Transcript
Page 1: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Latin American Revolution

Page 2: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Agenda• Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T.• Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1• Chart: Latin American Revolutions • Primary Source Analysis: Simon Bolivar• Revolution from three perspectives Discussion• A Symbol of Freedom • Objectives

Page 3: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Bell Ringer• What was the purpose of the Congress of Vienna?• Who led the meeting? Where was he from?• Identify one outcome of the Congress of Vienna.• What is Conservatism?• What is Liberalism?• What is Nationalism?• How would these political philosophies impact future world

events?

Page 4: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Haiti• 500,000 Enslaved Africans• They could easily

overpower masters, who treated them brutally.

• 1791, Toussaint L’Ouverture emerges as leader in the Haitian Revolution.

• French attempt to intervene, and L’Ouverture agrees to stop the revolt if slavery is outlawed. • French accuse him of

another uprising and he is arrested, dies 10 months later. 1803.

• Dessalines finishes where Toussaint began, and Haiti is independent in 1804.

Page 5: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Colonial Society in Latin America• Peninsulares• Men born in Spain, able to

hold high offices. • Creoles• Spaniards born in Latin

America, work as officers in the army.

• Mestizos• Mixed descent, European

and Indian ancestry• Mulattos• Mixed descent, European

and African• Indians• Oppressed minority.

Page 6: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Independence Movement by Creoles• Least oppressed, best

educated.• Adopted Enlightenment

ideas from education in Europe.• Discontent rises among

Creoles, Spain suppresses any revolt.• Napoleon actually starts

the revolt by removing the Spanish King and putting his brother on the throne in the Peninsular War. 1808.

Page 7: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

End of Spanish Rule in South America• Two major generals

begin revolt.• Simon Bolivar• Venezuela declares

independence from Spain in 1811.

• Not very successful at first, went into exile twice.

• 1819, surprised the Spanish Army and won, independence gained by 1821.

Page 8: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Agenda Day 2• 1. Bell Ringer: Identify and describe the five major social groups

in Latin America during the Independence movement. • 2. Lecture: Continuation of Independence in Latin America (20)• 3. Finish Chart: Latin American Revolutions (5)• 4. Primary Document Interpretation: Miguel Hidalgo (10)• 5. Map Activity: A Change in Independence (10)• 6. Miguel Hidalgo Image Interpretation (10)• 7. Objectives (8)

Page 9: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Generals• Jose de San Martin• Argentina declares

independence in 1816.• Frees Chile by 1817 after

marching through the Andes.• Peru was the last stronghold,

and Bolivar would combine his forces with San Martin.

• Bolivar stays with troops, and in 1824 they declare independence in Peru. • San Martin left his forces

with Bolivar and left for France…

Page 10: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Mexico• Class system dominates South

America, Mexico has more ethnic and racial groups.

• Indians and Mestizos play a role in the independence movement.

• Miguel Hidalgo makes the first cry for independence in 1810.• Priest in Dolores.

• Began a march towards Mexico City, 60,000 involved. Creoles and Spanish army didn’t like this idea of lower class Revolution so they defeat Miguel Hidalgo’s army in 1811• Firing Squad

Page 11: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Mexico gains Independence• Jose Maria Morelos attempts

to rally rebel forces after Hidalgo is defeated, Morelos is defeated by Creoles in 1815.

• Creole class begin move towards independence in 1821, fearing a loss of rights.

• Leading creole attempts to block any independence movement apart from Mexico, but he is overthrown in 1823.

Page 12: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Brazil• Oddly enough, this was a

peaceful exchange of power.• Portuguese King escapes

Napoleon’s army by going to Brazil.• Creoles play a major role

again, asking by petition for independence from Portugal.• Dom Pedro takes power,

and the Portuguese king agreed to independence.

Page 13: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Impact of Revolution• Independence brought

an increase in poverty.• Why? • A united Latin America

collapsed with poverty and upheaval.• Bolivar’s territories

would divide as well as the Provinces of Central America.

Page 14: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary
Page 15: Latin American Revolution. Agenda Bell Ringer: Questions with Mr. T. Lecture: Independence in Latin America Part 1 Chart: Latin American Revolutions Primary

Objective Questions for today

1. Who is the major leader of the independence movement in Venezuela?

2. Who would identify as a Peninsulares?3. Who identifies as a Mestizo?4. Who identifies as a Creole?5. Where did Miguel Hidalgo lead his Revolution?6. How does Napoleon inadvertently aid in several

Revolutionary movements in Latin America?7. Why does Revolution lead to instability in the region? 8. Which independent movement differed from others in the

region? Why?


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