Download pdf - Phase 6 Drawings (Drgs 1-14)

PHASE 6

PHASE 6 DRAWING (D1)

DRAWING (D1)

1. AXED SEMI CIRCULAR ARCH

74

CL

S.P

910 327327

DRAW TO SCALE 1:5

1:101:101:101:10

NOTES

� TO CALCULATE THE LENGTH OF THE ARC USE THE FOLLOWING FORMULA

3.14 X DIA OF EXTRADOS ÷ 2

� THEN DIVIDE YOUR ANSWER BY APPROX 75MM TO OBTAIN SPACINGS.

� POSITION THE KEY BRICK FIRST

2. AXED SEGMENTAL ARCH

60°

A

A

ELEVATION

SECTION AA4 BRICKS

DRAW TO SCALE 1:5

1:101:101:101:10

NOTES

� THE VOUSSOIRS CAN BE MARKED ON THE EXTRADOS TO THE REQUIRED SPACING

� ENSURE THE KEY BRICK IS CENTRED OVER THE MIDDLE OF THE SPRINGING LINE AND THAT

THERE IS AN ODD NUMBER OF VOUSSOIRS IN THE ARCH.

� IN ORDER TO ENSURE ALL THE VOUSSOIRS ARE RADIATED CORRECTLY, THEY ARE ALL RANGED

FROM THE SPACINGS ON THE EXTRADOS TO THE STRIKING POINT.

� TO CALCULATE THE LENGTH OF THE ARC THE FOLLOWING FORMULA MAY BE USED

3.14 X DIAMETER OF THE CIRCLE THE ARC IS A PART OF ÷ 360° X ANGLE CREATED AT STRIKING

POINT (60º)

3. AXED BULLS EYE ARCH

HORIZ. CL

VERT. CL

DIA. 1340

DRAW TO SCALE 1:5

NOTES

VERT. CL

HORIZ. CL

DRAW THE HORIZONTAL CENTRE LINE 910MM WIDEDRAW A VERTICAL CENTRE LINE THROUGH THEMIDDLE OF THIS LINE. PLACING THE POINT OF THECOMPASS AT THE INTERSECTION OF BOTH LINESOPEN THE PENCIL 455MM AND DRAW A CIRCLE. THISIS NOW THE INTRADOS. TO DRAW THE EXTRADOSOPEN THE COMPASS A FURTHER 215MM AND DRAWANOTHER CIRCLE.

215

910

TO CALCULATE THE LENGTH OF THE EXTRADOS AND THE SPACINGSTO BE MARKED ON THE EXTRADOS USE THE FOLLOWINGFORMULA......... 3.14 X Ø = LENGTH OF CIRCLE (EXTRADOS)SO 3.14 X 1340 = 4208MM THE EXTRADOS IS 4208 LONG SO DIVIDE ITBY 75 (BRICK PLUS A JOINT) TO GET SPACINGS. 4208 ÷ 75 =56.1BRICKS SO WE ROUND THIS UP TO THE NEAREST EVEN NUMBER(BECAUSE THERE WILL BE AN ODD NUMBER OF BRICKS BETWEENEACH KEY BRICK TO ALLOW FOR BONDING) WHICH IS 58 BRICKS.TO FIND THE SPACINGS WE DIVIDE 4208 BY 58 = 72.5MM SPACINGS.THE KEY BRICKS MUST BE POSITIONED FIRST AND CENTRED OVERBOTH CENTRE LINES AS SHOWN

1340

737373

STEP 1 STEP 2

737373

EACH OF THE MARKEDSPACINGS ON THE EXTRADOSCAN NOW BE JOINED TO THESTRIKING POINT

STEP 3 STEP 4

DRAW IN THE JOINTS ENSURING THE ARCH BONDS OUTCORRECTLY & HAS AN ODD NUMBER OF VOUSSOIRSBETWEEN EACH KEY BRICK

4. CAMBER ARCH

910

112.5112.5

300

DRAW TO SCALE 1:5

1:101:101:101:10

NOTES

SPR. LINE

CL

SPR. LINE

CL

300

STEP 1 STEP 2

CL

STRIKINGPOINT

112112

CL

STRIKINGPOINT

SETTING OUT LINE

STEP 3 STEP 4

STEP 5

CL

SETTING OUT LINE

REMEMBER: TO CALCULATE THE LENGTH OF AN ARC USE THEFOLLOWING FORMULA...........3.14 X Ø OF THE CIRCLE ÷ 360° X ANGLE CREATED FROMSTRIKING PT. TO SPRINGING POINTS

MARKING OUT THE VOUSSOIRS

41°

Ø3000

63

STEP 6

300

100

200

NOTE 9MM CAMBER:1MM RISE FOR EVERY100MM SPAN

5. EQUILATERAL GOTHIC ARCH

DRAW TO SCALE 1:10

STEP 1

DRAW THE SPAN OF THE ARCH AND A VERTICAL CENTRE LINE THROUGH THIS LINE. THE TWO SPRINGING POINTS OF THE ARCH ARE ALSO THE STRIKING POINTS.

STRIKING POINT

CL

910

STRIKING POINT

STEP 2

TO DRAW THE INTRADOS - PLACE THE POINT OF THE COMPASS ON EACH OF THE STRIKING POINTS AND CREATE AN ARC UP TO THE CENTRE LINE.

STRIKING POINT

CL

910

STRIKING POINT

STEP 3

TO DRAW THE EXTRADOS - EXTEND THE COMPASS BY 215 MM OR THE REQUIRED FACE DEPTH OF THE ARCH - PLACE THE POINT OF THE COMPASS ON EACH OF THE STRIKING POINTS AND CREATE AN ARC UP TO THE CENTRE LINE.

910

910215

STEP 4

TO CALCULATE THE LENGHT OF THE EXTRADOS USE THE FOLLOWING FOMULA.

3.14 X Ø � 360° X ANGLE CREATED AT THE STRIKING POINT

66°

DIA. 2250

910

STEP 6

EACH OF THE SPACINGS MARKED ON THE EXTRADOS CAN NOW BE RADIATED BACK TO THE STRIKING POINT

68

910

STEP 5

3.14 X 2250 � 360° X 66° = 1295

LENGTH OF EXTRADOS = 1295 NOW DIVIDE THIS FIGURE BY APPROX 70MMTHIS EQUALS 19 VOUSSOIRS NOW DIVIDE 1295 BY 19 TO ESTABLISH THE VOUSSOIR SPACINGS - THIS = SPACINGS OF 68MM

68

STEP 7

BOND OUT THE ARCH ON THE FACE

6. LANCET GOTHIC ARCH

DRAW TO SCALE 1:10

910

CL

975

STEP 1

DRAW THE SPAN OF THE ARCH - EXTENDING THE SPRINGING LINE PAST THE JAMBS ON BOTH SIDES.

DRAW A VERTICAL CENTRE LINE THROUGH THE SPRINGING LINE.

THE RISE OF THE LANCET GOTHIC IS ALWAYS GREATER THAN ITS SPAN

910

CL

STRIKING POINT STRIKING POINT

STEP 2

TO ESTABLISH THE STRIKING POINTS - MARK THE RISE ON THE CENTRE LINE (975 IN THIS CASE)

JOIN THIS POINT TO ONE OF THE SPRINGING POINTS AND THEN BISECT THIS LINE

JOIN THE TWO POINTS (X's) CREATED WHEN BISECTING THE LINE UNTIL IT MEETS THE SPRINGING LINE

THIS IS NOW ONE OF THE STRIKING POINTS - THE OTHERSTRIKING POINT CAN BE EXTABLISHED ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE ARCH

910

CL

STRIKING POINT STRIKING POINT

STEP 3



910

CL

57°

STRIKING POINT

Ø2974

STEP 4

TO CALCULATE THE LENGHT OF THE EXTRADOS USE THE FOLLOWING FOMULA.


STEP 6


910

CL

STRIKING POINT

STEP 5

3.14 X 2974 � 360° X 57° = 1479


EACH OF THE SPACINGS ARE MARKED ON THE EXTRADOS AND CAN NOW BE RADIATED BACK TO THE STRIKING POINT

70

7. DROP GOTHIC ARCH

910

DRAW TO SCALE 1:10

CL

910

600RISE

STEP 1

DRAW THE SPAN OF THE ARCH TO THE REQUIRED DIMENSION.

DRAW A VERTICAL CENTRE LINE THROUGH THE SPRINGING LINE.

THE RISE OF THE DROP GOTHIC IS ALWAYS LESS THAN ITS SPAN

SP 1 SP 2

CL

910

600RISE

STEP 2

TO ESTABLISH THE STRIKING POINTS - MARK THE RISE ON THE CENTRE LINE (600 IN THIS CASE)

JOIN THIS POINT TO ONE OF THE SPRINGING POINTS AND THEN BISECT THIS LINE

JOIN THE TWO POINTS (X's) CREATED WHEN BISECTING THE LINE UNTIL IT MEETS THE SPRINGING LINE

THIS IS NOW ONE OF THE STRIKING POINTS - THE OTHERSTRIKING POINT CAN BE EXTABLISHED ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE ARCH

SP 1 SP 2

CL

910

600RISE

STEP 3



CL

910

78°

SP 1

STEP 4

TO CALCULATE THE LENGHT OF THE EXTRADOSUSE THE FOLLOWING FOMULA.


Ø1676

SP 1 SP 2

CL

910

71

STEP 5

3.14 X 1676 � 360° X 78° = 1140


EACH OF THE SPACINGS ARE MARKED ON THE EXTRADOS AND CAN NOW BE RADIATED BACK TO THE STRIKING POINT

910

STEP 6


8. SEMI ELLIPTICAL ARCH / 3 CENTRED ARCH

900

DRAW TO SCALE 1:10

CL

900

SP 1

SP 2 SP 3

RISE EQUALS ONE THIRD OF THE SPAN

100

100

100

STEP 1

DRAW THE SPAN TO GIVEN DIMENSION THEN MARK THE RISE (WHICH IS ONE THIRD OF THE SPAN I.E. 300MM IN THIS CASE)ONTO THE CENTRE LINE DIVIDE THE RISE INTO THREE EQUAL SEGMENTS (I.E. 100MM DIVISIONS)

TO ESTABLISH STRIKING POINT 2 & 3 - MEASURE A DISTANCE FROM THE SPRINGING POINT TOWARDS THE CENTRE LINE THAT IS EQUAL TO TWO THIRDS OF THE RISE (I.E. 200MM IN THIS CASE) THESE POINTS ARE ARE NOW STRIKING POINT 2 & 3

TO ESTABLISH STRIKING POINT 1 - JOIN A LINE FROM THE FIRST 100MM DIVISION ON THE RISE TO STRIKING POINT 2 AND BISECT THIS LINE - WHERE THIS LINE MEETS THE CENTRE LINE IS STRIKING POINT 1.

TWO THIRDS OF RISE

TWO THIRDS OF RISE

900

SP 1

SP 2 SP 3

CLCOMMON NORMAL 1 COMMON NORMAL 2

STEP 2

JOIN STRIKING POINT 1 TO STRIKING POINT 2 & 3 AND EXTEND THESE LINES WELL UPWARDS.THESE LINES ARE THE COMMON NORMALS - THEY DICIDE THE ARCH INTO 3 SEGMENTS

900

SP 1

SP 2 SP 3

COMMON NORMAL 1 COMMON NORMAL 2

327.5327.5

CL

STEP 3

TO DRAW THE INTRADOS OF THE LOWER THIRD (HAUNCH) OF THE ARCH PLACE THE COMPASS ONTO STRIKING POINT 2 AND OPEN THE PENCIL TO THE SPRINGING POINT - SCRIBE AN ARC UNTIL IT MEETS COMMON NORMAL 1.

TO DRAW THE EXTRADOS SIMPLY OPEN THE PENCIL BY THE REQUIRED FACE DEPTH OF THE ARCH ( 327.5MM IN THIS CASE) AND EXTEND TO COMMON NORMAL 1.

REPEAT THE PROCESS ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE ARCH.

900

SP 1

SP 2 SP 3


327.5327.5

300

STEP 4

TO DRAW THE INTRADOS ON THE UPPER SECTION OF THE ARCH - PLACE THE COMPASS ONTO STRIKING POINT 1 AND OPEN THE PENCIL TO THE THE TOP OF THE RISE - SCRIBE AN ARC EITHER SIDE OF THE CENTRE LINE UNTIL IT MEETS COMMON NORMAL 1 & 2

TO DRAW THE EXTRADOS SIMPLY OPEN THE PENCIL BY THE REQUIRED FACE DEPTH OF THE ARCH ( 327.5MM IN THIS CASE) AND SCRIBE AN ARC UNTIL IT MEETS COMMON NORMAL 1 & 2.

900

SP 2


327.5327.5

46°

SP 3

L

71 71

STEP 5

TO CALCULATE THE VOUSSOIR SPACING IN THE LOWER THIRD THE FOLLOWING FORMULA MAY BE USED. 3.14 X Ø � 360° X ANGLE CREATED AT THE STRIKING POINT

3.14 X 1054 � 360° X 46° = 423

LENGTH OF EXTRADOS = 423 - NOW DIVIDE THIS FIGURE BY APPROX 70MM - THIS EQUALS 6 VOUSSOIRS - DIVIDE 423 BY 6 TO ESTABLISH THE VOUSSOIR SPACINGS - THIS = SPACINGS OF 71MM

EACH OF THE SPACINGS ARE MARKED ON THE EXTRADOS AND CAN NOW BE RADIATED BACK TO THE STRIKING POINT 2

THE VOUSSOIRS MAY NOW ALSO BE MARKED OUT ON THE OPPOSITE HAUNCH WITH THE SAME SPACINGS & RADIATED BACK TO STRIKING POINT 3

Ø1054

900

SP 1


327.5327.5

CL

87°

71

Ø1779

STEP 6

TO CALCULATE THE VOUSSOIR SPACING IN THE UPPER THIRD OF THE ARCH THE FOLLOWING FORMULA MAY BE USED. 3.14 X Ø � 360° X ANGLE CREATED AT THE STRIKING POINT

3.14 X 1779 � 360° X 87° = 1350

LENGTH OF EXTRADOS = 1350 - NOW DIVIDE THIS FIGURE BY APPROX 70MM - THIS EQUALS 19 VOUSSOIRS - DIVIDE 1350 BY 19 TO ESTABLISH THE VOUSSOIR SPACINGS - THIS = SPACINGS OF 71MM

EACH OF THE SPACINGS ARE MARKED ON THE EXTRADOS AND CAN NOW BE RADIATED BACK TO THE STRIKING POINT 1

900

SP 1


327.5327.5

SP 2 SP 3

STEP 7

ENSURE WHEN THE FULL ARCH SPACINGS ARE MARKED OUT THAT THERE IS AN EQUAL NUMBER OF VOUSSOIRS IN BOH OF THE LOWER SECTIONS & THAT THERE IS A KEY BRICK IN THE UPPER SECTION

900

STEP 8

BOND OUT THE ARCH ON THE FACE BY OFFSETTING THE INTRADOS BY 112.5MM & 215MM TO CREAT THE JOINTS

9. TUMBLING – IN

3 BRICKS 3 BRICKS2.5 BRICKS

25

337.5 215

A

A

ELEVATION END VIEW AA

975

DRAW TO SCALE DRAW TO SCALE DRAW TO SCALE DRAW TO SCALE 1:101:101:101:10

10. RAT TRAP BOND

112.5

ISOMETRIC VIEW


11. GLASS BLOCK PANEL

SLIDING JOINT BITUMEN PAINT UNDER GLASS BLOCK MORTAR

10MM EXPANSION JOINT FILLED WITH EXPANSION FIBRE AND SEALED WITH ELASTMERIC SEALANT

6MM HORIZONTAL REINFORCING ROD HOUSED INTO JAMBS

PRE STRESSED CONCRETE LINTEL

A

A

810

810

ELEVATION SECTION AA

PLAN

6MM REINFORCING ROD HOUSED INTO 8MM BORE WITH 2OMM ELASTMERIC SEALANT AT END OF ROD

10MM EXPANSION JOINT FILLED WITH EXPANSION FIBRE AND SEALED WITH ELASTMERIC SEALANT

6MM VERTICAL REINFORCING ROD

215


12. BRICK RETAINING WALL

900

225

G.L

G.L

CONC. FEATHER EDGE COPING

D.P.C

BACK OF WALL TO BE COATED WITH BITUMEN OR LINED WITH HEAVY DUTY POLYTHENE

RUBBLE FILLING

100MM PVC PIPE TO ACT AS WEEP HOLE. PLACED @ 1800MM CENTRES

BRICKS TO BE LAID IN 1:3 MORTAR MIX.VERTICAL MOVEMENT JOINTS TO BE POSITIONED AT NOT MORE THAN 15M CENTRES

450

1800 MAX.

300

525

1200

900


13. BACKDROP MANHOLE

1200

GROUND LEVEL

SEWER

FLOW

2200

90° SLOW BRANCH

100MMØ DROP PIPE

150MM MIN CONCRETE ENCASING

90° SLOW BEND

CONC RAFT FOUND.

BENCHING

HALF CHANNEL

LEVER LOCKING STOPPER ATTACHED TO BLOCKWORK WITH CHAIN & STAPLE

100MM PRE CAST CONC. SLAB

215MM BLOCKWORK

GALV STEP IRONS SPACED 450MM VERTICALLY FROM COVER & STAGGERED AT 230C/C

600MM X 600MM X 60MM CAST IRON COVER & FRAME SURROUNDED WITH MORTAR FILLET


14. EXTERNAL TANKING

G.L 150

D.P.C

STONE BACKFILL TO PREVENT WATER BUILDUP

SOLID BLOCKWORK TO PROTECT MEMBRANE

PERFORATED DRAIN WRAPPED IN GEOTEXTILE FILTER CLOTH TO TAKE AWAY GROUND WATER.

GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

INSULATION WITH VAPOUR BARRIER ON WARM SIDE

REINFORCED CONC RETAINING WALL

20MM VERTICAL ASPHALT TANKING OR PROPRIETARY ASHESIVE DPM

ANGLE FILLET

FLOOR SCREED 65MM MIN

INSULATION

50MM PROTECTIVE SCREED

30MM HORIZONTAL ASPHALT TANKING OR PROPRIETARY ASHESIVE DPM

SECTION THROUGH A BASEMENT WITH EXTERNAL TANKING

2400
