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Page 1: Nuclear Power:

Nuclear Power:

Our Misunderstood Friend

Page 2: Nuclear Power:

Overview• Growing Demand for Energy• Comparison of Nuclear with

Other Forms of Energy• Disposal of Waste• Safety of Nuclear Energy

Page 3: Nuclear Power:

Growing Demand for Electricity

• Steady increase in demand• Impact of electric drive vehicles on

demand• Impact of EGU MACT legislation on

demand

Page 4: Nuclear Power:
Page 5: Nuclear Power:

Chevy Volt• Can drive 35 miles before gasoline engine

starts

• Takes 10 hours to charge on a 120 volt line

• Takes 4 hours to charge on a 240 volt line

Page 6: Nuclear Power:

EGU MACT legislation:

Could close 20-30% of plants

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Nuclear as compared with other technologies:

How does it stack up?

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Wind• Better for the environment

because it is renewable• Generates at a capacity of 20-40%• Rate of Injury of Workers

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Solar

• Better for the environment because it is renewable

• Can only generate at a capacity of 20-40%

• Battery technology

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Nuclear vs. CoalNuclear

• About 19% of electricity generated by DTE

• Radioactive waste• Less than 0.00001% fuel

of coal• High energy content• Less susceptible to

fluctuation• High initial cost

Coal• 80% of electricity

generated by DTE• Emissions• Mining, transport,

burning• Low energy content• Large fluctuations in cost

of fuel• High cost lies in fuel

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*CCGT is a type of coal powered plant

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Nuclear Power in France• 75% electricity from nuclear• 17% electricity from recycled nuclear power• Generate 3 billion euro annually by selling to

the rest of Europe

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Disposal of Waste

• Types of Nuclear Waste• Disposal of Nuclear waste

–Amount Generated–Repository

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Types of Waste

•Gaseous

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Types of Waste•Liquid

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Types of Waste•Solid

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Disposal of Nuclear Waste

•On Site Repository

Page 19: Nuclear Power:

Disposal of Nuclear Waste in Yucca Mountain

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Disasters

• Chernobyl• 3 Mile Island• Japan

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Chernobyl

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What Happened• Failed Experiment• Ignored Warnings• Explosion• Runaway Nuclear

Reactor

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Effects of Chernobyl• 100,000 km2 of contamination• Rise in Thyroid Cancer

– Treatment 96% Effective.– Could have been prevented.

• Liquidators and Acute Radiation Sickness– Firefighters in the Plant.

• Cancer Rates in Highly Contaminated Group– 4000 Extra Cancer Deaths among 600,000 People.

• Cancer Rates of People in Contaminated Zones– 5000 Extra Cancer Deaths among 5 Million People

Page 24: Nuclear Power:

How Modern Reactors Differ From Old Soviet Reactors

• RBMK Reactor– Water Cooled– Graphite Rod Moderators– No Containment Vessel

• Light Water Reactor– Water Cooled– Water Moderated– Steel and Concrete Containment Vessel

Page 25: Nuclear Power:

3 Mile Island

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Effects• Average Dose of Radiation

– 1 millirem– 1/6th radiation produced by a chest x-ray

• Maximum Dose of Radiation– Less than 100 millirem– Background Radiation 100 to 125 millirems per year

• Radioactive Isotopes– Very Low Levels Detected

• Radiation Contained– Containment vessel was not breached

Page 28: Nuclear Power:

Aftermath• NRC given more control of power plants• Human Error

– Operator training improved by lessons learned.– 2 Full Time inspectors at each site.

• Design Problems– Improved controls and indicators.– Piping system revamped.

• Component Failures– Auxiliary Coolant Systems.– Automatic Shutdown.

Page 29: Nuclear Power:

Fukushima Daiichi

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What Happened• Earthquake• Tsunami• Systems Offline• Meltdown

Page 31: Nuclear Power:

Effects• No Containment Breaches• Release of Iodine 131 and Cesium 137• Evacuation around the plant• Contaminated food• No deaths caused by the accident

Page 32: Nuclear Power:

Overview• Growing Demand for Energy• Comparison of Nuclear with

Other Forms of Energy• Disposal of Waste• Safety of Nuclear Energy

Page 33: Nuclear Power:

NUCLEAR POWER:

Our No Longer Misunderstood Friend


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