Module 1.3

Database Management Systems

Outline

1. Data, System, Management2. The Database Management

System Environment3. The DBMS Organizational

Relationship

Workshop # 2The PHP <? ?>

Data + System + Management

1

What is a Database?

The database is consist of logically related data stored in a single logical data storeroom or repository.

KEYWORDS: DATABASEDATA logically relatedSINGLE LOGICAL DATA STOREROOM

What is Management?

Manage to achieve a goal

To Carry on or functionBe in charge of, act on, or dispose of

KEYWORDS: MANAGEMENTGoalFunction or RoleAct

What is a SystemAn ordered manner;

orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized

A group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole

KEY WORDS: SYSTEMORDERMETHODICALWELL-ORGANIZEDUNIFIED WHOLE

What is a Database System?An organization of components that defines and regulates the collection, storage, management and use of data in a database environment

A DBMSShould be able to:

Manage (a GOAL, a FUNCTION and ACT ON IT)

Data (logically related information)

Systematically (there is order, a method and organized as one unit)

DBMS Environment

2

The DBMS Environment Consist of

HardwareRefers to all of the system’s physical devices

ComputersMicrocomputers, main frames, workstations

and serversStorage DevicesPrintersNetwork Devices

Hubs, switches, fiber optics, routersOther Devices

SoftwareAlthough the most readily identified

software is the DBMS itself, to make the database system function fully, it needs 3 types of softwareOperating System Software – manage the

hardware components and makes it possible for all other software to run on the computer: e.g. UNIX, LINUX, Mac OS, Windows

DBMS Software – manages the Database: MS Access, SQL Server, Oracle etc

Application Programs – use to access and manipulate data in the DBMS and manage the computer environment in which data access and manipulation takes place

PeopleThis component includes all user of

the database system. Usually consist of the following:Systems Administrator (SYSAD)

oversees the database system’s general operations

Database Administrators (DBA) manage the DBMS and ensure that the database is functioning properly

Database Designers designs the database structures; database architects.

Systems Analysts and Programmers designs the application programs

End Users are the people who use the application programs to run the organization’s daily operations

ProceduresInstructions and rules that govern the design and use

of the database systemProcedures also are used to ensure that there is an

organized way to monitor and audit both the data that enters the database and the information that is generated through the use of that data

Examples: Enrolment ProceduresOpening a new bank account

DataData covers the collection of facts

stored in the database.Because data are the raw materials

from which information is generated, the determination of what data are to be entered into the database and how the data are to be organized is a vital part of the database designer’s job.

DBMS OrganizationalRelationships

3

System Administrator

Database Designer

DatabaseAdministrator

Analysts &Programmers

End Users

Procedures &Standards

DBMSUtilities

ApplicationSoftwares

designs

writes and enforces

supervises

managesw

rites

access

Har

dwar

e

use

Applied to

DBMS

A DBMS and a HUMAN PERSONThe DBMS A HUMAN Thinking like a DBMS

Software Our Human Brain What type of OS do you have?

Hardware Our Body and its subsystems (digestive, circulatory etc)

Is your Hardware System Working well to be able to function task efficiently?

People Our parents, friends, “churvaloos”, classmates etc

Who help you manage your life? Who are your end users?

Procedures Rules, Daily Activities What is your end goal in life? What are your principles in life? What are your activities?

Data Our Life Experiences and Encounters

Are you able to maximize your daily data in your life and be able to process it well?

SummaryA good database management system is able

to create systems to be able to manage data efficiently and effectively

A Database Management system consist of 5 components/elements:Software, hardware, people, procedures and data

A DBMS involves a inter-relationship of task, people and procedures working as a whole.

Module 1.3

Lab work

Labwork

4

Objectives

1. Write and execute a simple php script2. Compare and Contrast between an html file and a

php file extension

Workshop 2.1

PHP and HTML Comparison

Procedure 1Go to c:/xampp/htdocs/Create a new folder called: IM32W2

create a new html file using notepad/notepad++

<html> <body>

<h1> Hello World! </h1></body>

</html>

Save it as index.htmlBrowse it on your localhost:

http://localhost/im32w2 orhttp://127.0.0.1/im32w2

Procedure 2Go to c:/xampp/htdocs/Create a new folder called: IM32W2

create a new html file using notepad/notepad++

<html> <body>

<h1> Hello World! </h1></body>

</html>

Save it as index.phpBrowse it on your localhost:

http://localhost/im32w2/index.html orhttp://127.0.0.1/im32w2/index.html

Procedure 3Open index.htmlAdd the following lines (refer to the next

slide)Save it.Browse it on your localhost:

http://localhost/im32w2/index.html orhttp://127.0.0.1/im32w2/index.html

<html> <body>

<h1> Hello World! </h1><?echo ‘<h2><i>IM 32</i></h2>’;?>

</body></html>

Procedure 4Open index.phpAdd the following lines (refer to the next

slide)Save it.Browse it on your localhost:

http://localhost/im32w2/index.php orhttp://127.0.0.1/im32w2/index.php

<html> <body>

<h1> Hello World! </h1><?echo ‘<h2><i>IM 32</i></h2>’;?>

</body></html>

Before the class ends:Is there a difference between

index.html and index.php?