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Ready for Advanced Spanish Companion 1

Ready for AdvancedSpanish Companion

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Ready for Advanced Spanish Companion 2

English SpanishUNIT 1 UNIDAD 1

combat combatir

come up against tropezar con

confront confrontar

encounter encontrar

face enfrentarse a

face up to a problem enfrentarse a un problema

resolve resolver

rise above superar

run into chocar con

sort out solucionar

tackle atajar

a common un común

a major un importante

a minor un menor

a potential un potencial

a recurrent problem un recurrente

a serious un grave

a tough un difícil

a trivial un trivial

an unexpected un inesperado

an urgent un urgente

B Challenges and achievements B Retos y logros

accept aceptar

face enfrentarse a

pose plantear

present a challenge presentar

rise to dar lugar

take up emprender

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English Spanisha daunting un desalentador

an exciting un excitante

a formidable un formidable

a major challenge un importante

a new un nuevo

a serious un grave

improve mejorar

increase aumentar

lack motivation faltar

lose perder

strengthen reforzar

high/strong alta/fuerte

low/poor baja/pobre

personal motivation personal

political política

staff personal empleado

student estudiante

achieve conseguir

be assured of estar seguro de

deserve merecer

enjoy success disfrutar

guarantee garantizar

meet with reunirse con

be a/an great ser un gran

huge enorme

overnight success por la noche

resounding rotundo

roaring estruendoso

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English Spanishadmit admitir

be doomed to estar condenado a

be resigned to estar resignado a

end in failure terminar en

meet with tropezar con

result in resultar en

complete completo

continued continuo

dismal failure deprimente

inevitable inevitable

total total

achieve conseguir

fulfil satisfacer

have an ambition tener un(a)

pursue perseguir

realize realizar

a burning un(a) ardiente

my greatest mi mayor

a lifelong de toda la vida

my main ambition mi principal

a personal un(a) personal

a secret un(a) secreto(a)

a great un gran

a major un importante

an outstanding un excepcional

a remarkable achievement un notable

a scientific un científico

a sporting un deportista

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English Spanisha technological un tecnológico

chance

There’s every/little/no likelihood that something will happen/of something (happening) Hay muchas/pocas/ninguna

possibility

distinct

faint

good

real

There’s a (very) realistic chance/possibility of sth (happening) / that sth will happen Hay una (muy)

remote

slight

strong

every

a fair

a good

They have/stand little chance of doing something Tienen/presentan

no

an outside

a slim

She is bound/certain/sure to do it Está obligada/cierta/segura de hacerlo

She is highly likely to do it. Es altamente probable que lo haga.

She may/might/could well do it. Podría/bien podría hacerlo.

She could easily/conceivably do it. Podría fácilmente/posiblemente hacerlo.

She is hardly likely to do it. Es altamente probable que lo haga.

She is highly unlikely to do it. Es altamente improbable que lo haga.

It is highly likely/probably/unlikely/improbably that she'll do it

Es altamente probable/probablemente/improbable/improbablemente que lo haga.

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English Spanish

We are going to investigate/look into Vamos a investigar/examinar

One cannot ignore/rule out/exclude the possibility that …/of … No se puede ignorar/descartar/excluir

You should not overlook No debería pasarlo por alto

In order to reduce Con el fin de reducir

UNIT 2 UNIDAD 2

Changes Cambios

Verbs and nouns Verbos y sustantivos

bring about a originar un

call for a reclamar un

cope with tratar con un

introduce a change presentar un

lead to a llevar a un

resist resistir

welcome a dar la bienvenida a un

witness a atestiguar un

adapt to a change adaptarse a

adjust to a college ajustarse a

life

a new job

adjust clothing/ ajustar

/the volume

the height of

alter plans alterar

clothes

your appearance

amend a law corregir

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English Spanisha document

change places cambiar

the subject

your mind

your tune

your ways

convert a building convertir

money

to a religion

modify your behaviour modificar

your language

a design

the blame trasladar

shift the responsibility

No English equivalent

switch sides conmutar

TV channels

over to a new currency

transfer money to another account

to a team/department transferir

transform the appearance

the character transformar

vary your diet variar

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English Spanishthe menu

your routine

in price

Verbs and adverbs Verbos y adverbios

adapt to automatically adaptarse/ajustarse

adjust easily

effortlessly

completely

dramatically

slightly

change drastically cambiar

overnight

significantly

modify slightly modificar

substantially

subtly

transform completely transformar

instantly

radically

vary considerably variar

greatly

widely

Adjectives and nouns Adjetivos y sustantivos

a dramatic un dramático

economic económico

a far-reaching de largo alcance

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English Spanisha pleasant un agradable

political político

a refreshing change un refrescante

a significant un significativo

social social

a sudden un súbito

a sweeping un extenso

an unexpected un inesperado

a welcome un bienvenido

Prepositions and nouns Preposiciones y sustantivos

a change in attitudes un cambio en

policy

the law

a patient's condition

s.b's fortunes

the weather

a change of address un cambio de

direction

government

heart

luck

mind

mood

pace

plan

scene

UNIT 3 Unidad 3

Information Información

Verbs Verbos

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English Spanishaccess acceder

broadcast difundir

collect recoger

compile information compilar

find encontrar

gather reunir

get conseguir

give dar

obtain obtener

provide proporcionar

publish publicar

Adjectives Adjetivos

(in)accurate (im)precisa

(un)ambiguous (in)equívoca

(un)biased (im)parcial

(un)clear (poco)clara

comprehensive comprensiva

confidential information confidencial

limited limitada

misleading engañosa

(ir)relevant (ir)relevante

(un)reliable (poco)fiable

up-to-date actualizada

useful útil

useless inútil

vague vaga

B Smell B Olor

Verbs Verbos

detect detectar

get rid of deshacerse de

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English Spanishgive off a/the smell (of sth) desprender

leave dejar

notice percibir

remember recordar

Adjectives to describe smells Adjetivos para describir olores

acrid acre

distinct definido

faint débil

foul fétido

fresh fresco

mouth-watering apetitoso

musty mohoso

overpowering irresistible

(un)pleasant (des)agradable

pungent picante

rancid rancio

sickly enfermizo

stale añejo

strong fuerte

sweet dulce

unmistakable inconfundible

Nouns Sustantivos

aroma aroma

fragrance fragancia

odour olor

perfume perfume

scent esencia

smell olor

stench hedor

smell good/bad buen/mal olor

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English Spanish

Adjectives to describe methods and ways of doing things Adjetivos para describir métodos y formas de hacer cosas

controversial controvertido

convenient conveniente

(un)conventional (no) convencional

costly caro

cost-effective rentable

effective eficaz

efficient eficiente

familiar familiar

frustrating frustrante

handy práctico

inexpensive barato

ingenious ingenioso

innovative innovador

novel novedoso

obsolete obsoleto

old-fashioned anticuado

persuasive persuasivo

rapid rápido

(un)reliable (poco)fiable

subtle sutil

time-saving ahorrador de tiempo

traditional tradicional

tried and tested probado

unique único

(un)usual (in)usual

UNIT 4 UNIDAD 4

A Body idioms Giros idiomáticos

be written all over one’s face llevarlo escrito en la cara

find one’s feet encontrar su sitio

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English Spanishget off on the wrong foot empezar con mal pie

get out of hand irse de las manos

give sb the cold shoulder dar la espalda a alguien

go over sb’s head pasar por encima de alguien

go weak at the knees temblar las piernas

have a good head for business tener buen olfato para los negocios

keep one’s ear to the ground estar atento a lo que ocurre

(not) see eye to eye with sb (no) estar de acuerdo con alguien

off the top of one’s head sobrepasarle a uno

pick sb’s brains averiguar todo lo que sabe alguien

point the finger at sb acusar a alguien

put sb’s nose out of joint irritar, ofender a alguien

talk about sb behind their back hablar de alguien a sus espaldas

turn a blind eye to sth hacer la vista gorda sobre algo

B Time B Tiempo

Verbs Verbos

allocate asignar

be pressed for estar presionado, tener prisa

devote dedicar

find encontrar

free up liberar, desocupar

invest time invertir

kill matar

manage gestionar

run out of agotar

set/put aside reservar, dejar de lado

take up emprender

waste desperdiciar

Adjectives Adjetivos

free/leisure/spare libre/ocioso/disponible

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English Spanishkick-off/injury/half inicial/lesión/medio

qualifying/winning/recordbreaking calificativo/ganador/que bate récords

arrival/departure/flying time llegada/salida/volador

(off)-peak viewing/prime (no) máxima audiencia

opening/closing/sale apertura/cierre/venta

sowing/milking/harvest siembra/ordeño/cosecha

Other expressions Otras expresiones

at a specific/set/predetermined time a una hora específica/fijada/predeterminada

in the time allocated/allowed/available a la hora asignada/permitida/disponible

extend/(fail to) meet/miss/set/work to a deadline ampliar/(no) satisfacer/faltar/fijar/ un trabajo respecto a un plazo

take time off work tomarse tiempo libre

time is against you el tiempo está en tu contra

a matter of time una cuestión de tiempo

make time for oneself darse tiempo a sí mismo

UNIT 5 Unidad 5

A Adjectives to describe relationships A Adjetivos para describir relaciones

business empresarial

close cercana

difficult difícil

family familiar

formal formal

friendly amistosa

intimate íntima

lasting duradera

love-hate de amor-odio

personal personal

professional relationship profesional

prickly espinosa

relaxed relajada

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English Spanishrocky rocosa

solid sólida

stable estable

strong fuerte

uneasy incómoda

working de trabajo

B Adjective and noun collocations B Disposiciones de adjetivos y nombres

heated/furious/fierce/pointless argument discusión caliente/furiosa/acalorada/inútil

courting/elderly/married/young couple pareja de novios/anciana/casada/joven

adoptive/extended/immediate/single-parent family familia adoptiva/ampliada/directa/unifamiliar

inner/mixed/negative/strong feelings sentimientos íntimos/encontrados/negativos/fuertes

best/close/mutual/school friend mejor amigo/amigo íntimo/mutuo/compañero de estudios

brotherly/first/true/unrequited love amor fraternal/primer amor/amor verdadero/no correspondido

family/heightened/rising/social tension tensión familiar/en aumento/creciente/social

C Further expressions C Otras expresiones

call sb names decir de todo a alguien, insultar a alguien

call sb by their first name llamar a alguien por su nombre, tutearle

fall for sb estar atraído (colado) por alguien

fall out with sb pelearse con alguien

get on like a house on fire llevarse como uña y carne

get on sb’s nerves poner a alguien de los nervios

have it in for sb tener algo contra alguien

keep oneself to oneself ser muy reservado

keep in touch with sb mantenerse en contacto con alguien

look up to sb admirar a alguien

look down on sb mirar a alguien por encima del hombro

put a great strain on a relationship poner mucha tirantez en una relación

put sb down hablar mal de alguien

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English Spanishtake after sb parecerse a alguien

take an instant dislike/liking to sb caer mal/bien al instante a alguien

take to sb empezar a parecerse a alguien

turn down a proposal of marriage rechazar una propuesta de matrimonio

turn one’s back on sb dar la espalda a alguien

turn to sb for help/advice pedir ayuda/consejo a alguien

a relationship can turn sour una relación puede deteriorarse

UNIT 6 Unidad 6

A Intelligence and ability A Inteligencia y capacidad

Adjectives and nouns Adjetivos y sustantivos

accomplished dancer/pianist/singer consumado bailarín/pianista/cantante

born artist/teacher/writer artista/profesor/escritor nato

competent driver/lawyer/skier conductor/abogado/esquiador competente

experienced journalist/manager/professional periodista/director/profesional experimentado

expert cook/gardener/skier cocinero/jardinero/esquiador experto

gifted musician/sportswoman/student músico/deportista/estudiante dotado

proficient horsewoman/pilot/typist amazona/piloto/mecanógrafa hábil

promising (young) athlete/player/student (joven) atleta/jugador/estudiante prometedor

skilful card player/diplomat/footballer jugador de cartas/diplomático/futbolista habilidoso

skilled craftsman/technician/worker artesano/técnico/obrero cualificado

strong swimmer buen nadador

talented actor/player/youngster actor/jugador/muchacho talentoso

art/computer/wine expert experto en arte/computadoras/vinos

be brilliant/good/weak/terrible/hopeless at a subject,a sport or a skill

ser brillante/bueno/flojo/terrible/imposible en un tema, deporte, habilidad

a brainy/brilliant/bright/gifted child ser un niño listo/brillante/inteligente/dotado

a whizzkid un niño muy dotado

a child prodigy un niño prodigio

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English SpanishExpressions Expresiones

be an ace at solving puzzles/(playing) tennis ser un as resolviendo puzles/(jugando) al tenis

be good with your hands ser bueno con las manos

be a dab hand at DIY/at painting/with a paintbrush

ser un manitas del bricolaje/con la pintura/con un pincel

have a (natural) flair for languages/design/improvisation

tener una facilidad (natural) para los idiomas/el diseño/la improvisación

have a (natural) gift for languages/music/writing tener un don (natural) para los idiomas/la música/la escritura

have an ear for accents/language/music tener oído para los acentos/idiomas/la música

have an eye for detail tener ojo para los detalles

have a head for figures tener cabeza para los números

have a nose for a good news story tener olfato para una buena noticia

have a good/poor memory tener buena/mala memoria

academically académicamente

exceptionally excepcionalmente

highly gifted altamente

intellectually intelectualmente

musically musicalmente

naturally naturalmente

highly altamente

incredibly intelligent increíblemente

remarkably notablemente

enormously enormemente

exceptionally excepcionalmente

highly talented altamente

hugely enormemente

outstandingly extraordinariamente

extremely extremadamente

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English Spanishhighly promising altamente

very muy

B Adjectives for reviews B Adjetivos para reseñas

action-packed lleno de acción

atmospheric atmosférico

clichéd típico

compelling convincente

credible creíble

disappointing decepcionante

entertaining entretenido

excruciating insoportable

exhilarating estimulante

fast-moving rápido

gripping apasionante

implausible improbable

impressive impresionante

innovative innovador

memorable memorable

moving móvil

overhyped sobrevalorado

powerful potente

predictable predecible

sentimental sentimental

stunning asombroso

tedious tedioso

unconvincing poco convincente

C Comparisons C Comparaciones

a considerable/huge/marked/slight difference una diferencia considerable/enorme/marcada/ligera

a close/remarkable/striking similarity una similitud estrecha/llamativa/impactante

be common to all/both ser común a todos/ambos

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English Spanishbe (not) dissimilar from/to (no) ser distinto de/a

be very much alike ser muy parecido

be unlike another thing ser diferente de otra cosa

bear a close/a striking/a strong/a slight/little/no resemblance to

tener un gran/llamativo/fuerte/ligero/pequeño/ningún parecido con

differ from diferir de

one thing compares (un)favourably/well/badly with another

una cosa se compara (des)favorablemente/bien/mal con otra

develop along different lines/in a different way from

desarrollar a lo largo de otras líneas/de una forma diferente de

have a great deal/little/nothing in common with tener mucho/poco/nada en común con

resemble each other parecerse uno al otro

there is little to choose between them in terms of hay poca diferencia entre ellos en términos de

there is a world of difference between hay todo un mundo de diferencia entre

there are obvious/striking similarities between hay similitudes obvias/llamativas entre

what sets him/her/it apart from others is lo que lo/la hace distinto(a) de los demás es

D Sleep D Dormir

Adverbs Adverbios

badly

fitfully

heavily

sleep lightly dormir

peacefully

rough

soundly

well

Verbs and expressions Verbos y expresiones

be a heavy/light sleeper tener el sueño pesado/ligero

be fast asleep estar profundamente dormido

be/feel wide awake estar/sentirse totalmente despierto

doze off/drop off/nod off dormitar/cabecear/quedarse dormido

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English Spanishfall asleep quedarse dormido

fall into a deep sleep caer en un sueño profundo

get a good night’s sleep conseguir una buena noche de sueño

get to sleep dormirse

have/take a nap hacer/echar una siesta

have a sleepless night pasar una noche en blanco

have an animal put to sleep sacrificar a un animal con una inyección letal

keep sb awake mantener despierto a alguien

lie/stay awake mantenerse despierto

lose sleep over sth perder el sueño por algo

my arm/leg went to sleep dormirse el brazo/la pierna

send sb to sleep enviar a alguien a la cama

sleep like a log dormir como un tronco

sleep on it consultarlo con la almohada

sleep through the night dormir toda la noche

sleep through a storm dormir profundamente

snooze dormitar

stay up quedarse en vela

suffer from insomnia sufrir de insomnio

toss and turn dar vueltas en la cama

wake up to the fact that darse cuenta de que

UNIT 7 UNIDAD 7

A Health A Salud

Adjectives and nouns Adjetivos y sustantivos

aching joints/limbs/muscles articulaciones/miembros/músculos doloridos

blocked nose congestión nasal/nariz tapada

bruised ribs/thigh costillas/muslo magullado

chipped bone/tooth hueso/diente astillado

dislocated hip/jaw/shoulder cadera/mandíbula/hombro dislocado(a)

sprained ankle/wrist torcerse el tobillo/la muñeca

swollen glands/feet/lips glándulas/pies/labios inflamados

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English Spanishtorn muscles/ligaments músculos/ligamentos desgarrados

upset stomach dolor de estómago

blinding headache dolor de cabeza cegador

high/low blood pressure presión sanguínea alta/baja

high/low/mild fever fiebre alta/baja/leve

(highly) infectious disease enfermedad (altamente) infecciosa

medical complaint problema médico

serious illness enfermedad grave

Phrasal verbs Verbos con preposición

break/come out in a rash irrumpir/salir un sarpullido

a disease breaks out estallar una enfermedad

sth brings on a heart attack algo ha provocado un ataque cardíaco

bring sb round reanimar a alguien

an illness clears up solucionar una enfermedad

carry out tests realizar pruebas

come down with an illness ponerse enfermo

come round hacer una visita

come through a serious illness sufrir una enfermedad grave

come up with a cure/treatment proponer una cura/tratamiento

pain eases off calmar el dolor

get over an illness recuperarse de una enfermedad

pass on an illness transmitir una enfermedad

pass out distribuir

pick up an illness coger una enfermedad

put one’s back/shoulder out hacer un gran esfuerzo

put sth down to sth considerar que algo ha sido causado por algo más

the effects of a drug wear off los efectos de una medicina desaparecen

wear sb out agotar a alguien

Other verbs Otros verbos

diagnose sb as having/with (an illness) diagnosticar a alguien que tiene (una enfermedad)

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English Spanishfall (seriously) ill with sth ponerse (seriamente) enfermo con algo

have/undergo an operation (on sth) llevar a cabo una operación (en alguien)

prescribe a drug/medicine prescribir un medicamento/una medicina

relieve pain aliviar el dolor

B Effect B Efecto

adverse

beneficial

catastrophic

damaging

dramatic

have a/an far-reaching tener un/una

harmful

immediate

good

important

lasting

limited

long-/short-term

minimal

noticeable

significant

side effect efecto secundario

UNIT 8 UNIDAD 8

An Amount A Cantidades

a full refund un reembolso total

a good few (hours) unas cuantas pocas (horas)

a great deal of sth una gran cantidad de

a large number of things un gran número de cosas

a small/no extra charge un cargo pequeño/sin cargo adicional

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English Spanishan awful lot of sth/things un tremendo montón de cosas

no limit to sth sin límite para algo

precious little (time) un tiempo precioso

the low/high cost of sth/things el bajo/alto coste de las cosas

B Verbs with up, down, over and under B Verbos con "up", "down", "over" y "under"

downgrade degradar

download descargar

downplay minimizar

downsize reducir

overhear oír por casualidad

overrule anular

overthrow derrocar

undercut recortar

undergo sufrir

undertake emprender

update actualizar

upgrade mejorar

uphold mantener

uproot arrancar

upstage desairar

C Adjectives with in, off, on, out and over C Adjetivos con "in", "off", "on", "out" y "over"

inborn innato

incoming entrante

inland tierra adentro

off-duty fuera de servicio

offhand de improviso

oncoming venidero

ongoing en curso

outdoor al aire libre/externo

outgoing saliente/partida

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English Spanishoutlying remoto

overcast encapotado

overnight por la noche

overseas de ultramar (extranjero)

D Plans D Planes

Adjectives Adjetivos

audacious audaz

bold atrevido

brilliant brillante

clever inteligente

controversial controvertido

cunning astuto

daring osado

detailed detallado

devious plan sinuoso

elaborate elaborado

emergency emergencia

impracticable impracticable

ingenious ingenioso

intricate intrincado

(un)feasible (no) factible

(un)viable (in)viable

(un)workable (in)explotable

Verbs Verbos

abandon abandonar

announce anunciar

carry out realizar

conceive concebir

devise idear

draw up trazar

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English Spanishjettison desechar

oppose a plan oponer

put forward proponer

reject rechazar

reveal revelar

scrap desguazar

shelve archivar

unveil desvelar

UNIT 9 UNIDAD 9

A Describing an adventure A Descripción de una aventura

Adjectives and nouns Adjetivos y sustantivos

arid desert/island/landscape desierto/isla/paisaje árido

exquisite flowers/views/waterfalls flores/vistas/cascadas exquisitas

gruelling climb/hike/race ascenso/caminata/carrera extenuante

idyllic conditions/setting/spot condiciones/lugares/parajes idílicos

intrepid group/traveller/voyage grupo/viajero/viaje intrépido

swirling mist/water/wind niebla/agua/viento arremolinado

Phrasal verbs Verbos con preposición

kick in patear

(shots/cries) ring out resonar (disparos/gritos)

run into (sb/a storm/trouble) tropezar (con alguien/una tormenta/un problema)

set off (on a journey) partir (de viaje)

set out to do sth proponerse hacer algo

turn out to be resultar ser

win through lograr el éxito

B Anger B Ira

Adjectives and nouns Adjetivos y sustantivos

heated argument/debate/discussion disputa/debate/discusión caliente

irate customer/letter/parent cliente/carta/pariente airado

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English Spanishsudden outburst of temper repentino estallido temperamental

Expressions Expresiones

become irate volverse furioso

be cross/furious with sb estar enfadado/furioso con alguien

be seething with anger/indignation/rage arder de cólera/indignación/rabia

blow a fuse explotar de rabia

blow one’s top llegar al límite

calm down tranquilizar

fly into a rage enfurecerse

get worked up about sth preocuparse por algo

go berserk/mad volverse loco

let off steam desahogarse

lose one’s temper perder los estribos

maintain one’s composure mantener la compostura

make one’s blood boil hacer hervir la sangre

scream blue murder poner el grito en el cielo

shake one’s fist amenazar con el puño

stamp one’s feet patalear

throw a (temper) tantrum tener un berrinche

C Criticism C Crítica

arouse incitar

attract atraer

be impervious to ser impermeable a

be unmoved by permanecer impasible ante

be upset by criticism estar molesto por

come in for/under/up against ser objeto de/estar bajo/chocar con

draw trazar

express expresar

give rise to criticism dar lugar a

ignore ignorar

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English Spanishmeet with reunirse con

overcome superar

respond to responder a

voice vocear

considerable considerable

constructive constructiva

fierce feroz

growing creciente

mounting criticism en aumento

severe intensa

strong fuerte

unjust injusta

valid válida

widespread generalizada

UNIT 10 UNIDAD 10

A Describing rooms and houses A Descripción de salas y casas

Adjectives Adjetivos

bright and cheerful brillante y alegre

cramped and cluttered estrecho y repleto

dark and dingy oscuro y sucio

light and airy luminoso y aireado

neat and tidy limpio y ordenado

spic(k) and span inmaculado

warm and cosy cálido y acogedor

colourful colorido

dull aburrido

elegant elegante

gaudy llamativo

roomy amplio

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English Spanishspacious espacioso

tasteful con buen gusto

tasteless sin gusto

twee cursi

Adverbs Adverbios

badly/newly/poorly/solidly built incorrectamente/recientemente/pobremente/sólidamente

lavishly/newly/richly/tastefully decorated lujosamente/recientemente/ricamente/con gusto

comfortably/elegantly/simply/sparsely furnished confortablemente/elegantemente/simplemente/escasamente

brightly/dimly/poorly/softly lit brillantemente/débilmente/pobremente/suavemente

centrally/conveniently/ideally/pleasantly situated/located centralmente/cómodamente/idealmente/agradablemente

B Noise and sound B Ruido y sonido

Voice, sound and noise Voz, sonido y ruido

booming pujante

deep profunda

hesitant dubitativa

high-pitched aguda

hoarse ronca

hushed voice silenciosa

loud fuerte

low bajo

monotonous monótona

rough áspera

shrill estridente

squeaky chillón

lose your voice perder

lower bajar

raise subir

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English Spanishshout at the top of gritar muy fuerte

buzzing zumbante

crashing rompiente

creaking crujiente

distant distante

distinctive distintivo

faint sound débil

muffled sordo

rumbling retumbante

rustling susurrante

unmistakable inconfundible

detect detectar

emit emitir

make a sound fabricar

produce producir

utter proferir

background de fondo

banging de golpeo

constant constante

continuous continuo

excessive noise excesivo

incessant incesante

loud fuerte

traffic de tráfico

dies down

fades away

noise grows ruido

increases

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English Spanishreverberates

Other noises Otros ruidos

deafening applause/cheer/explosion ensordecedor

music/roar/silence

piercing cry/scream/shriek/whistle punzante

rowdy behaviour/crowd/fans/party ruidoso

bells chime/ring/tinkle de campanas

doors slam shut/click shut/creak open puertas

dogs bark/growl/whimper/whine perros

music/a radio/a television blares out música/una radio/una televisión

UNIT 11 UNIDAD 11

Sight Visión

give sb a/an angry/blank/cold/knowing look echar a alguien una mirada enojada/ausente/fría/sagaz

take a/an close/critical/fascinating/in-depth look echar una mirada detallada/crítica/fascinada/en profundidad

a/an familiar/impressive/rare/welcome sight una mirada familiar/impresionante/extraña/de bienvenida

a breathtaking/spectacular/superb view una vista sobrecogedora/espectacular/soberbia

have blurred/double/poor/twenty-twenty vision tener visión borrosa/doble/pobre/perfecta

a/an clear/idealistic/realistic/terrifying vision una visión clara/idealista/realista/terrorífica

high/good/reduced/low/poor visibility visibilidad alta/buena/reducida/baja/pobre

be hidden from view quedar oculto a la vista

be (in)visible to/with the naked eye ser (in)visible a simple vista

catch a glimpse of sb/sth echar un vistazo a alguien/algo

catch one’s eye atraer la vista

catch sight of sb/sth llamar la atención de alguien/algo

come into view salir a la luz

have/take a look at sth consultar algo

keep one’s eye on sb/sth mantener la mirada en algo/alguien

keep one’s eyes open tener los ojos abiertos

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English Spanishkeep out of sight mantener fuera de la vista

lose sight of sb/sth perder de vista a alguien/algo

at first sight/glance a primera vista

in full view of sb a plena vista de alguien

in the public eye cara al público

in sight/view a la vista

on view/show/display a la vista/en muestra/exhibición

Read and write Leer y escribir

a/an good/excellent/exciting read una lectura buena/excelente/excitante

a/an avid/fast/slow/voracious reader un lector ávido/rápido/lento/voraz

a freelance/prolific/struggling/talented writer un escritor independiente/prolífico/esforzado/talentoso

distinctive/familiar/legible/neat handwriting una letra distintiva/familiar/legible/pulida

read aloud/avidly/voraciously/widely leer en voz alta/ávidamente/vorazmente/extensamente

write clearly/legibly/neatly/ escribir claramente/legiblemente/pulidamente

in rough/in plain language en lenguaje rudo/sencillo

put sth (down) in writing poner algo por escrito

read sth out dar lectura a algo

read too much into sth dar demasiada importancia a algo

read up on sth leer sobre algo

write a debt off liquidar una deuda

write off to sb for sth condonar algo a alguien

write notes up redactar notas

write out a cheque for (an amount) extender un cheque por (una cantidad)

write sth into a contract or law poner algo en un contrato o una ley

UNIT 12 UNIDAD 12

A Expressions and phrases with work A Expresiones y frases con trabajo

administrative administrativo

casual precario

charity caritativo

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English Spanishconservation conservación

construction work construcción

consultancy consultoría

freelance independiente

social social

voluntary voluntario

environment

experience

work incentive trabajo

permit

schedule

do all the donkey work hacer todo el trabajo pesado

do sb’s dirty work hacer el trabajo sucio de alguien

do some groundwork hacer algún trabajo preliminar

have a good working knowledge of sth tener un buen conocimiento práctico de algo

have a vigorous workout tener un entrenamiento intenso

keep sth in good working order mantener algo en buen estado de trabajo

work around the clock trabajar sin descanso

work like a dog trabajar como un perro

work on one’s (presentation, telephone, etc) skills trabajar en las propias habilidades (presentación, teléfono, etc)

B Attitude adverbials B Adverbios de actitud

amazingly asombrosamente

apparently aparentemente

astonishingly sorprendentemente

(un)believably (in)creíblemente

clearly claramente

conveniently cómodamente

curiously curiosamente

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English Spanishdisappointingly decepcionantemente

disturbingly inquietantemente

evidently evidentemente

(un)fortunately (des)afortunadamente

funnily cómicamente

happily felizmente

indisputably indiscutiblemente

inevitably inevitablemente

interestingly interesadamente

ironically irónicamente

laughably risiblemente

luckily afortunadamente

miraculously milagrosamente

naturally naturalmente

obviously obviamente

personally personalmente

predictably predeciblemente

presumably presumiblemente

reassuringly tranquilizadoramente

regrettably lamentablemente

ridiculously ridículamente

rightly correctamente

sadly tristemente

sensibly sensiblemente

strangely extrañamente

(not) surprisingly (no) sorprendentemente

understandably comprensiblemente

undoubtedly indudablemente

unexpectedly inesperadamente

unmistakably inequívocamente

(un)wisely (im)prudentemente

worryingly preocupadamente

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English Spanish

UNIT 13 UNIDAD 13

A Eating and drinking A Comer y beber

Verbs Verbos

eat/drink up comer/beber

finish off terminar

gulp (down) engullir

munch mascar

nibble picar

pick at escoger

polish off zamparse

sip sorber

swallow tragar

swig engullir

wolf down devorar

Adjectives and nouns Adjetivos y sustantivos

favourite/side dish plato favorito/guarnición

celebratory/soft drink bebida de celebración/refresco

big/fussy eater comilón/melindroso

ready/square meal comida preparada/decente

raging thirst sed ardiente

Further expressions Otras expresiones

be famished/peckish/full up estar famélico/hambriento/lleno

I could eat a horse me comería un caballo

do sth on a full/an empty stomach hacer algo con el estómago lleno/vacío

eat into one’s time/money comer en su tiempo/por su dinero

eat like a bird comer como un pajarito

eat one’s words comerse las palabras

eat sb out of house and home comerse todo lo que hay

feel faint with hunger sentirse desfallecido de hambre

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English Spanishhardly touch one’s food tocar apenas la comida

have a sweet tooth ser goloso

have sb eating out of your hand tener a alguien comiendo de la mano

lose one’s appetite perder el apetito

quench one’s thirst saciar la sed

satisfy one’s hunger satisfacer el hambre

work up an appetite despertar el apetito

B Deception B Decepción

Collocations Disposiciones

appearances can be deceptive las apariencias pueden ser decepcionantes

fraudulent claims/practices/trading reclamaciones/prácticas/tratos fraudulentos

misleading impression/information/statement impresión/información/declaración engañosa

deceptively easy/simple/straightforward decepcionantemente fácil/simple/sencillo

fraudulently obtain/use obtener/usar fraudulentamente

misleadingly referred to as/termed/called engañosamente citado/nombrado llamado como

credit card/electoral/tax fraud fraude en tarjeta de crédito/electoral/fiscal

Verbs Verbos

be fooled/deceived/tricked by sb ser embaucado/engañado/timado por

cheat at sth hacer trampa en algo

deceive sb into doing sth engañar a alguien haciendo algo

fall for (a trick) caer en (una trampa)

see through sb’s lies/promises ver más allá de las mentiras/promesas de alguien

swindle sb out of sth estafar a alguien sobre algo

take sb for a ride tomar el pelo a alguien

take sb in aceptar a alguien

tell a lie contar una mentira

trick sb into doing sth embaucar a alguien haciendo algo

trick sb out of sth timar a alguien sobre algo

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English SpanishC Intensifiers C Aumentativos

acutely aware/conscious/embarrassed/sensitive plenamente

bitterly cold/disappointing/opposed/resentful amargamente

deeply committed/concerned/moving/suspicious profundamente

desperately disappointed/keen/lonely/worried desesperadamente

entirely different/free of charge/new/wrong completamente

fully aware/booked/clothed/equipped/justified plenamente

highly gifted/influential/promising/talented altamente

hugely expensive/popular/successful/talented enormemente

perfectly acceptable/capable/clear/good/normal/safe perfectamente

seriously affected/ill/injured seriamente

totally different/(in)dependent/unexpected/unnecessary totalmente

utterly disgraceful/exhausted/opposed/ridiculous absolutamente

wholly inadequate/inappropriate/unacceptable/unexpected enteramente

UNIT 14 Unidad 14

Money Dinero

counterfeit moneda falsa

housekeeping dinero para el sustento del hogar

pocket bolsillo

prize money precio

ransom rescate

redundancy redundancia

sponsorship patrocinio

in advance

in arrears

pay for something in cash pagar por algo

in full

in instalments

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English Spanishon expenses

at auction

in the sales

buy sth on credit comprar algo

on hire purchase

on impulse

borrow heavily pedir prestado/tomar en préstamo

pay generously/handsomely pagar

save carefully/hard ahorrar

spend extravagantly/freely/wisely gastar

invest foolishly/heavily/wisely invertir

borrow an idea/a phrase/a word pedir prestado/tomar en préstamo

pay attention/a compliment/one’s respects/tribute pagar

save effort/energy/time ahorrar

lend assistance/credibility/support/weight prestar

owe sb an apology/an explanation/a favour deber a alguien

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