia 6142 6529 7304 9492 9423 9357 10110 9952 10107 10144 10937

Spain 99758 | 77525 88863 113537 121221 115670 136662 135343 156145 154655 154701

Sweden 50017 | 42713 55458 65036 66930 65596 68403 68579 72881 63202 66219

Switzerland 65723 60828 67997 80152 79264 75960 80094 79857 83584 84102 83672

Turkey 22872 29174 23270 35709 43627 48559 45921 40671 54503 41399 49663

United Kingdom 221551 | 209318 234076 267250 287332 307518 321231 324893 343781 333014 345321

European Union (15) 1654045 | 1487610 1690635 2050935 2101330 2089635 2212010 2262500 2404575 2357755 2446670

Extra-EU imports 606471 544180 611805 713196 737744 762719 796577 831121 954495 920667 933095

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS 99980 | 109565 | 153890 197075 | 230730 246990 | 241200 212635 242325 269005 299230

Albania 230 520 680 800 940 640 830 1140 1091 1331 1516

Armenia ... ... 395 675 855 890 900 800 882 874 991

Azerbaijan ... ... 895 805 1210 1360 1650 1036 1172 1431 1665

Belarus ... ... 3065 5565 6940 8690 8550 6674 8646 8141 8980

Bulgaria 4220 4900 4585 5660 5075 4930 4949 5453 6505 7263 7897

Czech Republic c 12880 | 14615 17310 25085 | 27800 27105 28340 28151 32240 36505 40756

Estonia ... ... 1655 2545 3224 4429 4613 4094 5052 5230 5863

Georgia ... ... 340 390 685 940 885 602 651 684 725

Hungary 11080 12530 14555 15465 | 18145 21235 25705 28008 32079 33682 37612

Kazakhstan ... ... 3560 3805 4240 4300 4314 3655 5040 6446 6491

Kyrgyz Republic ... ... 315 520 840 710 840 600 554 468 589

Latvia ... ... 1240 | 1815 2320 2720 3190 2945 3187 3504 4053

Lithuania ... ... 2350 | 3650 4560 5645 5795 4835 5457 6353 7739

Moldova ... ... 660 840 1070 1170 1018 585 775 895 1052

Poland 18540 20180 22680 29050 37135 42310 | 47055 45903 48940 50275 55113

Romania 6260 6525 7110 10280 11435 11280 11821 10392 13055 15561 17857

Russian Federation d 33100 32220 | 50520 60945 68830 73615 | 58015 39537 44862 53764 60520

Slovak Republic c 6670 6325 6610 8770 11125 | 11725 13075 11131 12774 14763 16492

Tajikistan ... ... 545 810 670 750 710 663 675 688 715

Turkmenistan ... ... 1470 1365 1315 1230 980 1478 1786 2250 2453

Ukraine ... ... 10745 | 15485 17605 17130 14675 11845 13955 15775 16993

Uzbekistan ... ... 2605 2750 4710 4185 3290 3110 2945 3121 3160

Central and Eastern Europe 59880 | 65595 73530 95110 | 111655 119225 | 131775 130180 146685 159380 177245

Africa 100700 98500 | 106200 126600 125200 132500 | 133000 127700 129600 132100 135100

Algeria 8550 8785 9370 10250 8840 8688 9403 9162 9152 9700 10791

Angola 1988 1463 1454 1468 2040 2597 2079 3109 3040 3179 3795

Benin 578 571 431 746 654 681 736 749 613 602 653

Botswana 1861 1771 1640 1911 1723 2258 2387 2215 2469 1809 1950

Burkina Faso 466 509 349 455 647 587 732 568 491 553 577

Burundi 221 196 224 234 127 121 158 118 148 139 129

Cameroon 1163 1102 1083 1199 1227 1359 1495 1318 1489 1852 1796

Cape Verde 180 154 209 252 234 235 230 262 237 248 270

Central African Republic 145 125 139 175 141 145 146 131 117 107 110

Chad 243 200 177 365 332 334 356 316 317 620 780

Comoros 69 59 53 63 57 55 47 80 72 105 130

Congo 451 581 631 670 1400 926 680 821 780 830 850

Congo, Dem. Rep. of 935 614 667 997 1403 1133 1230 1108 1035 702 980

Côte d'Ivoire 2352 2115 1917 2931 2902 2781 2991 3252 2785 2633 3075

Djibouti 219 211 196 177 179 148 158 153 165 160 ...

Egypt 8325 8214 10219 11760 13038 13211 16166 16022 14010 12756 12552

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Table A5 ( continued )

World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Equatorial Guinea 92 59 37 121 292 358 317 425 451 500 725

Eritrea 278 275 396 404 514 495 356 329 265 347 ...

Ethiopia 839 | 787 1033 1145 1401 1113 1459 1386 1260 1810 1594

Gabon 700 845 756 882 957 1104 1103 841 994 1060 1080

Gambia 218 260 212 182 258 278 245 192 189 230 225

Ghana 2169 2575 2108 1906 2108 2326 2563 3480 2973 2480 2790

Guinea 740 730 706 819 648 620 692 556 612 601 620

Guinea-Bissau 96 61 164 133 87 89 68 69 59 75 82

Kenya 1841 1774 2091 2991 2949 3279 3197 2832 3105 3192 3277

Lesotho 899 870 848 985 999 1025 863 781 728 681 779

Liberia 375 410 405 510 555 610 470 520 655 600 675

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 5165 5551 5548 5392 5873 6123 5466 3861 3751 4458 5700

Madagascar 471 514 546 628 629 694 693 742 997 1165 1150

Malawi 735 546 497 475 624 781 515 673 532 530 674

Mali 608 634 589 772 772 739 761 824 806 976 928

Mauritania 407 445 362 494 463 438 359 305 340 365 440

Mauritius 1625 1715 1930 1976 2289 2189 2073 2247 2093 1993 2168

Morocco 7348 6732 | 8272 10023 9704 9525 10290 9925 11534 11038 11644

Mozambique 855 955 1019 704 759 739 790 1139 1158 1063 1340

Namibia 1283 1188 1196 1426 1553 1642 1648 1610 1550 1547 1450

Niger 479 375 328 373 448 391 471 394 393 370 430

Nigeria 8275 7508 6613 8222 6438 9501 9211 8588 8721 11586 7547

Rwanda 288 332 236 236 258 297 285 253 213 250 203

Sao Tome and Principe 29 32 30 29 22 16 24 22 22 23 25

Senegal 1034 1087 1022 1412 1436 1447 1455 1564 1519 1475 1560

Seychelles 192 238 206 233 379 340 384 434 342 523 340

Sierra Leone 146 147 150 133 211 93 95 81 149 182 264

Somalia 65 263 269 193 170 135 165 180 220 200 ...

South Africa e 19738 19991 23363 30546 30182 32998 | 29242 26696 29695 28248 29267

Sudan 820 944 1227 1218 1547 1580 1925 1415 1553 1586 1790

Swaziland 866 873 927 1104 1174 1192 1190 1068 1040 882 925

Tanzania 1510 1497 1504 1675 1388 1337 1453 1556 1524 1712 1687

Togo 394 179 222 | 594 664 645 588 597 541 590 650

Tunisia 6431 6214 6580 7902 7700 7914 8350 8474 8567 9502 9527

Uganda 505 535 875 1056 1191 1316 1416 1342 1536 1594 1710

Zambia 795 809 594 700 835 819 1100 822 993 1307 1270

Zimbabwe 2203 1819 2241 2660 2803 3092 2701 2126 1600 1375 1440

Middle East 128900 124700 117100 129600 138600 145900 141000 140000 157100 166600 177800

Bahrain 4263 3858 3747 3716 4273 4026 3566 3698 4633 4306 4632

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 25860 21427 13774 13882 16274 14196 14323 12683 14296 17938 22190

Iraq 870 700 620 665 950 4000 4400 6900 11153 11000 12000

Israel 20261 22623 25237 29578 31620 30781 29342 33166 37686 35449 35517

Jordan 3255 3539 3381 3697 4293 4102 3828 3717 4597 4844 4962

Kuwait 7261 7036 6697 7790 8373 8246 8619 7617 7157 7869 8960

Lebanon 4202 4821 5933 7278 7575 7464 7070 6207 6230 7293 6447

Oman 3769 4114 3914 4247 4578 5026 5682 4674 5040 5798 6005

Qatar 2015 1891 1927 3398 2868 3322 3409 2500 3252 3758 4800

Saudi Arabia 33698 28198 23338 28091 27744 28732 30013 28011 30238 31223 32310

Syrian Arab Republic 3490 4139 5467 4709 5380 4028 3895 3832 3815 4752 5220

United Arab Emirates 17410 19520 21024 20984 22638 29951 24728 24972 26717 30075 32180

Yemen 2587 2821 2087 1582 2038 2014 2167 2008 2324 2310 2590

Asia a 900400 985400 1147800 1402900 1472900 1484300 1238200 1354400 1662900 1544800 1640900

Afghanistan 411 419 375 368 500 436 373 411 550 551 950

Australia 43807 45577 53425 61283 65427 65892 64630 69158 71529 63888 72689

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Table A5 ( continued )

World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Bangladesh 3732 3994 4602 6502 6621 6898 6974 7694 8360 8350 7914

Bhutan 125 90 92 112 128 137 134 182 180 180 ...

Brunei Darussalam 1482 1822 1854 2091 2494 2203 1552 1397 1505 1267 1640

Cambodia 443 471 744 1187 1072 1064 1149 1239 1628 1725 1989

China 80585 103959 115615 132084 138833 142370 140237 165699 225094 243553 295203

Fiji 630 720 842 892 987 965 722 903 825 794 825

Hong Kong, China a 127340 141308 165878 196072 201284 213297 186759 180711 214042 202008 207168

retained imports 38004 34754 43149 52147 47801 52408 36483 28689 34895 31215 24275

India 23579 22788 26843 34707 37942 41432 42980 46979 51523 50392 56595

Indonesia 27280 28328 31983 40630 42929 41694 27337 24004 33515 31010 31288

Japan 233246 241624 275235 335882 349152 338754 280484 311262 379511 349089 337194

Kiribati 37 28 26 35 38 39 32 33 37 31 65

Korea, Republic of 81775 83800 102348 135119 150339 144616 93282 119752 160481 141098 152126

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 270 432 564 589 690 706 553 525 535 528 431

Macao, China 1968 2025 2001 2042 2000 2082 1955 2040 2255 2386 2530

Malaysia 39855 45650 59600 77691 78418 79030 58319 64966 81963 73866 79869

Maldives 189 191 222 268 302 349 354 402 389 395 392

Mongolia 418 379 258 415 451 468 503 513 615 638 659

Myanmar 651 814 886 1335 1358 2037 2666 2300 2371 2849 2324

Nepal 776 890 1155 1333 1398 1693 1246 1422 1573 1473 1419

New Caledonia 917 858 876 912 995 915 854 1008 1017 1158 1419

New Zealand 9201 9636 11913 13957 14724 14519 12495 14299 13906 13347 15077

Pakistan 9423 9545 8931 11515 12189 11650 9330 10297 11293 10191 11233

Papua New Guinea 1485 1299 1522 1452 1741 1711 1240 1233 1151 1073 1100

Philippines 15465 18772 22641 28341 34126 38622 31496 32568 33808 31358 35229

Samoa 110 105 81 95 100 97 97 115 106 130 113

Singapore a 72171 85234 102670 124507 131338 132437 101732 111060 134545 116000 116441

retained imports 49449 57954 64177 75796 79790 79853 55218 65062 75444 60421 58101

Solomon Islands 112 137 139 154 151 158 128 110 92 82 65

Sri Lanka 3500 4005 4767 5306 5442 5864 5905 5961 7177 5973 6104

Taipei, Chinese 72209 77112 85484 103558 102525 114138 104722 110828 139865 107043 112602

Thailand 40686 46077 54459 70786 72332 62854 42971 50342 61924 62058 64721

Tonga 63 61 69 77 75 73 69 73 70 74 91

Tuvalu 5 7 8 9 8 6 6 5 6 7 ...

Vanuatu 82 78 89 95 98 94 88 96 89 93 73

Viet Nam 2541 3532 5826 8155 11144 11592 11500 11742 15638 15999 19000

Memorandum items

World excl. EU intra-imports a 2835000 2931000 3348000 3941000 4172000 4398000 4248000 4470000 5247000 5015000 5179000

Western Europe excl.

EU intra-imports 746160 678300 753840 892030 930950 959600 997865 1022240 1165075 1118700 1145290

a Includes significant imports for re-export.b Beginning with 1992, series revised with IMF figures, and exclude transactions in certain oil and chemical products.c Imports are valued f.o.b.d Imports are valued f.o.b. for 1992, 1993 and 1998 onwards.e Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the South African Customs Union.Note: Breaks in the continuity of the value series for particular countries and regional groupings are indicated by an 'I'.

They result from (ii) changes in political boundaries; (ii) inclusion of the Baltic States and the CIS mutual trade beginning with 1994; and (iii) changes in the methods of collecting and reporting merchandise trade statistics. Details are in the Technical Notes.It should be noted that the World and Asia totals contain a significant element of double counting due to the use of the general system of recording merchandise trade statistics which includes imports for re-exports. Recent figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat.

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Table A6

World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

World 924200 941800 1037800 1188900 1274700 1326700 1340500 1391100 1475700 1478100 1570100

North America 178700 187100 203900 223300 244500 263000 270900 293900 315800 306200 308900

Canada 20030 21211 23210 25425 28601 30724 33040 35229 38484 37097 36272United States 158707 165871 180645 197839 215928 232285 237907 258638 277324 269114 272630

Latin America 34600 36600 41200 44100 46000 49500 52700 53800 59700 58200 56200

Antigua and Barbuda 329 374 391 348 363 402 424 430 409 395 ...Argentina 2857 2932 3216 3669 4191 4348 4553 4394 4544 4152 2799Aruba 559 588 605 626 751 799 877 972 1015 1025 1029Bahamas 1361 1434 1490 1523 1558 1573 1517 1789 2009 1861 1905Barbados 591 663 785 844 901 933 995 997 1055 1049 ...Belize 108 116 109 117 125 124 122 141 152 164 ...Bolivia 150 165 177 174 167 232 235 243 207 221 220Brazil 4002 3911 4817 6005 4453 5488 7083 6873 8961 8718 8844Chile 2285 2441 2764 3249 3439 3758 3717 3506 3637 3730 3598Colombia 1932 2457 1522 1641 2133 2096 1891 1876 1980 2112 1780Costa Rica 808 1005 1163 957 1042 1116 1329 1638 1875 2025 ...Cuba 743 832 1160 1419 1825 1967 2111 2583 2673 2571 ...Dominica 41 48 51 61 67 80 84 97 87 74 ...Dominican Republic 1337 1491 1737 1894 2078 2373 2421 2767 3143 3024 2966Ecuador 584 603 640 687 640 639 631 681 793 848 917El Salvador 338 291 338 342 318 460 576 620 673 1052 816Grenada 75 87 100 98 105 105 116 141 147 129 120Guatemala 580 625 659 628 533 542 581 653 702 948 1048Guyana 102 112 117 130 145 148 142 147 ... ... ...Haiti 33 26 7 98 104 172 178 186 151 140 143Honduras 186 191 207 221 277 328 332 427 429 426 ...Jamaica 1060 1211 1452 1568 1574 1672 1743 1949 1988 1871 1863Mexico 8150 8296 10075 9585 10516 10996 11535 11608 13563 12547 12474Netherlands Antilles 1302 1323 1382 1465 1378 1391 1495 1452 1601 1621 1694Nicaragua 51 72 93 120 145 185 220 253 269 282 270Panama 1029 1071 1172 1298 1390 1515 1703 1693 1806 1791 2254Paraguay 350 424 411 566 581 634 606 554 596 518 506Peru 753 743 950 1042 1322 1459 1672 1483 1469 1378 1416Saint Kitts and Nevis 79 83 92 80 87 93 103 97 95 100 ...Saint Lucia 191 203 237 264 266 287 313 320 339 304 213Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 56 61 61 72 96 98 106 124 124 129 127Suriname 36 45 70 101 96 85 67 73 85 56 ...Trinidad and Tobago 444 343 317 331 447 535 574 592 543 ... ...Uruguay 822 1020 1324 1309 1388 1413 1309 1235 1249 1099 752Venezuela 1206 1230 1454 1529 1448 1364 1301 1125 1051 1100 ...

Western Europe 480900 462600 497000 568100 596000 609000 652700 669100 683300 698700 763300

Austria 26914 26326 27494 31692 33425 29214 29225 30865 31060 33001 34864Belgium - - - - - - - - - - 34857Belgium-Luxembourg 29233 28911 35392 33619 33064 34097 36688 44073 48556 48970 -Bosnia and Herzegovina ... ... ... ... ... ... 338 317 290 301 300Croatia ... 2216 2660 2223 3193 3984 3949 3707 4081 4873 5549Cyprus 2217 2045 2398 2715 2609 2544 2657 2898 2937 3080 I 4154Denmark 14034 12479 13578 15171 16341 14044 15212 20090 24385 26956 25467Finland 4560 4331 5415 7334 7060 6569 6632 6457 6118 5775 6091France 74536 73796 74688 83108 82585 79914 84164 81742 80330 80001 85912FYR Macedonia ... ... ... ... 151 127 130 227 281 189 212Germany 58758 56575 59011 75182 79346 79210 81382 83203 82140 83225 99621Greece 8641 8153 9142 9528 9262 9224 I 10068 I 16464 19181 19384 20125Iceland 455 502 527 586 653 724 840 837 937 1009 1050Ireland 3850 3574 4145 4799 5562 6046 I 16504 15360 ... 23267 28134Italy 57662 51745 53170 61173 64913 66409 66621 58018 55998 57098 59374Luxembourg - - - - - - - - - - 20141Malta 862 892 975 1025 1052 1089 1157 1199 1091 1083 1069Netherlands 37436 37055 40486 44646 46219 47727 48570 48021 45183 50083 54098Norway 12450 11900 11915 13458 14600 15503 15379 15702 17134 17713 19116Portugal 5433 6795 6701 8161 7964 7922 8735 8565 8369 8711 9720Serbia and Montenegro ... ... ... ... 688 818 914 471 624 759 809Slovenia 1219 1391 1805 2016 2129 2035 2022 1872 1882 1956 2287Spain 33535 30085 33465 39760 43985 43828 48977 53069 53199 57843 62109Sweden 15878 12298 13383 15336 16669 17505 17675 19691 20014 21758 22465Switzerland 20327 20755 21898 25041 25339 24481 25792 27337 27630 26100 27898Turkey 9262 10518 10723 14475 13274 19730 23719 16671 20177 15913 14730United Kingdom 61418 59827 67547 76536 85507 95857 105361 112220 115030 109624 123130

European Union (15) 431900 411900 443600 506000 531900 537600 575800 597800 606200 625700 686100Extra-EU exports a 190400 181000 193400 221500 237300 250500 262100 266000 269300 279000 ...

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Table A6 (continued)

World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS ... ... ... ... ... ... 53000 45700 50400 54000 59700

Albania 19 73 79 94 123 52 83 253 429 495 552Armenia ... 17 12 27 75 97 118 129 130 179 ...Azerbaijan ... ... ... 166 139 332 320 237 234 256 321Belarus ... 185 251 466 907 919 919 745 1004 995 ...Bulgaria 1070 1171 1257 1431 1366 1307 1766 1758 2129 2383 2553Czech Republic - 4679 5120 6638 8071 7033 7518 6928 6751 7034 7027Czech and Slovak Fed. Rep., former 3952 - - - - - - - - - -Estonia 200 327 508 868 1100 1314 1476 1486 1495 1634 1970Georgia ... ... ... ... ... 188 354 217 206 299 335Hungary 3213 2769 3046 5122 5920 5684 5881 5607 6186 7627 7726Kazakhstan ... ... ... 535 674 842 904 933 986 1167 1432Kyrgyz Republic ... 9 33 39 32 40 58 60 57 72 ...Latvia 290 529 651 718 1121 1027 1103 1020 1193 1171 1235Lithuania ... 198 322 482 786 1020 1096 1083 1052 1147 1451Moldova ... ... 33 143 103 163 148 125 155 157 200Poland 4773 4201 6655 10637 9700 8898 10810 8331 10385 9747 10103Romania 659 799 1023 1476 1552 1499 1201 1340 1720 2007 2324Russian Federation ... ... 8425 10568 13283 14079 12375 9071 9565 10559 12882Slovak Republic - 1939 2221 2378 2060 2151 2275 1886 2218 2463 2757Ukraine ... ... 2747 2846 4799 4937 3922 3869 3800 3897 4583

Africa 21800 21900 22500 25700 28000 28500 27600 30200 30200 30400 31000

Algeria 777 627 585 793 763 1070 740 720 910 910 ...Angola 95 89 150 113 226 139 122 153 267 203 ...Benin 125 116 114 160 123 102 127 155 126 133 ...Botswana 169 174 175 236 145 187 241 346 324 338 ...Burundi 7 7 6 4 5 3 3 2 2 2 ...Cameroon 387 363 309 242 309 355 359 377 371 ... ...Cape Verde 30 34 39 58 65 79 75 96 104 120 144Central African Republic 16 17 ... 15 13 12 9 13 9 9 ...Congo 54 40 49 62 60 86 112 139 130 137 158Côte d'Ivoire 479 483 419 426 473 502 533 507 415 510 506Djibouti 34 38 33 28 ... ... ... 73 75 ... ...Egypt 7054 7076 7693 8262 9079 9096 7832 9276 9687 8815 8959Eritrea - 103 80 91 105 150 82 46 61 128 133Ethiopia 224 250 266 310 321 318 308 392 387 391 450Gabon 312 286 200 191 205 205 194 249 171 151 ...Gambia 67 65 76 38 88 97 ... ... ... ... ...Ghana 109 133 136 139 144 152 427 454 490 515 ...Guinea 84 46 14 17 63 70 66 36 27 72 43Kenya 748 761 815 851 789 716 631 721 727 791 808Lesotho 33 29 30 30 34 79 46 37 36 35 ...Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 68 31 23 20 17 17 31 50 ... ... ...Madagascar 143 153 183 219 254 243 264 290 314 ... ...Malawi 29 30 22 24 37 39 32 49 44 47 ...Mali 64 62 51 68 66 62 64 85 83 81 ...Mauritania 10 15 17 19 24 25 24 27 31 37 ...Mauritius 573 561 629 773 955 889 911 1030 1066 1218 1130Morocco 1968 1857 1877 2020 2433 2203 2558 2803 2854 3787 4092Mozambique 165 180 191 242 253 279 286 295 325 249 448Namibia 150 212 245 301 325 367 315 ... ... ... ...Nigeria 1053 1163 371 608 733 786 884 980 ... ... ...Rwanda 20 21 ... 11 13 34 32 37 41 45 48Senegal 336 268 309 364 315 329 366 351 330 345 ...Seychelles 182 197 188 207 223 245 237 260 256 270 ...Sierra Leone 36 45 86 71 46 20 13 18 ... ... ...South Africa 3211 3120 3556 4413 4807 5150 5098 4905 4737 4403 4391Sudan 135 39 44 82 37 30 14 82 I 24 14 46Swaziland 94 87 110 150 98 90 87 92 105 83 ...Tanzania 170 311 411 566 602 470 534 624 615 666 655Togo 93 55 52 64 102 78 65 54 46 53 ...Tunisia 1887 1953 2174 2401 2527 2518 2607 2769 2680 2829 2603Uganda 35 94 64 104 145 165 176 188 205 213 ...Zambia ... ... ... ... ... 112 102 107 114 ... ...Zimbabwe 277 345 354 469 602 663 646 637 345 480 567

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Table A6 (continued)

World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Middle East ... ... ... ... ... ... 25500 28000 33100 29900 29500

Bahrain 543 652 819 683 666 637 725 859 934 950 ...Iran, Islamic Rep. of 457 1048 410 533 743 1018 1380 977 1357 2203 ...Israel 5780 5940 6549 7739 8006 8456 9369 11347 15100 11949 10369Jordan 1435 1560 1543 1689 1830 1717 1810 1689 1599 1391 1503Kuwait 1269 1027 1189 1143 1263 1507 1496 1298 1571 1523 1488Oman 13 13 13 13 237 268 369 401 424 349 ...Saudi Arabia 3467 3283 3347 3480 2772 4257 4730 5380 4785 5014 5184Syrian Arab Republic 1085 1383 1616 1632 1540 1344 1422 1415 1481 ... ...Yemen 120 135 104 141 147 168 133 141 174 133 ...

Asia 165200 187400 221200 262100 286100 300400 258000 270500 303300 300700 321600

Australia 10854 11611 13767 15741 18106 18058 15830 17006 18054 15957 16749Bangladesh 393 435 419 469 223 267 252 266 283 243 ...Bhutan 23 25 20 15 17 17 21 22 30 73 ...Cambodia 50 59 45 103 152 150 99 195 240 253 ...China 9108 10992 16354 18430 20567 24504 23879 26165 30146 32901 39381Fiji 413 438 489 524 566 616 472 505 373 385 ...Hong Kong, China 24290 27690 31142 34338 38295 38514 35083 35926 40692 41428 45159India 4893 5034 6031 6763 7179 8926 11067 14006 17670 21011 23520Indonesia 3391 3878 4680 5342 6462 6792 4340 4453 5060 5361 5369Japan 47622 51611 56776 63966 66375 68137 61795 60313 68303 63671 64909Korea, Republic of 10479 12479 16233 22133 22648 25439 24828 25766 29746 28103 27081Lao People's Dem. Rep. 36 55 56 68 79 78 116 101 134 127 ...Macao, China 2245 2479 2723 3154 3252 3163 2845 2710 3280 3768 4349Malaysia 4880 6294 9200 11438 14966 15569 11400 11800 13812 14331 14753Maldives 153 158 195 230 286 309 329 340 345 351 353Mongolia 29 25 35 47 43 50 75 73 74 82 ...Myanmar 102 232 256 350 417 508 611 491 453 401 ...Nepal 210 284 527 592 680 795 433 454 410 303 ...New Zealand 2580 2804 3599 4400 4441 3998 3646 4322 4347 4285 5236Pakistan 1294 1330 1444 1432 1546 1446 1303 1264 1284 1302 ...Papua New Guinea 329 307 235 321 432 397 318 248 243 285 ...Philippines 4565 4617 6749 9323 12929 15130 I 7465 I 4778 3935 3112 3029Samoa 33 33 40 53 62 59 58 47 47 ... ...Singapore 16102 18498 22939 29556 29741 30778 18028 23609 26682 26092 26946Solomon Islands 29 36 42 35 47 64 52 51 44 47 14Sri Lanka 602 619 729 800 741 850 892 940 915 1344 1270Taipei, Chinese 10140 13229 13115 14927 16154 17021 16660 17135 19832 19363 21107Thailand 9162 10877 11425 14652 16704 15619 13074 14542 13785 12932 15232Tonga 13 12 14 23 30 31 23 20 14 16 21Vanuatu 65 64 70 75 85 81 108 106 118 112 ...Viet Nam 724 772 1283 2147 2243 2530 2616 2493 2702 2810 ...

Memorandum items:World excl. EU intra-exports a 682700 710800 787600 904400 980100 1039700 1026800 1059300 1138800 1131400 ...Western Europe excl.

EU intra-exports a 239400 231600 246800 283600 301400 322000 339000 337300 346300 352000 ...

a See the Technical Notes for estimation of intra and extra-EU trade.Note: Due to frequent revisions to the services data, there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the data series at the country and regional levels. See the Technical Notes.

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Table A7

World imports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

World 939100 953100 1037000 1190900 1261700 1302600 1326800 1376800 1460900 1469600 1545500

North America 132500 140000 150900 160200 172800 188000 201700 221100 248500 244900 247500

Canada 30080 31873 32088 32985 35422 37528 37671 40060 43334 42926 41932United States 102393 108159 118832 127250 137388 150459 164073 181006 205153 202018 205580

Latin America 42500 47900 52000 54200 55900 63700 66300 63800 70700 71200 64900

Antigua and Barbuda 121 124 128 140 153 160 166 171 145 144 ...Argentina 5272 6162 6886 6967 7564 8581 8921 8431 8752 8176 4419Aruba 129 137 198 207 483 557 528 685 654 634 633Bahamas 475 531 593 605 669 790 939 904 950 862 892Barbados 194 249 299 347 365 389 409 433 460 471 ...Belize 71 82 86 88 88 87 94 100 114 108 ...Bolivia 290 299 314 321 337 401 423 436 451 485 500Brazil 6609 9156 9836 13161 12200 14447 15743 13357 15574 15825 13631Chile 2420 2626 2869 3524 3515 3901 4241 4420 4472 4669 4570Colombia 1959 2246 2581 2824 3325 3596 3353 3082 3256 3538 3236Costa Rica 700 801 846 895 1019 975 1099 1192 1275 1262 ...Cuba 375 355 497 574 469 468 131 412 194 265 ...Dominica 30 33 33 40 43 49 47 53 47 48 ...Dominican Republic 546 815 911 957 1100 1160 1300 1224 1340 1249 1241Ecuador 888 1061 1072 1141 1071 1198 1208 1141 1225 1390 1505El Salvador 349 370 409 488 481 615 723 801 912 1062 1041Grenada 33 36 39 37 44 54 63 75 80 67 65Guatemala 500 548 602 672 638 627 759 760 786 891 996Guyana 131 141 157 168 167 171 174 178 ... ... ...Haiti 35 30 64 236 241 321 370 394 443 388 448Honduras 236 288 304 326 326 359 437 491 609 639 ...Jamaica 674 785 923 1073 1118 1196 1258 1286 1410 1485 1539Mexico 11642 11771 12391 9021 9994 11831 12573 14062 16720 16520 17030Netherlands Antilles 603 588 665 563 624 575 611 662 787 820 872Nicaragua 116 106 159 207 239 227 253 319 327 336 315Panama 886 942 1030 1049 1001 1247 1180 1099 1098 1098 1204Paraguay 391 510 569 676 624 630 549 463 406 363 294Peru 1331 1330 1486 1795 1990 2235 2301 2151 2247 2168 2296Saint Kitts and Nevis 38 44 43 51 58 61 58 81 71 67 ...Saint Lucia 85 85 98 118 113 114 121 128 118 101 85Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 41 43 49 53 55 72 74 62 57 55 56Suriname 154 92 99 146 144 174 174 136 177 164 ...Trinidad and Tobago 545 455 424 223 199 232 235 253 363 ... ...Uruguay 516 711 821 814 795 840 831 760 842 768 619Venezuela 4106 4361 4525 4654 4625 5353 4916 3563 4073 4442 ...

Western Europe 449900 427200 460900 531800 554700 558600 610100 631700 641600 658700 716000

Austria 17844 19081 20594 27552 29195 28431 27271 29306 29573 31390 34441Belgium - - - - - - - - - - 34875Belgium-Luxembourg 28368 27457 33550 32511 31419 31437 34095 38815 41444 42856 -Bosnia and Herzegovina ... ... ... ... ... ... 193 213 185 189 228Croatia ... 1088 1190 1327 1661 2238 1850 2055 1789 1917 2396Cyprus 871 753 847 1088 1143 1082 1111 1125 1138 1163 I 2157Denmark 10665 10402 11997 13945 14642 13727 15779 18517 22082 23529 23586Finland 7424 6469 7094 9418 8612 8039 7643 7491 8323 7994 8320France 54572 55737 56177 64523 65617 62597 66432 63491 59936 61781 68171FYR Macedonia ... ... ... ... 300 266 297 316 350 331 353Germany 97864 95710 104091 125308 128061 124236 129560 137530 134055 137156 149107Greece 3436 3187 3420 4003 3830 4196 I 4976 I 8831 10918 11189 10306Iceland 582 588 567 630 728 788 947 1011 1149 1058 1107Ireland 7050 6724 8404 11252 13416 15158 I 29459 26577 ... 35281 40393Italy 57962 48730 48075 54613 57030 58944 62887 56240 54632 56087 61485Luxembourg - - - - - - - - - - 13569Malta 564 588 668 733 738 692 767 806 849 686 715Netherlands 37799 37241 40316 43618 44127 44315 46252 48134 49973 52195 55745Norway 12103 11386 11905 13052 13312 14112 14662 14732 14306 15005 16459Portugal 4486 5258 5255 6339 6359 6293 6623 6555 6361 6161 6589Serbia and Montenegro ... ... ... ... 277 362 421 243 293 323 537Slovenia 1034 1010 1148 1429 1480 1391 1509 1506 1423 1442 1720Spain 20249 17594 17906 20971 23521 23903 27038 30101 30950 33709 37620Sweden 18976 13255 14594 17112 18651 19427 21620 22511 23368 22920 23110Switzerland 11807 11432 12645 14899 15557 13979 14952 15765 15461 15159 15318Turkey 3277 3591 3418 4654 6381 8577 9954 8895 8532 6464 6250United Kingdom 50879 49457 56522 62262 68398 74157 83760 90954 95860 92689 101408

European Union (15) 417600 396300 428000 493400 512900 514900 563400 585100 596200 614900 668700Extra-EU imports a 175800 168500 180800 205900 222200 233600 253200 257300 263100 268600 ...

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Table A7 (continued)

World imports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS ... ... ... ... ... ... 47300 43600 50300 56200 65100

Albania 87 158 128 98 134 93 119 152 413 422 561Armenia ... 40 41 52 129 157 190 183 177 192 ...Azerbaijan ... ... ... 297 433 714 692 476 475 650 1283Belarus ... 125 197 276 330 354 438 431 551 591 ...Bulgaria 1165 1229 1246 1278 1246 1157 1398 1470 1660 1866 1985Czech Republic - 3701 4685 4860 6198 5305 5690 5772 5364 5487 6345Czech and Slovak Fed. Rep., former 2365 - - - - - - - - - -Estonia 123 185 331 420 526 649 814 829 868 973 1399Georgia ... ... ... ... ... 249 335 224 216 231 253Hungary 2526 2535 2875 3542 3446 3404 4082 4186 4410 5464 7093Kazakhstan ... ... ... 776 928 1124 1154 1104 1986 2799 3702Kyrgyz Republic ... 51 69 193 247 169 173 152 145 122 ...Latvia 120 179 211 225 703 637 717 628 710 684 698Lithuania ... 177 266 457 639 850 816 747 655 669 878Moldova ... ... 74 193 156 191 190 168 192 198 235Poland 4045 3631 3746 7008 6228 5610 6479 6837 8861 8842 8863Romania 946 914 1166 1801 1924 1865 1796 1759 1948 2113 2342Russian Federation ... ... 15435 20206 18665 20025 16456 13352 16229 18475 21474Slovak Republic - 1666 1549 1801 1997 2062 2272 1812 1779 1979 2297Ukraine ... ... 1538 1334 1625 2268 2545 2292 2590 3167 3143

Africa 29400 30500 30800 34400 35500 37600 38100 37100 38800 39400 40300

Algeria 1321 1117 973 1365 1212 2150 2220 2560 2360 2440 ...Angola 1854 1402 1425 1665 1738 2046 2395 2194 2271 3176 ...Benin 157 149 156 235 189 170 191 214 186 186 ...Botswana 355 322 317 440 339 435 517 511 535 517 ...Burundi 62 54 59 62 29 37 40 24 34 30 ...Cameroon 885 723 477 485 591 650 680 678 769 ... ...Cape Verde 22 25 30 55 62 66 85 112 100 113 138Central African Republic 152 131 114 150 114 130 136 107 113 96 ...Congo 734 843 983 690 929 748 853 854 728 842 917Côte d'Ivoire 1349 1258 899 1235 1296 1340 1408 1358 1142 1187 1341Djibouti 104 106 84 77 ... ... ... 70 75 ... ...Egypt 4646 5164 5382 4511 4709 5813 5886 5959 7161 6356 6013Eritrea - 1 7 44 54 94 69 103 28 33 30Ethiopia 360 288 299 337 331 377 442 463 480 517 583Gabon 867 1004 809 882 908 943 980 854 844 674 ...Gambia 51 55 49 47 60 60 ... ... ... ... ...Ghana 293 332 319 332 364 395 548 576 527 538 ...Guinea 199 249 233 252 321 204 274 258 183 220 156Kenya 486 499 601 733 712 708 632 505 665 764 801Lesotho 57 49 43 59 55 58 50 47 41 38 ...Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 845 819 649 532 731 709 792 887 ... ... ...Madagascar 197 204 249 278 280 289 326 336 396 ... ...Malawi 339 260 234 151 187 207 166 193 173 144 ...Mali 392 327 296 412 361 324 328 346 319 408 ...Mauritania 160 167 162 197 208 180 130 151 148 135 ...Mauritius 507 503 526 631 666 656 706 719 748 794 778Morocco 1148 1049 1208 1350 1301 1267 1482 1537 1521 1705 1904Mozambique 246 271 323 350 319 329 396 392 439 563 547Namibia 494 471 455 538 569 522 449 ... ... ... ...Nigeria 1739 2681 2981 4399 4541 4695 4054 3311 ... ... ...Rwanda 89 97 110 58 63 99 100 107 114 113 124Senegal 403 353 333 405 386 389 432 419 396 403 ...Seychelles 74 82 75 97 108 124 127 153 173 189 ...Sierra Leone 59 61 93 79 73 38 33 41 ... ... ...South Africa 4202 4528 4886 5754 5505 5809 5403 5529 5553 5066 5221Sudan 197 100 199 150 169 168 200 270 I 632 638 784Swaziland 202 249 190 206 233 236 262 201 202 177 ...Tanzania 341 603 439 729 883 709 885 762 670 670 685Togo 181 111 109 148 197 168 149 130 116 129 ...Tunisia 970 1195 1198 1245 1131 1066 1121 1106 1119 1332 1353Uganda 248 293 436 563 675 669 728 419 459 523 ...Zambia ... ... ... ... ... 282 282 298 328 ... ...Zimbabwe 622 517 645 704 801 934 754 664 538 675 741

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Table A7 (continued)

World imports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1992-02

(Million dollars)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Middle East ... ... ... ... ... ... 43200 43600 47500 44400 45100

Bahrain 604 582 622 634 613 635 652 700 739 744 ...Iran, Islamic Rep. of 5541 5484 3062 2192 2899 3182 2571 1905 1577 2518 ...Israel 5405 6229 7411 8209 8915 9113 9437 10495 12330 12360 11221Jordan 1168 1149 1197 1385 1348 1241 1588 1485 1463 1519 1449Kuwait 3274 3373 3641 3847 4215 4055 4243 3866 4118 4503 4856Oman 932 906 900 985 1233 1467 1683 1511 1566 1678 ...Saudi Arabia 15177 13927 8928 8681 12592 14412 8659 9438 10942 7165 7159Syrian Arab Republic 912 1279 1450 1358 1378 1302 1299 1416 1468 ... ...Yemen 929 1005 664 604 517 632 649 672 757 794 ...

Asia 215100 233800 270700 327600 351500 358000 320100 335900 363500 354700 366800

Australia 13361 13031 15064 16691 18197 18427 16880 17913 17721 16392 17488Bangladesh 644 782 857 1192 1059 1184 1164 1318 1523 1423 ...Bhutan 27 37 38 27 46 47 64 82 107 95 ...Cambodia 64 118 132 181 209 182 161 194 240 244 ...China 9207 11563 15781 24635 22369 27724 26467 30967 35858 39032 46080Fiji 278 296 344 371 387 382 331 364 361 327 ...Hong Kong, China 14439 15595 18642 20796 22101 23284 24874 23614 24475 24314 24204India 6615 6356 8030 10062 11000 12277 14192 17045 19601 22899 21786Indonesia 7884 9595 11136 13230 14777 16214 11744 11336 14755 15595 15950Japan 92323 95488 105449 121548 128701 122079 110705 114173 115686 107027 106612Korea, Republic of 13289 14725 18248 25394 29158 29037 24112 26773 32998 32429 35145Lao People's Dem. Rep. 69 73 149 119 123 107 92 49 13 5 ...Macao, China 308 432 446 483 511 610 612 703 812 876 949Malaysia 7248 9371 11918 14822 17406 18115 12973 14622 16603 16539 16248Maldives 49 56 62 76 86 93 98 107 108 108 110Mongolia 62 65 88 87 108 101 142 140 158 169 ...Myanmar 33 115 118 230 289 429 349 275 306 361 ...Nepal 220 246 290 305 235 216 189 202 193 205 ...New Zealand 3514 3455 4034 4601 4661 4633 4385 4502 4454 4156 4626Pakistan 2423 2377 2182 2431 2913 2424 2044 1894 2109 2216 ...Papua New Guinea 686 805 608 642 779 924 794 728 772 662 ...Philippines 2305 3072 4639 6906 9392 14073 I 10087 I 7492 6066 5102 4225Samoa 40 35 28 34 33 39 29 19 17 ... ...Singapore 9430 11217 13800 17249 19625 18629 16955 19121 21579 20308 20551Solomon Islands 61 79 104 76 80 103 54 86 61 44 29Sri Lanka 800 844 1020 1169 1174 1271 1328 1388 1592 1729 1553Taipei, Chinese 18589 20469 20465 22982 23750 24120 23246 23328 25790 23670 24294Thailand 10254 12307 15231 18601 19313 17144 11874 13464 15329 14484 16573Tonga 20 18 30 37 26 44 30 30 19 24 25Vanuatu 27 30 33 35 36 35 53 65 63 67 ...Viet Nam 412 694 1264 1982 2304 3153 3146 3040 3252 3382 ...

Memorandum item:World excl. EU intra-imports a 697300 725300 789800 903400 971100 1021300 1016500 1049000 1127900 1123200 ...Western Europe excl.

EU intra-imports a 208100 199400 213600 244300 264100 277300 299800 303900 308600 312300 ...

a See the Technical Notes for estimation of intra and extra-EU trade.

Note : Due to frequent revisions to the services data, there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the data series at the country and regional levels. See the Technical Notes.

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Table A8

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2000-02

(Billion dollars)

Destination World a North America Latin America Western Europe

Origin 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002

World

Agricultural products 552.25 554.13 582.53 79.19 79.09 82.64 30.50 31.61 30.81 245.46 244.64 260.05Food 431.85 444.09 468.40 59.12 60.50 63.95 25.39 27.02 26.26 194.32 198.99 212.64Raw materials 120.40 110.04 114.12 20.07 18.59 18.68 5.11 4.59 4.54 51.14 45.65 47.42

Mining products 868.02 792.75 787.54 179.18 160.84 152.60 41.10 36.30 34.22 296.64 277.40 275.83Ores and other minerals 64.62 62.15 62.54 7.93 7.18 6.87 2.08 2.03 1.99 26.43 24.80 25.29Fuels 678.33 618.01 615.20 146.70 132.22 126.56 34.69 30.43 28.90 215.05 201.17 200.83Non-ferrous metals 125.08 112.59 109.81 24.55 21.44 19.17 4.33 3.84 3.34 55.16 51.43 49.71

Manufactures 4689.02 4513.86 4708.06 1114.20 1036.46 1066.84 270.15 260.98 239.88 1901.27 1862.90 1924.82Iron and steel 141.84 132.74 142.10 22.27 17.98 19.23 6.64 6.69 6.77 61.83 57.10 59.36Chemicals 585.66 600.77 660.45 88.64 92.43 101.48 39.05 40.52 38.12 274.36 285.12 319.33Other semi-manufactures 446.42 435.38 460.15 98.59 92.90 98.40 25.10 23.55 21.91 198.36 196.24 202.17Machinery and transport equipment 2623.96 2473.81 2539.38 678.06 614.62 621.99 151.61 144.93 129.34 1006.79 967.21 974.37

Automotive products 576.67 569.48 620.92 211.26 201.24 221.66 33.15 32.97 29.71 248.17 246.50 267.14Office and telecom equipment 960.51 837.72 838.05 228.11 185.31 180.83 45.07 39.72 34.90 330.27 297.81 283.88Other machinery and transport equipment 1086.79 1066.61 1080.40 238.69 228.08 219.50 73.40 72.24 64.73 428.35 422.89 423.35

Textiles 154.18 146.98 152.15 19.67 18.29 19.67 11.41 10.91 10.99 53.15 50.72 50.81Clothing 197.03 193.69 200.85 66.12 64.20 64.76 10.18 8.78 8.17 79.54 78.99 83.14Other consumer goods 539.93 530.49 552.98 140.86 136.04 141.32 26.16 25.60 24.57 227.26 227.51 235.63

Total merchandise exports b 6266.00 6021.00 6272.00 1405.30 1309.91 1336.33 350.77 338.26 314.52 2504.77 2448.59 2548.62

North America

Agricultural products 106.24 103.57 101.40 33.31 33.57 33.97 14.05 14.87 14.84 14.74 13.65 13.16Food 72.00 73.30 71.88 19.62 21.21 22.28 10.93 12.03 11.99 8.58 8.71 8.30Raw materials 34.24 30.28 29.53 13.68 12.36 11.69 3.12 2.84 2.85 6.16 4.94 4.86

Mining products 76.11 74.37 67.77 50.67 50.73 44.69 8.66 7.13 7.40 7.34 8.00 7.34Ores and other minerals 9.96 9.85 9.89 3.18 2.90 2.87 0.68 0.65 0.75 2.87 2.87 2.87Fuels 49.70 49.52 43.60 38.02 39.20 33.44 6.23 5.06 5.23 2.14 2.41 1.87Non-ferrous metals 16.45 15.00 14.28 9.47 8.63 8.39 1.75 1.42 1.42 2.34 2.73 2.60

Manufactures 824.84 763.27 727.80 312.51 283.55 279.96 144.14 134.75 122.75 161.22 155.22 140.06Iron and steel 9.54 8.77 9.11 6.25 5.44 6.02 1.68 1.80 1.60 0.75 0.68 0.66Chemicals 97.37 97.28 96.63 28.30 28.43 28.80 17.78 17.60 16.15 25.01 25.82 26.60Other semi-manufactures 72.08 67.64 66.66 38.98 36.72 36.85 12.91 11.37 10.61 8.60 8.88 8.11Machinery and transport equipment 523.82 474.26 446.16 199.20 175.54 171.34 84.89 79.14 70.15 100.08 93.32 81.27

Automotive products 127.90 118.37 123.51 97.45 87.73 93.00 15.96 15.55 14.44 6.82 7.77 8.32Office and telecom equipment 174.09 139.51 119.01 40.36 28.12 22.17 30.45 26.91 23.67 34.94 29.61 22.69Other machinery and transport equipment 221.84 216.39 203.65 61.39 59.69 56.17 38.48 36.69 32.04 58.32 55.95 50.26

Textiles 13.17 12.65 12.89 4.85 4.60 4.55 5.25 5.37 5.73 1.47 1.25 1.09Clothing 10.71 8.95 8.02 2.76 2.61 2.62 6.78 5.24 4.39 0.43 0.42 0.40Other consumer goods 98.15 93.71 88.32 32.17 30.22 29.79 14.85 14.24 14.12 24.89 24.85 21.93

Total merchandise exports b 1057.82 990.71 946.32 418.62 390.64 381.69 174.65 163.77 152.34 195.32 188.14 169.78

Latin America

Agricultural products 61.74 65.13 67.45 18.47 18.09 18.43 10.99 11.31 10.48 18.03 18.11 19.19Food 53.87 57.41 59.72 15.88 15.44 15.62 9.92 10.30 9.54 15.63 16.09 17.17Raw materials 7.87 7.72 7.73 2.59 2.64 2.81 1.07 1.01 0.94 2.40 2.02 2.02

Mining products 84.53 73.02 71.16 44.58 36.27 37.46 18.48 16.45 14.44 10.98 10.45 10.52Ores and other minerals 10.40 9.86 9.64 1.71 1.61 1.51 1.04 0.96 0.80 3.20 2.90 3.03Fuels 62.81 52.91 51.73 39.52 31.45 32.74 15.70 13.82 12.33 4.23 3.99 4.07Non-ferrous metals 11.33 10.25 9.79 3.36 3.21 3.21 1.74 1.67 1.31 3.55 3.56 3.42

Manufactures 211.72 208.29 208.48 160.12 155.94 158.81 31.43 32.50 29.09 13.09 12.55 12.45Iron and steel 8.17 7.38 8.79 3.50 3.05 3.86 1.83 1.84 2.18 1.49 1.25 1.39Chemicals 16.49 16.82 16.98 5.26 5.14 5.14 7.91 8.39 8.03 2.16 2.23 2.45Other semi-manufactures 18.05 18.41 18.84 9.90 9.87 10.39 5.15 5.37 5.01 1.81 1.81 1.92Machinery and transport equipment 122.31 119.67 116.92 102.11 99.26 99.37 11.38 11.66 9.35 6.09 5.73 5.02

Automotive products 38.37 38.67 37.61 30.45 30.51 31.25 5.85 5.95 4.12 1.72 1.57 1.45Office and telecom equipment 38.31 37.86 36.20 34.25 34.34 32.40 1.57 1.14 1.59 1.28 1.14 1.10Other machinery and transport equipment 45.63 43.14 43.10 37.41 34.41 35.73 3.96 4.57 3.64 3.09 3.02 2.46

Textiles 4.67 4.05 4.08 2.62 2.19 2.47 1.53 1.38 1.15 0.24 0.26 0.29Clothing 21.24 20.55 20.88 19.99 19.28 19.72 0.94 1.01 0.90 0.26 0.19 0.19Other consumer goods 20.79 21.42 21.98 16.73 17.15 17.87 2.69 2.86 2.47 1.05 1.07 1.19

Total merchandise exports b 360.70 348.60 350.30 223.17 210.29 214.71 61.02 60.40 54.11 43.77 42.95 44.24

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Table A8 (continued)

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2000-02

(Billion dollars)

C./E.Europe/BS/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Destination

2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 Origin

World

22.99 26.67 28.82 18.97 19.58 21.09 21.03 21.57 22.56 130.65 127.13 132.13 Agricultural products... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 95.00 94.38 97.56 Food... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 35.65 32.75 34.57 Raw materials

36.64 37.39 38.14 16.62 14.38 14.36 9.94 9.29 10.14 260.55 233.40 235.40 Mining products... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 22.19 22.48 22.49 Ores and other minerals... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 204.40 182.64 183.54 Fuels... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 33.96 28.29 29.37 Non-ferrous metals

168.48 188.11 213.08 85.13 90.86 94.12 111.99 121.45 131.91 1003.43 918.21 989.25 Manufactures... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 33.91 30.82 36.03 Iron and steel... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 127.64 121.81 134.39 Chemicals... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 75.09 70.08 76.44 Other semi-manufactures... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 585.52 526.09 568.28 Machinery and transport equipment... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 40.53 38.79 45.64 Automotive products... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 313.21 267.22 285.53 Office and telecom equipment... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 231.78 220.08 237.11 Other machinery and transport equipment... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 46.45 42.14 43.42 Textiles... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 28.04 27.57 26.61 Clothing... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 106.78 99.69 104.09 Other consumer goods

230.31 254.53 282.27 123.44 127.91 132.69 147.33 156.97 168.81 1425.07 1309.40 1390.93 Total merchandise exports b

North America

1.40 1.60 1.18 3.17 2.91 3.08 3.07 2.71 2.24 36.19 34.00 32.76 Agricultural products1.31 1.49 1.07 2.92 2.66 2.86 2.79 2.46 1.99 25.54 24.47 23.20 Food0.09 0.11 0.11 0.26 0.25 0.22 0.28 0.25 0.25 10.65 9.53 9.56 Raw materials

0.13 0.10 0.06 0.51 0.33 0.33 0.38 0.40 0.43 8.41 7.68 7.51 Mining products0.02 0.03 0.01 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.06 3.09 3.26 3.27 Ores and other minerals0.09 0.05 0.03 0.24 0.23 0.24 0.16 0.17 0.21 2.82 2.42 2.57 Fuels0.02 0.02 0.01 0.19 0.03 0.03 0.18 0.17 0.16 2.50 2.00 1.67 Non-ferrous metals

4.64 5.24 5.48 7.61 9.39 7.54 15.51 15.94 15.94 179.20 159.16 156.00 Manufactures0.04 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.13 0.16 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.68 0.58 0.51 Iron and steel0.53 0.69 0.70 0.92 1.18 0.89 1.11 1.25 1.15 23.71 22.31 22.35 Chemicals0.25 0.29 0.23 0.45 0.42 0.46 2.13 2.12 2.48 8.77 7.85 7.93 Other semi-manufactures3.15 3.39 3.83 5.50 6.94 5.40 10.52 10.72 10.51 120.48 105.21 103.59 Machinery and transport equipment0.17 0.20 0.24 0.41 0.68 0.46 1.51 1.79 1.98 5.57 4.65 5.06 Automotive products0.92 1.01 1.00 0.81 0.94 0.63 2.30 1.76 1.44 64.31 51.17 47.41 Office and telecom equipment2.06 2.19 2.59 4.28 5.33 4.31 6.71 7.16 7.09 50.59 49.38 51.11 Other machinery and transport equipment0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.15 0.16 0.13 1.32 1.15 1.26 Textiles0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.66 0.60 0.54 Clothing0.59 0.75 0.61 0.59 0.64 0.56 1.47 1.55 1.49 23.59 21.47 19.83 Other consumer goods6.57 7.31 7.07 12.01 13.36 11.71 20.21 20.34 19.90 230.12 206.86 203.56 Total merchandise exports b

Latin America

1.45 2.61 2.73 1.64 2.19 2.60 2.07 2.80 3.33 8.68 9.75 10.57 Agricultural products1.43 2.57 2.65 1.57 2.14 2.54 2.01 2.74 3.25 7.03 7.88 8.83 Food0.03 0.04 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.08 1.65 1.88 1.74 Raw materials

0.46 0.44 0.44 0.34 0.39 0.45 0.51 0.50 0.61 7.43 7.06 6.90 Mining products0.24 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.21 0.29 0.26 0.24 0.28 3.71 3.74 3.52 Ores and other minerals0.21 0.23 0.23 0.10 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.24 0.30 1.26 1.61 1.61 Fuels0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.14 0.03 0.03 2.46 1.71 1.77 Non-ferrous metals

0.44 0.28 0.21 0.85 1.02 1.29 0.38 0.51 0.58 5.10 5.18 5.91 Manufactures0.01 0.01 0.02 0.16 0.15 0.19 0.10 0.15 0.16 1.07 0.91 0.99 Iron and steel0.04 0.05 0.06 0.16 0.17 0.21 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.83 0.72 1.00 Chemicals0.02 0.02 0.03 0.17 0.18 0.20 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.87 0.99 1.19 Other semi-manufactures0.36 0.17 0.07 0.33 0.48 0.64 0.11 0.19 0.22 1.87 2.11 2.21 Machinery and transport equipment0.03 0.02 0.02 0.16 0.21 0.29 0.02 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.34 0.40 Automotive products0.15 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.03 1.03 1.13 1.05 Office and telecom equipment0.18 0.10 0.04 0.16 0.25 0.35 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.71 0.64 0.76 Other machinery and transport equipment0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.23 0.18 0.14 Textiles0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.04 Clothing0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.22 0.23 0.35 Other consumer goods2.35 3.32 3.38 2.86 3.65 4.35 2.99 3.85 4.52 21.23 22.01 23.42 Total merchandise exports b

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Table A8 (continued)

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2000-02

(Billion dollars)

Destination World a North America Latin America Western Europe

Origin 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002

Western Europe

Agricultural products 232.62 232.89 248.67 12.18 12.28 14.08 3.61 3.49 3.41 177.26 177.48 189.32Food 193.54 196.80 210.00 10.95 10.98 12.47 3.30 3.21 3.12 146.58 149.55 159.82Raw materials 39.09 36.09 38.67 1.23 1.30 1.61 0.32 0.27 0.30 30.67 27.93 29.50

Mining products 194.15 182.18 183.21 22.31 19.04 19.38 1.45 1.41 1.54 150.18 142.69 141.48Ores and other minerals 16.64 16.02 16.67 0.75 0.64 0.63 0.14 0.21 0.20 12.90 12.33 12.70Fuels 130.47 122.03 124.14 17.08 14.37 15.64 0.76 0.65 0.89 102.23 97.28 97.02Non-ferrous metals 47.05 44.13 42.40 4.48 4.02 3.12 0.55 0.55 0.45 35.04 33.08 31.76

Manufactures 2026.28 2041.30 2144.40 219.85 222.32 233.89 52.12 53.20 49.13 1353.01 1339.51 1397.88Iron and steel 65.86 63.15 66.42 5.45 4.51 4.21 1.19 1.26 1.34 49.90 46.35 48.55Chemicals 333.65 352.01 399.11 38.01 41.57 49.45 9.48 10.39 9.84 222.33 232.55 264.67Other semi-manufactures 220.16 215.75 228.84 18.87 17.12 18.08 4.22 4.23 3.91 150.77 147.08 152.79Machinery and transport equipment 1056.53 1057.74 1079.45 119.24 121.26 122.28 30.98 31.06 28.17 694.15 678.95 688.10

Automotive products 274.51 281.25 309.74 27.54 28.95 36.00 5.73 6.13 5.93 204.60 204.02 219.50Office and telecom equipment 274.46 256.22 238.87 19.07 16.64 16.06 4.33 3.94 2.16 192.89 178.80 169.52Other machinery and transport equipment 507.57 520.28 530.83 72.62 75.67 70.22 20.92 21.00 20.07 296.67 296.12 299.08

Textiles 58.97 57.81 58.49 3.59 3.37 3.47 0.80 0.77 0.74 38.61 36.73 36.41Clothing 56.03 56.90 60.52 4.08 4.20 4.21 0.44 0.48 0.47 43.13 42.96 45.64Other consumer goods 235.08 237.94 251.57 30.62 30.29 32.20 5.01 5.02 4.68 154.12 154.89 161.73

Total merchandise exports b 2508.57 2511.87 2657.27 256.91 256.09 270.19 57.97 58.84 54.73 1716.49 1696.69 1787.39

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

Agricultural products 23.81 25.01 28.04 0.71 0.76 0.90 0.13 0.13 0.13 9.34 9.58 11.09Mining products 96.37 94.21 98.80 6.38 4.60 5.60 4.91 4.38 3.87 46.02 45.33 49.07Manufactures 146.48 161.40 179.43 7.77 7.68 7.48 1.97 2.23 1.92 88.04 96.59 110.43Total merchandise exports b 272.06 285.98 313.89 14.98 13.18 14.20 7.04 6.76 5.93 146.48 155.14 176.38

Africa

Agricultural products 20.11 20.29 22.13 0.91 0.88 1.10 0.26 0.22 0.22 9.87 10.17 11.27Mining products 88.47 77.53 77.08 21.81 19.17 18.65 3.72 4.16 3.87 40.99 37.51 36.33Manufactures 33.47 34.82 35.33 3.00 3.58 3.92 0.73 0.52 0.54 19.48 21.03 19.41Total merchandise exports b 146.70 137.70 140.10 25.77 23.67 23.78 4.70 4.90 4.63 73.50 72.06 71.33

Middle East

Agricultural products 7.23 7.86 8.60 0.25 0.29 0.29 0.07 0.07 0.08 1.90 1.81 1.84Mining products 203.13 178.98 174.67 25.89 24.59 21.50 1.90 1.73 1.90 33.45 26.37 24.32Manufactures 54.91 55.47 58.06 15.59 14.60 14.82 1.23 1.27 1.41 14.00 13.40 13.13Total merchandise exports b 267.20 244.70 244.30 42.80 40.61 37.76 3.22 3.09 3.40 49.57 41.89 39.96

Asia

Agricultural products 100.51 99.38 106.24 13.37 13.24 13.87 1.38 1.53 1.66 14.33 13.84 14.19Food 76.99 78.49 83.85 11.13 11.27 11.66 1.00 1.21 1.34 10.14 10.24 10.56Raw materials 23.53 20.89 22.39 2.25 1.97 2.21 0.38 0.33 0.32 4.19 3.60 3.64

Mining products 125.27 112.47 114.85 7.53 6.46 5.32 1.99 1.06 1.21 7.67 7.05 6.79Ores and other minerals 15.97 15.97 15.60 1.62 1.46 1.29 0.05 0.05 0.07 2.88 2.72 2.68Fuels 87.37 76.48 78.34 4.16 3.30 2.73 1.81 0.90 1.05 3.15 2.73 2.72Non-ferrous metals 21.92 20.02 20.90 1.75 1.70 1.29 0.13 0.11 0.09 1.65 1.61 1.39

Manufactures 1391.31 1249.32 1354.57 395.37 348.80 367.98 38.53 36.50 35.05 252.43 224.60 231.47Iron and steel 34.99 30.24 33.42 5.12 3.79 3.68 1.10 0.99 0.94 2.54 2.21 1.96Chemicals 100.94 95.97 106.84 12.95 12.76 14.08 2.49 2.66 2.68 13.53 13.55 13.94Other semi-manufactures 91.79 87.04 95.56 23.64 22.07 25.20 2.48 2.36 2.17 15.19 14.61 15.20Machinery and transport equipment 839.63 731.87 797.33 250.35 212.35 223.16 23.24 21.76 20.39 157.09 134.27 138.07

Automotive products 114.47 107.50 122.80 55.47 53.54 60.91 5.51 5.21 5.06 20.14 16.96 19.08Office and telecom equipment 453.61 383.78 422.11 131.35 104.06 108.44 8.30 7.26 6.94 88.80 74.91 76.02Other machinery and transport equipment 271.54 240.59 252.41 63.53 54.75 53.81 9.43 9.29 8.39 48.15 42.40 42.97

Textiles 69.67 64.14 67.71 7.92 7.35 8.32 3.77 3.34 3.31 8.64 7.89 7.94Clothing 90.58 87.01 89.92 36.35 34.66 34.46 2.00 2.02 2.39 21.49 20.17 20.88Other consumer goods 163.71 153.06 163.79 59.05 55.83 59.07 3.46 3.37 3.17 33.95 31.91 33.49

Total merchandise exports b 1652.70 1501.05 1620.18 423.06 375.45 394.02 42.17 40.51 39.39 279.64 251.71 259.55

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Table A8 (continued)

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2000-02

(Billion dollars)

C./E.Europe/BS/CIS Africa Middle East Asia Destination

2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002 Origin

Western Europe

9.81 11.25 12.50 7.75 7.71 8.08 5.94 5.44 5.41 14.54 13.66 14.44 Agricultural products8.26 9.50 10.40 6.73 6.77 7.07 5.51 5.03 4.94 11.06 10.53 11.06 Food1.56 1.75 2.11 1.02 0.94 1.01 0.43 0.40 0.47 3.47 3.13 3.38 Raw materials

4.37 5.02 5.42 3.17 2.74 2.89 1.69 1.46 1.57 6.98 5.93 7.07 Mining products0.57 0.63 0.65 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.19 0.19 0.24 1.79 1.71 1.92 Ores and other minerals2.07 2.39 2.48 2.39 1.97 2.07 0.93 0.65 0.65 1.32 1.18 1.82 Fuels1.74 2.00 2.29 0.53 0.53 0.56 0.58 0.61 0.68 3.87 3.05 3.33 Non-ferrous metals

116.02 130.97 148.81 49.32 52.16 54.67 49.94 55.34 60.41 171.88 174.01 183.36 Manufactures3.14 3.82 4.13 1.44 1.79 1.91 1.57 1.92 2.25 3.00 3.30 3.84 Iron and steel

16.91 19.33 22.35 7.57 8.03 8.64 7.16 7.68 9.20 28.54 28.67 31.40 Chemicals13.86 15.67 18.26 4.69 5.07 5.24 8.69 8.17 8.17 18.31 17.12 18.94 Other semi-manufactures58.97 66.28 74.98 27.06 28.23 29.15 24.33 28.91 31.48 93.76 96.10 97.86 Machinery and transport equipment14.31 16.83 20.41 5.35 6.53 6.91 4.26 5.14 5.59 12.42 13.39 15.11 Automotive products14.29 15.13 15.41 5.55 5.09 4.95 5.04 5.84 5.75 30.66 28.31 23.83 Office and telecom equipment30.37 34.31 39.17 16.16 16.61 17.29 15.03 17.93 20.14 50.68 54.40 58.91 Other machinery and transport equipment

7.49 8.17 8.94 3.38 3.59 3.65 1.19 1.20 1.15 3.57 3.59 3.70 Textiles3.22 3.77 4.41 1.11 1.06 1.20 1.07 1.12 1.21 2.84 3.07 3.12 Clothing

12.44 13.94 15.74 4.08 4.39 4.90 5.94 6.35 6.96 21.86 22.15 24.50 Other consumer goods131.32 148.49 167.91 60.89 63.19 66.23 58.67 63.19 68.07 197.03 196.80 208.02 Total merchandise exports b

C./E. Europe/Baltic States/CIS

8.09 8.63 9.18 0.49 0.63 0.79 0.76 0.93 1.15 3.92 3.90 4.39 Agricultural products30.92 31.03 31.38 0.32 0.40 0.42 1.05 1.59 1.85 6.42 5.32 6.06 Mining products33.04 35.81 38.91 1.89 2.46 2.50 3.35 3.78 4.32 9.51 11.91 13.51 Manufactures72.47 76.04 79.90 3.03 3.55 3.76 5.23 6.37 7.44 20.44 21.41 24.32 Total merchandise exports b

Africa

0.47 0.50 0.63 2.78 2.71 2.92 1.46 1.35 1.29 4.28 4.19 4.48 Agricultural products0.21 0.20 0.14 3.66 3.06 2.98 0.86 0.52 0.54 16.19 12.36 14.06 Mining products0.09 0.10 0.15 5.28 4.60 5.45 1.19 1.19 1.33 3.57 3.29 4.06 Manufactures0.77 0.80 0.92 11.80 10.44 11.37 3.52 3.08 3.16 25.36 21.27 23.53 Total merchandise exports b

Middle East

0.22 0.27 0.30 0.24 0.23 0.25 3.26 3.91 4.31 0.82 0.74 0.86 Agricultural products0.22 0.26 0.36 7.95 6.94 6.72 4.27 3.52 3.88 115.89 103.20 102.59 Mining products1.16 1.31 1.35 2.31 2.28 2.42 6.90 8.15 8.98 10.05 10.62 11.51 Manufactures1.65 1.87 2.04 10.50 9.46 9.39 14.49 15.64 17.25 127.14 115.23 115.75 Total merchandise exports b

Asia

1.53 1.80 2.31 2.92 3.20 3.36 4.48 4.43 4.83 62.23 60.89 64.63 Agricultural products1.33 1.59 2.06 2.64 2.94 3.06 4.12 4.08 4.46 46.52 46.85 49.43 Food0.20 0.22 0.25 0.28 0.26 0.30 0.36 0.34 0.37 15.71 14.04 15.20 Raw materials

0.33 0.35 0.34 0.68 0.53 0.57 1.17 1.29 1.27 99.23 91.86 91.21 Mining products0.16 0.16 0.15 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.24 0.23 0.24 10.84 11.12 10.91 Ores and other minerals0.13 0.14 0.13 0.48 0.34 0.35 0.58 0.63 0.58 70.85 65.04 63.65 Fuels0.05 0.04 0.07 0.11 0.11 0.14 0.35 0.43 0.46 17.54 15.70 16.65 Non-ferrous metals

13.08 14.40 18.18 17.88 18.95 20.26 34.73 36.54 40.36 624.14 554.05 614.90 Manufactures0.14 0.14 0.15 0.51 0.57 0.62 1.31 1.71 1.68 23.71 20.52 24.09 Iron and steel0.96 1.04 1.19 1.77 1.91 2.02 1.90 2.01 2.17 66.48 61.34 69.93 Chemicals0.59 0.64 0.90 2.04 2.09 2.20 3.94 4.15 4.54 43.77 40.89 44.33 Other semi-manufactures5.72 6.75 8.69 8.11 8.52 9.25 17.12 18.23 20.12 364.61 315.89 357.37 Machinery and transport equipment1.34 1.15 1.40 2.85 2.48 2.89 6.83 7.93 8.75 21.79 19.62 23.81 Automotive products2.39 2.96 4.10 1.51 1.53 1.64 3.51 3.98 4.23 215.31 184.82 211.32 Office and telecom equipment2.00 2.64 3.19 3.75 4.51 4.72 6.78 6.33 7.15 127.51 111.46 122.24 Other machinery and transport equipment1.02 1.10 1.27 2.85 3.14 3.20 4.39 4.35 4.98 41.00 36.93 38.03 Textiles2.76 2.90 3.56 1.03 1.03 1.15 2.46 2.42 2.75 24.47 23.80 22.84 Clothing1.90 1.84 2.43 1.57 1.69 1.82 3.61 3.67 4.13 60.10 54.68 58.33 Other consumer goods

15.18 16.69 21.06 22.34 24.26 25.87 42.23 44.51 48.46 803.75 725.83 792.32 Total merchandise exports b

a Includes unspecified destinations.b Includes unspecified products.Note : For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A9

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Canada

(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 21.85 9.94 1.30 1.57 3.29 1.74 0.07 0.15 0.64 0.21 0.61 0.04 7.02 1.582001 22.00 10.11 1.47 1.58 2.67 1.76 0.11 0.14 0.62 0.19 0.40 0.04 6.30 1.722002 21.85 10.53 1.23 1.66 2.49 1.82 0.10 0.14 0.65 0.23 0.14 0.04 6.13 1.87

Food 2000 11.06 7.33 1.21 1.42 1.02 1.56 0.06 0.14 0.59 0.19 0.56 0.04 3.13 1.342001 12.22 7.80 1.39 1.41 1.14 1.58 0.10 0.13 0.58 0.17 0.37 0.04 3.38 1.502002 12.71 8.24 1.14 1.46 1.07 1.63 0.08 0.12 0.60 0.21 0.11 0.03 3.04 1.59

Raw materials 2000 10.79 2.61 0.09 0.14 2.27 0.18 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.00 3.90 0.242001 9.78 2.31 0.08 0.17 1.53 0.17 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.00 2.92 0.222002 9.13 2.30 0.09 0.20 1.42 0.19 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.04 0.00 3.09 0.28

Mining products 2000 43.57 6.64 0.25 2.02 2.30 6.44 0.02 0.28 0.05 1.31 0.02 1.08 2.11 0.812001 43.15 6.99 0.26 2.04 2.46 5.86 0.02 0.11 0.05 1.08 0.02 1.12 1.90 0.752002 38.28 6.05 0.30 1.72 2.47 4.99 0.01 0.08 0.05 1.53 0.01 1.17 1.94 0.64

Ores and other 2000 1.54 1.57 0.10 0.73 1.44 0.17 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.68 0.46minerals 2001 1.36 1.49 0.12 0.77 1.38 0.14 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.68 0.47

2002 1.38 1.46 0.09 0.66 1.39 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.72 0.44

Fuels 2000 35.23 2.65 0.09 1.24 0.26 5.97 0.01 0.13 0.02 1.22 0.00 1.07 0.73 0.202001 35.43 3.44 0.10 1.24 0.45 5.44 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.98 0.00 1.10 0.67 0.142002 30.75 2.56 0.10 0.96 0.38 4.63 0.00 0.03 0.02 1.42 0.00 1.16 0.63 0.06

Non-ferrous metals 2000 6.79 2.41 0.06 0.04 0.60 0.30 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.71 0.162001 6.36 2.06 0.04 0.04 0.63 0.28 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.56 0.142002 6.15 2.03 0.10 0.10 0.70 0.23 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.58 0.14

Manufactures 2000 158.79 134.82 2.58 8.65 7.74 20.52 0.31 0.78 0.33 0.33 0.53 0.58 5.36 32.282001 144.99 120.80 2.66 8.36 7.18 20.33 0.31 0.70 0.30 0.22 0.57 0.47 5.04 28.852002 142.81 119.63 2.18 8.93 6.83 21.36 0.34 0.74 0.32 0.24 0.73 0.48 5.35 31.10

Iron and steel 2000 3.07 2.82 0.04 0.35 0.05 0.85 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.882001 2.63 2.51 0.06 0.31 0.05 0.66 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.482002 3.21 2.48 0.06 0.46 0.05 0.76 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.57

Chemicals 2000 12.12 15.42 0.43 0.16 0.66 3.39 0.03 0.10 0.03 0.08 0.04 0.11 1.49 0.782001 12.56 15.03 0.33 0.21 0.63 4.21 0.02 0.13 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.11 1.39 0.802002 12.65 15.47 0.34 0.23 0.71 4.71 0.03 0.11 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.12 1.47 0.89

Other semi- 2000 23.12 14.64 0.49 0.42 1.10 1.90 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.09 0.11 0.73 2.01manufactures 2001 22.41 13.03 0.48 0.42 1.23 1.75 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.10 0.09 0.56 1.96

2002 22.19 13.15 0.48 0.48 1.29 1.98 0.03 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.10 0.56 2.30

Machinery and 2000 101.70 83.73 1.44 6.62 4.94 11.38 0.18 0.27 0.21 0.08 0.34 0.26 2.62 19.99transport 2001 89.89 73.48 1.61 6.21 4.46 10.68 0.20 0.25 0.19 0.05 0.37 0.17 2.56 16.68equipment 2002 87.12 72.53 1.13 6.25 4.09 10.81 0.23 0.23 0.19 0.04 0.56 0.16 2.78 17.78

Power generating 2000 2.81 2.75 0.03 0.12 0.47 0.90 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.17 0.16machinery 2001 3.33 3.11 0.07 0.13 0.58 0.96 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.17 0.23

2002 3.06 2.78 0.06 0.15 0.54 0.86 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.01 0.16 0.21

Other non- 2000 9.96 15.12 0.30 0.36 0.77 4.01 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.08 0.40 2.32electrical 2001 9.29 13.47 0.42 0.37 0.67 3.62 0.11 0.08 0.07 0.02 0.11 0.02 0.44 2.02machinery 2002 9.48 13.24 0.30 0.36 0.71 3.67 0.10 0.07 0.09 0.01 0.15 0.02 0.53 2.12

Office and 2000 17.63 13.94 0.35 2.01 1.56 2.12 0.03 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.07 0.08 0.94 10.26telecommunication 2001 10.62 10.34 0.24 1.90 1.03 1.13 0.03 0.07 0.04 0.01 0.07 0.09 0.82 7.93equipment 2002 7.78 8.24 0.16 1.92 0.84 1.05 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.07 0.07 0.86 7.97

Electrical 2000 4.51 7.66 0.07 1.16 0.22 0.89 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.15 1.92machinery and 2001 4.25 6.56 0.06 0.97 0.20 0.84 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.18 1.60apparatus 2002 4.04 5.95 0.08 1.02 0.18 0.85 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.20 1.66

Automotive 2000 59.19 37.57 0.53 2.70 0.27 1.69 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.59 4.18products 2001 53.59 33.37 0.65 2.64 0.24 1.61 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.41 4.19

2002 54.94 36.82 0.42 2.61 0.26 1.92 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.58 5.11

Other transport 2000 7.62 6.69 0.15 0.27 1.64 1.78 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.37 1.16equipment 2001 8.80 6.62 0.17 0.20 1.73 2.52 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.53 0.70

2002 7.83 5.49 0.10 0.20 1.56 2.46 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.12 0.02 0.45 0.71

Textiles 2000 2.01 2.66 0.04 0.14 0.08 0.40 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.872001 2.00 2.43 0.03 0.14 0.07 0.38 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.802002 2.03 2.32 0.03 0.15 0.05 0.39 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.89

Clothing 2000 2.00 0.55 0.01 0.24 0.04 0.27 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02 2.532001 1.87 0.49 0.00 0.30 0.04 0.29 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.02 2.712002 1.90 0.45 0.00 0.34 0.05 0.33 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.03 2.77

Other consumer 2000 14.77 15.00 0.13 0.73 0.86 2.33 0.05 0.08 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.40 5.23goods 2001 13.63 13.84 0.13 0.77 0.70 2.36 0.04 0.09 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.42 5.42

2002 13.71 13.24 0.13 1.02 0.59 2.39 0.04 0.13 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.40 5.89

Total merchandise a 2000 241.63 154.51 4.22 12.43 13.87 29.08 0.43 1.22 1.05 1.86 1.19 1.71 14.73 34.742001 226.62 141.00 4.49 12.17 12.84 28.29 0.45 0.95 1.00 1.49 1.05 1.64 13.45 31.402002 220.20 139.17 3.81 12.50 12.27 28.68 0.47 0.97 1.05 2.00 0.94 1.69 13.69 33.80

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Table A9 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Canada

(Billion dollars)

United States EU (15) Japan China Mexico Korea, Republic of World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 21.85 9.93 3.13 1.58 3.78 0.05 1.02 0.23 0.51 0.28 0.62 0.05 34.79 15.272001 22.00 10.11 2.54 1.56 3.28 0.05 1.07 0.24 0.64 0.30 0.45 0.05 33.57 15.572002 21.84 10.53 2.34 1.65 3.28 0.05 0.86 0.28 0.54 0.34 0.53 0.06 32.57 16.31

Food 2000 11.06 7.32 0.92 1.40 1.72 0.04 0.50 0.20 0.47 0.27 0.15 0.03 17.63 12.032001 12.22 7.80 1.05 1.40 1.79 0.03 0.57 0.21 0.61 0.28 0.15 0.03 19.18 12.642002 12.71 8.24 0.96 1.47 1.86 0.04 0.27 0.25 0.49 0.32 0.16 0.03 18.75 13.30

Raw materials 2000 10.79 2.61 2.20 0.18 2.06 0.02 0.52 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.47 0.02 17.16 3.252001 9.78 2.31 1.49 0.17 1.50 0.02 0.50 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.31 0.02 14.39 2.922002 9.13 2.30 1.38 0.18 1.42 0.02 0.58 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.37 0.03 13.83 3.02

Mining products 2000 43.56 6.63 1.80 3.67 1.06 0.05 0.20 0.09 0.08 0.34 0.35 0.07 48.32 18.582001 43.15 6.99 1.90 3.75 0.91 0.05 0.19 0.10 0.05 0.32 0.38 0.07 47.86 17.972002 38.28 6.05 1.92 2.76 0.86 0.03 0.22 0.11 0.11 0.23 0.39 0.03 43.05 16.20

Ores and other 2000 1.54 1.57 1.06 0.14 0.26 0.01 0.20 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.00 3.81 3.02minerals 2001 1.36 1.49 0.90 0.13 0.28 0.00 0.17 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.07 0.00 3.59 2.95

2002 1.38 1.46 0.95 0.13 0.25 0.00 0.18 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.11 0.00 3.62 2.78

Fuels 2000 35.23 2.65 0.19 3.26 0.48 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.27 0.19 0.05 36.34 12.482001 35.43 3.44 0.41 3.37 0.42 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.28 0.20 0.05 36.67 12.392002 30.75 2.56 0.30 2.43 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.18 0.17 0.01 31.88 10.82

Non-ferrous metals 2000 6.79 2.41 0.55 0.26 0.32 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.12 0.02 8.17 3.082001 6.36 2.06 0.59 0.25 0.21 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.11 0.02 7.59 2.622002 6.15 2.03 0.67 0.20 0.22 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.01 0.12 0.02 7.55 2.60

Manufactures 2000 158.77 134.82 7.33 19.22 1.13 11.05 1.26 7.27 0.76 7.52 0.51 3.34 175.64 200.752001 144.97 120.80 6.88 19.15 1.01 9.34 1.47 7.86 1.03 7.21 0.44 2.84 161.05 182.562002 142.74 119.63 6.39 19.98 1.13 9.62 1.51 9.78 0.87 7.52 0.35 2.98 158.56 184.67

Iron and steel 2000 3.07 2.82 0.05 0.76 0.01 0.28 0.01 0.11 0.02 0.09 0.00 0.19 3.22 5.262001 2.63 2.51 0.05 0.61 0.01 0.18 0.00 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.00 0.10 2.80 4.132002 3.21 2.48 0.05 0.68 0.01 0.21 0.01 0.10 0.05 0.06 0.00 0.13 3.39 4.51

Chemicals 2000 12.11 15.42 0.62 3.07 0.21 0.23 0.51 0.14 0.08 0.09 0.18 0.06 14.80 20.062001 12.56 15.03 0.60 3.82 0.17 0.20 0.57 0.17 0.07 0.12 0.15 0.08 14.99 20.532002 12.65 15.47 0.67 4.32 0.25 0.23 0.60 0.21 0.08 0.13 0.13 0.08 15.27 21.60

Other semi- 2000 23.12 14.64 1.07 1.81 0.32 0.50 0.04 0.64 0.05 0.27 0.05 0.19 25.62 19.26manufactures 2001 22.41 13.03 1.20 1.66 0.22 0.39 0.05 0.74 0.08 0.27 0.03 0.17 24.85 17.43

2002 22.18 13.15 1.24 1.87 0.23 0.46 0.04 0.94 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.18 24.65 18.22

Machinery and 2000 101.69 83.73 4.66 10.87 0.38 8.98 0.65 2.33 0.56 6.21 0.26 2.40 111.44 124.84transport 2001 89.88 73.48 4.27 10.32 0.41 7.52 0.81 2.49 0.79 5.81 0.22 1.97 99.29 110.06equipment 2002 87.07 72.53 3.78 10.36 0.46 7.80 0.79 3.31 0.59 5.83 0.14 2.12 96.11 109.68

Power generating 2000 2.81 2.75 0.43 0.87 0.01 0.07 0.07 0.03 0.00 0.10 0.02 0.03 3.58 4.07machinery 2001 3.33 3.11 0.53 0.93 0.02 0.13 0.07 0.04 0.00 0.10 0.02 0.03 4.28 4.58

2002 3.06 2.78 0.51 0.81 0.01 0.08 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.13 0.03 0.04 3.98 4.12

Other non- 2000 9.95 15.12 0.73 3.77 0.06 1.39 0.11 0.26 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.23 11.63 22.09electrical 2001 9.29 13.47 0.63 3.43 0.08 1.15 0.11 0.28 0.19 0.32 0.03 0.21 11.12 19.72machinery 2002 9.48 13.24 0.66 3.46 0.09 1.17 0.10 0.36 0.12 0.29 0.02 0.19 11.36 19.62

Office and 2000 17.62 13.93 1.52 2.02 0.13 2.83 0.06 1.29 0.09 1.92 0.11 1.18 20.63 30.42telecommunication 2001 10.61 10.34 1.01 1.08 0.09 2.01 0.18 1.41 0.07 1.83 0.09 0.90 12.84 23.38equipment 2002 7.77 8.24 0.81 1.00 0.11 1.69 0.16 1.96 0.04 1.82 0.07 0.87 9.78 20.38

Electrical 2000 4.51 7.66 0.21 0.82 0.02 0.60 0.02 0.61 0.03 1.12 0.01 0.15 5.02 11.81machinery and 2001 4.25 6.56 0.18 0.79 0.03 0.43 0.02 0.62 0.02 0.93 0.01 0.11 4.74 10.11apparatus 2002 4.04 5.95 0.17 0.79 0.04 0.37 0.03 0.78 0.03 0.97 0.01 0.13 4.54 9.60

Automotive 2000 59.19 37.57 0.25 1.67 0.11 3.49 0.29 0.06 0.31 2.59 0.08 0.51 60.66 46.28products 2001 53.59 33.37 0.22 1.59 0.09 3.30 0.16 0.06 0.40 2.46 0.04 0.71 54.97 41.99

2002 54.94 36.82 0.24 1.90 0.10 4.02 0.30 0.08 0.30 2.42 0.01 0.87 56.33 46.66

Other transport 2000 7.61 6.69 1.52 1.72 0.06 0.59 0.10 0.07 0.04 0.18 0.01 0.28 9.93 10.18equipment 2001 8.80 6.62 1.69 2.49 0.10 0.50 0.26 0.08 0.09 0.17 0.02 0.02 11.34 10.29

2002 7.78 5.49 1.39 2.39 0.11 0.48 0.18 0.09 0.09 0.20 0.00 0.02 10.12 9.30

Textiles 2000 2.01 2.66 0.08 0.35 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.25 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.13 2.21 4.132001 2.00 2.43 0.06 0.34 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.25 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.11 2.16 3.812002 2.03 2.32 0.05 0.33 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.31 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.13 2.18 3.81

Clothing 2000 2.00 0.55 0.04 0.22 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.92 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.21 2.08 3.692001 1.87 0.49 0.04 0.23 0.01 0.01 0.00 1.02 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.23 1.94 3.932002 1.90 0.45 0.05 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.00 1.24 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.18 1.99 4.01

Other consumer 2000 14.77 15.00 0.81 2.13 0.19 1.02 0.05 2.89 0.04 0.64 0.02 0.16 16.30 23.50goods 2001 13.63 13.84 0.66 2.17 0.18 1.00 0.03 3.10 0.04 0.68 0.02 0.17 15.01 22.67

2002 13.70 13.24 0.55 2.18 0.16 0.88 0.05 3.66 0.04 0.90 0.03 0.16 14.96 22.84

Total merchandise a 2000 241.59 154.50 12.72 24.82 6.06 11.18 2.50 7.59 1.37 8.14 1.50 3.47 277.11 240.092001 226.59 141.00 11.80 24.78 5.28 9.46 2.73 8.21 1.75 7.83 1.28 2.97 259.90 221.552002 220.11 139.17 11.09 24.83 5.35 9.83 2.61 10.19 1.54 8.10 1.27 3.10 252.42 222.26

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: Imports are valued f.o.b. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A10

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - United States

(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 11.44 21.65 12.75 18.79 11.44 12.31 1.33 0.73 2.53 1.18 2.46 0.22 29.15 14.222001 11.58 21.81 13.40 18.23 10.99 12.26 1.49 0.81 2.28 1.11 2.31 0.27 27.71 13.922002 12.10 21.69 13.60 19.14 10.66 13.52 1.08 0.92 2.43 1.20 2.09 0.27 26.61 14.78

Food 2000 8.55 10.87 9.71 16.17 7.56 10.95 1.26 0.62 2.32 0.96 2.23 0.19 22.40 11.472001 8.99 12.05 10.64 15.68 7.58 10.84 1.39 0.68 2.08 0.93 2.09 0.23 21.09 11.502002 9.55 12.59 10.84 16.52 7.23 11.85 0.99 0.77 2.26 1.02 1.88 0.23 20.14 12.21

Raw materials 2000 2.89 10.78 3.03 2.62 3.88 1.36 0.07 0.10 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.04 6.75 2.762001 2.58 9.76 2.76 2.55 3.41 1.42 0.10 0.13 0.21 0.18 0.22 0.04 6.61 2.422002 2.55 9.10 2.76 2.62 3.44 1.67 0.09 0.14 0.17 0.17 0.21 0.04 6.46 2.57

Mining products 2000 7.09 40.31 8.41 47.03 5.04 17.95 0.11 6.15 0.45 23.65 0.36 24.66 6.29 7.842001 7.59 42.43 6.87 39.82 5.55 16.29 0.08 4.30 0.28 20.96 0.38 23.32 5.78 6.952002 6.39 37.66 7.09 41.39 4.87 16.78 0.05 5.18 0.28 16.87 0.42 20.20 5.57 5.68

Ores and other 2000 1.64 1.61 0.58 1.45 1.43 0.74 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.57 0.04 0.04 2.41 1.32minerals 2001 1.54 1.41 0.53 1.40 1.49 0.60 0.02 0.06 0.05 0.54 0.05 0.04 2.58 1.08

2002 1.49 1.44 0.66 1.34 1.47 0.56 0.01 0.08 0.03 0.50 0.05 0.03 2.55 0.94

Fuels 2000 2.78 31.97 6.14 42.32 1.88 13.15 0.08 1.69 0.22 21.35 0.16 24.37 2.09 4.772001 3.78 34.71 4.95 35.17 1.96 11.71 0.04 1.49 0.21 18.66 0.17 23.08 1.75 4.192002 2.66 30.12 5.12 36.97 1.49 13.50 0.03 2.87 0.22 15.01 0.21 19.97 1.94 3.49

Non-ferrous metals 2000 2.68 6.73 1.69 3.26 1.74 4.06 0.02 4.35 0.19 1.73 0.16 0.25 1.79 1.752001 2.27 6.30 1.39 3.25 2.10 3.98 0.02 2.75 0.02 1.77 0.16 0.20 1.45 1.672002 2.23 6.10 1.31 3.08 1.90 2.72 0.01 2.23 0.03 1.36 0.15 0.21 1.08 1.26

Manufactures 2000 153.60 153.45 141.51 139.94 153.43 203.80 4.33 9.79 7.28 3.87 14.97 14.92 173.77 442.442001 138.62 139.62 132.12 137.94 148.08 202.88 4.93 9.72 9.10 4.36 15.37 14.04 154.14 396.942002 136.95 137.48 120.47 140.59 133.14 208.35 5.13 9.18 7.22 4.59 15.19 14.25 150.54 419.51

Iron and steel 2000 3.18 2.92 1.64 3.52 0.71 5.20 0.04 1.73 0.06 0.58 0.06 0.05 0.63 5.232001 2.81 2.52 1.74 2.94 0.63 4.36 0.04 0.94 0.13 0.38 0.09 0.04 0.53 3.812002 2.80 3.08 1.54 3.56 0.60 3.76 0.04 1.07 0.16 0.48 0.12 0.03 0.46 3.59

Chemicals 2000 16.17 11.89 17.34 4.61 24.34 40.96 0.50 2.18 0.90 0.36 1.08 1.89 22.20 13.912001 15.88 12.30 17.27 4.72 25.20 44.60 0.67 2.79 1.15 0.50 1.22 2.10 20.92 14.112002 16.12 12.45 15.80 4.60 25.88 51.20 0.66 2.35 0.86 0.44 1.12 1.88 20.86 15.40

Other semi- 2000 15.84 22.78 12.41 8.19 7.50 17.86 0.22 0.77 0.39 0.64 2.04 5.73 8.04 27.56manufactures 2001 14.31 22.08 10.89 7.88 7.66 16.37 0.26 0.87 0.37 0.71 2.02 5.47 7.29 25.60

2002 14.63 21.76 10.12 8.74 6.82 16.76 0.21 0.87 0.41 0.80 2.41 6.15 7.36 29.07

Machinery and 2000 97.43 98.18 83.42 86.66 95.11 101.52 2.97 3.29 5.28 0.57 10.17 3.89 117.81 269.83transport 2001 85.69 86.42 77.54 85.80 88.89 100.60 3.18 3.00 6.75 0.83 10.35 3.03 102.66 229.24equipment 2002 84.10 83.93 68.97 85.41 77.11 99.18 3.59 2.84 5.21 0.82 9.95 2.78 100.73 240.25

Power generating 2000 2.97 2.69 3.10 2.28 9.34 9.98 0.07 0.18 0.20 0.00 0.57 0.16 4.40 3.02machinery 2001 3.47 3.34 4.19 2.23 10.30 12.28 0.14 0.27 0.23 0.00 0.57 0.18 4.63 4.27

2002 3.00 3.04 3.51 2.36 9.46 9.76 0.06 0.33 0.21 0.01 0.58 0.19 4.70 3.97

Other non- 2000 17.10 9.16 15.01 5.98 15.85 26.36 0.93 0.49 1.52 0.17 1.93 0.40 21.45 24.61electrical 2001 15.39 8.51 14.10 5.74 14.81 24.45 1.11 0.49 1.83 0.26 2.34 0.37 16.95 21.33machinery 2002 15.12 8.69 12.39 6.54 12.41 22.78 1.22 0.53 1.80 0.24 2.61 0.33 16.05 21.33

Office and 2000 22.72 15.82 30.08 29.03 33.36 14.45 0.89 1.53 0.77 0.17 2.23 2.05 63.35 152.48telecommunication 2001 17.51 9.31 26.67 29.43 28.58 12.37 0.98 1.13 0.89 0.11 1.70 1.48 50.36 119.02equipment 2002 14.38 6.48 23.49 26.67 21.84 12.47 0.95 0.93 0.60 0.13 1.37 1.15 46.51 125.34

Electrical 2000 9.54 4.25 15.39 16.15 9.38 9.11 0.29 0.48 0.24 0.05 0.78 0.91 9.51 27.07machinery and 2001 8.06 3.96 12.66 14.84 8.60 8.77 0.24 0.38 0.27 0.03 0.83 0.59 8.30 22.93apparatus 2002 7.53 3.78 11.21 15.66 7.76 9.02 0.25 0.37 0.20 0.03 0.78 0.67 8.31 22.71

Automotive 2000 38.23 58.75 15.42 29.24 6.55 29.11 0.16 0.41 0.40 0.15 1.46 0.03 4.98 52.50products 2001 34.16 52.86 14.90 29.63 7.53 29.64 0.17 0.54 0.65 0.37 1.76 0.03 4.24 52.08

2002 38.00 54.35 14.01 30.14 8.05 33.67 0.21 0.54 0.44 0.37 1.90 0.04 4.48 57.51

Other transport 2000 6.88 7.51 4.41 3.98 20.63 12.51 0.64 0.20 2.16 0.03 3.19 0.35 14.11 10.14equipment 2001 7.10 8.44 5.01 3.92 19.05 13.08 0.54 0.19 2.87 0.05 3.15 0.39 18.18 9.62

2002 6.07 7.58 4.35 4.04 17.59 11.47 0.91 0.15 1.95 0.04 2.70 0.40 20.68 9.38

Textiles 2000 2.84 1.94 5.21 1.99 1.38 3.36 0.06 0.19 0.07 0.16 0.14 0.42 1.27 7.952001 2.60 1.93 5.33 1.91 1.18 3.12 0.06 0.17 0.07 0.17 0.15 0.45 1.10 7.672002 2.52 1.96 5.69 2.16 1.04 3.28 0.05 0.20 0.06 0.17 0.12 0.48 1.21 8.75

Clothing 2000 0.76 1.93 6.77 19.76 0.38 3.96 0.01 0.83 0.02 1.35 0.06 1.49 0.63 37.792001 0.74 1.78 5.24 18.97 0.38 3.97 0.01 1.00 0.01 1.54 0.05 1.59 0.58 37.522002 0.72 1.82 4.38 18.57 0.35 3.99 0.01 0.99 0.01 1.67 0.04 1.63 0.51 38.06

Other consumer 2000 17.38 13.80 14.71 15.21 24.02 30.94 0.53 0.80 0.56 0.21 1.43 1.44 23.19 80.16goods 2001 16.59 12.58 14.11 15.71 24.15 29.85 0.71 0.94 0.61 0.22 1.50 1.36 21.05 78.99

2002 16.05 12.48 13.98 17.56 21.33 30.18 0.57 0.86 0.52 0.22 1.43 1.29 19.41 84.38

Total merchandise a 2000 176.84 232.72 170.37 214.89 181.39 248.12 6.14 16.94 10.96 29.07 19.01 40.84 215.30 475.492001 164.09 220.17 159.31 204.50 175.35 246.09 6.86 15.05 12.37 26.78 19.30 38.73 193.46 428.742002 161.21 213.93 148.43 209.92 157.39 253.02 6.60 15.62 10.65 23.28 18.94 35.84 189.73 450.66

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Table A10 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - United States

(Billion dollars)

EU (15) Canada Mexico Japan China Korea, Republic of World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 10.05 11.30 11.37 21.65 7.74 6.57 14.77 0.70 2.39 1.59 3.60 0.41 71.41 69.112001 9.73 11.32 11.51 21.80 8.35 6.68 12.96 0.64 2.70 1.69 3.42 0.43 70.02 68.402002 9.40 12.55 12.03 21.68 8.38 6.92 11.74 0.66 2.90 2.15 3.51 0.44 68.76 71.51

Food 2000 6.54 9.99 8.48 10.86 5.86 6.11 12.40 0.48 1.52 1.18 2.27 0.21 54.34 51.232001 6.65 9.96 8.93 12.05 6.59 6.24 11.07 0.44 1.55 1.31 2.25 0.23 54.13 51.912002 6.38 10.92 9.49 12.58 6.59 6.47 10.19 0.45 1.48 1.70 2.43 0.25 53.08 55.20

Raw materials 2000 3.52 1.31 2.89 10.78 1.89 0.46 2.37 0.22 0.87 0.41 1.33 0.20 17.07 17.892001 3.08 1.36 2.58 9.76 1.76 0.44 1.88 0.20 1.15 0.39 1.17 0.20 15.89 16.492002 3.02 1.62 2.54 9.10 1.79 0.45 1.55 0.20 1.42 0.46 1.08 0.18 15.68 16.32

Mining products 2000 4.72 12.97 7.07 40.31 6.11 14.59 2.20 1.08 1.03 1.41 1.12 0.89 27.76 167.592001 5.13 11.86 7.58 42.43 4.77 11.86 1.57 0.98 1.22 1.02 1.05 0.87 26.53 154.072002 4.19 11.90 6.37 37.66 4.89 13.74 1.40 0.67 1.28 0.96 0.86 0.63 24.66 143.76

Ores and other 2000 1.39 0.67 1.64 1.61 0.44 0.41 0.66 0.08 0.68 0.28 0.51 0.03 6.15 5.84minerals 2001 1.43 0.55 1.54 1.41 0.41 0.36 0.54 0.06 0.98 0.28 0.48 0.02 6.26 5.13

2002 1.41 0.51 1.49 1.44 0.51 0.33 0.48 0.06 1.03 0.24 0.45 0.01 6.25 4.88

Fuels 2000 1.72 8.92 2.76 31.97 4.30 13.13 0.85 0.41 0.06 0.81 0.35 0.67 13.34 139.622001 1.83 7.94 3.77 34.71 3.29 10.47 0.52 0.36 0.09 0.43 0.19 0.74 12.87 129.012002 1.34 9.00 2.65 30.12 3.27 12.50 0.56 0.26 0.09 0.46 0.23 0.47 11.69 121.93

Non-ferrous metals 2000 1.61 3.39 2.67 6.73 1.37 1.05 0.69 0.59 0.29 0.32 0.26 0.19 8.27 22.132001 1.87 3.37 2.27 6.30 1.07 1.03 0.51 0.57 0.14 0.31 0.38 0.10 7.41 19.922002 1.44 2.40 2.23 6.10 1.10 0.91 0.35 0.35 0.16 0.26 0.18 0.14 6.72 16.95

Manufactures 2000 142.64 189.53 153.33 153.44 92.83 110.37 46.65 144.73 12.61 103.46 22.56 39.73 648.91 968.212001 137.45 189.62 138.37 139.61 84.11 108.41 41.35 124.01 15.11 105.42 17.11 34.44 602.37 905.512002 124.01 194.53 136.66 137.47 80.16 109.66 36.37 119.60 16.98 128.92 17.32 35.06 568.72 933.94

Iron and steel 2000 0.62 4.75 3.18 2.92 1.32 1.33 0.16 1.51 0.07 0.69 0.07 1.14 6.32 19.232001 0.57 4.00 2.80 2.52 1.41 1.08 0.12 1.39 0.07 0.49 0.05 0.92 5.97 14.992002 0.55 3.30 2.80 3.08 1.23 1.40 0.07 1.12 0.07 0.49 0.04 0.77 5.71 15.56

Chemicals 2000 22.31 38.21 16.15 11.89 8.94 1.83 6.55 7.46 2.33 1.96 2.74 0.94 82.53 75.802001 23.35 41.61 15.85 12.30 8.53 1.85 6.51 6.87 2.21 2.22 2.54 0.94 82.30 81.132002 24.10 48.05 16.09 12.45 8.57 1.97 6.34 7.21 2.29 2.60 2.70 0.93 81.29 88.33

Other semi- 2000 6.86 16.49 15.81 22.78 9.30 5.37 2.42 5.84 0.79 8.47 0.64 1.83 46.45 83.51manufactures 2001 7.10 15.29 14.28 22.08 7.97 5.29 2.07 4.84 0.78 9.14 0.63 1.65 42.81 78.99

2002 6.29 15.65 14.60 21.76 7.65 5.68 1.88 5.02 0.89 11.26 0.65 1.84 41.96 84.15

Machinery and 2000 89.56 97.06 97.33 98.18 57.14 79.89 27.87 114.82 8.07 36.71 16.86 30.14 412.20 563.95transport 2001 83.43 96.71 85.56 86.42 51.44 78.62 23.47 96.40 10.28 36.54 12.00 25.59 375.07 508.91equipment 2002 72.56 95.58 83.93 83.93 47.94 77.54 20.43 94.20 11.78 48.24 12.05 26.44 349.74 515.21

Power generating 2000 8.87 9.53 2.97 2.69 1.56 2.13 1.46 1.66 0.24 0.47 0.44 0.44 20.65 18.31machinery 2001 9.55 11.86 3.47 3.34 1.65 2.05 1.60 2.62 0.42 0.51 0.41 0.67 23.55 22.58

2002 8.94 9.37 2.99 3.04 1.63 2.20 1.42 2.07 0.38 0.63 0.60 0.74 21.52 19.66

Other non- 2000 15.04 24.37 17.08 9.16 8.42 5.02 4.46 16.03 1.81 2.71 3.20 1.69 73.79 67.16electrical 2001 13.95 22.84 15.37 8.51 7.46 4.86 3.54 12.98 2.17 3.08 2.15 1.46 66.53 61.15machinery 2002 11.66 21.24 15.11 8.69 6.83 5.49 2.71 11.90 2.64 4.14 2.04 1.45 61.61 60.44

Office and 2000 32.03 13.52 22.67 15.82 19.44 27.17 13.07 37.04 3.22 22.55 9.88 20.45 153.40 215.54telecommunication 2001 27.47 11.58 17.45 9.31 17.47 27.70 10.69 25.05 3.94 22.27 5.63 14.44 126.69 172.84equipment 2002 21.09 11.89 14.34 6.48 16.15 24.71 7.61 21.59 3.93 31.26 5.76 14.70 109.14 173.17

Electrical 2000 9.01 8.46 9.52 4.25 12.71 15.17 2.31 8.82 0.82 8.73 0.93 1.75 45.14 58.01machinery and 2001 8.25 8.12 8.05 3.96 10.20 14.01 2.27 6.51 0.95 8.80 0.70 1.61 38.97 51.51apparatus 2002 7.44 8.35 7.52 3.78 9.38 14.79 1.92 5.59 0.99 9.86 0.85 1.60 36.04 52.24

Automotive 2000 6.32 28.92 38.23 58.75 13.28 28.30 2.73 44.49 0.21 0.61 0.38 5.55 67.20 170.20products 2001 7.30 29.45 34.16 52.86 12.79 28.34 2.13 42.36 0.25 0.75 0.35 7.10 63.42 165.16

2002 7.89 33.47 37.99 54.35 12.38 28.57 2.19 46.55 0.33 1.02 0.38 7.72 67.09 176.63

Other transport 2000 18.28 12.26 6.86 7.51 1.74 2.11 3.83 6.79 1.77 1.64 2.04 0.26 52.03 34.73equipment 2001 16.90 12.85 7.06 8.44 1.87 1.66 3.23 6.89 2.56 1.12 2.75 0.31 55.91 35.68

2002 15.53 11.26 5.98 7.58 1.56 1.77 4.57 6.50 3.51 1.33 2.42 0.24 54.33 33.06

Textiles 2000 1.31 2.79 2.83 1.94 3.81 1.58 0.28 0.63 0.12 1.95 0.15 0.99 10.96 16.012001 1.13 2.58 2.60 1.93 3.31 1.52 0.24 0.51 0.12 1.98 0.11 0.94 10.49 15.432002 1.00 2.66 2.52 1.96 3.19 1.64 0.25 0.49 0.19 2.68 0.14 1.05 10.70 17.00

Clothing 2000 0.36 2.64 0.75 1.93 2.45 8.81 0.46 0.11 0.01 8.92 0.02 2.59 8.63 67.112001 0.35 2.68 0.73 1.78 2.05 8.20 0.37 0.18 0.03 9.28 0.03 2.47 7.01 66.392002 0.33 2.57 0.71 1.82 1.88 7.80 0.30 0.21 0.03 10.08 0.02 2.33 6.03 66.73

Other consumer 2000 21.62 27.59 17.29 13.80 9.86 11.56 8.91 14.36 1.23 44.77 2.07 2.11 81.82 142.58goods 2001 21.52 26.76 16.54 12.58 9.41 11.87 8.57 13.82 1.62 45.77 1.74 1.93 78.72 139.66

2002 19.19 26.72 16.00 12.48 9.70 13.62 7.11 11.36 1.73 53.57 1.71 1.68 73.29 146.96

Total merchandise a 2000 164.98 226.76 176.41 232.68 111.71 137.45 65.25 150.63 16.25 107.61 27.90 41.72 780.33 1258.082001 159.41 226.11 163.72 220.10 101.51 132.77 57.64 129.71 19.23 109.38 22.20 36.49 731.01 1180.072002 144.08 232.14 160.79 213.91 97.53 136.14 51.44 124.63 22.05 133.48 22.60 36.91 693.22 1202.28

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A11

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Mexico

(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 7.60 9.38 0.46 0.81 0.68 0.68 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.23 0.572001 7.61 10.35 0.53 0.94 0.59 0.66 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.23 0.672002 7.59 10.30 0.47 0.93 0.58 0.75 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.24 0.60

Food 2000 6.92 7.28 0.36 0.64 0.60 0.58 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.19 0.412001 6.97 8.40 0.44 0.73 0.51 0.55 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.18 0.522002 6.92 8.41 0.40 0.67 0.50 0.65 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.18 0.49

Raw materials 2000 0.68 2.09 0.10 0.17 0.08 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.162001 0.64 1.95 0.08 0.22 0.08 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.162002 0.67 1.89 0.07 0.26 0.09 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.11

Mining products 2000 14.32 6.77 1.59 1.08 1.77 0.33 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.30 0.04 0.30 0.52 0.332001 11.39 6.33 1.39 1.07 1.40 0.44 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.38 0.02 0.24 0.39 0.412002 12.87 5.61 1.26 0.88 1.52 0.42 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.18 0.04 0.18 0.47 0.40

Ores and other 2000 0.61 0.73 0.07 0.22 0.09 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.05minerals 2001 0.53 0.55 0.05 0.19 0.08 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.03

2002 0.51 0.55 0.05 0.20 0.08 0.13 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.08

Fuels 2000 12.62 4.34 1.45 0.33 1.57 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.04 0.30 0.36 0.212001 9.79 4.20 1.28 0.38 1.25 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.02 0.24 0.27 0.262002 11.30 3.41 1.17 0.27 1.42 0.18 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.04 0.18 0.38 0.27

Non-ferrous metals 2000 1.09 1.71 0.07 0.53 0.11 0.11 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.072001 1.07 1.58 0.06 0.50 0.07 0.13 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.122002 1.07 1.65 0.04 0.41 0.02 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.06

Manufactures 2000 128.98 125.36 4.16 2.94 3.62 16.08 0.14 0.28 0.03 0.18 0.06 0.31 1.47 19.182001 124.80 114.75 4.28 3.56 3.82 18.54 0.06 0.36 0.04 0.23 0.09 0.27 1.57 29.032002 125.55 94.95 4.36 4.41 3.57 16.34 0.04 0.34 0.04 0.16 0.08 0.25 1.70 29.82

Iron and steel 2000 1.29 2.22 0.12 0.39 0.20 0.54 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.11 0.01 0.00 0.11 0.752001 1.02 2.08 0.10 0.35 0.10 0.56 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.07 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.582002 1.44 1.84 0.07 0.41 0.09 0.65 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.49

Chemicals 2000 2.81 11.67 1.57 0.40 0.75 2.65 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.08 0.19 1.012001 2.77 11.33 1.69 0.41 0.75 3.18 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.08 0.19 1.212002 2.84 11.18 1.71 0.45 0.77 3.27 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.08 0.29 1.26

Other semi- 2000 7.29 16.58 0.48 0.35 0.12 1.40 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.03 1.57manufactures 2001 7.28 14.76 0.47 0.51 0.13 1.79 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 2.12

2002 7.34 11.81 0.48 0.60 0.12 1.42 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.06 1.69

Machinery and 2000 94.09 72.19 1.15 1.45 2.03 9.49 0.13 0.07 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.17 0.93 12.52transport 2001 90.82 65.13 1.22 1.84 2.33 10.51 0.05 0.16 0.02 0.09 0.04 0.13 1.09 20.81equipment 2002 90.40 52.51 1.29 2.42 2.04 8.85 0.03 0.19 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.12 1.01 21.96

Power generating 2000 2.52 1.73 0.03 0.02 0.08 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.36machinery 2001 2.66 1.90 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.46 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.41

2002 2.80 1.87 0.02 0.03 0.11 0.42 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.58

Other non- 2000 5.81 11.66 0.19 0.22 0.16 3.58 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.05 1.86electrical 2001 5.62 10.57 0.19 0.22 0.19 4.04 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.04 1.91machinery 2002 6.34 8.76 0.18 0.26 0.20 3.43 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.06 1.84

Office and 2000 32.31 21.78 0.30 0.06 0.61 1.82 0.10 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.70 6.01telecommunication 2001 32.40 18.89 0.31 0.19 0.75 1.67 0.02 0.08 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.85 11.84equipment 2002 30.27 12.69 0.53 0.40 0.67 0.87 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.73 14.18

Electrical 2000 21.38 17.11 0.23 0.10 0.22 1.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.08 2.67machinery and 2001 18.53 16.10 0.26 0.12 0.27 1.18 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.04 5.01apparatus 2002 18.75 11.69 0.19 0.13 0.22 0.91 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.07 3.92

Automotive 2000 29.40 17.63 0.36 1.01 0.79 2.27 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 1.33products 2001 29.25 15.63 0.42 1.23 0.88 2.78 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 1.29

2002 29.76 15.64 0.33 1.55 0.70 2.91 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 1.15

Other transport 2000 2.66 2.29 0.03 0.04 0.17 0.32 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.30equipment 2001 2.35 2.03 0.03 0.05 0.17 0.37 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.34

2002 2.46 1.86 0.03 0.05 0.13 0.31 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.29

Textiles 2000 2.19 5.00 0.17 0.10 0.05 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.852001 1.78 4.66 0.13 0.10 0.05 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.11 0.812002 1.97 4.37 0.12 0.12 0.06 0.33 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.74

Clothing 2000 8.26 3.14 0.27 0.09 0.09 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.422001 7.67 2.87 0.28 0.10 0.03 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.512002 7.37 2.36 0.33 0.12 0.03 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.59

Other consumer 2000 13.05 14.57 0.40 0.18 0.38 1.38 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.07 2.05goods 2001 13.46 13.93 0.38 0.25 0.42 1.74 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.09 2.98

2002 14.18 10.88 0.36 0.29 0.47 1.57 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.24 3.08

Total merchandise a 2000 151.01 143.70 6.23 4.96 6.11 17.49 0.15 0.45 0.05 0.54 0.12 0.64 2.23 22.262001 143.93 132.20 6.20 5.63 5.84 19.77 0.06 0.49 0.06 0.65 0.14 0.53 2.19 30.502002 146.17 111.38 6.10 6.34 5.70 17.63 0.04 0.42 0.05 0.39 0.13 0.45 2.41 31.50

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Table A11 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Mexico

(Billion dollars)

United States EU (15) Japan Canada China Taipei, Chinese World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 7.50 8.62 0.50 0.66 0.12 0.02 0.08 0.75 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.01 9.10 11.572001 7.51 9.49 0.44 0.62 0.11 0.02 0.10 0.86 0.02 0.08 0.03 0.02 9.07 12.792002 7.46 9.52 0.48 0.72 0.09 0.01 0.11 0.79 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.02 8.94 12.69

Food 2000 6.83 6.60 0.43 0.56 0.10 0.00 0.08 0.68 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.01 8.18 8.992001 6.87 7.60 0.36 0.52 0.09 0.01 0.09 0.80 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.02 8.21 10.322002 6.80 7.71 0.41 0.62 0.08 0.00 0.10 0.70 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.01 8.05 10.28

Raw materials 2000 0.68 2.02 0.07 0.10 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.92 2.572001 0.63 1.89 0.08 0.10 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.86 2.472002 0.66 1.81 0.08 0.10 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.89 2.41

Mining products 2000 13.97 6.63 1.70 0.27 0.46 0.05 0.34 0.15 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.01 18.26 9.222001 11.15 6.18 1.33 0.34 0.23 0.05 0.24 0.14 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.02 14.62 8.932002 12.67 5.43 1.47 0.37 0.15 0.07 0.21 0.18 0.01 0.19 0.00 0.01 16.17 7.74

Ores and other 2000 0.58 0.69 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.87 1.17minerals 2001 0.51 0.52 0.05 0.09 0.06 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.74 0.99

2002 0.49 0.52 0.03 0.13 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.69 1.03

Fuels 2000 12.31 4.30 1.53 0.10 0.32 0.03 0.31 0.04 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 16.05 5.522001 9.56 4.16 1.21 0.13 0.13 0.02 0.22 0.04 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.01 12.64 5.522002 11.11 3.36 1.42 0.14 0.08 0.02 0.19 0.05 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 14.31 4.45

Non-ferrous metals 2000 1.08 1.64 0.11 0.10 0.07 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1.34 2.542001 1.07 1.49 0.07 0.12 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1.25 2.412002 1.07 1.54 0.02 0.11 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 1.16 2.26

Manufactures 2000 125.60 122.22 3.29 15.12 0.35 7.11 2.87 3.14 0.20 2.80 0.13 1.98 138.65 165.012001 121.91 111.51 3.57 17.40 0.28 10.41 2.73 3.24 0.26 4.18 0.14 3.47 134.82 167.262002 122.86 91.49 3.24 15.26 0.22 8.79 2.49 3.46 0.43 5.92 0.19 4.20 135.37 146.74

Iron and steel 2000 1.27 2.09 0.18 0.51 0.05 0.45 0.02 0.13 0.00 0.08 0.04 0.02 1.74 4.292001 0.97 1.89 0.10 0.54 0.01 0.39 0.05 0.19 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 1.29 3.812002 1.39 1.69 0.07 0.63 0.00 0.30 0.05 0.15 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.01 1.69 3.59

Chemicals 2000 2.66 11.41 0.65 2.36 0.04 0.31 0.06 0.26 0.01 0.18 0.02 0.09 5.39 16.182001 2.54 11.08 0.64 2.86 0.03 0.35 0.07 0.24 0.02 0.24 0.03 0.09 5.46 16.542002 2.59 10.95 0.65 2.92 0.04 0.30 0.07 0.23 0.03 0.28 0.07 0.09 5.64 16.51

Other semi- 2000 7.22 16.23 0.11 1.34 0.00 0.67 0.07 0.35 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.17 7.99 19.98manufactures 2001 7.22 14.39 0.11 1.72 0.00 0.89 0.07 0.37 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.22 7.99 19.27

2002 7.27 11.47 0.10 1.38 0.00 0.58 0.07 0.34 0.01 0.31 0.02 0.21 8.01 15.62

Machinery and 2000 91.14 70.07 1.89 9.05 0.22 5.09 2.53 2.11 0.19 1.45 0.05 1.30 98.39 96.09transport 2001 88.44 63.01 2.24 9.95 0.20 7.95 2.37 2.12 0.22 2.30 0.10 2.64 95.60 98.82equipment 2002 88.26 50.08 1.89 8.36 0.14 6.84 2.13 2.43 0.38 3.76 0.07 3.38 94.81 86.23

Power generating 2000 2.48 1.67 0.05 0.38 0.01 0.22 0.04 0.06 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 2.65 2.62machinery 2001 2.62 1.84 0.06 0.37 0.04 0.25 0.05 0.07 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 2.80 2.83

2002 2.75 1.82 0.07 0.35 0.01 0.41 0.05 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.01 2.94 2.95

Other non- 2000 5.67 11.29 0.12 3.39 0.03 1.08 0.15 0.37 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.17 6.23 17.49electrical 2001 5.55 10.17 0.16 3.82 0.02 1.15 0.07 0.40 0.01 0.18 0.00 0.19 6.07 16.90machinery 2002 6.27 8.43 0.16 3.24 0.02 0.90 0.08 0.34 0.01 0.27 0.00 0.18 6.79 14.43

Office and 2000 31.88 21.38 0.60 1.77 0.11 1.57 0.43 0.40 0.18 0.71 0.05 0.56 34.04 29.83telecommunication 2001 32.02 18.59 0.74 1.53 0.09 3.14 0.37 0.30 0.20 1.34 0.09 1.57 34.38 32.83equipment 2002 29.94 12.54 0.66 0.73 0.07 2.99 0.32 0.15 0.32 2.47 0.03 2.45 32.25 28.31

Electrical 2000 21.24 16.93 0.19 0.95 0.04 0.89 0.14 0.17 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.44 21.93 20.93machinery and 2001 18.41 15.94 0.24 1.10 0.00 2.22 0.13 0.16 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.73 19.12 22.50apparatus 2002 18.67 11.55 0.17 0.85 0.01 1.53 0.09 0.14 0.02 0.86 0.01 0.63 19.24 16.77

Automotive 2000 27.30 16.62 0.79 2.24 0.02 1.16 1.69 1.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.06 30.65 22.25products 2001 27.58 14.54 0.88 2.76 0.05 1.02 1.67 1.09 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.08 30.68 20.96

2002 28.28 14.02 0.70 2.88 0.02 0.89 1.49 1.62 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.06 30.91 21.26

Other transport 2000 2.57 2.18 0.14 0.31 0.01 0.16 0.09 0.11 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.05 2.88 2.97equipment 2001 2.26 1.93 0.17 0.37 0.00 0.17 0.09 0.10 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.05 2.57 2.80

2002 2.36 1.73 0.13 0.30 0.01 0.12 0.10 0.13 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.04 2.67 2.52

Textiles 2000 2.12 4.91 0.05 0.24 0.00 0.03 0.07 0.09 0.00 0.12 0.02 0.14 2.57 6.222001 1.72 4.54 0.05 0.42 0.00 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.00 0.13 0.01 0.13 2.09 6.022002 1.92 4.26 0.06 0.31 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.11 0.00 0.21 0.01 0.12 2.21 5.57

Clothing 2000 8.21 3.11 0.04 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 8.63 4.022001 7.62 2.85 0.03 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 8.01 3.842002 7.31 2.34 0.03 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.04 7.75 3.34

Other consumer 2000 12.98 14.39 0.36 1.28 0.03 0.56 0.07 0.18 0.00 0.77 0.00 0.23 13.93 18.24goods 2001 13.39 13.74 0.40 1.61 0.03 0.79 0.07 0.19 0.02 1.16 0.00 0.34 14.38 18.96

2002 14.12 10.70 0.45 1.45 0.03 0.75 0.06 0.18 0.01 1.24 0.02 0.36 15.25 15.87

Total merchandise a 2000 147.19 139.56 5.53 16.44 0.94 7.54 3.30 4.15 0.22 3.12 0.15 2.20 166.19 190.792001 140.69 127.82 5.36 18.49 0.62 10.72 3.07 4.38 0.28 4.42 0.17 3.54 158.68 190.372002 143.15 106.90 5.22 16.44 0.47 9.35 2.81 4.48 0.46 6.27 0.21 4.25 160.67 168.65

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: 2002 imports are valued f.o.b. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A12

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - European Union (15)

(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 11.28 14.57 3.38 19.69 168.42 168.12 8.65 8.91 7.24 11.11 5.16 1.60 13.26 15.612001 11.36 13.20 3.15 20.15 168.50 168.38 9.70 9.33 7.18 11.53 4.59 1.58 12.38 15.402002 13.09 12.68 3.10 21.10 179.95 179.22 10.95 10.75 7.64 12.51 4.67 1.60 13.09 15.33

Food 2000 10.08 8.51 3.07 17.06 139.19 139.40 7.14 4.28 6.26 8.44 4.76 1.04 9.88 10.842001 10.12 8.19 2.90 17.89 141.98 142.32 8.07 5.04 6.29 8.95 4.22 1.06 9.39 11.072002 11.54 8.08 2.82 18.85 151.91 151.87 8.97 6.20 6.66 10.01 4.22 1.11 9.82 11.30

Raw materials 2000 1.20 6.06 0.31 2.63 29.23 28.72 1.51 4.63 0.98 2.67 0.39 0.56 3.38 4.772001 1.24 5.01 0.26 2.25 26.52 26.06 1.63 4.29 0.90 2.58 0.37 0.51 2.99 4.332002 1.55 4.60 0.28 2.25 28.05 27.35 1.98 4.55 0.98 2.50 0.45 0.49 3.27 4.03

Mining products 2000 14.52 8.03 1.34 11.05 110.26 132.30 3.80 38.11 3.09 38.09 1.57 32.22 5.20 6.602001 12.59 8.11 1.22 10.55 104.57 125.55 3.77 38.04 2.58 35.70 1.29 24.96 4.21 7.172002 13.08 6.83 1.31 10.58 103.96 125.52 4.11 41.51 2.70 33.74 1.34 22.88 4.79 6.93

Ores and other 2000 0.72 2.98 0.14 3.58 11.92 12.52 0.48 2.79 0.23 2.20 0.17 0.21 1.70 2.85minerals 2001 0.60 2.86 0.20 3.36 11.26 11.86 0.52 2.23 0.22 2.23 0.17 0.20 1.58 2.85

2002 0.58 2.67 0.19 3.46 11.60 11.86 0.54 2.11 0.23 2.11 0.21 0.21 1.77 2.58

Fuels 2000 10.70 2.41 0.68 4.45 69.26 87.17 1.71 27.65 2.35 33.94 0.89 31.63 0.97 2.002001 8.88 2.56 0.48 4.44 65.44 82.81 1.57 29.67 1.85 31.48 0.57 24.41 0.58 2.692002 10.07 2.18 0.67 4.46 65.87 84.34 1.61 33.84 1.93 29.82 0.51 22.39 0.95 2.93

Non-ferrous metals 2000 3.10 2.64 0.52 3.02 29.08 32.61 1.61 7.66 0.51 1.96 0.51 0.37 2.54 1.752001 3.12 2.69 0.53 2.76 27.87 30.88 1.69 6.15 0.51 1.99 0.54 0.35 2.06 1.632002 2.43 1.98 0.44 2.65 26.50 29.31 1.96 5.56 0.54 1.80 0.62 0.29 2.07 1.42

Manufactures 2000 204.85 172.52 49.19 16.70 1273.99 1236.49 109.67 80.14 46.84 21.62 45.31 13.08 159.30 269.232001 208.06 165.84 49.52 15.05 1257.77 1226.61 124.01 88.95 49.53 23.28 50.14 12.65 160.45 246.732002 217.79 156.18 45.80 15.73 1310.45 1275.39 140.70 99.40 51.63 21.67 54.92 12.24 168.33 257.61

Iron and steel 2000 5.01 0.71 1.11 1.38 47.40 46.55 3.00 4.75 1.27 1.20 1.22 0.17 2.71 2.392001 4.15 0.73 1.14 1.15 43.75 43.22 3.40 4.74 1.52 1.13 1.37 0.12 2.94 1.942002 3.71 0.66 1.27 1.19 46.07 44.98 3.64 4.85 1.69 1.06 1.67 0.09 3.35 1.79

Chemicals 2000 34.77 24.46 8.29 1.91 205.74 201.99 15.06 6.36 7.05 1.69 6.36 2.52 25.36 12.642001 37.80 26.19 9.15 2.00 213.05 210.02 17.53 6.42 7.47 1.63 6.78 2.68 25.28 12.862002 45.05 29.08 8.66 2.07 241.94 238.80 20.32 6.52 8.06 1.61 8.09 2.85 27.73 13.91

Other semi- 2000 17.58 9.42 4.08 2.00 141.21 139.95 13.10 11.12 4.44 5.70 7.77 2.76 17.63 18.03manufactures 2001 16.11 9.46 4.10 2.11 138.04 134.08 14.88 12.41 4.78 6.13 7.36 2.62 16.50 17.72

2002 16.96 8.27 3.78 2.21 143.46 138.90 17.28 13.37 4.93 4.72 7.65 2.74 18.24 18.53

Machinery and 2000 114.49 111.30 29.98 9.75 666.68 636.69 56.90 37.46 26.02 4.91 23.23 4.71 89.22 159.07transport 2001 116.88 103.51 29.39 8.15 650.94 627.86 64.00 42.10 27.19 5.87 27.54 4.68 91.20 139.47equipment 2002 117.87 94.09 26.74 8.44 659.56 633.34 72.43 48.46 27.76 5.45 30.01 4.21 92.54 145.42

Power generating 2000 13.22 16.11 1.31 0.21 19.57 18.74 1.15 1.26 1.29 0.25 1.84 0.59 5.11 2.83machinery 2001 15.03 15.23 1.29 0.25 21.52 20.88 1.38 1.42 1.26 0.17 2.28 0.59 5.64 2.93

2002 12.24 13.95 1.42 0.28 22.45 21.55 1.66 1.60 1.41 0.18 2.51 0.72 5.23 3.06

Other non- 2000 25.60 16.21 9.24 0.76 119.95 115.74 15.65 5.40 7.70 0.91 6.79 0.63 23.75 15.87electrical 2001 23.91 14.80 9.68 0.78 117.48 113.56 18.42 6.38 8.38 1.16 7.90 0.61 26.11 14.76machinery 2002 23.59 12.97 8.47 0.71 119.09 113.30 20.90 7.25 8.92 1.09 9.59 0.60 29.69 13.80

Office and 2000 18.39 36.73 4.22 2.43 189.28 179.12 13.92 8.44 5.47 0.50 4.90 1.94 30.12 87.71telecommunication 2001 15.91 31.13 3.83 1.69 175.28 167.43 14.76 9.53 5.00 0.51 5.65 1.69 27.63 76.64equipment 2002 15.58 23.58 2.10 2.50 165.99 158.35 15.04 10.67 4.84 0.47 5.62 1.36 23.23 80.41

Electrical 2000 9.71 10.69 2.54 0.71 65.81 64.61 9.28 6.81 2.90 1.09 2.95 0.59 9.93 22.52machinery and 2001 9.18 9.75 2.76 0.53 62.13 61.29 10.09 7.37 3.00 1.22 3.27 0.58 10.24 18.20apparatus 2002 9.66 8.01 2.18 0.53 60.74 59.72 10.99 8.49 3.27 1.34 3.22 0.52 10.49 18.06

Automotive 2000 27.40 5.57 5.68 1.72 201.14 190.22 14.05 13.22 5.15 0.85 4.16 0.07 12.39 19.58products 2001 28.80 6.24 6.07 1.71 199.71 192.39 16.48 14.88 6.32 1.02 5.01 0.08 13.28 17.28

2002 35.81 6.84 5.83 1.42 214.64 206.69 19.88 17.39 6.64 1.31 5.39 0.07 14.96 18.90

Other transport 2000 20.18 25.99 6.97 3.93 71.01 68.27 2.84 2.33 3.52 1.30 2.58 0.88 7.91 10.55equipment 2001 24.04 26.36 5.77 3.20 74.93 72.32 2.88 2.52 3.23 1.80 3.42 1.12 8.30 9.66

2002 20.99 28.74 6.74 3.00 76.71 73.74 3.95 3.05 2.68 1.08 3.68 0.94 8.95 11.18

Textiles 2000 3.00 1.50 0.74 0.22 34.83 34.69 6.93 2.64 3.19 0.74 0.80 0.72 3.34 8.192001 2.83 1.34 0.71 0.24 32.88 32.90 7.52 2.89 3.38 0.72 0.80 0.62 3.34 7.832002 2.84 1.12 0.70 0.25 32.61 32.38 8.13 3.19 3.46 0.75 0.77 0.59 3.41 7.88

Clothing 2000 2.89 0.52 0.43 0.33 36.55 39.80 2.94 8.32 0.96 5.84 0.91 0.61 2.75 24.742001 2.97 0.48 0.47 0.30 36.42 39.95 3.50 9.31 0.97 6.17 0.97 0.51 2.93 24.152002 2.73 0.41 0.45 0.33 38.08 42.34 4.07 9.78 1.06 6.30 1.05 0.46 2.94 25.25

Other consumer 2000 27.10 24.60 4.57 1.12 141.58 136.83 11.75 9.49 3.90 1.53 5.02 1.59 18.28 44.17goods 2001 27.31 24.13 4.57 1.10 142.70 138.57 13.17 11.09 4.21 1.63 5.32 1.42 18.26 42.76

2002 28.63 22.56 4.21 1.24 148.73 144.65 14.84 13.23 4.67 1.78 5.68 1.31 20.12 44.84

Total merchandise a 2000 232.94 199.27 54.64 48.51 1586.26 1574.71 123.13 128.33 57.78 73.19 53.05 47.10 181.10 293.102001 234.23 190.72 54.57 47.11 1565.26 1560.12 138.64 137.64 59.83 72.80 56.89 39.47 179.92 270.982002 246.53 178.89 50.79 49.04 1650.61 1642.29 156.84 154.29 62.49 71.03 61.55 37.22 188.94 281.82

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Table A12 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - European Union (15)

(Billion dollars)

Intra-EU Extra-EU United States Switzerland China Japan World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 159.79 58.90 80.35 9.82 10.87 3.65 1.57 1.18 2.27 4.73 0.42 218.69 240.142001 160.04 58.05 80.00 9.90 10.11 3.69 1.55 1.03 2.36 4.53 0.41 218.09 240.042002 170.27 63.46 83.40 11.47 10.00 4.13 1.64 1.13 2.10 4.64 0.42 233.73 253.67

Food 2000 132.68 48.66 57.16 8.75 7.14 2.87 1.13 0.46 1.44 3.74 0.12 181.35 189.852001 135.46 48.44 59.34 8.79 6.88 2.98 1.18 0.41 1.60 3.64 0.14 183.89 194.802002 144.45 52.48 63.24 10.06 6.93 3.38 1.28 0.47 1.43 3.67 0.12 196.94 207.69

Raw materials 2000 27.11 10.24 23.19 1.08 3.73 0.78 0.44 0.72 0.83 0.98 0.30 37.34 50.302001 24.58 9.62 20.66 1.11 3.23 0.70 0.38 0.61 0.75 0.88 0.27 34.20 45.252002 25.82 10.98 20.17 1.41 3.07 0.75 0.36 0.67 0.67 0.97 0.29 36.80 45.99

Mining products 2000 100.25 43.41 177.68 13.71 5.74 4.59 2.42 0.81 1.21 1.10 0.50 143.66 277.932001 95.69 38.27 166.58 11.46 5.80 4.51 2.79 0.82 1.39 0.84 0.49 133.96 262.272002 94.92 40.15 163.96 11.65 4.54 4.55 3.02 1.05 1.22 0.88 0.37 135.08 258.88

Ores and other 2000 10.92 4.49 16.58 0.58 1.80 0.28 0.56 0.45 0.33 0.26 0.12 15.40 27.50minerals 2001 10.25 4.35 15.82 0.51 1.62 0.31 0.54 0.46 0.36 0.23 0.11 14.60 26.06

2002 10.37 4.84 14.97 0.48 1.37 0.38 0.42 0.46 0.40 0.25 0.07 15.21 25.34

Fuels 2000 62.24 27.90 137.70 10.20 2.01 3.12 0.45 0.15 0.36 0.07 0.04 90.14 199.952001 59.58 23.22 129.85 7.99 2.00 2.96 1.15 0.12 0.57 0.05 0.06 82.81 189.432002 60.25 24.87 129.87 8.87 1.69 2.84 1.53 0.30 0.47 0.12 0.07 85.12 190.12

Non-ferrous metals 2000 27.09 11.02 23.39 2.93 1.93 1.19 1.41 0.21 0.51 0.77 0.33 38.11 50.482001 25.86 10.69 20.91 2.97 2.18 1.24 1.10 0.24 0.46 0.56 0.31 36.55 46.772002 24.30 10.45 19.12 2.30 1.47 1.34 1.08 0.29 0.35 0.51 0.23 34.75 43.42

Manufactures 2000 1155.52 746.26 664.62 186.99 161.33 54.91 48.51 20.99 60.95 34.32 78.77 1901.78 1820.142001 1145.65 765.71 644.50 189.17 154.62 56.30 46.74 24.53 63.71 33.47 66.63 1911.36 1790.162002 1190.28 812.46 655.78 198.58 145.88 55.98 47.84 29.46 73.60 33.06 63.21 2002.74 1846.06

Iron and steel 2000 43.81 18.01 13.40 4.34 0.63 1.55 0.79 0.42 0.38 0.18 0.42 61.82 57.212001 40.50 17.89 12.61 3.63 0.64 1.41 0.73 0.63 0.27 0.16 0.49 58.38 53.102002 42.50 19.02 12.22 3.09 0.57 1.32 0.73 0.91 0.28 0.13 0.40 61.52 54.71

Chemicals 2000 186.50 119.69 65.91 32.33 23.76 10.11 12.43 2.19 2.39 7.56 4.91 306.19 252.412001 193.16 127.57 69.44 34.74 25.47 11.25 13.77 2.40 2.60 7.47 4.92 320.74 262.612002 218.98 144.36 76.66 41.80 28.23 12.91 16.57 3.03 2.90 7.58 5.15 363.34 295.64

Other semi- 2000 127.87 78.60 61.27 16.01 8.10 6.59 7.94 1.66 5.06 2.42 2.90 206.47 189.14manufactures 2001 124.34 78.57 61.54 14.70 8.09 7.28 5.37 1.75 5.38 2.25 2.76 202.91 185.88

2002 129.65 85.98 62.68 15.34 7.15 6.39 4.66 2.23 6.10 2.21 2.56 215.63 192.33

Machinery and 2000 608.24 405.43 364.51 103.79 103.58 23.91 17.35 15.14 23.72 16.22 61.08 1013.68 972.75transport 2001 599.77 413.28 340.29 105.47 95.69 23.18 16.30 17.79 25.73 15.50 49.91 1013.05 940.06equipment 2002 605.57 426.48 336.75 106.68 86.92 21.69 14.61 20.80 30.61 14.97 46.87 1032.05 942.32

Power generating 2000 17.16 26.36 22.87 12.02 15.14 1.31 1.02 0.89 0.67 0.47 0.89 43.51 40.03machinery 2001 19.29 29.13 22.19 13.87 14.28 1.20 1.08 0.88 0.76 0.54 0.96 48.42 41.48

2002 20.05 26.89 21.30 11.17 12.98 1.15 0.93 0.94 0.82 0.54 0.93 46.94 41.35

Other non- 2000 106.42 102.83 49.35 22.99 15.25 5.61 7.57 5.32 1.87 3.04 9.87 209.25 155.77electrical 2001 104.13 108.33 48.12 21.43 13.90 5.66 7.54 6.92 2.21 3.27 8.52 212.47 152.25machinery 2002 104.03 116.93 46.32 21.15 12.14 5.72 7.16 9.79 2.56 3.19 7.39 220.97 150.36

Office and 2000 175.62 93.27 148.98 16.37 34.02 5.31 1.63 4.69 13.34 4.27 22.63 268.89 324.60telecommunication 2001 164.16 86.30 131.42 14.85 29.18 5.12 1.38 4.42 15.11 3.93 17.81 250.46 295.58equipment 2002 154.80 78.74 122.99 14.61 22.24 4.80 1.20 3.12 18.59 2.96 15.66 233.54 277.79

Electrical 2000 59.79 44.50 47.40 8.98 10.34 2.55 2.91 1.68 6.72 1.61 8.16 104.29 107.18machinery and 2001 56.38 45.46 42.70 8.53 9.41 2.59 2.91 2.13 6.22 1.68 5.69 101.84 99.08apparatus 2002 54.71 46.88 42.05 8.97 7.73 2.45 2.70 2.33 7.22 1.64 4.72 101.59 96.77

Automotive 2000 186.74 83.37 44.67 26.17 5.29 4.84 0.72 1.23 0.17 5.86 14.77 270.11 231.41products 2001 188.23 87.56 45.41 27.63 5.97 5.19 0.80 1.92 0.18 5.45 12.55 275.79 233.64

2002 201.72 101.57 50.95 34.00 6.58 5.13 0.82 2.64 0.22 5.57 13.83 303.30 252.67

Other transport 2000 62.52 55.19 51.24 17.26 23.55 4.30 3.50 1.32 0.95 0.98 4.75 117.71 113.76equipment 2001 67.59 56.60 50.45 19.17 22.94 3.42 2.59 1.51 1.24 0.62 4.38 124.19 118.04

2002 70.26 55.54 53.13 16.79 25.26 2.46 1.80 1.97 1.20 1.07 4.34 125.80 123.39

Textiles 2000 31.28 21.67 17.46 2.70 1.41 1.05 1.11 0.27 1.83 0.69 0.68 52.96 48.742001 29.42 22.16 17.18 2.53 1.26 1.04 1.04 0.31 1.83 0.68 0.59 51.58 46.592002 28.94 23.12 17.27 2.57 1.06 1.00 0.97 0.35 2.11 0.60 0.54 52.05 46.21

Clothing 2000 32.83 14.68 47.35 2.65 0.45 2.06 0.41 0.05 8.18 1.41 0.14 47.51 80.182001 32.59 15.72 48.28 2.71 0.41 2.19 0.45 0.06 8.48 1.50 0.11 48.31 80.882002 33.86 16.59 51.02 2.45 0.34 2.37 0.49 0.07 9.76 1.46 0.10 50.45 84.88

Other consumer 2000 124.99 88.17 94.72 25.16 23.39 9.63 8.49 1.27 19.39 5.85 8.63 213.16 219.71goods 2001 125.87 90.53 95.17 25.37 23.06 9.95 9.08 1.60 19.41 5.91 7.85 216.40 221.04

2002 130.79 96.92 99.17 26.65 21.61 10.29 9.81 2.07 21.84 6.10 7.60 227.71 229.96

Total merchandise a 2000 1445.91 1450.08 870.08 958.66 212.50 181.67 65.16 55.34 23.27 64.54 40.64 80.07 2316.00 2404.582001 1432.95 1437.09 882.49 924.80 212.58 173.56 66.45 54.51 26.67 67.63 39.34 67.98 2315.44 2357.762002 1509.22 1513.57 939.80 937.45 223.94 163.34 66.16 56.06 31.94 77.05 39.13 64.42 2449.03 2446.67

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: The figures are affected by the "INTRASTAT" system of recording trade between EU member States. Unspecified products account for 3.6 per cent of total intra-EU trade, and intra-EU imports are under-recorded. To compensate for this under-recording, intra-EU exports have been used to obtain total (World) imports. Major trading partners were selected on the basis of 2002 data. See the Technical Notes.

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Table A13

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - China

(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 1.32 4.93 0.17 2.52 1.97 1.97 0.33 1.40 0.46 0.61 0.27 0.03 11.86 8.042001 1.40 5.08 0.18 3.02 2.08 1.63 0.45 1.74 0.42 0.62 0.27 0.03 11.82 7.972002 1.86 4.96 0.23 3.39 1.90 1.53 0.73 2.31 0.45 0.75 0.33 0.03 13.31 8.84

Food 2000 1.06 2.80 0.15 2.03 1.34 0.85 0.28 0.46 0.45 0.16 0.26 0.02 10.03 2.702001 1.15 2.80 0.16 2.37 1.55 0.69 0.40 0.61 0.41 0.16 0.25 0.02 10.30 2.712002 1.55 2.41 0.20 2.75 1.32 0.64 0.66 0.69 0.43 0.21 0.30 0.02 11.69 3.18

Raw materials 2000 0.26 2.13 0.02 0.49 0.64 1.12 0.05 0.93 0.01 0.45 0.01 0.01 1.83 5.342001 0.25 2.28 0.02 0.65 0.53 0.94 0.05 1.13 0.01 0.46 0.01 0.01 1.52 5.262002 0.31 2.56 0.02 0.65 0.57 0.89 0.07 1.62 0.02 0.54 0.03 0.01 1.62 5.66

Mining products 2000 1.19 1.33 0.24 1.89 1.23 1.54 0.12 2.60 0.10 4.21 0.12 8.85 9.44 13.182001 0.85 1.39 0.35 2.20 1.36 1.46 0.13 2.20 0.16 3.36 0.15 7.43 10.06 13.442002 0.85 1.42 0.50 2.56 1.17 1.82 0.12 2.87 0.12 3.71 0.16 7.53 10.65 14.46

Ores and other 2000 0.20 0.81 0.01 1.02 0.25 0.47 0.03 0.63 0.02 0.41 0.01 0.10 0.70 3.11minerals 2001 0.19 0.99 0.01 1.52 0.29 0.62 0.03 0.48 0.02 0.53 0.02 0.12 0.75 3.89

2002 0.19 0.97 0.02 1.59 0.33 0.57 0.03 0.37 0.02 0.50 0.01 0.16 0.71 3.98

Fuels 2000 0.71 0.10 0.21 0.08 0.48 0.64 0.08 0.90 0.07 3.67 0.06 8.67 6.25 6.562001 0.40 0.10 0.31 0.08 0.63 0.41 0.08 0.91 0.11 2.69 0.07 7.20 6.81 6.062002 0.41 0.15 0.46 0.02 0.53 0.74 0.06 1.47 0.07 3.02 0.09 7.27 6.81 6.60

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.28 0.41 0.02 0.78 0.50 0.43 0.01 1.06 0.02 0.13 0.05 0.08 2.48 3.522001 0.26 0.29 0.03 0.60 0.44 0.43 0.02 0.80 0.03 0.13 0.06 0.12 2.50 3.492002 0.25 0.30 0.02 0.95 0.31 0.51 0.02 1.03 0.03 0.19 0.06 0.11 3.13 3.88

Manufactures 2000 52.80 19.70 6.66 0.99 37.75 29.37 5.29 3.49 4.32 0.42 5.60 1.11 107.28 108.012001 55.44 23.63 7.59 1.47 39.75 35.03 6.25 6.16 5.14 0.49 6.62 1.70 114.90 113.072002 71.65 24.32 8.63 2.36 48.10 38.40 8.56 6.32 6.18 0.66 8.94 1.90 140.50 148.47

Iron and steel 2000 0.66 0.10 0.06 0.11 0.45 0.60 0.02 1.48 0.05 0.08 0.16 0.03 2.99 7.152001 0.46 0.11 0.07 0.15 0.30 0.99 0.03 1.88 0.06 0.10 0.20 0.05 2.02 7.272002 0.53 0.10 0.07 0.36 0.34 1.32 0.04 1.94 0.08 0.16 0.23 0.04 2.03 9.54

Chemicals 2000 1.78 4.07 0.51 0.18 2.57 3.88 0.22 1.25 0.31 0.09 0.34 0.80 6.37 19.642001 1.97 4.04 0.67 0.20 2.74 4.34 0.26 1.34 0.40 0.13 0.40 1.27 6.91 20.462002 2.39 4.98 0.75 0.29 3.06 5.23 0.32 1.72 0.47 0.16 0.49 1.54 7.84 24.70

Other semi- 2000 4.75 1.28 0.61 0.17 3.77 2.36 0.19 0.13 0.62 0.17 0.78 0.02 7.94 8.12manufactures 2001 5.37 1.21 0.60 0.22 4.04 2.62 0.22 0.16 0.62 0.14 0.92 0.01 8.72 7.75

2002 7.07 1.36 0.64 0.34 4.62 3.10 0.39 0.18 0.74 0.23 1.13 0.06 10.65 8.54

Machinery and 2000 19.19 12.12 2.07 0.49 16.28 20.04 1.05 0.49 1.21 0.07 1.71 0.21 40.93 54.17transport 2001 20.86 15.32 2.59 0.84 17.75 23.70 1.68 2.58 1.55 0.11 2.05 0.28 48.30 58.56equipment 2002 29.88 14.98 2.85 1.30 21.81 24.85 2.52 2.37 2.02 0.10 2.87 0.16 65.03 82.59

Power generating 2000 0.35 0.76 0.03 0.01 0.25 1.36 0.00 0.10 0.04 0.00 0.10 0.00 1.75 1.51machinery 2001 0.37 0.68 0.04 0.04 0.26 1.13 0.01 0.29 0.08 0.00 0.11 0.00 1.67 1.32

2002 0.42 0.49 0.04 0.04 0.26 1.21 0.04 0.65 0.11 0.00 0.11 0.00 2.02 1.55

Other non- 2000 1.95 2.47 0.40 0.03 1.54 6.85 0.13 0.05 0.33 0.03 0.45 0.02 3.71 11.88electrical 2001 2.23 3.05 0.50 0.05 1.90 9.31 0.26 0.07 0.38 0.06 0.64 0.03 4.34 13.21machinery 2002 3.14 3.48 0.42 0.10 2.14 11.77 0.42 0.12 0.50 0.01 0.68 0.03 5.67 16.70

Office and 2000 10.86 5.53 0.90 0.29 8.66 7.00 0.67 0.10 0.25 0.04 0.40 0.11 21.76 28.59telecommunication 2001 11.60 7.23 1.09 0.48 9.71 6.67 0.98 0.13 0.35 0.04 0.55 0.15 27.98 31.22equipment 2002 18.24 6.33 1.44 0.88 12.64 4.17 1.49 0.38 0.46 0.09 0.83 0.08 40.42 47.61

Electrical 2000 4.13 1.13 0.50 0.06 3.61 2.37 0.17 0.03 0.32 0.00 0.41 0.04 9.35 9.52machinery and 2001 4.69 1.48 0.62 0.08 3.70 3.03 0.33 0.11 0.40 0.00 0.43 0.05 9.92 9.90apparatus 2002 5.62 1.44 0.57 0.10 4.51 3.25 0.43 0.07 0.48 0.00 0.55 0.04 12.14 12.27

Automotive 2000 0.57 0.58 0.04 0.01 0.22 1.33 0.02 0.11 0.07 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.54 1.76products 2001 0.68 0.43 0.06 0.11 0.22 2.24 0.02 0.08 0.08 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.68 2.04

2002 0.99 0.48 0.07 0.12 0.26 2.90 0.04 0.12 0.12 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.93 3.35

Other transport 2000 1.34 1.63 0.21 0.08 2.00 1.12 0.05 0.10 0.19 0.00 0.23 0.03 3.83 0.91equipment 2001 1.30 2.45 0.28 0.07 1.95 1.32 0.08 1.89 0.26 0.00 0.17 0.06 3.72 0.88

2002 1.46 2.76 0.31 0.07 1.99 1.56 0.10 1.05 0.35 0.00 0.44 0.00 3.85 1.11

Textiles 2000 1.40 0.15 0.74 0.00 1.67 0.35 0.35 0.02 0.85 0.00 0.67 0.00 10.46 11.042001 1.40 0.17 0.86 0.01 1.70 0.44 0.44 0.01 1.13 0.00 0.83 0.00 10.46 10.572002 1.97 0.21 1.07 0.01 2.07 0.50 0.54 0.01 1.21 0.01 1.39 0.00 12.31 10.50

Clothing 2000 5.32 0.01 1.32 0.00 4.16 0.04 2.13 0.00 0.56 0.00 0.95 0.00 21.62 1.122001 5.50 0.01 1.34 0.00 4.32 0.06 2.31 0.00 0.49 0.00 1.11 0.00 21.57 1.182002 6.06 0.01 1.72 0.00 5.27 0.08 2.90 0.00 0.64 0.00 1.36 0.00 23.34 1.23

Other consumer 2000 19.70 1.97 1.35 0.04 8.85 2.11 1.34 0.11 0.72 0.01 0.99 0.04 16.96 6.76goods 2001 19.89 2.77 1.46 0.05 8.89 2.88 1.31 0.20 0.88 0.01 1.10 0.07 16.91 7.28

2002 23.76 2.69 1.53 0.05 10.93 3.33 1.85 0.09 1.02 0.01 1.45 0.09 19.29 11.37

Total merchandise a 2000 55.33 26.13 7.08 5.40 41.01 33.12 5.74 7.80 4.90 5.56 6.16 9.99 128.82 129.932001 57.71 30.25 8.13 6.68 43.23 38.38 6.83 10.26 5.87 4.79 7.08 9.16 137.11 135.272002 74.37 30.89 9.38 8.31 51.17 42.03 9.41 11.68 6.92 5.43 9.51 9.47 164.82 172.37

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Table A13 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - China

(Billion dollars)

Japan United States EU (15) Hong Kong, China Taipei, Chinese Korea, Republic of World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 5.78 0.82 1.18 3.47 1.89 1.86 1.95 0.14 0.25 0.56 1.75 0.69 16.38 19.542001 6.03 0.86 1.24 3.71 1.99 1.49 1.93 0.13 0.20 0.55 1.69 0.56 16.63 20.122002 6.05 0.94 1.67 3.83 1.82 1.39 2.11 0.11 0.32 0.65 2.11 0.52 18.80 21.85

Food 2000 5.00 0.26 0.92 2.14 1.27 0.77 1.80 0.03 0.09 0.06 1.44 0.11 13.56 9.042001 5.30 0.21 1.00 2.18 1.47 0.58 1.80 0.03 0.08 0.05 1.45 0.10 14.22 9.372002 5.35 0.20 1.38 2.05 1.26 0.53 1.96 0.03 0.16 0.05 1.87 0.10 16.16 9.89

Raw materials 2000 0.78 0.56 0.26 1.33 0.62 1.08 0.16 0.11 0.15 0.50 0.31 0.58 2.82 10.502001 0.73 0.65 0.24 1.53 0.52 0.91 0.13 0.09 0.12 0.51 0.24 0.46 2.40 10.762002 0.69 0.75 0.30 1.78 0.55 0.86 0.15 0.08 0.16 0.60 0.24 0.42 2.63 11.96

Mining products 2000 2.78 1.42 1.13 1.07 1.12 1.16 2.07 0.57 0.52 1.24 1.54 2.71 12.43 33.942001 2.72 1.81 0.78 1.10 1.23 1.17 2.13 0.61 0.66 1.30 1.78 2.57 13.05 31.822002 2.62 1.85 0.76 1.10 1.08 1.26 2.39 0.54 0.70 1.54 1.94 2.02 13.57 34.95

Ores and other 2000 0.31 0.31 0.19 0.61 0.23 0.42 0.05 0.26 0.04 0.08 0.15 0.03 1.22 6.56minerals 2001 0.31 0.55 0.18 0.78 0.28 0.56 0.06 0.32 0.04 0.07 0.14 0.03 1.31 8.15

2002 0.28 0.53 0.18 0.75 0.31 0.49 0.07 0.24 0.05 0.06 0.15 0.04 1.31 8.14

Fuels 2000 1.97 0.23 0.69 0.10 0.39 0.34 1.15 0.15 0.25 0.11 0.97 2.02 7.86 20.642001 2.00 0.28 0.37 0.10 0.51 0.22 1.19 0.15 0.45 0.19 1.21 1.93 8.40 17.472002 1.92 0.36 0.38 0.15 0.46 0.31 1.16 0.15 0.42 0.23 1.13 1.33 8.44 19.28

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.50 0.88 0.25 0.36 0.49 0.40 0.88 0.17 0.23 1.05 0.42 0.67 3.36 6.752001 0.41 0.98 0.23 0.22 0.44 0.39 0.88 0.14 0.18 1.04 0.42 0.61 3.34 6.212002 0.42 0.96 0.21 0.20 0.30 0.46 1.17 0.15 0.23 1.25 0.65 0.66 3.82 7.52

Manufactures 2000 33.07 39.26 49.83 17.67 35.21 27.81 40.47 8.65 4.27 23.69 8.00 19.79 219.86 169.882001 36.15 40.11 52.32 21.26 37.71 33.04 42.46 8.64 4.13 25.49 9.05 20.24 235.82 189.922002 39.73 50.65 67.60 22.15 45.36 35.86 53.95 10.02 5.57 35.87 11.49 26.00 292.57 236.81

Iron and steel 2000 0.60 2.94 0.57 0.09 0.38 0.55 0.38 0.05 0.52 1.99 0.78 1.84 4.39 9.692001 0.39 2.75 0.40 0.09 0.29 0.91 0.37 0.04 0.27 2.23 0.43 1.83 3.15 10.752002 0.39 3.83 0.45 0.08 0.33 1.20 0.29 0.02 0.23 3.05 0.48 1.88 3.32 13.60

Chemicals 2000 1.49 5.32 1.66 3.45 2.42 3.55 1.42 0.93 0.38 5.02 0.77 5.13 12.10 30.212001 1.58 5.15 1.84 3.42 2.58 3.96 1.42 0.96 0.38 5.39 0.87 5.17 13.35 32.102002 1.61 6.28 2.24 4.31 2.83 4.76 1.53 1.05 0.51 6.44 1.02 5.76 15.32 39.04

Other semi- 2000 2.26 1.88 4.45 1.15 3.58 2.29 2.98 0.54 0.41 1.64 0.51 2.14 18.66 12.54manufactures 2001 2.57 1.89 5.03 1.07 3.87 2.56 3.22 0.54 0.39 1.62 0.71 2.01 20.50 12.41

2002 2.88 2.14 6.61 1.21 4.40 3.01 3.80 0.55 0.50 1.95 1.13 1.83 25.25 14.31

Machinery and 2000 9.72 22.74 18.32 10.90 15.38 19.17 16.35 4.09 2.02 10.83 3.00 7.16 82.60 91.93transport 2001 11.89 24.11 19.98 13.82 17.20 22.58 19.35 4.09 2.22 11.93 3.64 7.69 94.90 107.02equipment 2002 15.51 31.23 28.67 13.73 20.89 23.38 26.93 5.35 3.33 18.09 4.46 12.23 126.98 137.01

Power generating 2000 0.66 0.63 0.33 0.47 0.24 1.29 0.57 0.15 0.04 0.20 0.18 0.29 2.52 4.09machinery 2001 0.59 0.46 0.34 0.45 0.25 1.07 0.52 0.15 0.05 0.21 0.20 0.23 2.53 3.84

2002 0.61 0.53 0.39 0.38 0.24 1.10 0.66 0.17 0.06 0.26 0.26 0.21 3.00 4.49

Other non- 2000 0.84 6.23 1.79 2.34 1.41 6.29 0.96 0.44 0.26 3.15 0.17 1.23 8.52 21.44electrical 2001 1.09 7.03 2.06 2.86 1.77 8.55 1.15 0.43 0.25 3.34 0.21 1.53 10.25 25.93machinery 2002 1.37 8.97 2.94 3.28 1.97 10.92 1.48 0.49 0.36 4.20 0.31 1.93 12.97 32.66

Office and 2000 5.01 9.46 10.46 5.22 8.39 6.92 9.64 2.29 0.82 5.28 1.52 4.46 43.50 44.43telecommunication 2001 6.61 9.94 11.26 6.70 9.56 6.54 12.30 2.34 1.04 6.06 2.03 4.48 52.26 49.56equipment 2002 9.25 12.95 17.75 5.95 12.38 3.91 18.27 3.41 1.88 10.33 2.52 8.05 75.52 66.41

Electrical 2000 2.43 4.32 3.98 1.10 3.48 2.24 4.02 1.19 0.63 1.91 0.66 1.01 18.48 14.28machinery and 2001 2.60 4.36 4.47 1.37 3.58 2.90 4.18 1.15 0.66 2.09 0.76 1.19 20.09 16.08apparatus 2002 2.98 5.08 5.30 1.37 4.33 3.06 5.29 1.27 0.79 3.07 0.94 1.63 24.31 19.91

Automotive 2000 0.26 1.49 0.53 0.20 0.21 1.33 0.06 0.00 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.13 1.58 3.80products 2001 0.33 1.70 0.63 0.29 0.22 2.23 0.08 0.00 0.02 0.10 0.02 0.20 1.89 4.91

2002 0.43 2.89 0.92 0.25 0.25 2.86 0.09 0.00 0.03 0.10 0.03 0.31 2.68 6.96

Other transport 2000 0.52 0.60 1.24 1.57 1.66 1.10 1.10 0.02 0.25 0.18 0.44 0.04 8.01 3.89equipment 2001 0.66 0.62 1.21 2.15 1.83 1.28 1.11 0.02 0.20 0.13 0.42 0.06 7.88 6.69

2002 0.86 0.81 1.37 2.51 1.71 1.53 1.14 0.02 0.23 0.12 0.39 0.09 8.51 6.58

Textiles 2000 1.79 2.85 1.23 0.15 1.44 0.34 4.89 1.33 0.11 3.10 1.12 2.64 16.14 12.832001 1.89 2.73 1.22 0.17 1.52 0.42 4.90 1.28 0.10 2.88 1.07 2.50 16.83 12.572002 1.95 2.56 1.74 0.20 1.81 0.48 5.81 1.34 0.16 3.09 1.17 2.33 20.56 13.06

Clothing 2000 11.51 0.31 4.78 0.01 3.60 0.03 6.60 0.62 0.29 0.04 1.15 0.07 36.07 1.192001 11.88 0.27 4.91 0.01 3.74 0.06 5.83 0.67 0.25 0.04 1.60 0.07 36.65 1.272002 11.20 0.25 5.32 0.01 4.67 0.07 7.08 0.68 0.24 0.04 2.25 0.10 41.30 1.36

Other consumer 2000 5.70 3.21 18.82 1.92 8.41 1.88 7.84 1.09 0.55 1.07 0.67 0.81 49.91 11.49goods 2001 5.95 3.20 18.94 2.68 8.53 2.56 7.37 1.07 0.52 1.40 0.74 0.96 50.44 13.80

2002 6.21 4.36 22.58 2.60 10.43 2.96 8.51 1.04 0.60 3.21 0.98 1.87 59.83 18.44

Total merchandise a 2000 41.65 41.51 52.16 22.37 38.23 30.85 44.52 9.43 5.04 25.49 11.29 23.21 249.20 225.092001 44.94 42.79 54.36 26.22 40.94 35.71 46.54 9.42 5.00 27.34 12.52 23.38 266.10 243.552002 48.43 53.47 70.05 27.26 48.26 38.53 58.46 10.73 6.59 38.06 15.53 28.57 325.60 295.17

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: It should be noted that China Customs Statistics record the country of origin for imports and the country of final destination for exports. However, if the country of final destination cannot be ascertained, exports are attributed to the last known country of dispatch (see China's Customs Statistics, December 2002). For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A14

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Hong Kong, China

(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 0.30 2.33 0.01 0.61 0.13 1.86 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.29 0.01 0.12 5.24 6.492001 0.27 2.15 0.01 0.61 0.12 1.75 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.31 0.01 0.10 4.62 6.112002 0.30 2.06 0.01 0.64 0.11 1.60 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.31 0.01 0.15 4.41 6.03

Food 2000 0.26 1.81 0.01 0.55 0.10 1.23 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.19 0.01 0.10 3.28 5.282001 0.23 1.59 0.01 0.54 0.09 1.19 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.18 0.01 0.09 2.91 5.172002 0.26 1.45 0.01 0.56 0.09 1.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.22 0.01 0.13 2.70 5.12

Raw materials 2000 0.03 0.53 0.00 0.06 0.03 0.63 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.02 1.96 1.212001 0.04 0.56 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.56 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.02 1.71 0.952002 0.04 0.61 0.00 0.08 0.02 0.54 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.02 1.71 0.91

Mining products 2000 0.09 0.31 0.01 0.06 0.08 0.97 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.10 0.05 0.12 3.24 6.502001 0.04 0.24 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.95 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.07 0.03 0.03 2.65 5.942002 0.03 0.29 0.01 0.06 0.05 1.09 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.08 0.02 0.06 2.57 5.93

Ores and other 2000 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.42 0.23minerals 2001 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.34 0.19

2002 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.27 0.17

Fuels 2000 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.06 0.53 4.282001 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46 3.922002 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.43 3.87

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.08 0.25 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.84 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.06 0.05 0.04 2.29 1.982001 0.03 0.18 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.89 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.02 1.85 1.832002 0.01 0.17 0.00 0.05 0.03 1.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.01 1.87 1.89

Manufactures 2000 49.72 13.22 4.81 0.61 32.56 18.33 0.93 0.35 1.73 0.32 2.56 1.54 100.18 158.302001 45.00 12.25 4.29 0.67 28.81 19.64 1.09 0.32 1.46 0.30 2.44 1.63 98.88 147.722002 45.29 10.43 4.06 0.72 27.87 18.29 1.33 0.79 1.27 0.30 2.62 2.08 109.11 155.64

Iron and steel 2000 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.01 1.87 2.502001 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 1.48 1.912002 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 1.70 1.87

Chemicals 2000 0.15 1.60 0.03 0.07 0.12 2.57 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.25 10.07 8.892001 0.18 1.28 0.02 0.04 0.12 2.28 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.24 8.84 7.652002 0.18 1.29 0.02 0.07 0.12 2.24 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.27 9.24 8.12

Other semi- 2000 2.94 1.33 0.14 0.26 1.62 2.31 0.03 0.09 0.08 0.13 0.47 0.78 6.73 11.13manufactures 2001 2.65 1.06 0.11 0.28 1.52 2.13 0.03 0.08 0.06 0.11 0.38 0.81 6.28 10.28

2002 2.79 1.07 0.09 0.30 1.57 2.32 0.03 0.10 0.06 0.11 0.58 1.12 6.33 10.43

Machinery and 2000 15.06 8.15 1.49 0.17 11.26 8.15 0.47 0.10 0.43 0.07 0.72 0.42 48.31 73.77transport 2001 12.96 7.42 1.32 0.25 10.14 9.73 0.59 0.09 0.37 0.09 0.83 0.48 49.82 70.17equipment 2002 13.10 6.15 1.66 0.24 9.93 8.31 0.78 0.47 0.35 0.11 0.90 0.58 60.56 79.48

Power generating 2000 0.23 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.16 0.74 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.12 1.75 2.11machinery 2001 0.18 0.11 0.03 0.00 0.15 0.79 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.10 1.57 2.01

2002 0.23 0.12 0.02 0.00 0.20 0.55 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.14 0.19 1.94 2.33

Other non- 2000 0.61 0.73 0.09 0.01 0.38 1.66 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.05 0.03 4.75 5.57electrical 2001 0.67 0.60 0.09 0.01 0.35 1.67 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.02 4.51 5.30machinery 2002 0.68 0.55 0.07 0.01 0.33 1.59 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.02 5.00 5.58

Office and 2000 9.75 5.81 1.04 0.13 7.52 3.58 0.32 0.05 0.27 0.01 0.52 0.19 30.63 49.60telecommunication 2001 8.11 5.28 0.87 0.21 6.97 3.95 0.41 0.04 0.24 0.02 0.57 0.30 32.98 47.65equipment 2002 7.95 4.45 1.27 0.21 6.74 3.79 0.58 0.40 0.23 0.05 0.62 0.30 41.92 55.51

Electrical 2000 4.19 1.10 0.29 0.02 3.06 1.21 0.12 0.04 0.07 0.00 0.11 0.01 10.00 14.34machinery and 2001 3.81 0.94 0.30 0.02 2.54 1.21 0.16 0.04 0.06 0.01 0.10 0.01 9.53 13.22apparatus 2002 4.09 0.86 0.27 0.02 2.55 1.09 0.17 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.09 0.01 10.10 14.07

Automotive 2000 0.04 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.84 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.68 1.20products 2001 0.03 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.03 1.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.84 1.17

2002 0.03 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.02 1.12 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.06 1.20 1.05

Other transport 2000 0.23 0.35 0.03 0.00 0.09 0.12 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.50 0.96equipment 2001 0.15 0.45 0.03 0.00 0.10 1.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.82

2002 0.12 0.14 0.02 0.00 0.09 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.94

Textiles 2000 0.60 0.29 0.23 0.01 0.28 0.89 0.02 0.00 0.33 0.01 0.15 0.01 11.83 12.502001 0.54 0.27 0.18 0.01 0.23 0.88 0.01 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.16 0.02 10.81 11.002002 0.48 0.23 0.21 0.02 0.22 0.86 0.01 0.00 0.26 0.01 0.18 0.02 11.00 10.88

Clothing 2000 8.99 0.07 1.11 0.01 7.05 0.63 0.08 0.00 0.31 0.01 0.35 0.00 6.32 15.292001 9.02 0.08 1.12 0.02 6.30 0.68 0.08 0.00 0.23 0.01 0.31 0.00 6.39 15.312002 8.87 0.07 0.88 0.02 6.13 0.65 0.09 0.00 0.18 0.01 0.26 0.01 5.93 14.89

Other consumer 2000 21.98 1.75 1.81 0.05 12.23 3.41 0.33 0.01 0.54 0.01 0.84 0.06 15.06 34.20goods 2001 19.65 2.11 1.54 0.03 10.50 3.56 0.36 0.01 0.45 0.01 0.74 0.08 15.26 31.41

2002 19.86 1.59 1.19 0.03 9.91 3.65 0.41 0.01 0.36 0.01 0.66 0.07 14.35 29.97

Total merchandise a 2000 50.13 15.89 4.83 1.28 33.22 21.49 0.93 0.59 1.75 0.94 2.62 1.78 109.16 172.062001 45.32 14.68 4.31 1.34 29.43 22.54 1.09 0.46 1.47 0.73 2.51 1.78 106.91 160.472002 45.63 12.80 4.08 1.42 28.75 21.01 1.34 0.94 1.29 0.68 2.73 2.28 117.30 168.02

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Table A14 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Hong Kong, China

(Billion dollars)

China United States EU (15) Japan Taipei, Chinese Korea, Republic of World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 3.93 2.47 0.24 1.93 0.12 1.77 0.18 0.48 0.15 0.36 0.07 0.23 5.69 11.732001 3.52 2.39 0.22 1.78 0.10 1.67 0.11 0.43 0.10 0.26 0.04 0.22 5.03 11.062002 3.37 2.42 0.23 1.72 0.09 1.51 0.09 0.45 0.09 0.28 0.04 0.18 4.85 10.81

Food 2000 2.19 2.21 0.21 1.53 0.09 1.14 0.12 0.38 0.10 0.16 0.04 0.11 3.66 9.172001 1.95 2.17 0.19 1.38 0.07 1.11 0.09 0.34 0.07 0.15 0.03 0.12 3.26 8.752002 1.80 2.18 0.21 1.27 0.07 0.98 0.06 0.37 0.06 0.16 0.02 0.11 3.07 8.54

Raw materials 2000 1.73 0.26 0.03 0.40 0.03 0.62 0.06 0.10 0.05 0.20 0.03 0.12 2.03 2.562001 1.57 0.22 0.03 0.40 0.03 0.56 0.03 0.09 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.10 1.77 2.312002 1.57 0.24 0.03 0.44 0.02 0.53 0.03 0.08 0.03 0.13 0.02 0.07 1.77 2.27

Mining products 2000 2.62 1.88 0.09 0.21 0.04 0.36 0.06 0.51 0.09 0.34 0.05 1.33 3.47 8.262001 2.20 1.97 0.04 0.14 0.04 0.25 0.03 0.50 0.05 0.31 0.03 0.95 2.78 7.422002 2.17 2.04 0.02 0.18 0.03 0.23 0.04 0.45 0.06 0.31 0.03 0.86 2.68 7.62

Ores and other 2000 0.31 0.11 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.48 0.40minerals 2001 0.27 0.11 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.38 0.32

2002 0.21 0.10 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.31 0.27

Fuels 2000 0.39 1.23 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.06 0.00 1.02 0.54 4.532001 0.35 1.23 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.71 0.46 4.042002 0.32 1.25 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.65 0.44 4.13

Non-ferrous metals 2000 1.92 0.55 0.08 0.16 0.02 0.25 0.03 0.32 0.05 0.26 0.02 0.30 2.45 3.332001 1.58 0.63 0.03 0.09 0.02 0.19 0.02 0.33 0.03 0.21 0.01 0.23 1.94 3.062002 1.64 0.69 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.19 0.03 0.36 0.03 0.22 0.01 0.20 1.94 3.22

Manufactures 2000 63.08 87.36 46.63 12.33 30.63 16.38 10.94 24.55 4.87 15.24 3.56 8.78 192.50 192.662001 64.27 83.07 42.10 11.53 27.29 17.47 11.09 21.71 4.37 13.26 3.25 7.90 181.97 182.532002 72.71 87.08 42.33 9.83 26.29 16.01 10.56 22.40 4.26 14.20 3.81 8.65 191.55 188.25

Iron and steel 2000 1.85 0.29 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.92 0.01 0.65 0.00 0.39 1.88 3.192001 1.46 0.30 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.32 1.49 2.522002 1.68 0.26 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.71 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.31 1.71 2.43

Chemicals 2000 8.96 1.37 0.14 1.49 0.11 2.32 0.07 2.23 0.25 1.92 0.10 1.16 10.43 13.422001 7.84 1.33 0.16 1.19 0.12 2.02 0.07 1.79 0.21 1.61 0.10 0.97 9.26 11.532002 8.27 1.42 0.17 1.17 0.11 1.94 0.06 1.97 0.21 1.72 0.10 0.99 9.64 12.02

Other semi- 2000 4.83 5.10 2.75 1.18 1.49 2.21 0.45 1.17 0.15 0.62 0.05 0.80 12.02 16.02manufactures 2001 4.38 5.00 2.48 0.95 1.41 2.02 0.47 1.01 0.13 0.52 0.05 0.67 11.04 14.76

2002 4.31 5.15 2.60 0.99 1.44 2.17 0.46 1.00 0.12 0.44 0.06 0.55 11.46 15.46

Machinery and 2000 29.69 31.78 14.21 7.60 10.82 7.84 4.17 15.45 3.27 8.69 2.60 4.53 77.73 90.83transport 2001 32.99 30.52 12.20 7.02 9.85 9.32 4.27 13.82 2.84 7.81 2.22 4.39 76.02 88.23equipment 2002 41.60 34.93 12.33 5.84 9.59 7.96 4.35 14.98 2.88 9.18 2.68 5.38 87.29 95.35

Power generating 2000 1.16 1.23 0.22 0.08 0.16 0.74 0.19 0.36 0.04 0.13 0.07 0.01 2.21 3.09machinery 2001 1.01 1.13 0.18 0.09 0.14 0.79 0.20 0.32 0.03 0.13 0.06 0.01 2.03 3.02

2002 1.28 1.37 0.21 0.11 0.19 0.55 0.13 0.37 0.03 0.10 0.07 0.02 2.56 3.20

Other non- 2000 3.78 1.72 0.56 0.69 0.36 1.53 0.13 2.31 0.14 0.70 0.05 0.18 5.97 8.01electrical 2001 3.71 1.82 0.62 0.56 0.33 1.54 0.18 2.10 0.10 0.59 0.05 0.16 5.74 7.60machinery 2002 4.15 1.99 0.62 0.50 0.30 1.48 0.21 2.21 0.11 0.56 0.05 0.17 6.18 7.76

Office and 2000 18.37 19.28 9.22 5.35 7.24 3.47 2.40 8.68 2.31 6.66 2.05 3.97 50.07 59.37telecommunication 2001 21.77 18.39 7.65 4.99 6.80 3.74 2.48 7.75 2.08 6.24 1.75 3.84 50.16 57.47equipment 2002 28.56 21.76 7.52 4.26 6.52 3.62 2.62 8.68 2.15 7.68 2.21 4.76 59.30 64.70

Electrical 2000 5.68 8.86 3.96 1.06 2.95 1.15 1.35 2.92 0.69 1.10 0.41 0.30 17.83 16.72machinery and 2001 5.66 8.69 3.58 0.88 2.45 1.16 1.32 2.46 0.58 0.80 0.34 0.29 16.50 15.45apparatus 2002 6.38 9.36 3.84 0.81 2.46 1.04 1.29 2.52 0.55 0.80 0.32 0.32 17.32 16.13

Automotive 2000 0.44 0.07 0.04 0.08 0.03 0.83 0.01 0.98 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.76 2.20products 2001 0.65 0.09 0.03 0.05 0.03 1.01 0.01 0.94 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.92 2.32

2002 1.05 0.10 0.03 0.04 0.02 1.11 0.01 0.83 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.04 1.26 2.30

Other transport 2000 0.27 0.61 0.21 0.34 0.09 0.12 0.09 0.19 0.04 0.08 0.02 0.01 0.89 1.44equipment 2001 0.18 0.41 0.13 0.45 0.10 1.09 0.08 0.25 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.67 2.37

2002 0.18 0.35 0.11 0.13 0.09 0.16 0.09 0.36 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.08 0.66 1.26

Textiles 2000 9.01 6.11 0.53 0.28 0.26 0.84 0.09 0.85 0.10 2.44 0.07 1.52 13.44 13.722001 8.34 5.76 0.47 0.26 0.21 0.82 0.10 0.73 0.06 2.00 0.05 1.17 12.21 12.182002 8.34 6.35 0.41 0.22 0.20 0.82 0.09 0.67 0.05 1.67 0.04 1.09 12.37 12.02

Clothing 2000 2.60 14.86 8.35 0.06 6.60 0.61 2.03 0.08 0.29 0.05 0.12 0.04 24.21 16.012001 2.69 14.81 8.35 0.07 5.93 0.65 2.05 0.10 0.34 0.06 0.15 0.04 23.45 16.102002 2.65 14.30 8.23 0.06 5.78 0.62 1.65 0.12 0.29 0.05 0.19 0.03 22.34 15.64

Other consumer 2000 6.14 27.85 20.66 1.68 11.35 2.24 4.13 3.85 0.79 0.87 0.63 0.33 52.78 39.48goods 2001 6.57 25.35 18.44 2.01 9.77 2.34 4.13 3.63 0.79 0.79 0.68 0.35 48.49 37.20

2002 5.86 24.67 18.58 1.53 9.16 2.30 3.95 2.95 0.72 0.77 0.73 0.30 46.74 35.34

Total merchandise a 2000 69.84 91.77 46.98 14.49 31.05 18.82 11.19 25.58 5.31 15.94 3.71 10.66 202.68 214.042001 70.35 87.46 42.37 13.48 27.54 19.55 11.25 22.70 4.64 13.84 3.43 9.27 191.07 202.012002 78.65 91.59 42.61 11.74 26.77 17.79 10.77 23.35 4.47 14.80 4.19 9.76 201.15 207.17

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A15

Domestic exports and re-exports of merchandise by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Hong Kong, China(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp.

Agricultural products 2000 0.08 0.21 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.32 4.922001 0.07 0.20 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.28 4.342002 0.07 0.22 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.28 4.13

Food 2000 0.08 0.18 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 3.052001 0.07 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.20 2.702002 0.07 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.22 2.49

Raw materials 2000 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 1.872001 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 1.642002 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 1.65

Mining products 2000 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.53 2.712001 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.39 2.262002 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.38 2.19

Ores and other 2000 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.27minerals 2001 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.19

2002 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.12

Fuels 2000 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.432001 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.342002 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.30

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.27 2.012001 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.12 1.732002 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.10 1.77

Manufactures 2000 7.31 42.42 0.21 4.60 4.36 28.20 0.05 0.88 0.10 1.63 0.11 2.44 10.00 90.182001 6.41 38.59 0.21 4.09 3.36 25.45 0.03 1.05 0.08 1.38 0.09 2.36 8.61 90.272002 5.57 39.72 0.19 3.87 2.66 25.21 0.03 1.30 0.06 1.21 0.07 2.55 7.23 101.88

Iron and steel 2000 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.862001 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.472002 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.69

Chemicals 2000 0.01 0.14 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.78 9.292001 0.02 0.16 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.03 0.68 8.172002 0.01 0.17 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.02 0.65 8.58

Other semi- 2000 0.10 2.84 0.00 0.14 0.04 1.59 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.08 0.01 0.47 0.41 6.32manufactures 2001 0.06 2.60 0.00 0.11 0.03 1.49 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.38 0.35 5.92

2002 0.03 2.76 0.00 0.09 0.02 1.55 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.58 0.28 6.05

Machinery and 2000 1.11 13.95 0.05 1.44 0.92 10.34 0.01 0.45 0.01 0.42 0.03 0.69 3.63 44.68transport 2001 0.73 12.22 0.03 1.29 0.70 9.44 0.01 0.58 0.01 0.36 0.01 0.82 2.71 47.11equipment 2002 0.58 12.52 0.01 1.64 0.37 9.56 0.01 0.77 0.00 0.35 0.01 0.89 2.15 58.42

Power generating 2000 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.09 1.66machinery 2001 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.05 1.52

2002 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.14 0.02 1.91

Other non- 2000 0.02 0.59 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.37 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.43 4.32electrical 2001 0.02 0.65 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.34 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.31 4.19machinery 2002 0.02 0.66 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.05 0.26 4.73

Office and 2000 0.86 8.89 0.04 1.01 0.81 6.72 0.01 0.31 0.00 0.26 0.01 0.52 2.26 28.36telecommunication 2001 0.57 7.54 0.02 0.85 0.62 6.36 0.01 0.40 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.57 1.80 31.18equipment 2002 0.45 7.49 0.01 1.26 0.32 6.42 0.01 0.57 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.61 1.51 40.40

Electrical 2000 0.18 4.00 0.01 0.28 0.10 2.96 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.11 0.82 9.18machinery and 2001 0.13 3.68 0.01 0.29 0.07 2.47 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.09 0.54 8.99apparatus 2002 0.10 4.00 0.00 0.27 0.04 2.51 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.08 0.34 9.76

Automotive 2000 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.68products 2001 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.84

2002 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.20

Other transport 2000 0.01 0.22 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.49equipment 2001 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.38

2002 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.40

Textiles 2000 0.22 0.38 0.02 0.21 0.03 0.24 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.28 0.03 0.13 0.82 11.002001 0.19 0.35 0.02 0.16 0.04 0.19 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.24 0.02 0.14 0.74 10.072002 0.13 0.34 0.02 0.20 0.03 0.19 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.23 0.02 0.16 0.73 10.27

Clothing 2000 4.83 4.15 0.08 1.04 2.56 4.50 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.30 0.01 0.34 2.46 3.862001 4.61 4.40 0.10 1.01 2.12 4.19 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.23 0.01 0.30 2.42 3.972002 4.04 4.83 0.13 0.76 1.88 4.25 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.26 2.24 3.69

Other consumer 2000 1.04 20.94 0.06 1.75 0.81 11.41 0.03 0.30 0.03 0.51 0.05 0.79 1.89 13.17goods 2001 0.80 18.85 0.05 1.49 0.48 10.02 0.01 0.35 0.02 0.43 0.04 0.70 1.70 13.56

2002 0.76 19.10 0.03 1.17 0.35 9.56 0.01 0.40 0.02 0.34 0.03 0.63 1.17 13.18

Total merchandise a 2000 7.40 42.73 0.22 4.61 4.48 28.74 0.05 0.88 0.10 1.64 0.12 2.50 11.12 98.042001 6.50 38.82 0.22 4.10 3.59 25.84 0.03 1.06 0.08 1.39 0.10 2.40 9.71 97.202002 5.66 39.97 0.20 3.88 3.39 25.36 0.04 1.30 0.07 1.22 0.15 2.58 8.72 108.58

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Table A15 (continued)

Domestic exports and re-exports of merchandise by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Hong Kong, China(Billion dollars)

China United States EU (15) Japan Taipei, Chinese Korea, Republic of World b

dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp.

Agricultural products 2000 0.12 3.81 0.07 0.17 0.04 0.08 0.02 0.15 0.01 0.14 0.00 0.06 0.45 5.242001 0.10 3.42 0.06 0.16 0.03 0.06 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.03 0.40 4.632002 0.10 3.27 0.06 0.17 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.07 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.03 0.41 4.43

Food 2000 0.04 2.16 0.07 0.14 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.03 0.36 3.302001 0.04 1.92 0.06 0.13 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.33 2.932002 0.05 1.75 0.06 0.15 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.35 2.72

Raw materials 2000 0.08 1.65 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.09 1.942001 0.07 1.50 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.07 1.702002 0.06 1.51 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.06 1.71

Mining products 2000 0.29 2.33 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.55 2.922001 0.29 1.92 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.44 2.352002 0.29 1.87 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.41 2.27

Ores and other 2000 0.08 0.23 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.15 0.32minerals 2001 0.11 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.16 0.22

2002 0.11 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.16 0.14

Fuels 2000 0.11 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.432001 0.12 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.352002 0.13 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.30

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.10 1.82 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.29 2.162001 0.06 1.52 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.15 1.782002 0.05 1.58 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.12 1.82

Manufactures 2000 6.53 56.56 6.91 39.73 4.18 26.45 0.61 10.33 0.75 4.12 0.18 3.38 22.14 170.352001 5.95 58.32 6.02 36.08 3.23 24.06 0.49 10.60 0.66 3.72 0.14 3.11 18.79 163.182002 4.87 67.84 5.27 37.06 2.56 23.73 0.35 10.20 0.52 3.74 0.12 3.69 15.82 175.74

Iron and steel 2000 0.01 1.83 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.872001 0.01 1.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.482002 0.00 1.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.70

Chemicals 2000 0.61 8.35 0.01 0.13 0.00 0.11 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.24 0.01 0.09 0.81 9.622001 0.54 7.30 0.01 0.15 0.00 0.11 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.20 0.01 0.09 0.70 8.562002 0.53 7.74 0.01 0.15 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.19 0.00 0.10 0.68 8.96

Other semi- 2000 0.30 4.52 0.09 2.65 0.03 1.46 0.02 0.42 0.01 0.14 0.00 0.05 0.56 11.46manufactures 2001 0.26 4.12 0.06 2.42 0.02 1.38 0.02 0.45 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.05 0.45 10.59

2002 0.22 4.09 0.03 2.57 0.02 1.43 0.01 0.45 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.06 0.34 11.12

Machinery and 2000 1.90 27.79 1.07 13.14 0.89 9.93 0.29 3.88 0.40 2.87 0.09 2.51 5.76 71.97transport 2001 1.63 31.35 0.70 11.49 0.69 9.16 0.22 4.05 0.27 2.57 0.05 2.17 4.21 71.81equipment 2002 1.12 40.47 0.56 11.77 0.36 9.23 0.12 4.22 0.22 2.66 0.04 2.63 3.14 84.15

Power generating 2000 0.08 1.08 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.07 0.10 2.11machinery 2001 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.05 1.98

2002 0.02 1.26 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.02 2.54

Other non- 2000 0.25 3.53 0.02 0.54 0.01 0.35 0.01 0.12 0.04 0.10 0.01 0.04 0.48 5.49electrical 2001 0.21 3.50 0.02 0.60 0.01 0.31 0.01 0.17 0.02 0.08 0.01 0.04 0.36 5.38machinery 2002 0.17 3.98 0.02 0.61 0.01 0.30 0.01 0.20 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.04 0.30 5.88

Office and 2000 0.97 17.40 0.85 8.37 0.79 6.45 0.22 2.18 0.30 2.02 0.07 1.98 4.00 46.07telecommunication 2001 0.97 20.81 0.56 7.09 0.61 6.19 0.18 2.31 0.22 1.87 0.04 1.72 3.02 47.14equipment 2002 0.67 27.89 0.45 7.07 0.32 6.21 0.10 2.53 0.18 1.98 0.03 2.18 2.31 56.99

Electrical 2000 0.60 5.08 0.17 3.79 0.09 2.86 0.05 1.30 0.06 0.63 0.01 0.40 1.12 16.71machinery and 2001 0.41 5.26 0.11 3.47 0.06 2.39 0.04 1.29 0.04 0.55 0.00 0.34 0.76 15.75apparatus 2002 0.26 6.12 0.09 3.75 0.04 2.42 0.02 1.27 0.02 0.53 0.00 0.32 0.48 16.84

Automotive 2000 0.00 0.44 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.74products 2001 0.00 0.65 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.91

2002 0.00 1.05 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.26

Other transport 2000 0.00 0.26 0.01 0.19 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.85equipment 2001 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.67

2002 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.65

Textiles 2000 0.51 8.50 0.21 0.32 0.03 0.23 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.06 1.18 12.272001 0.47 7.87 0.18 0.29 0.03 0.18 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.05 1.05 11.162002 0.44 7.90 0.12 0.29 0.02 0.17 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.98 11.40

Clothing 2000 2.12 0.49 4.52 3.83 2.54 4.06 0.07 1.96 0.20 0.09 0.02 0.10 9.93 14.282001 2.08 0.61 4.31 4.04 2.11 3.82 0.05 2.00 0.24 0.10 0.02 0.13 9.26 14.182002 1.96 0.69 3.82 4.42 1.87 3.91 0.04 1.61 0.20 0.09 0.03 0.16 8.31 14.04

Other consumer 2000 1.08 5.07 1.00 19.65 0.69 10.66 0.20 3.93 0.11 0.68 0.06 0.57 3.90 48.89goods 2001 0.97 5.61 0.77 17.67 0.38 9.40 0.18 3.95 0.12 0.67 0.06 0.62 3.10 45.39

2002 0.59 5.27 0.73 17.85 0.27 8.89 0.17 3.78 0.08 0.64 0.03 0.70 2.37 44.37

Total merchandise a 2000 6.98 62.86 6.99 39.99 4.23 26.82 0.65 10.54 0.98 4.33 0.23 3.48 23.54 179.152001 6.54 63.81 6.10 36.26 3.33 24.21 0.53 10.72 0.78 3.85 0.24 3.19 20.27 170.792002 5.52 73.12 5.35 37.25 2.95 23.82 0.42 10.35 0.60 3.86 0.38 3.81 18.26 182.89

a Includes unspecified products.

b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A16

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Japan

(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 0.67 23.00 0.05 4.35 0.46 6.97 0.02 2.09 0.06 1.40 0.05 0.12 3.08 24.262001 0.62 20.87 0.05 3.96 0.41 6.47 0.03 1.91 0.07 1.33 0.05 0.09 3.93 22.422002 0.66 19.34 0.04 3.97 0.44 6.64 0.02 1.66 0.06 1.27 0.06 0.09 3.19 22.12

Food 2000 0.46 17.44 0.02 3.45 0.12 5.74 0.01 1.44 0.02 1.05 0.03 0.10 1.52 19.362001 0.43 16.60 0.02 3.19 0.12 5.34 0.02 1.24 0.02 0.99 0.03 0.07 2.43 18.212002 0.47 15.90 0.01 3.27 0.10 5.52 0.01 1.07 0.01 0.90 0.03 0.07 1.58 18.02

Raw materials 2000 0.21 5.56 0.03 0.90 0.34 1.22 0.01 0.65 0.04 0.35 0.03 0.02 1.57 4.902001 0.18 4.27 0.03 0.77 0.30 1.13 0.01 0.67 0.04 0.34 0.03 0.02 1.50 4.222002 0.19 3.44 0.03 0.70 0.34 1.12 0.01 0.60 0.05 0.37 0.03 0.01 1.61 4.11

Mining products 2000 1.06 3.94 0.07 4.10 0.49 1.61 0.03 2.60 0.02 2.93 0.07 47.85 5.70 35.362001 0.91 3.21 0.06 3.21 0.48 1.14 0.03 2.13 0.01 2.49 0.07 43.02 5.43 32.662002 0.62 2.72 0.06 2.81 0.34 1.20 0.04 1.81 0.01 3.50 0.06 39.54 5.70 30.11

Ores and other 2000 0.05 1.19 0.00 2.48 0.10 0.29 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.12 0.91 5.71minerals 2001 0.05 1.04 0.00 2.16 0.09 0.26 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.07 1.12 5.23

2002 0.05 0.80 0.00 2.07 0.04 0.30 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.06 1.21 5.26

Fuels 2000 0.40 1.77 0.04 0.47 0.04 0.11 0.01 0.27 0.00 0.69 0.00 47.48 1.03 26.632001 0.28 1.37 0.04 0.26 0.06 0.09 0.01 0.38 0.00 0.70 0.00 42.71 1.11 24.862002 0.20 1.26 0.04 0.14 0.06 0.19 0.00 0.42 0.00 1.72 0.00 39.30 1.09 22.59

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.61 0.98 0.03 1.15 0.35 1.21 0.02 2.25 0.02 1.81 0.07 0.25 3.75 3.012001 0.58 0.80 0.02 0.79 0.34 0.79 0.01 1.67 0.01 1.36 0.06 0.24 3.20 2.572002 0.37 0.66 0.02 0.61 0.23 0.70 0.03 1.34 0.00 1.36 0.05 0.19 3.40 2.26

Manufactures 2000 144.28 52.54 12.88 2.08 79.35 42.30 2.42 0.95 4.03 0.59 9.34 1.24 190.62 112.972001 122.22 45.56 11.38 1.86 65.08 40.75 2.36 1.03 3.58 0.68 10.05 1.18 154.62 106.852002 121.12 42.03 10.26 1.77 61.76 39.95 2.79 0.96 3.82 0.86 10.96 1.05 171.68 107.11

Iron and steel 2000 1.64 0.20 0.65 0.16 0.62 0.25 0.07 0.15 0.22 0.30 0.53 0.01 11.10 2.602001 1.50 0.15 0.59 0.14 0.76 0.24 0.07 0.18 0.21 0.23 0.73 0.00 9.71 1.842002 1.18 0.12 0.58 0.14 0.51 0.18 0.07 0.14 0.25 0.23 0.63 0.00 12.29 1.63

Chemicals 2000 7.28 7.82 0.54 0.35 5.51 11.15 0.08 0.13 0.15 0.05 0.21 0.48 21.40 6.052001 6.40 7.38 0.48 0.31 5.28 10.95 0.07 0.14 0.13 0.04 0.20 0.45 18.12 5.972002 6.75 7.52 0.45 0.29 5.20 11.07 0.07 0.14 0.14 0.04 0.22 0.46 20.42 5.99

Other semi- 2000 5.43 3.07 0.69 0.10 2.92 2.58 0.17 0.08 0.32 0.04 0.60 0.37 9.86 9.08manufactures 2001 4.48 2.73 0.67 0.09 2.74 2.48 0.15 0.07 0.32 0.03 0.63 0.30 8.17 8.90

2002 4.86 2.39 0.55 0.08 2.59 2.43 0.18 0.08 0.33 0.03 0.68 0.27 8.65 9.30

Machinery and 2000 116.17 30.48 10.19 1.17 61.82 17.43 1.94 0.45 3.14 0.15 7.24 0.22 122.41 56.17transport 2001 98.26 25.34 8.89 1.07 49.03 16.12 1.91 0.49 2.72 0.31 7.78 0.21 97.61 51.77equipment 2002 98.02 23.60 8.08 1.04 46.71 15.32 2.31 0.43 2.90 0.50 8.73 0.16 108.13 53.13

Power generating 2000 1.93 2.60 0.40 0.01 0.89 0.60 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.22 0.00 2.91 1.24machinery 2001 2.82 2.88 0.49 0.01 0.99 0.75 0.06 0.01 0.17 0.00 0.15 0.00 2.11 1.13

2002 2.08 3.01 0.46 0.02 0.93 0.61 0.02 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.10 0.00 2.25 1.11

Other non- 2000 15.80 3.96 1.54 0.05 10.13 3.50 0.36 0.01 0.54 0.00 1.13 0.04 31.27 3.60electrical 2001 12.50 3.47 1.40 0.04 8.61 3.78 0.36 0.03 0.45 0.01 1.06 0.04 23.91 3.92machinery 2002 11.70 3.05 1.10 0.04 7.51 3.59 0.49 0.03 0.43 0.03 1.23 0.02 25.60 4.13

Office and 2000 34.33 14.59 1.95 0.73 23.22 4.78 0.43 0.23 0.23 0.01 0.57 0.13 47.45 40.39telecommunication 2001 25.12 11.84 1.56 0.66 17.85 3.86 0.30 0.20 0.17 0.01 0.55 0.12 37.21 35.89equipment 2002 21.64 9.34 1.15 0.64 16.15 3.00 0.40 0.16 0.16 0.01 0.51 0.10 41.21 36.05

Electrical 2000 9.41 4.05 1.43 0.06 7.17 1.74 0.33 0.06 0.13 0.00 0.55 0.05 20.77 8.82machinery and 2001 6.49 3.01 0.97 0.07 4.52 1.68 0.46 0.06 0.14 0.00 0.45 0.04 16.53 8.67apparatus 2002 5.45 2.37 0.71 0.07 3.80 1.61 0.45 0.06 0.14 0.00 0.47 0.03 16.88 9.39

Automotive 2000 47.16 2.31 3.90 0.29 14.78 6.02 0.71 0.15 1.87 0.12 4.53 0.00 15.13 1.07products 2001 44.00 1.93 3.64 0.26 11.95 5.45 0.62 0.18 1.55 0.29 5.27 0.00 13.29 1.12

2002 49.95 2.15 3.62 0.24 13.82 5.55 0.81 0.18 1.91 0.46 6.01 0.00 16.39 1.32

Other transport 2000 7.53 2.98 0.97 0.04 5.62 0.80 0.09 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.24 0.00 4.89 1.05equipment 2001 7.33 2.21 0.82 0.01 5.12 0.60 0.11 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.29 0.00 4.56 1.05

2002 7.20 3.68 1.03 0.02 4.50 0.97 0.14 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.40 0.00 5.79 1.13

Textiles 2000 0.62 0.35 0.06 0.03 0.67 0.73 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.27 0.04 5.35 3.752001 0.51 0.31 0.05 0.03 0.56 0.72 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.27 0.03 4.75 3.642002 0.49 0.28 0.04 0.03 0.54 0.66 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.26 0.02 4.66 3.51

Clothing 2000 0.10 0.50 0.00 0.07 0.12 1.52 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.31 17.572001 0.09 0.38 0.00 0.06 0.09 1.53 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.29 17.152002 0.08 0.28 0.00 0.06 0.08 1.53 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.31 15.64

Other consumer 2000 13.04 10.12 0.75 0.20 7.71 8.65 0.14 0.08 0.18 0.02 0.49 0.11 20.19 17.75goods 2001 10.98 9.28 0.69 0.17 6.63 8.71 0.14 0.10 0.16 0.03 0.44 0.18 15.97 17.58

2002 9.74 7.84 0.57 0.13 6.13 8.75 0.14 0.10 0.16 0.03 0.44 0.14 17.22 17.91

Total merchandise a 2000 151.66 81.22 13.22 10.60 83.69 51.75 2.52 5.78 4.20 4.93 9.71 49.25 207.49 176.132001 129.34 71.52 11.68 9.12 68.74 49.34 2.44 5.13 3.73 4.52 10.52 44.34 171.82 165.342002 127.75 65.97 10.51 8.62 65.43 48.70 2.91 4.56 3.94 5.66 11.38 40.73 189.66 163.36

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Table A16 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Japan

(Billion dollars)

United States EU (15) China Korea, Republic of Taipei, Chinese Hong Kong, China World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 0.62 17.86 0.44 5.94 0.63 7.03 0.52 1.93 0.51 1.24 0.52 0.06 4.39 62.192001 0.57 16.32 0.39 5.53 0.73 6.93 0.47 1.59 0.46 1.05 0.46 0.04 5.16 57.052002 0.62 15.01 0.42 5.68 0.83 6.83 0.47 1.46 0.51 1.19 0.48 0.03 4.47 55.09

Food 2000 0.42 14.86 0.11 4.75 0.14 5.95 0.26 1.73 0.36 1.00 0.40 0.05 2.17 48.582001 0.39 13.97 0.11 4.43 0.17 5.99 0.26 1.42 0.33 0.85 0.36 0.03 3.06 45.642002 0.44 13.22 0.10 4.59 0.17 5.92 0.28 1.29 0.35 0.99 0.38 0.03 2.21 44.75

Raw materials 2000 0.20 2.99 0.32 1.19 0.49 1.07 0.27 0.20 0.16 0.23 0.12 0.00 2.22 13.612001 0.17 2.36 0.28 1.10 0.56 0.94 0.21 0.18 0.13 0.20 0.10 0.00 2.10 11.412002 0.18 1.79 0.32 1.09 0.66 0.90 0.19 0.17 0.17 0.20 0.09 0.00 2.26 10.34

Mining products 2000 1.03 2.45 0.46 1.26 1.18 3.26 1.30 3.68 1.08 0.31 0.53 0.04 7.44 98.392001 0.89 1.90 0.43 0.96 1.50 2.93 1.36 3.22 0.86 0.22 0.46 0.02 7.00 87.852002 0.59 1.68 0.32 0.95 1.52 2.86 1.38 2.42 1.04 0.27 0.41 0.02 6.81 81.69

Ores and other 2000 0.04 0.73 0.09 0.25 0.33 0.49 0.36 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.02 0.03 1.06 10.30minerals 2001 0.05 0.62 0.08 0.22 0.51 0.44 0.35 0.08 0.14 0.09 0.02 0.01 1.27 9.26

2002 0.05 0.49 0.04 0.25 0.52 0.40 0.35 0.09 0.20 0.12 0.02 0.01 1.30 8.95

Fuels 2000 0.39 1.13 0.04 0.05 0.22 2.18 0.27 3.42 0.07 0.03 0.13 0.00 1.52 77.432001 0.28 0.78 0.06 0.09 0.23 2.03 0.45 3.00 0.07 0.06 0.14 0.00 1.51 70.362002 0.20 0.78 0.06 0.13 0.30 2.02 0.43 2.19 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.00 1.40 65.64

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.59 0.59 0.34 0.97 0.63 0.60 0.67 0.17 0.89 0.15 0.38 0.01 4.85 10.662001 0.56 0.49 0.30 0.66 0.76 0.45 0.56 0.14 0.65 0.07 0.30 0.01 4.22 8.232002 0.35 0.41 0.22 0.57 0.70 0.44 0.61 0.14 0.76 0.07 0.33 0.01 4.11 7.10

Manufactures 2000 136.80 50.54 74.83 38.79 27.78 44.37 27.81 14.51 33.01 15.81 25.05 1.36 449.69 212.672001 115.63 43.72 61.26 37.20 27.78 47.52 22.40 12.06 21.76 12.33 21.12 1.17 374.38 197.902002 113.98 40.34 58.07 36.46 35.90 51.66 25.64 11.28 23.50 11.44 23.11 1.08 387.50 193.75

Iron and steel 2000 1.42 0.19 0.46 0.22 2.13 0.62 2.50 1.27 1.38 0.43 0.96 0.00 14.83 3.662001 1.36 0.14 0.52 0.21 2.08 0.41 2.22 0.90 0.99 0.30 0.65 0.00 13.57 2.782002 1.02 0.11 0.39 0.16 2.92 0.45 3.00 0.70 1.21 0.28 0.79 0.00 15.50 2.44

Chemicals 2000 7.11 7.48 5.14 10.05 3.98 1.60 4.21 1.16 4.91 0.95 2.35 0.02 35.16 26.042001 6.25 7.10 4.90 9.86 3.92 1.69 3.87 1.10 3.72 0.85 1.86 0.01 30.68 25.242002 6.60 7.20 4.83 10.01 4.97 1.75 4.24 1.11 4.08 0.74 2.13 0.01 33.25 25.50

Other semi- 2000 5.11 2.65 2.71 2.48 1.58 2.78 1.15 0.98 1.57 0.62 1.33 0.14 19.96 15.31manufactures 2001 4.20 2.39 2.57 2.37 1.52 3.08 1.08 0.95 1.09 0.56 1.08 0.14 17.16 14.60

2002 4.53 2.12 2.43 2.35 1.70 3.48 1.21 0.88 1.10 0.54 1.18 0.15 17.84 14.59

Machinery and 2000 109.92 29.63 58.40 16.77 15.35 12.99 15.94 8.08 19.23 11.40 15.91 0.72 329.66 106.07transport 2001 92.69 24.46 46.28 15.46 15.58 15.09 12.01 6.90 12.22 8.66 13.67 0.59 271.29 95.30equipment 2002 91.93 22.79 43.94 14.76 20.96 19.03 13.71 6.85 13.22 8.14 14.93 0.55 280.00 94.18

Power generating 2000 1.82 2.57 0.85 0.54 0.51 0.69 0.39 0.07 0.27 0.07 0.19 0.00 6.42 4.45machinery 2001 2.67 2.85 0.93 0.68 0.39 0.64 0.34 0.08 0.26 0.06 0.18 0.01 6.80 4.79

2002 1.97 2.99 0.83 0.56 0.36 0.62 0.41 0.08 0.49 0.05 0.17 0.01 5.90 4.76

Other non- 2000 15.05 3.88 9.60 3.12 4.59 1.08 5.13 0.66 7.26 0.60 2.66 0.03 60.77 11.16electrical 2001 11.91 3.37 8.25 3.41 5.03 1.35 3.46 0.71 4.21 0.55 2.19 0.03 48.28 11.29machinery 2002 11.10 2.95 7.11 3.23 6.63 1.69 3.75 0.74 3.83 0.51 2.38 0.03 48.05 10.90

Office and 2000 33.24 14.17 22.86 4.67 5.25 6.42 6.13 6.43 6.59 9.43 7.98 0.54 108.18 60.87telecommunication 2001 24.18 11.41 17.58 3.77 5.20 8.13 4.78 5.15 4.17 6.90 6.82 0.42 82.76 52.58equipment 2002 20.81 9.03 15.90 2.96 7.33 10.95 5.77 5.05 4.96 6.54 7.82 0.37 81.24 49.30

Electrical 2000 9.03 3.97 6.92 1.64 3.39 4.15 3.37 0.70 3.22 0.82 3.51 0.13 39.79 14.77machinery and 2001 6.10 2.94 4.33 1.57 3.20 4.21 2.49 0.71 2.42 0.74 2.78 0.10 29.56 13.52apparatus 2002 5.26 2.29 3.60 1.51 3.63 4.83 2.60 0.69 2.56 0.67 2.94 0.13 27.91 13.52

Automotive 2000 43.92 2.16 13.18 6.02 1.31 0.20 0.66 0.14 1.30 0.21 0.91 0.00 88.08 9.96products 2001 40.96 1.80 10.89 5.45 1.45 0.22 0.65 0.17 0.84 0.18 0.84 0.00 80.32 9.24

2002 46.04 2.04 12.69 5.54 2.57 0.28 0.84 0.22 0.97 0.18 0.77 0.00 92.51 9.89

Other transport 2000 6.87 2.87 4.98 0.78 0.30 0.45 0.26 0.08 0.59 0.28 0.66 0.02 26.43 4.87equipment 2001 6.87 2.08 4.30 0.58 0.32 0.54 0.29 0.07 0.32 0.22 0.85 0.03 23.56 3.87

2002 6.75 3.49 3.82 0.96 0.45 0.66 0.35 0.07 0.40 0.20 0.85 0.02 24.39 5.81

Textiles 2000 0.58 0.35 0.62 0.69 2.58 2.04 0.41 0.40 0.33 0.28 0.89 0.01 7.02 4.942001 0.47 0.30 0.53 0.67 2.48 2.14 0.36 0.31 0.23 0.24 0.75 0.02 6.20 4.762002 0.46 0.27 0.50 0.61 2.40 2.16 0.38 0.28 0.22 0.21 0.73 0.01 6.03 4.54

Clothing 2000 0.09 0.47 0.11 1.48 0.05 14.71 0.05 0.95 0.12 0.11 0.06 0.10 0.53 19.712001 0.09 0.35 0.08 1.48 0.04 14.79 0.05 0.69 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.07 0.47 19.192002 0.07 0.26 0.08 1.48 0.04 13.76 0.05 0.43 0.08 0.07 0.12 0.06 0.47 17.60

Other consumer 2000 12.57 9.77 7.40 7.12 2.11 9.63 3.55 1.66 5.47 2.01 3.55 0.37 42.51 36.94goods 2001 10.57 8.97 6.37 7.15 2.17 10.33 2.80 1.21 3.43 1.66 3.02 0.34 35.01 36.04

2002 9.37 7.58 5.90 7.08 2.92 11.05 3.05 1.02 3.60 1.45 3.24 0.29 34.40 34.91

Total merchandise a 2000 143.98 72.51 78.41 46.80 30.38 55.10 30.70 20.45 35.94 17.90 27.18 1.67 479.25 379.662001 122.55 63.76 64.49 44.59 31.00 57.87 25.30 17.20 24.23 14.19 23.27 1.46 403.36 349.302002 120.38 58.81 61.43 43.85 39.82 61.78 28.57 15.48 26.24 13.58 25.40 1.42 416.72 337.61

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A17

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Korea, Republic of

(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 0.41 4.59 0.05 0.63 0.28 1.15 0.10 0.49 0.03 0.16 0.07 0.02 3.35 5.792001 0.43 4.24 0.05 1.01 0.28 1.03 0.17 0.51 0.04 0.20 0.07 0.03 2.91 5.492002 0.47 4.24 0.04 0.92 0.27 1.27 0.18 0.61 0.04 0.16 0.09 0.02 2.76 6.13

Food 2000 0.23 2.54 0.02 0.42 0.10 0.85 0.09 0.19 0.01 0.09 0.03 0.01 2.17 3.622001 0.27 2.48 0.02 0.84 0.11 0.81 0.15 0.22 0.01 0.13 0.04 0.01 1.91 3.492002 0.29 2.59 0.02 0.75 0.10 1.00 0.17 0.32 0.01 0.09 0.06 0.02 1.82 4.13

Raw materials 2000 0.18 2.05 0.04 0.21 0.18 0.31 0.01 0.30 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.01 1.18 2.162001 0.16 1.76 0.03 0.17 0.17 0.22 0.02 0.29 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.01 1.00 2.002002 0.19 1.65 0.03 0.17 0.17 0.27 0.02 0.28 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.94 2.01

Mining products 2000 1.04 2.03 0.14 1.77 0.10 0.79 0.03 1.30 0.02 2.67 0.07 24.63 10.08 13.722001 0.83 1.85 0.18 1.55 0.11 0.69 0.03 1.23 0.02 1.65 0.09 22.16 8.62 12.992002 0.75 1.68 0.15 1.69 0.20 0.95 0.02 1.28 0.02 1.73 0.09 19.14 7.44 13.51

Ores and other 2000 0.02 0.73 0.00 0.81 0.03 0.25 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.10 0.14 2.02minerals 2001 0.02 0.66 0.00 0.71 0.02 0.18 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.05 0.12 2.15

2002 0.01 0.71 0.00 0.79 0.03 0.27 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.06 0.18 1.93

Fuels 2000 0.84 0.83 0.11 0.45 0.01 0.18 0.03 0.52 0.01 2.12 0.01 24.37 8.35 9.592001 0.69 0.61 0.16 0.48 0.02 0.22 0.02 0.60 0.01 1.21 0.02 21.98 7.06 8.962002 0.59 0.61 0.13 0.47 0.11 0.40 0.01 0.66 0.01 1.30 0.02 18.94 5.65 9.47

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.19 0.46 0.03 0.51 0.06 0.36 0.01 0.42 0.01 0.43 0.05 0.16 1.59 2.112001 0.12 0.58 0.02 0.36 0.06 0.29 0.01 0.34 0.01 0.31 0.07 0.13 1.44 1.882002 0.15 0.37 0.02 0.43 0.07 0.28 0.01 0.35 0.01 0.24 0.07 0.14 1.61 2.11

Manufactures 2000 38.77 24.58 7.95 0.80 25.56 14.39 2.18 1.13 2.18 0.30 6.15 0.75 69.78 56.182001 32.14 18.00 7.76 0.70 21.46 14.03 2.26 0.92 2.91 0.22 5.75 0.79 60.52 49.832002 34.07 18.60 7.08 0.82 23.74 15.95 2.54 1.07 2.37 0.28 5.98 0.76 68.95 56.61

Iron and steel 2000 1.21 0.13 0.23 0.33 0.49 0.31 0.03 0.52 0.05 0.17 0.25 0.01 4.42 3.852001 0.99 0.09 0.21 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.02 0.38 0.07 0.12 0.30 0.00 3.90 3.162002 0.77 0.09 0.21 0.36 0.30 0.33 0.01 0.55 0.05 0.15 0.27 0.00 4.03 3.99

Chemicals 2000 0.96 3.29 0.57 0.15 1.15 2.96 0.33 0.25 0.35 0.03 0.32 0.37 10.10 6.472001 0.96 2.87 0.60 0.11 0.95 3.03 0.35 0.22 0.36 0.03 0.31 0.47 8.99 6.212002 0.94 3.11 0.53 0.13 1.09 3.15 0.46 0.21 0.36 0.04 0.32 0.45 9.79 6.84

Other semi- 2000 1.90 1.10 0.47 0.03 1.04 1.15 0.08 0.05 0.17 0.03 0.40 0.03 4.98 2.76manufactures 2001 1.70 1.02 0.39 0.04 0.91 1.20 0.11 0.05 0.19 0.02 0.40 0.05 4.58 2.92

2002 1.89 1.04 0.33 0.06 0.88 1.42 0.09 0.05 0.15 0.02 0.45 0.05 4.48 3.79

Machinery and 2000 28.78 17.04 4.84 0.24 20.05 7.60 1.22 0.20 1.16 0.05 3.64 0.26 38.33 33.65transport 2001 23.14 11.39 5.02 0.19 16.84 6.96 1.31 0.18 1.90 0.03 3.38 0.21 32.53 28.82equipment 2002 25.46 11.69 4.66 0.21 19.12 7.91 1.55 0.17 1.43 0.05 3.77 0.20 40.41 31.85

Power generating 2000 0.49 0.46 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.24 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.52 0.78machinery 2001 0.67 0.46 0.05 0.00 0.07 0.22 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.41 0.68

2002 0.72 0.62 0.06 0.00 0.10 0.31 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.43 0.87

Other non- 2000 1.67 3.26 0.48 0.01 1.40 2.83 0.16 0.03 0.20 0.01 0.62 0.01 3.92 6.09electrical 2001 1.49 2.24 0.52 0.01 1.27 2.93 0.22 0.03 0.25 0.01 0.69 0.01 3.79 4.43machinery 2002 1.48 2.16 0.51 0.01 1.45 3.34 0.18 0.05 0.22 0.02 0.68 0.02 4.60 4.67

Office and 2000 17.47 11.02 2.06 0.18 10.08 2.41 0.41 0.08 0.21 0.02 0.85 0.23 27.59 20.08telecommunication 2001 11.84 6.63 1.86 0.13 7.29 1.89 0.49 0.08 0.23 0.01 1.05 0.14 21.41 17.44equipment 2002 12.24 6.56 1.82 0.15 8.29 1.79 0.65 0.06 0.27 0.01 1.32 0.12 27.85 18.70

Electrical 2000 1.70 1.19 0.55 0.02 1.12 0.83 0.09 0.06 0.15 0.01 0.33 0.01 3.03 5.19machinery and 2001 1.49 0.98 0.58 0.02 1.05 0.87 0.12 0.03 0.14 0.00 0.35 0.02 3.02 4.75apparatus 2002 1.54 0.98 0.37 0.02 1.10 0.97 0.15 0.03 0.15 0.00 0.37 0.03 3.61 5.76

Automotive 2000 6.21 0.33 1.14 0.03 3.57 0.39 0.56 0.01 0.54 0.00 1.10 0.00 2.00 1.02products 2001 7.26 0.32 1.11 0.02 3.04 0.49 0.46 0.01 0.47 0.00 1.15 0.00 1.87 0.92

2002 8.50 0.39 0.87 0.03 3.38 0.94 0.54 0.01 0.48 0.00 1.15 0.00 2.04 1.15

Other transport 2000 1.23 0.78 0.59 0.00 3.78 0.90 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.69 0.01 1.28 0.51equipment 2001 0.39 0.76 0.90 0.00 4.13 0.56 0.01 0.02 0.80 0.01 0.07 0.05 2.03 0.59

2002 0.98 0.99 1.02 0.00 4.79 0.56 0.03 0.01 0.30 0.01 0.20 0.03 1.86 0.70

Textiles 2000 1.15 0.19 1.50 0.01 1.15 0.34 0.29 0.08 0.32 0.02 1.18 0.01 7.04 2.712001 1.01 0.17 1.23 0.01 0.97 0.37 0.29 0.07 0.30 0.01 0.99 0.01 6.11 2.422002 1.18 0.16 1.10 0.02 0.99 0.43 0.27 0.06 0.30 0.01 0.90 0.00 5.94 2.51

Clothing 2000 2.63 0.03 0.09 0.00 0.74 0.22 0.10 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.00 1.39 1.062001 2.40 0.03 0.07 0.00 0.58 0.25 0.06 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.00 1.12 1.342002 2.20 0.03 0.06 0.01 0.53 0.29 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 1.01 1.91

Other consumer 2000 2.14 2.79 0.25 0.02 0.94 1.82 0.13 0.02 0.07 0.00 0.32 0.07 3.51 5.68goods 2001 1.94 2.44 0.23 0.02 0.88 1.88 0.12 0.02 0.07 0.00 0.33 0.05 3.30 4.95

2002 1.62 2.48 0.20 0.03 0.83 2.42 0.10 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.23 0.05 3.29 5.71

Total merchandise a 2000 40.24 31.39 8.14 3.20 26.22 17.30 2.31 2.93 2.22 3.18 6.51 25.41 84.26 77.012001 33.43 24.25 8.01 3.26 22.03 16.39 2.46 2.67 2.99 2.08 6.11 22.98 72.73 69.312002 35.33 24.71 7.27 3.44 24.41 18.63 2.75 2.98 2.44 2.17 6.36 19.93 79.73 77.55

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Table A17 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Korea, Republic of

(Billion dollars)

United States Japan China EU (15) Hong Kong, China Taipei, Chinese World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 0.37 3.83 1.86 0.62 0.64 1.96 0.25 1.08 0.22 0.02 0.11 0.12 4.30 12.842001 0.38 3.65 1.58 0.53 0.50 1.70 0.24 0.95 0.21 0.01 0.09 0.14 3.95 12.502002 0.42 3.58 1.43 0.50 0.51 2.22 0.23 1.18 0.16 0.01 0.11 0.14 3.86 13.36

Food 2000 0.20 2.33 1.68 0.34 0.13 1.59 0.09 0.79 0.10 0.02 0.05 0.05 2.67 7.722001 0.24 2.29 1.40 0.30 0.12 1.43 0.10 0.75 0.11 0.01 0.04 0.08 2.52 7.992002 0.26 2.38 1.26 0.31 0.14 1.95 0.09 0.94 0.10 0.01 0.07 0.07 2.47 8.91

Raw materials 2000 0.16 1.51 0.19 0.28 0.50 0.37 0.16 0.29 0.11 0.00 0.06 0.07 1.63 5.122001 0.14 1.36 0.18 0.23 0.39 0.26 0.15 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.05 0.06 1.42 4.512002 0.16 1.20 0.17 0.19 0.37 0.27 0.15 0.25 0.06 0.00 0.04 0.07 1.40 4.45

Mining products 2000 0.97 1.58 3.94 1.44 2.27 1.77 0.09 0.57 1.30 0.07 0.64 0.13 11.51 46.912001 0.81 1.36 3.36 1.47 2.10 1.91 0.10 0.46 1.02 0.06 0.33 0.15 9.90 42.142002 0.72 1.21 2.63 1.58 1.81 2.33 0.19 0.59 0.89 0.07 0.30 0.38 8.67 40.00

Ores and other 2000 0.01 0.64 0.08 0.39 0.03 0.21 0.03 0.25 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.19 4.39minerals 2001 0.02 0.55 0.06 0.39 0.03 0.19 0.02 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.16 4.17

2002 0.01 0.59 0.07 0.41 0.08 0.20 0.03 0.21 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.22 4.23

Fuels 2000 0.79 0.60 3.68 0.35 1.85 1.16 0.01 0.01 0.96 0.00 0.44 0.06 9.38 38.082001 0.69 0.35 3.14 0.54 1.70 1.29 0.02 0.05 0.77 0.01 0.16 0.10 8.01 34.072002 0.58 0.38 2.41 0.57 1.25 1.48 0.11 0.14 0.64 0.03 0.12 0.31 6.52 31.85

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.17 0.34 0.18 0.70 0.38 0.40 0.05 0.31 0.34 0.02 0.20 0.04 1.94 4.452001 0.11 0.45 0.16 0.54 0.37 0.43 0.06 0.26 0.24 0.02 0.17 0.02 1.73 3.892002 0.14 0.24 0.14 0.61 0.48 0.65 0.06 0.24 0.24 0.01 0.18 0.04 1.93 3.92

Manufactures 2000 36.46 23.69 14.65 29.75 15.54 9.07 23.11 13.43 8.84 1.11 7.27 4.45 154.90 98.162001 30.14 17.27 11.56 24.56 15.57 9.69 19.33 12.95 8.01 0.98 5.40 4.01 135.46 84.642002 31.61 17.90 11.00 27.42 21.05 12.74 21.12 14.78 8.84 1.11 6.15 4.29 147.29 94.22

Iron and steel 2000 1.04 0.13 1.25 2.66 1.22 0.79 0.46 0.29 0.56 0.00 0.22 0.13 6.68 5.322001 0.91 0.09 0.87 2.39 1.26 0.45 0.31 0.33 0.46 0.00 0.18 0.08 5.83 4.422002 0.65 0.08 0.69 3.14 1.45 0.49 0.28 0.31 0.38 0.00 0.18 0.11 5.65 5.46

Chemicals 2000 0.90 3.03 1.15 4.33 4.12 0.83 1.04 2.75 1.10 0.02 1.03 0.24 13.78 13.522001 0.90 2.61 1.05 4.02 4.11 0.94 0.86 2.79 0.87 0.02 0.66 0.23 12.52 12.942002 0.87 2.82 1.06 4.36 4.71 1.07 0.96 2.92 0.88 0.02 0.79 0.24 13.49 13.93

Other semi- 2000 1.73 1.03 1.02 1.23 1.56 0.59 0.96 1.10 0.82 0.04 0.26 0.07 9.05 5.17manufactures 2001 1.54 0.96 1.00 1.15 1.52 0.78 0.85 1.16 0.69 0.03 0.22 0.07 8.30 5.30

2002 1.72 0.99 0.94 1.29 1.51 1.28 0.80 1.37 0.58 0.04 0.22 0.07 8.28 6.42

Machinery and 2000 27.29 16.57 8.37 17.32 5.63 3.84 18.13 7.08 4.42 0.86 5.42 3.49 100.28 59.08transport 2001 21.87 11.07 6.32 13.65 5.78 4.30 15.12 6.35 4.39 0.73 4.06 3.20 86.69 47.91equipment 2002 23.74 11.43 6.26 15.01 10.28 5.63 16.98 7.25 5.58 0.85 4.67 3.46 98.89 52.23

Power generating 2000 0.47 0.43 0.08 0.39 0.19 0.27 0.09 0.22 0.04 0.01 0.09 0.01 1.18 1.48machinery 2001 0.65 0.44 0.08 0.29 0.17 0.26 0.06 0.20 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 1.28 1.37

2002 0.68 0.60 0.07 0.36 0.12 0.31 0.09 0.27 0.06 0.02 0.04 0.01 1.37 1.81

Other non- 2000 1.52 3.21 0.63 5.37 1.20 0.20 1.22 2.51 0.21 0.03 0.24 0.16 8.46 12.23electrical 2001 1.35 2.17 0.70 3.73 1.33 0.25 1.17 2.61 0.19 0.02 0.19 0.16 8.23 9.66machinery 2002 1.35 2.10 0.67 3.83 1.92 0.35 1.08 2.92 0.18 0.03 0.24 0.15 9.13 10.26

Office and 2000 17.14 10.71 6.51 7.31 3.36 2.22 9.82 2.30 3.66 0.67 4.66 2.97 58.69 34.01telecommunication 2001 11.55 6.48 4.54 5.98 3.28 2.43 7.11 1.73 3.34 0.54 3.28 2.71 44.18 26.33equipment 2002 11.87 6.41 4.48 6.62 6.79 2.90 8.12 1.69 4.72 0.69 3.91 2.90 52.45 27.39

Electrical 2000 1.57 1.17 0.71 3.19 0.68 1.06 0.99 0.77 0.37 0.14 0.21 0.33 6.97 7.32machinery and 2001 1.41 0.95 0.73 2.56 0.74 1.26 0.98 0.81 0.35 0.15 0.22 0.31 6.75 6.67apparatus 2002 1.44 0.95 0.73 2.87 1.09 1.91 1.03 0.90 0.42 0.11 0.31 0.38 7.30 7.80

Automotive 2000 5.66 0.31 0.15 0.69 0.17 0.04 3.04 0.38 0.04 0.00 0.13 0.00 15.19 1.77products 2001 6.59 0.31 0.18 0.71 0.22 0.01 2.81 0.48 0.04 0.00 0.15 0.00 15.43 1.77

2002 7.79 0.37 0.24 0.89 0.31 0.02 3.06 0.94 0.03 0.00 0.10 0.01 17.04 2.52

Other transport 2000 0.93 0.74 0.29 0.38 0.02 0.06 2.98 0.89 0.11 0.00 0.08 0.01 9.78 2.27equipment 2001 0.33 0.71 0.08 0.38 0.04 0.08 2.98 0.53 0.43 0.00 0.20 0.01 10.82 2.12

2002 0.60 0.98 0.08 0.43 0.06 0.15 3.61 0.53 0.16 0.01 0.07 0.01 11.61 2.44

Textiles 2000 1.02 0.17 0.40 0.42 2.11 1.10 0.93 0.32 1.52 0.03 0.18 0.25 12.71 3.362001 0.90 0.15 0.31 0.37 1.97 0.99 0.81 0.35 1.18 0.03 0.13 0.19 10.94 3.072002 1.05 0.15 0.28 0.39 1.96 1.08 0.81 0.41 1.07 0.02 0.13 0.16 10.71 3.20

Clothing 2000 2.45 0.03 1.08 0.06 0.16 0.89 0.71 0.22 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.00 5.03 1.312001 2.21 0.03 0.81 0.06 0.16 1.16 0.56 0.25 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.01 4.31 1.632002 2.06 0.03 0.60 0.06 0.24 1.70 0.51 0.29 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.01 3.91 2.24

Other consumer 2000 2.03 2.73 1.38 3.72 0.74 1.02 0.86 1.67 0.40 0.13 0.15 0.27 7.37 10.41goods 2001 1.81 2.36 1.20 2.91 0.78 1.08 0.81 1.73 0.40 0.14 0.12 0.23 6.87 9.36

2002 1.52 2.41 1.16 3.16 0.90 1.48 0.77 2.24 0.34 0.14 0.13 0.25 6.35 10.73

Total merchandise a 2000 37.81 29.29 20.47 31.83 18.45 12.80 23.46 15.79 10.71 1.26 8.03 4.70 172.27 160.482001 31.36 22.43 16.50 26.63 18.19 13.30 19.68 14.93 9.45 1.23 5.84 4.30 150.43 141.102002 32.78 22.89 15.08 29.51 23.40 17.29 21.57 16.82 9.96 1.68 6.58 4.81 160.85 149.57

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A18

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Singapore

(Billion dollars)

C./E. Europe/

North America Latin America Western Europe Baltic States/CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 0.24 0.56 0.05 0.15 0.35 0.99 0.04 0.00 0.11 0.12 0.18 0.03 2.75 2.982001 0.17 0.51 0.03 0.18 0.29 0.82 0.03 0.01 0.10 0.17 0.14 0.02 2.53 2.912002 0.18 0.48 0.02 0.20 0.30 0.76 0.06 0.00 0.12 0.10 0.14 0.02 2.52 3.07

Food 2000 0.19 0.51 0.02 0.14 0.23 0.96 0.04 0.00 0.09 0.11 0.13 0.03 2.37 2.552001 0.14 0.46 0.02 0.17 0.19 0.80 0.03 0.01 0.09 0.16 0.10 0.02 2.20 2.582002 0.14 0.41 0.01 0.19 0.21 0.74 0.05 0.00 0.11 0.09 0.11 0.02 2.22 2.70

Raw materials 2000 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.13 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.37 0.432001 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.10 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.33 0.342002 0.04 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.30 0.37

Mining products 2000 0.39 0.50 1.07 0.20 1.04 0.72 0.02 0.29 0.32 0.29 0.28 10.45 11.81 5.892001 0.21 0.52 0.01 0.30 0.08 0.54 0.00 0.36 0.06 0.16 0.22 8.94 10.03 5.742002 0.18 0.62 0.01 0.39 0.13 0.50 0.01 0.43 0.08 0.29 0.17 9.10 10.51 5.69

Ores and other 2000 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.37minerals 2001 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.19

2002 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.30 0.18

Fuels 2000 0.35 0.34 1.07 0.15 1.01 0.47 0.02 0.22 0.32 0.24 0.26 10.41 10.38 4.392001 0.18 0.38 0.00 0.26 0.03 0.37 0.00 0.22 0.06 0.12 0.20 8.88 8.75 4.362002 0.17 0.48 0.01 0.35 0.08 0.30 0.01 0.33 0.07 0.27 0.15 9.06 9.25 4.42

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.04 0.14 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.23 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04 1.12 1.122001 0.03 0.11 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.15 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.95 1.192002 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.18 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.96 1.09

Manufactures 2000 23.61 19.32 1.37 0.61 18.38 16.22 0.37 0.50 1.16 0.31 1.59 0.71 70.91 72.112001 18.45 18.14 1.34 0.51 16.25 14.62 0.46 0.42 0.87 0.32 1.75 0.80 63.44 58.332002 18.76 15.59 1.21 0.47 15.34 14.81 0.81 0.42 0.87 0.33 1.91 0.73 66.66 60.59

Iron and steel 2000 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.34 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.48 1.102001 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.28 0.00 0.17 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.46 0.942002 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.32 0.00 0.19 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.48 0.97

Chemicals 2000 0.59 2.19 0.11 0.05 1.53 2.19 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.05 0.17 0.27 7.07 2.952001 0.71 1.79 0.15 0.03 1.98 2.09 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.06 0.16 0.38 6.74 2.442002 1.42 1.79 0.22 0.05 1.85 2.46 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.06 0.17 0.33 7.86 2.58

Other semi- 2000 0.20 0.56 0.03 0.06 0.25 1.06 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.07 0.07 1.93 3.02manufactures 2001 0.16 0.43 0.03 0.04 0.27 1.06 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.06 1.79 2.63

2002 0.11 0.49 0.03 0.05 0.24 1.04 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.10 0.06 2.02 2.69

Machinery and 2000 20.46 13.47 1.11 0.41 15.16 10.55 0.32 0.31 0.85 0.19 1.01 0.29 53.69 56.48transport 2001 15.45 13.85 1.03 0.35 12.72 9.23 0.42 0.22 0.56 0.20 1.19 0.28 47.08 45.06equipment 2002 15.06 11.39 0.87 0.30 11.89 8.99 0.76 0.19 0.60 0.22 1.26 0.28 48.98 47.06

Power generating 2000 0.07 0.38 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.33 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.88 1.12machinery 2001 0.09 0.52 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.35 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.78 0.91

2002 0.08 0.52 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.31 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.84 1.00

Other non- 2000 0.47 3.09 0.05 0.02 0.36 2.30 0.04 0.03 0.14 0.01 0.27 0.08 5.24 5.12electrical 2001 0.37 2.58 0.05 0.01 0.34 2.29 0.01 0.01 0.14 0.01 0.31 0.06 4.40 3.77machinery 2002 0.42 2.71 0.04 0.03 0.34 2.27 0.03 0.02 0.15 0.01 0.38 0.06 4.54 3.67

Office and 2000 18.67 7.46 0.84 0.30 13.60 5.31 0.23 0.21 0.42 0.16 0.58 0.09 39.47 40.58telecommunication 2001 14.02 6.06 0.74 0.27 11.02 4.20 0.31 0.16 0.35 0.14 0.71 0.13 34.60 33.22equipment 2002 13.59 4.25 0.68 0.21 10.27 4.20 0.65 0.11 0.37 0.18 0.71 0.12 36.63 35.36

Electrical 2000 0.89 1.34 0.18 0.07 0.85 1.30 0.04 0.07 0.04 0.00 0.09 0.10 6.61 7.01machinery and 2001 0.66 0.91 0.14 0.04 0.76 1.05 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.10 0.08 5.64 5.24apparatus 2002 0.67 0.78 0.08 0.04 0.59 0.93 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.09 0.08 5.43 5.07

Automotive 2000 0.05 0.12 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.55 1.49products 2001 0.06 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.68 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.52 1.25

2002 0.08 0.11 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.60 1.23

Other transport 2000 0.29 1.07 0.02 0.00 0.22 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.95 1.15equipment 2001 0.25 3.64 0.09 0.00 0.49 0.67 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 1.14 0.66

2002 0.23 3.03 0.04 0.00 0.60 0.67 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.94 0.72

Textiles 2000 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.77 1.042001 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.61 0.832002 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.62 0.85

Clothing 2000 1.09 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.50 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.20 1.722001 0.98 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.46 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.15 1.542002 1.03 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.46 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.14 1.65

Other consumer 2000 1.24 2.91 0.10 0.04 0.89 1.84 0.03 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.25 0.07 6.76 5.79goods 2001 1.13 1.89 0.08 0.04 0.77 1.72 0.02 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.26 0.07 6.61 4.89

2002 1.12 1.78 0.06 0.04 0.86 1.76 0.02 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.30 0.05 6.56 4.80

Total merchandise a 2000 24.44 20.75 2.49 0.97 19.92 18.35 0.42 0.79 1.61 0.71 2.07 11.26 86.53 81.652001 19.16 19.59 2.54 1.00 17.70 16.35 0.52 0.79 1.39 0.65 2.20 9.82 78.20 67.742002 19.48 17.18 2.48 1.07 16.78 16.51 0.89 0.86 1.46 0.73 2.31 9.93 81.69 70.11

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Table A18 (continued)

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2000-02 - Singapore

(Billion dollars)

Malaysia United States EU (15) Japan China Hong Kong, China World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2000 0.49 1.12 0.21 0.53 0.34 0.92 0.53 0.16 0.13 0.31 0.23 0.05 3.72 4.892001 0.47 1.06 0.16 0.48 0.28 0.78 0.50 0.23 0.10 0.34 0.18 0.05 3.30 4.672002 0.46 1.09 0.17 0.44 0.28 0.69 0.42 0.23 0.13 0.37 0.22 0.05 3.36 4.67

Food 2000 0.39 0.93 0.18 0.49 0.22 0.89 0.49 0.13 0.05 0.28 0.21 0.05 3.09 4.352001 0.38 0.91 0.13 0.42 0.18 0.76 0.46 0.21 0.05 0.31 0.16 0.04 2.78 4.232002 0.38 0.96 0.13 0.39 0.20 0.67 0.39 0.21 0.08 0.33 0.19 0.04 2.86 4.19

Raw materials 2000 0.11 0.19 0.03 0.04 0.12 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.63 0.542001 0.09 0.14 0.03 0.05 0.09 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.53 0.442002 0.08 0.13 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.50 0.48

Mining products 2000 2.71 1.27 0.37 0.46 0.66 0.64 0.86 0.36 0.83 0.83 2.48 0.03 14.94 18.332001 2.19 1.21 0.21 0.48 0.07 0.48 0.56 0.21 0.51 0.87 2.49 0.01 10.62 16.552002 2.49 1.25 0.18 0.58 0.13 0.47 0.55 0.21 0.66 0.86 2.56 0.02 11.10 17.02

Ores and other 2000 0.07 0.28 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.07 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.32 0.46minerals 2001 0.10 0.11 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.34 0.27

2002 0.08 0.09 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.32 0.24

Fuels 2000 2.36 0.77 0.32 0.33 0.63 0.40 0.72 0.07 0.72 0.58 2.37 0.01 13.40 16.222001 1.90 0.94 0.18 0.38 0.03 0.32 0.43 0.03 0.41 0.46 2.41 0.00 9.22 14.592002 2.18 0.99 0.17 0.48 0.08 0.28 0.42 0.03 0.53 0.48 2.45 0.00 9.75 15.20

Non-ferrous metals 2000 0.28 0.22 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.22 0.07 0.28 0.08 0.25 0.09 0.01 1.21 1.652001 0.20 0.16 0.03 0.08 0.04 0.14 0.07 0.17 0.06 0.40 0.06 0.01 1.06 1.692002 0.24 0.17 0.01 0.08 0.04 0.18 0.07 0.17 0.08 0.36 0.08 0.01 1.03 1.57

Manufactures 2000 21.59 20.40 23.12 18.92 17.12 13.33 8.82 22.29 4.39 5.95 7.96 3.40 117.68 109.782001 18.15 17.80 18.08 17.77 15.27 12.13 7.99 15.33 4.61 5.98 7.82 2.70 102.59 93.142002 18.56 18.83 18.42 15.10 14.68 12.24 7.69 13.75 5.98 7.62 8.40 2.75 105.64 92.96

Iron and steel 2000 0.24 0.12 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.23 0.01 0.62 0.02 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.55 1.722001 0.23 0.09 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.21 0.01 0.50 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.54 1.532002 0.23 0.10 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.25 0.01 0.49 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.00 0.57 1.59

Chemicals 2000 1.40 0.58 0.57 2.16 1.51 1.93 0.50 1.25 0.79 0.21 0.67 0.09 9.60 7.712001 1.19 0.49 0.67 1.74 1.95 1.78 0.53 0.91 1.01 0.22 0.60 0.07 9.88 6.812002 1.36 0.51 1.39 1.75 1.83 2.11 0.67 0.90 1.44 0.26 0.66 0.07 11.65 7.27

Other semi- 2000 0.79 0.84 0.19 0.52 0.24 1.01 0.09 0.87 0.11 0.30 0.21 0.13 2.54 4.81manufactures 2001 0.66 0.82 0.15 0.39 0.24 1.00 0.10 0.67 0.13 0.27 0.21 0.12 2.37 4.26

2002 0.75 0.83 0.11 0.46 0.22 0.99 0.11 0.66 0.16 0.32 0.22 0.12 2.56 4.37

Machinery and 2000 17.47 16.42 20.09 13.18 14.03 8.62 6.14 17.31 3.10 4.34 6.36 2.22 92.90 81.71transport 2001 14.57 14.24 15.22 13.62 11.90 7.73 5.34 11.64 3.05 4.37 6.23 1.71 78.47 69.19equipment 2002 14.77 15.28 14.83 11.00 11.35 7.43 5.27 10.28 3.76 5.65 6.69 1.77 79.48 68.44

Power generating 2000 0.29 0.21 0.07 0.35 0.10 0.30 0.14 0.32 0.07 0.17 0.10 0.02 1.09 1.84machinery 2001 0.25 0.17 0.08 0.48 0.08 0.31 0.10 0.18 0.06 0.13 0.09 0.02 1.01 1.78

2002 0.29 0.17 0.08 0.48 0.07 0.30 0.09 0.14 0.07 0.16 0.11 0.03 1.03 1.84

Other non- 2000 1.87 0.45 0.45 3.04 0.32 2.10 0.30 3.33 0.34 0.26 0.41 0.18 6.57 10.65electrical 2001 1.36 0.46 0.36 2.53 0.31 2.10 0.23 2.13 0.39 0.28 0.39 0.10 5.62 8.73machinery 2002 1.37 0.49 0.40 2.62 0.29 2.04 0.20 1.97 0.47 0.31 0.41 0.08 5.90 8.77

Office and 2000 11.88 14.10 18.37 7.30 12.57 3.73 5.10 9.10 2.22 3.01 5.15 1.54 73.82 54.11telecommunication 2001 10.03 12.10 13.84 5.98 10.33 3.00 4.53 6.42 2.08 3.12 5.11 1.25 61.77 44.18equipment 2002 10.30 13.06 13.42 4.06 9.82 2.96 4.49 5.54 2.62 4.27 5.54 1.35 62.90 44.44

Electrical 2000 3.10 1.48 0.87 1.33 0.83 1.22 0.44 2.72 0.36 0.82 0.55 0.45 8.69 9.90machinery and 2001 2.67 1.33 0.64 0.89 0.74 0.98 0.34 1.66 0.40 0.73 0.42 0.31 7.37 7.36apparatus 2002 2.55 1.38 0.65 0.76 0.57 0.88 0.31 1.37 0.47 0.83 0.45 0.29 6.94 6.96

Automotive 2000 0.14 0.05 0.05 0.11 0.02 0.75 0.02 1.20 0.02 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.68 2.42products 2001 0.15 0.05 0.06 0.14 0.02 0.68 0.02 0.96 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.65 2.14

2002 0.15 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.02 0.60 0.03 0.99 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.77 2.00

Other transport 2000 0.19 0.14 0.29 1.05 0.19 0.53 0.15 0.64 0.10 0.06 0.08 0.02 2.05 2.80equipment 2001 0.11 0.12 0.23 3.59 0.41 0.66 0.12 0.30 0.10 0.11 0.16 0.02 2.05 4.99

2002 0.11 0.13 0.22 2.99 0.58 0.65 0.15 0.27 0.10 0.07 0.12 0.02 1.94 4.44

Textiles 2000 0.32 0.21 0.01 0.08 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.10 0.04 0.21 0.04 0.09 0.91 1.282001 0.25 0.17 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.11 0.01 0.07 0.02 0.18 0.03 0.08 0.73 1.022002 0.22 0.15 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.10 0.00 0.07 0.05 0.23 0.05 0.08 0.74 1.03

Clothing 2000 0.08 0.75 1.04 0.03 0.50 0.10 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.20 0.01 0.31 1.83 1.882001 0.05 0.61 0.93 0.03 0.46 0.10 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.24 0.01 0.27 1.63 1.702002 0.05 0.55 0.99 0.02 0.45 0.12 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.30 0.01 0.29 1.65 1.81

Other consumer 2000 1.30 1.49 1.21 2.88 0.80 1.32 2.03 2.12 0.33 0.64 0.64 0.56 9.36 10.67goods 2001 1.20 1.37 1.10 1.86 0.68 1.20 1.98 1.51 0.38 0.64 0.72 0.45 8.97 8.64

2002 1.19 1.42 1.08 1.75 0.78 1.26 1.62 1.34 0.56 0.78 0.76 0.41 9.00 8.45

Total merchandise a 2000 25.03 22.83 23.89 20.27 18.24 15.24 10.40 23.15 5.38 7.12 10.84 3.51 137.81 134.552001 21.12 20.09 18.74 19.15 16.28 13.68 9.33 16.08 5.33 7.21 10.82 2.78 121.75 116.002002 21.81 21.21 19.09 16.60 15.68 13.78 8.94 14.58 6.86 8.86 11.46 2.84 125.18 116.44

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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Table A19

Export prices of primary commodities, 1993-03

(Indices 1995=100)

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2002 2003

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2

Food and beverages 87 95 100 105 100 89 78 77 78 79 75 76 82 84 85 83

Food 91 94 100 108 99 88 78 79 81 81 77 78 84 86 86 85

Cereals 79 84 100 119 93 79 69 67 70 80 69 70 85 88 80 78

Wheat 79 85 100 117 90 71 63 64 72 84 70 71 94 101 83 78

Maize 83 87 100 133 95 82 73 71 73 80 74 73 87 88 86 86

Rice 74 84 100 105 94 95 78 64 54 60 60 61 60 58 62 62

Barley 69 70 100 115 93 82 73 74 90 105 74 73 87 88 86 86

Vegetable oils and protein meals 85 93 100 110 110 97 77 74 71 80 73 77 83 87 90 92

Meat 115 106 100 116 109 93 93 101 109 104 109 104 103 98 105 108

Beef 137 122 100 94 97 91 96 101 112 111 121 113 110 101 112 105

Lamb 110 111 100 128 133 102 102 100 115 129 121 124 132 138 140 139

Swine Meat 103 90 100 147 116 73 71 94 98 75 85 75 73 67 76 92

Poultry 99 100 100 112 110 114 108 107 115 114 113 114 116 112 114 117

Seafood 98 102 100 90 88 86 85 88 77 67 64 65 67 70 73 74

Fish 105 105 100 86 78 78 75 76 61 62 54 62 64 66 68 68

Shrimp 84 97 100 97 109 105 108 113 113 78 86 73 73 79 85 88

Sugar 79 91 100 92 87 73 58 66 67 56 56 51 56 63 68 61

Bananas 100 99 100 106 117 111 84 95 131 119 113 138 109 114 113 74

Oranges 81 77 100 93 86 83 82 68 112 106 93 116 120 95 106 134

Beverages 61 100 100 86 112 98 77 66 56 65 60 62 67 72 74 68

Coffee 45 98 100 76 106 82 64 50 35 36 35 35 33 40 40 39

Cocoa beans 78 97 100 102 113 117 79 63 76 124 104 112 140 141 149 122

Tea 113 112 100 108 144 145 142 151 121 109 109 105 112 110 115 115

Agricultural raw materials 88 97 100 96 92 76 77 81 77 78 69 76 83 80 79 77

Timber 105 106 100 102 95 80 89 88 80 80 74 75 84 85 83 89

Cotton 59 81 100 82 81 67 54 60 49 47 44 42 49 53 60 60

Wool 62 90 100 85 94 70 70 79 75 95 62 90 100 85 94 70

Rubber 53 71 100 89 64 46 40 44 38 49 40 48 55 52 60 62

Hides and skins 91 99 100 99 100 87 82 91 96 92 84 96 97 90 80 73

Minerals and non-ferrous metals(excluding crude petroleum) 71 83 100 89 90 74 73 82 74 72 72 73 71 72 76 75

Copper 65 79 100 78 78 56 54 62 54 53 53 55 52 53 57 56

Aluminum 63 82 100 83 89 75 75 86 80 75 77 75 73 75 77 77

Iron ore 103 93 100 106 106 109 97 101 105 103 103 103 103 103 103 103

Tin 83 88 100 99 91 89 87 88 72 66 62 67 65 68 73 75

Nickel 65 77 100 91 84 56 73 105 73 82 76 85 83 87 101 102

Zinc 93 97 100 99 128 99 104 109 86 76 77 76 74 75 76 75

Lead 65 87 100 123 99 84 80 72 76 72 78 72 68 69 73 72

Uranium 86 81 100 134 104 89 86 71 74 84 84 84 84 85 87 91

Total of above 82 91 100 98 95 82 76 80 76 77 73 75 79 80 81 80

Energy 97 92 100 116 110 77 100 156 138 138 117 139 148 147 172 149

Natural Gas 102 92 100 114 109 87 87 155 153 126 110 121 134 137 164 168

Crude petroleum 98 93 100 118 112 76 105 164 141 145 122 147 157 155 182 154

Coal 79 82 100 96 89 75 66 68 85 70 76 72 62 69 68 66

All primary commodities 89 92 100 107 102 79 88 116 106 106 94 106 112 112 124 113

Memorandum items:

Total merchandise 86 90 100 99 93 88 88 89 86 87

Agricultural products 84 89 100 99 92 86 82 79 78 79

Mineral products 92 90 100 110 105 81 94 131 120 119

Manufactures 87 91 100 98 93 90 89 87 85 86

Note: The indices are period averages based on dollar prices. The quarterly figures are not seasonally adjusted. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

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This Note details the definitions, methods and sources of thestatistics used in International Trade Statistics 2003.

I. Composition of country groups

1. RegionsNorth America: Canada, United States of America, and

territories in North America n.e.s.Latin America: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas,

Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico,Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, SaintKitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela and othercountries and territories in Latin America n.e.s.

Western Europe: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein,Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, Bosnia andHerzegovina, Croatia, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro, and territories in WesternEurope n.e.s.

Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and theCommonwealth of Independent States (transition economies), ofwhich Central and Eastern Europe: Albania, Bulgaria, CzechRepublic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Slovak Republic; theBaltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania; and theCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS): Armenia,Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Repubic,Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraineand Uzbekistan. The grouping former USSR refers to the BalticStates and the CIS.

Africa, of which North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libyan ArabJamahiriya, Morocco and Tunisia; and Sub-Saharan Africacomprising: Western Africa: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde,Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia,Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo;Central Africa: Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic,Chad, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, EquatorialGuinea, Gabon, Rwanda, and Sao Tome and Principe; EasternAfrica: Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar,Mauritius, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudan, United Republic ofTanzania and Uganda; and Southern Africa: Angola, Botswana,Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland,Zambia, Zimbabwe and territories in Africa n.e.s.

The Middle East: Bahrain, Iraq, Islamic Republic of Iran, Israel,Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syrian ArabRepublic, United Arab Emirates, Yemen and other countries andterritories in the Middle East n.e.s.

Asia, of which West Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan,India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka; and East Asia(including Oceania): Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Cambodia;China; Fiji; Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China(Hong Kong, China); Indonesia; Japan; Kiribati; Lao People’sDemocratic Republic; Macao, China; Malaysia; Mongolia;Myanmar; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; Philippines;Republic of Korea; Samoa; Separate Customs Territory ofTaiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (Taipei, Chinese);Singapore; Solomon Islands; Thailand; Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu;

Viet Nam and other countries and territories in Asia and thePacific n.e.s.

2. Regional integration agreementsANDEAN: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela.APEC: Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Canada; Chile; China;

Hong Kong, China; Indonesia; Japan; Republic of Korea;Malaysia; Mexico; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; Peru;Philippines; Russian Federation; Singapore; Taipei, Chinese;Thailand; United States of America and Viet Nam.

ASEAN: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, LaoPeople’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines,Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam.

CEFTA: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania,Slovenia and the Slovak Republic.

EUROPEAN UNION: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

MERCOSUR: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.NAFTA: Canada, Mexico and the United States of America.SAPTA: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan

and Sri Lanka.

3. Other country groupsAcceding countries of the European Union: Cyprus, Czech

Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, theSlovak Republic and Slovenia.

Least-developed countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh,Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cape Verde,Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic ofthe Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia,Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People’sDemocratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi,Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger,Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone,Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, UnitedRepublic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia.

Six East Asian traders: Hong Kong, China; Malaysia; Republicof Korea; Singapore; Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan,Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (Taipei, Chinese) and Thailand.

The definition of country groups in this report does not implyan expression of opinion by the Secretariat concerning the statusof any country, territory or area, the delimitation of its frontiers,nor on the rights and obligations of any WTO Member in respectof WTO Agreements.

The Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmenand Matsu is referred to as Taipei, Chinese throughout this report.

II. Definitions and methods

II.1 Merchandise trade

1. Exports and importsTwo systems of recording merchandise exports and imports

are in common use. They are referred to as general trade andspecial trade and differ mainly in the way warehoused and re-exported goods are treated. General trade figures are larger thanthe corresponding special trade figures because the latterexclude certain trade flows, such as goods shipped throughbonded warehouses. Te

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To the extent possible, total merchandise trade is defined inthis report according to the general trade definition. It covers alltypes of inward and outward movement of goods through acountry or territory including movements through customswarehouses and free zones. Goods include all merchandise thateither add to or reduce the stock of material resources of acountry by entering (imports) or leaving (exports) the country’seconomic territory. For further explanations, see United NationsInternational Trade Statistics, Concepts and Definitions, Series M,No 52, Revision 2.

Unless otherwise indicated, exports are valued at transactionvalue, including the cost of transportation and insurance to bringthe merchandise to the frontier of the exporting country orterritory (f.o.b. valuation). Imports are valued at transaction valueplus the cost of transportation and insurance to the frontier ofthe importing country or territory (c.i.f. valuation).

2. ProductsAll product groups are defined according to Revision 3 of the

Standard International Trade Classification (SITC).The following groupings are used in this report:

A. Primary products(i) Agricultural products

- Food: food and live animals; beverages and tobacco;animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes; oilseeds andoleaginous fruit (SITC sections 0, 1, 4 and division 22).- Raw materials: hides, skins and furskins, raw; cruderubber (including synthetic and reclaimed); cork andwood; pulp and waste paper; textile fibres and theirwastes; crude animal and vegetable materials, n.e.s.(SITC divisions 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29).

(ii) Mining products- Ores and other minerals: crude fertilizers (other thanthose classified in chemicals) and crude minerals;metalliferous ores and metal scrap (SITC divisions 27, 28).- Fuels: (SITC section 3).- Non-ferrous metals: (SITC division 68).

B. Manufactures: (SITC sections 5, 6, 7, 8 minus division 68and group 891)

(i) Iron and steel: (SITC division 67).(ii) Chemicals: organic chemicals (SITC division 51); plastics

(SITC divisions 57, 58); inorganic chemicals (SITC division52); pharmaceuticals (SITC division 54); other chemicals(SITC divisions 53, 55, 56, 59).

(iii) Other semi-manufactures: leather, leather manufactures,n.e.s., and dressed furskins; rubber manufactures, n.e.s.;cork and wood manufactures (excluding furniture);paper, paperboard and articles of paper pulp, of paper orof paperboard; non-metallic mineral manufactures, n.e.s.;manufactures of metals, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 61, 62, 63,64, 66, 69).

(iv) Machinery and transport equipment: power generatingmachinery; other non-electrical machinery; officemachines and telecommunications equipment; electricalmachinery and apparatus; automotive products; othertransport equipment (SITC section 7).- Power generating machinery: power generatingmachinery and equipment minus internal combustionpiston engines, and parts thereof, n.e.s. (SITC division 71minus group 713).- Other non-electrical machinery: machinery specializedfor particular industries; metalworking machinery;general industrial machinery and equipment, n.e.s., andmachine parts, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 72, 73, 74).

- Office machines and telecommunications equipment:office machines and automatic data processingmachines; telecommunications and sound recording andreproducing apparatus and equipment; thermionic, coldcathode or photo-cathode valves and tubes (SITCdivisions 75, 76 and group 776).- Electrical machinery and apparatus: electricalmachinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s., andelectrical parts thereof; minus thermionic, cold cathodeor photo-cathode valves and tubes; minus electricalequipment, n.e.s., for internal combustion engines andvehicles, and parts thereof (SITC division 77 minus group776 and subgroup 7783).- Automotive products: motor cars and other motorvehicles principally designed for the transport of persons(other than public transport type vehicles) includingstation wagons and racing cars; motor vehicles for thetransport of goods and special purpose motor vehicles;road motor vehicles, n.e.s.; parts and accessories ofmotor vehicles and tractors; internal combustion pistonengines for vehicles listed above; electrical equipment,n.e.s., for internal combustion engines and vehicles, andparts thereof (SITC groups 781, 782, 783, 784, andsubgroups 7132, 7783).- Other transport equipment: other transport equipment(railway vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft, ships and boats,and associated parts and equipment); motorcycles andcycles, motorized and non-motorized; trailers and semi-trailers, other vehicles (not mechanically propelled), andspecially designed and equipped transport containers;internal combustion piston engines for aircraft, and partsthereof, n.e.s.; internal combustion piston engines,marine propulsion; internal combustion piston engines,n.e.s.; parts, n.e.s., for internal combustion pistonengines listed above (SITC division 79, groups 785, 786,and subgroups 7131, 7133, 7138, 7139).

(v) Textiles: (SITC division 65).(vi) Clothing: (SITC division 84).(vii) Other consumer goods: household articles, travel goods,

footwear, instruments and apparatus, photography,optical goods, watches and clocks, and othermanufactured articles, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 81, 82, 83,85, 87, 88, 89 excluding group 891, arms andammunition). Of which furniture (SITC division 82), travelgoods (SITC division 83), footwear (SITC division 85),and toys and games (SITC group 894).

C. Other products: commodities and transactions notclassified elsewhere (including gold); arms and ammunition(SITC section 9 and group 891).

3. World trade networkThe world merchandise trade network by region and

product from which Appendix tables A2 and A8 are derived isbased on export data. The network is constructed in thefollowing way:

First, total merchandise exports from each of the sevenregions are aggregated from individual country figures publishedin Appendix table A4.

Next, the total merchandise exports of each region aredistributed by destination and then by product. The regional andcommodity breakdown is based on UNSD, Comtrade database,OECD, Monthly Statistics of International Trade, EUROSTAT,national statistics and Secretariat estimates.

During this process, the principal adjustments to the figuresare as follows:Te

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(i) Exports of ships to the open registry countries Panamaand Liberia are re-allocated from each region’s exportsto Latin America and Africa to “unspecified destinations”(a category not shown separately).

(ii) China’s exports are adjusted to approximate their finaldestination.

(iii) Exports of non-monetary gold, where known, areincluded. When they cannot be broken down bydestination, they are allocated to “unspecifieddestinations”.

4. Merchandise trade of selected major traders byproduct, region and major trading partner (Appendixtables A9 to A18)

These tables are derived from UNSD Comtrade and Eurostat.For trade by product, world totals include shipments which havenot been distinguished by origin or destination. For trade byregion and partner, world totals include goods which have notbeen specified by product. The following adjustment has beenmade to the figures:

Exports of ships to the open registry countries Panama andLiberia are re-allocated from each economy’s exports to LatinAmerica and Africa to “unspecified destinations” (a category notshown separately).

The selection of each reporter’s major trading partners isbased on a ranking of total trade (exports plus imports) of eachreporter with their trading partners in 2002 (member States ofthe EU are counted as one trading partner).

5. Merchandise trade in balance of payments statisticsMerchandise trade statistics together with other basic

statistical systems (such as industrial and transport statistics)provide the foundation for the system of national accounts (SNA)and the balance of payments (BOP). Merchandise trade statisticsare basic to the compilation of the goods account in the balanceof payments as structured and defined in the fifth edition of theInternational Monetary Fund’s Balance of Payments Manual(BPM5).

Goods (merchandise) are defined in the SNA as “physicalobjects for which a demand exists, over which ownership rightscan be established and whose ownership can be transferredfrom one institutional unit to another by engaging intransactions on markets”. Thus, for the SNA and BOP statisticsthe recording of transactions should be based on the change ofownership principle.

However, the compilation of international merchandise tradestatistics (ITS) is usually based on customs records whichessentially reflect the physical movement of goods acrossborders, and follow international guidelines on concepts anddefinitions which do not fully conform to the principles of theSNA and the BPM5.

A number of adjustments has to be made to internationalmerchandise trade statistics before they match the specificrequirements of national accounts and balance of paymentsstatistics. For aggregate exports and imports these adjustmentsare mainly related to coverage, the system of trade, andvaluation.

With respect to coverage, the ITS in most instances conformswith the BPM5. Differences remain for the following cases: (i)transactions that represent services transactions (e.g. blueprints,videos, and tapes) should be valued in ITS at the value of thematerial in which they are incorporated, while under BPM5 thesetransactions should be excluded from goods and included, atmarket value, in services; (ii) transactions in which one or bothnational boundaries are not crossed (e.g. trade in vessels andaircraft, exports of bunkers, etc.) are not always included in ITS

for practical reasons, whereas they are usually included in BOPstatistics; (iii) goods under the improvement and repair traderegime should be excluded from ITS, but they are to be includedat the value of the repair under the BPM5.

Concerning the system of trade, the ITS guidelines outline themeasurement of trade flows on the basis of (1) the special tradesystem and (2) the general trade system. Under the special tradesystem, the customs frontier is regarded as the statisticalboundary whereas, under the general system of trade, thenational frontier is regarded as the statistical boundary. TheBPM5 stresses that measurement for BOP compilation should bebased on change of ownership rather than on the general tradesystem or the special trade system. The general trade systemappears to be a better proxy for measuring change of ownershipbecause it provides broader coverage and the date of change ofownership may be closer to the date goods cross the nationalfrontier than to the date goods clear through customs.

As far as valuation is concerned, the issue that affects mostdata comparability concerns the point of valuation, namely,whether goods are valued at the importer’s border – that is atthe c.i.f. value – or at the f.o.b. value at the exporter’s border. ITSguidelines recommend the adoption of the c.i.f. valuation forimports whereas BPM5 requires the f.o.b. valuation. Additionaladjustments may be made by BOP compilers to conform to theBPM5 requirement for a market price for valuing trade,processing trade, and with respect to currency conversion.

Once adjusted, merchandise trade is recorded in the goodscategory of the current account, along with services, income, andcurrent transfers. Therefore, within the balance of paymentsframework transactions in both goods and services areharmonized and provide for comparable statistical series, as inTable I.8. Strictly speaking, it is not correct to aggregate thefigures for commercial services and merchandise shownelsewhere in this report.

It should be noted that some countries still apply theconcepts of the fourth edition of the Balance of PaymentsManual, and thus do not include goods for processing and goodsprocured in port carriers in the goods account.

II.2 Trade in commercial services

1. Exports and importsExports (credits) and imports (debits) of commercial services

are derived from statistics on international service transactionsincluded in the balance of payments statistics, in conformity withthe concepts, definitions and classification of the fourth (1977)or fifth (1993) edition of the IMF Balance of Payments Manual.

2. Definition of commercial servicesIn the fifth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual, the

current account is subdivided into goods, services (includinggovernment services, n.i.e.), income (investment income andcompensation of employees), and current transfers. Thecommercial services category in this report is defined as beingequal to services minus government services, n.i.e. Commercialservices is further sub-divided into transport, travel, and othercommercial services.

Transport covers all transportation services (sea, air and other– including land, internal waterway, space and pipeline) that areperformed by residents of one economy for those of another, andthat involve the carriage of passengers, the movement of goods(freight), rentals (charters) of carriers with crew, and relatedsupporting and auxiliary services.

Travel includes goods and services acquired by personaltravellers, for health, education or other purposes, and bybusiness travellers. Unlike other services, travel is not a specific Te

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type of service, but an assortment of goods and servicesconsumed by travellers. The most common goods and servicescovered are lodging, food and beverages, entertainment andtransportation (within the economy visited), gifts and souvenirs.

Other commercial services corresponds to the followingcomponents defined in BPM5:

(i) communication services (telecommunications, postal andcourier services);

(ii) construction services;(iii) insurance services;(iv) financial services;(v) computer and information services (including news

agency services);(vi) royalties and licence fees, covering payments and

receipts for the use of intangible non-financial assetsand proprietary rights, such as patents, copyrights,trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises;

(vii) other business services, comprising trade relatedservices, operational leasing (rentals), and miscellaneousbusiness, professional and technical services such aslegal, accounting, management consulting, publicrelations services, advertising, market research andpublic opinion polling, research and developmentservices, architectural, engineering, and other technicalservices, agricultural, mining and on-site processing; and

(viii) personal, cultural, and recreational services includingaudiovisual services.

3. Coverage and comparabilityAlthough in recent years the coverage and comparability of

services trade data have improved, recorded trade figures stilllack comparability across countries and are subject to significantdistortions.

First, some countries do not collect statistics for certainservice categories. Second, some service transactions are simplynot registered. If central bank records are used, situations whereno financial intermediaries are employed are not counted. In thecase of surveys, the coverage of trading establishments is oftenincomplete. A particularly serious problem is that servicestransmitted electronically are frequently unregistered, especiallywhen the transactions take place within multinationalcorporations. Third, statistics may be reported on a net ratherthan on a gross basis, often as a result of compensationarrangements such as in rail transport or in communicationservices. Fourth, the alternate sources used for countries whichare not members of the IMF do not necessarily comply with theIMF concepts and definitions. Fifth, misclassification oftransactions may lead to an underestimation of commercialservices when service transactions are registered as income,transfers or trade in merchandise rather than trade in services or,conversely, to an overestimation of commercial services whentransactions pertaining to income, transfers or officialtransactions are registered in the private service categories.

These distortions may be particularly significant at thedetailed level, i.e., for a detailed service category, or for tradeflows by origin and destination.

The implementation of BPM5 is resulting in an improvementof country comparability over time. However, given that theseimprovements are made gradually, they also result in a numberof breaks in series. The borderline between goods and services,as well as the borderlines between the components ofcommercial services differ in BPM4 and BPM5. Examples of suchdifferences are:

(i) most processing transactions are included under goodson a gross basis in BPM5, while in BPM4 only the valueof the fees paid for processing are included in services;

(ii) goods procured in ports, such as fuels and provisions,are included in goods in BPM5, and in services transportin BPM4;

(iii) in BPM4, insurance services are normally measured bythe net premiums defined as premiums less claims, whilein BPM5, insurance services reflects the “normal” servicecharge, i.e. administrative services and part of theearnings; the rest of the net premiums or the actual riskpremiums is recorded under current transfers or in thefinancial account in case of life insurance; in addition,freight insurance is part of transport in BPM4, and partof insurance services in BPM5; and

(iv) the expenditure of seasonal and border workers isincluded in labour income in BPM4, and in travel inBPM5.

4. Intra-trade of the European UnionThe principal source for trade in commercial services are the

IMF’s Balance-of-Payments statistics. Intra-EU trade figures havebeen estimated from statistics included in the Eurostat’s 2003edition of EU international transactions.

5. Trade in services of the United StatesIn 2003, the United States has revised its methodology for

estimating trade in insurance services.Insurance services were previously measured as premiums

less actual claims paid. According to that approach, onlypremiums not disbursed for claims measured the output of theinsurance service sector. Paid claims simply indicated moneyflowing through insurance companies to policy holders thatsuffered losses. The main inconvenience of this measure was itssharp fluctuation for years in which extreme claims occurred, forexample, after the 11 September 2001 attacks or the 1992Hurricane Andrew.

The new methodology measures insurance services aspremiums less normal claims. Normal claims comprise twocomponents: “regularly occurring claims” that are calculated asan average of all claims paid during the previous 6 years, and ashare of “catastrophic claims” that is added-on to “regularlyoccurring claims” in equal increments over the two decadesfollowing their event.

As comprehensive data collection on insurance servicesstarted in 1986, the first 6-year average of “regularly occurringclaims” could only be calculated for 1992. As a result, timeseries on U.S. trade in insurance services, and consequently onother commercial services, have been revised back to 1992. Incomparison with previously published statistics, the values ofimports and exports of other commercial services are somewhatlower for the years 1992 through 1998 and significantly higherfor the years after.

II.3 Other definitions and methods

1. Annual changesThroughout this report, average annual percentage changes

are analogous to compound interest rates. In calculating theaverage annual rate of change between 1995 and 2000, forexample, data for calendar year 1995 were taken as the startingpoint, and data for calendar year 2000 as the end point.

2. Commodity pricesCommodity price movements are primarily described by

indices largely based on spot market prices, and thereforeexclude transactions governed by longer-term contracts. Priceindices for such commodities as food, beverages, agricultural rawmaterials, minerals, non-ferrous metals, fertilizers and crudeTe

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petroleum are obtained from IMF International FinancialStatistics. Aggregates for all primary commodities and for non-fuel primary commodities are calculated using IMF weights.

3. Merchandise trade volume and unit value indicesThe volume and unit value indices are taken from a range of

different international and national sources. The reported volumeand unit value indices may not always be available for the mostrecent years or may differ in product coverage from thecorresponding value indices.

Aggregation of the indices to obtain a world total is a two-tier process. First, export and import unit values are adjusted tothe extent possible for differences in coverage and, in cases ofmissing data, completed with Secretariat estimates. They are thenaggregated to obtain regional totals. The volume index for eachregion is obtained by dividing the respective trade value indexfor each region by the corresponding regional unit value index.

Second, to obtain the total world merchandise volume index,regional unit value indices are aggregated and the world tradevalue is deflated by the world unit value index. Throughout theaggregation process trade values of the previous year are usedas weights.

4. World productionProduction of agriculture, mining and manufacturing is

defined according to major Divisions 1, 2 and 3 of theInternational Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Worldproduction in these sectors is estimated by combining productionindices published by the FAO, IMF, OECD, UNIDO and UNSD. Theworld index is derived through aggregation of the three sectorsby using value added shares in 1995 as weights.

5. World gross domestic productWorld GDP growth is estimated as a weighted average of

economies’ real GDP growth. The weights used are shares ofeconomies in 1995 world nominal GDP converted to dollars atmarket exchange rates.

The use of official exchange rates which are not market-basedfor some major economies, together with the fluctuations of theUnited States dollar vis-à-vis major currencies can have asignificant impact on the weighting pattern. The increasing useof weights based on purchasing power parities (PPP) by otherinternational organizations is meant to attenuate “anomalies”linked to these factors. In a period of widely diverging growthrates among countries and regions, the choice of the weightingpattern can have a marked influence on the global growthestimate. For the 1995-2000 period, global growth estimatesbased on PPP-weights indicate a significantly faster growth thanestimates using weights based on GDP data measured at marketexchange rates. This is because of differences in the twoweighting patterns. Relative to weights based on GDP at marketexchange rates, PPP weights are low for the transition economies– especially the successor States of the former USSR with a poorgrowth record, and high for major developing countries (inparticular China) with above average growth.

6. Re-exportsUnder the system of general trade adopted in this report, re-

exports are included in total merchandise trade (see Section II.1).However, in the case of Hong Kong, China, the magnitude of itsre-exports (amounting in 2002 to $ 183 billion), if included inregional or world aggregates, would adversely affect theanalytical value of the statistics by introducing a significantelement of double counting. Therefore, Hong Kong, China’s re-exports are excluded from the world and from Asia aggregates(unless otherwise indicated); only Hong Kong, China’s domestic

exports and retained imports are included in the totals. For thisreason, the figures for world exports and for exports of Asiashown in Appendix tables A2 and A8 are smaller than those inAppendix table A4. Since retained imports cannot be identifiedfrom imports directly, an approximation is derived by subtractingthe value of re-exports from the value of imports. The resultingfigure will, however, under-estimate the value of retained importsby the amount of the re-export margin.

III. Country specific notes

1. Merchandise trade statistics of the European UnionBeginning with the 2002 report, EU data compiled according

to national statistical practices have been replaced, starting1993, with data compiled by Eurostat in accordance with EUlegislation. The concepts and definitions adopted by the EU arein line with the United Nations’ International Trade Statistics,Concepts and Definitions, Series M, No 52, Revision 2. As aresult, the conceptual differences between EU member states’data have been substantially reduced. Moreover, for the EU as awhole, Eurostat data are more timely than the previous source,thus reducing substantially the amount of estimation included inthe EU aggregate.

Since January 1993, statistics on the trade between themember States of the EU have been collected through the“Intrastat” system (see GATT 1994, International Trade Trendsand Statistics). The coverage of this system, which relies onreports submitted by firms for transactions above a minimumvalue, is not as wide as the previous one, which was based oncustoms declarations. This is particularly noticeable on theimport side. For example, prior to the adoption of the Intrastatsystem, reported intra-EU imports (c.i.f.) closely matchedreported intra-EU exports (f.o.b.). However, from 1993 onwards,the reported value of intra-EU imports has been on averagearound 3% lower than the value of intra-EU exports, indicatinga substantial under-reporting of intra-EU imports. As a result ofthis inconsistency, the Secretariat has substituted intra-EUexports data for intra-EU imports at the aggregate EU levelwhen estimating regional and world totals. However, thisadjustment is not allocated between EU member countries.Hence, the sum of reported imports of individual EU membersdoes not add to the figure for EU imports as a whole. Thisadjustment is also reflected in the volume estimates for the EUas a whole.

2. Merchandise trade of Central and Eastern Europe,the Baltic States and the CIS

Throughout the 1990’s economic and political upheavals inthe region led to valuation problems when converting nationalcurrencies to dollars, disruptions in the statistical reportingsystems, and changes in the statistical territories of variouseconomies in the region. This has resulted in many breaks indata continuity. The main ones are as follows:

Between 1989 and 1990, for Bulgaria and the former USSR,due to the conversion into dollars at official, market-orientedexchange rates, replacing the earlier practice of using implicitconversion factors. Valuation problems are discussed in moredetail in Box 1 in Volume I of International Trade 1990-91 and inBox 2 in Volume I of International Trade 1989-90.

Between 1993 and 1994 for the Baltic States and the CIS,due to the inclusion of their mutual exchanges. Between 1995and 1996 for the Czech Republic, due to the exclusion ofaircrafts and the movements of ships through inward processingzones, as well as the exclusion of temporary exports and imports. Te

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Between 1997 and 1998 for the Russian Federation due tothe use of Balance of Payments methodology by GOSKOMSTATstarting 1998.

Between 1994 and 1995 for the Ukraine, due to a change indata collection procedures.

Between 1996 and 1997 for the Slovak Republic, andbetween 1997 and 1998 for Poland, due to the introduction ofnew arrangements in customs procedures to harmonize with thestandards of the European Union.

With respect to the Russian Federation, considerableuncertainty remains about the accuracy of foreign trade statistics,especially as regards imports. A large proportion of the reporteddata on imports consists of official estimates of inflows of goodswhich enter the country without being registered by the customsauthorities. Such adjustments to import data accounted for 24%of the officially reported totals in 2002; and, on the export side,for about 1% of total reported exports.

IV. Statistical sources

Most frequently used sources for statistics are:EUROSTAT, Comext and New Cronos databasesFAO, Production YearbookFAO, FAOSTAT Agriculture databaseIMF, Balance of Payments StatisticsIMF, International Financial StatisticsIMF, World Economic Outlook databaseOECD, Main Economic IndicatorsOECD, Monthly Statistics of International TradeOECD, National AccountsOECD/IEA, Energy Prices & TaxesUNECE, Economic Survey of EuropeUNECLAC, Overview of the Economies of Latin America and

the CaribbeanUNIDO, National Accounts Statistics DatabaseUNSD, Comtrade database

UNSD, International Trade Statistics YearbookUNSD, Monthly Bulletin of StatisticsWorld Bank, World Development IndicatorsThese sources are supplemented by national publications and

Secretariat estimates.Figures for total merchandise trade are largely derived from

IMF, International Financial Statistics. Data on merchandise tradeby origin, destination and product are obtained mainly fromEurostat and the UNSD Comtrade database. Some inconsistenciesin the aggregate export and import data for the same country orterritory between the two sources are inevitable. These can beattributed to the use of different systems of recording trade, tothe way in which IMF and UNSD have converted data expressedin national currencies into dollars, and revisions which can bemore readily incorporated in the IMF data.

Statistics on trade in commercial services are mainly drawnfrom the IMF Balance of Payments Statistics. For countries thatdo not report to the IMF (e.g., Macao, China; and Taipei,Chinese) data are drawn from national sources. Estimations formissing data are mainly based on national statistics. Statistics ontrade in commercial services by origin and destination (TablesIII.6 and III.7) are also derived from national statistics.

GDP series in current dollars are mainly derived from theWorld Bank World Development Indicators, supplemented insome cases with statistics from the IMF World Economic Outlookdatabase.

Acknowledgements are due to the Food and AgricultureOrganization, the International Monetary Fund, the Organisationfor Economic Cooperation and Development, the StatisticalOffice of the European Communities, the United NationsEconomic Commission for Europe, the United Nations EconomicCommission for Latin America and the Caribbean, the UnitedNations Statistics Division, the United Nations IndustrialDevelopment Organization and the World Bank whose assistancein supplying advance copies of their publications as well as otherinformation has greatly facilitated the work of the Secretariat.Acknowledgements are also due to national institutions forproviding advance statistics.

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