Transcript
Page 2: Russia/ SOVIET UNION. Russia 900-1917 Soviet Union (USSR) 1917-1991 Russia 1991-present

Russia 900-1917 Soviet Union (USSR) 1917-1991

Russia 1991-present

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Communism

A system where the government controls all the factories, farmland, jobs, healthcare – basically everything

The symbol for it is the

Hammer (factory workers)

and the Sickle (farmers)

Their slogan is “workers of the

world unite together to overthrow capitalism”

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Gulags (prisons, labor/concentration camps)

in Siberia

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Romanov Tsars: Tsars are the

kings of Russia

Romanov is the royal family of Russia

Romanov Dynasty ruled Russia for 300 years

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1. Look at source 2 on p. 99 - How many different people groups lived in Russia?2. List 3 characteristics of the peasants and the country side (p.100)3. List 3 characteristics of the Aristocracy4. List 3 characteristics of people living in the city (p.101)5. Who were the Capitalists?6. The Czar ruled Russia as an autocracy - what does that mean? (p.102)7. List 3 facts about Karl Marx and marxist theory  (in the margin on p. 103)8. So, do you think people wanted to overthrow the Tsar?

9. What do you think the Tsar’s police were always looking for?

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The Last Russian TsarTsar Nicolas

Romonov IIHis daughter

Anastasia

Grigori Rasputin

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Peasants (poor

landless farmers) : made up 80% of the Russian population

City/factory workers: made up 18% of the population

Aristocracy: rich landowners who owned most of the land 1%

Government workers including secret police 1%

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Karl Marx writer of the bookCommunist Manifesto

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Karl Marx German political writer 1818-1883 Disgusted by the living and working

conditions of the poor factory workers Writer of a book entitled the

“Communist Manifesto” Ideas included: throughout history there

have been class struggles between the rich (bourgeoisie) and the workers (proletariat)

said that the rich would always use capitalism to influence lawmakers to write laws to stay in power

Said that the PROLETARIAT (workers) of the world need to unite together and have a revolution to overthrow capitalism

COMMUNISM will one DAY overthrow Capitalism!!!

The communist leaders would then set up a “communist” system where all private ownership would be abolished

All factories and farmland would be owned by the state (government) or in common

In this system everyone would have a job, adequate housing, healthcare, access to education, in essence be equal

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Assignment: on the back of the

question sheet copy these vocabulary words and answer the 3 questions

Autocracy (Autocrat): Rule by one person

Okhrana: The Tsar’s secret police

Proletariat(workers): factory workers and poor

farmers Bourgeoisie: the wealthier

people making good money

Bolsheviks: communists revolutionaries that were with Vladimir Lenin

Soviets: groups of communist workers that organized protests in major cities around Russia

1. Why might Russians not like the Tsar and his form of government?

2. What kinds of people do you think the Okhrana were looking for?

2. Why might Russian peasants and factory workers like the Bolsheviks?

3. What Russians wouldn’t like the Bolsheviks?

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Closure: Complete these sentences

1. An Autocracy ________________2. The proletariat were the _________3. The bourgeoisie were the ________4. Karl Marx ________5. Vladimir Lenin __________6. The Bolsheviks ________7. Soviets________8. Tsar Nicolas Romanov II __________

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Vladimir LENIN: leader of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution brought Communism to Russia - The country then

became the Soviet Union

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1. what was Bloody Sunday? (p. 104)

2. How did the Tsar survive?

3. look at the graphic on page 110 and explain 4 reasons that the Tsar did not survive the 1917 Revolution

4. Read 'An analysis of the Bolshevik Revolution' on p. 115 and explain why the Bolsheviks took control of Russia

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What happened to Lenin’s older brother?

What book influenced his life? Why do you think he got sent to

prison in Siberia?Who were the Bolsheviks?What happened to the Czar (Tsar

Nicolas II) ?What did Lenin and the Bolsheviks do

in November of 1917?What did they name this new

country?Russia was then in a civil war – who

do you think were the 2 sides?

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COMMUNISM workers of the world unite to

overthrow capitalism Communism: A system of government that

controls all the farmland, all the stores, restaurants, the hospitals, schools, housing, etc.

No one is homeless, no one is unemployed, no one is without healthcare but no one can own a business so no one is rich

Dictionary definition: a system of social organization (or government) in which all economic and social activity is controlled by a totalitarian state dominated by a single political party

WHY CAPITALISTS HATE COMMUNISM They are going to take away people’s private

property (wealth) Businesses restaurants, land, houses, etc.– take away your opportunity to become rich

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Give a man a fish and he eats for a day

Teach a man to fish and he’ll eat for a lifetime

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Capitalism

Is an economic system where the private individuals control the land, business and industry

Thereby making profit

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Proletariat(workers):

factory workers and poor farmers

Bourgeoisie: the capitalists – people making money

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1.Under the Romanov tsars did Russia have a democracy or dictatorship?

2. Why do dictators have so many secret police and spies?

3. What is Siberia known for? 4. What is the % breakdown of the Russian

population people groups for this time period?

5. what are Revolutionaries? 6. what happens in a Revolution? 7. What do you think is going to happen to

Tsar Nicolas the II? 8. Who killed the Romanov royal family?

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Finish these sentences

Things that Russia is known for are…A Tsar is …A gulag in Siberia….The Bolsheviks…Karl Marx…Communism…The proletariat…Vladimir Lenin…Capitalism …Communism….

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Capitalism Communism (socialism)

Individuals (private citizens) own the companies i.e. people own Apple, Facebook, Nike, Coca Cola, Southwest Airlines, McDonalds, apartment complexes, thousands of acres of farmland, basically everything

Private individuals own the housing so people have to pay rent or buy

Private citizens own the hospitals or insurance companies so you have to pay for healthcare

Many schools are private - Harvard, Stanford, Brophy so students have to pay thousands in tuition

Banks loan money so you can borrow “capital” to start your own business and make millions

Critics say the rich influence lawmakers to stay rich

Capitalism There are Winners (rich) Losers (poor)

Probably not fair – but still almost anyone can work hard and do well

Think of all the choices in the cereal aisle in an American grocery store –

in a communist country (Cuba) there might be only white boxes that read “Corn Flakes”

The Government controls all the land, mining, transportation, factories, restaurants, hotels, - everything

workers work for the government Government owns all housing so no one

is homeless Government owns all the hospitals – free

healthcare Government controls all schools – free

tuition No banks, no advertising, no

commercials because no one is trying to become rich

you can’t own your own company and then create a chain of stores to become rich

No one is motivated to become rich so they don’t make thousands of stores – so there aren’t lots of things to buy

Communism- Everyone is Equal. Equally Poor

Criticism: In communism the government controls everything including the media so it can lie, propagandize and control what people see and hear through the media

Also, with no competition it doesn’t have to make a good product because there is no other choice – so communist countries are not known for making good products

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1. What kinds of people might like the Communism?

2. Who would hate communism? 3. What is bad about capitalism? 4. What is good about communism?5. True or false – rich landlord farmers controlled

thousands of acres of land and millions of peasants did not own their own land

6. Why might landless peasant farmers like the idea of communism?

7. What could be bad about communism?

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How do farmers get paid in a capitalistic country?

How would farmers in a communistic country get paid?

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Stores

Capitalist country Communist country

(Cuba)

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Think of different companies that compete against each other

My example:

What makes each of them try to make a good product

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1.What are some problems with communism in general (what sucks about it)?

2. Think of countries that had communism (USSR, China, Cuba, and North Korea) what are some specific things that sucked about living in those countries under communism?

3. What happened to writers or vocal people who openly criticized communism or the communist government?

4. What would happen if a small group of 100 people protested for change in these countries?

5. What might happen if 100,000 people did a demonstration for change in these countries?

6. Why did communist governments have a censored controlled media (newspapers, radio, and TV)?

7. What do you think happened in communist countries where they relaxed censorship and allowed people to watch the news, TV and movies from non-communist countries?

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Closing Activity: complete these sentences

A gulag in Siberia….The Bolsheviks…Karl Marx…Communism…Vladimir Lenin…Capitalism …A criticism of Capitalism is ….In a comunist country the media…A criticism of Communism is ….Communism pretty much died because….

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Vladimir LENIN: leader of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution brought Communism to Russia - The country then

became the Soviet Union

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Bolshevik slogan“Peace, land and bread”

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What happened to Lenin’s brother? What book did Lenin read that influenced

him? Why do you think that he was sent to

Siberia? What year was Tsar Nicolas forced to give

up his throne? Who do you think was fighting in the

Russian civil war? What was Lenin trying to do during his last

years? How long did Lenin rule? Why do you think communists from around

the world respect Lenin?

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LENIN STALIN bald 1st dictator of the Soviet

Union Ruled for 5 years (1918-

1924) Smart and respected

by communists Led the overthrow and

execution of the Czar Ruled and won the

Russian Civil War 1918-1920

Secret police killed thousands and sent thousands to Siberia

Highly respected by communists around the world – thousands of statues – body embalmed and displayed in Moscow

hair 2nd dictator ruled 25 years (1928-

1953) Tricky, manipulative

and feared by all in his country

Industrialized and modernized Russia

Forced starvation on own people

Secret police killed millions sent millions to Siberia

Defeated Hitler in W.W.II

Some consider him great because he made Russia a world power

Others consider him be the most evil man in history

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Finish these sentences

Some people think Stalin was good for Russia because….

Posters were everywhere in Russia because…

Collectivization is..Many farmers were killed under

Stalin because…Many people starved to death under

Stalin because…

Stalin’s purges were…

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Collectivization Taking individual

family farms away from the owners and making them

Government Farms

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Modernize - Industrialize

Modernize: To make and use modern technology

Industrialize: to build factories and begin using machines and new technology

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Stalin and The USSR defeated Hitler and Nazi Germany in

WWII

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From backward peasants to World Power

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Totalitarian governments: governments that control all aspects of society

1 one Political Party or Idea 2. one leader whose picture and statue is

everywhere3. Mass Propaganda: biased or one-sided information constantly spit out by the government

4. Government Controlled Media – newspapers, radio, tv, school books, art

5. Indoctrination (brainwashing) of their doctrines at school and work and on the news

6. Posters promoting the governments’ agenda are everywhere

7. Govt. drives the economy – decides what to make – usually weapons

8. All movies, books, music and art must glorify the governments’ agenda

9. Secret police and spies are everywhere looking for “enemies of the country”

10. prisons, labor camps, reprogramming or “concentration” camps where people are sent to “re-program” their thinking

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Gulags (prisons, labor/concentration camps)

in Siberia

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Closing Activity: complete these sentences

5 year plans ….Some Russians say Stalin was great

because…..Collectivization is…..Farmers in the Ukraine starved

because…..The “Purges”….The “Show Trials” were……Stalin killed more Russian officers …..

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STALIN: made Lenin like a god and created the myth that he

and Lenin were tight

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Finish these sentences

The Bolsheviks...Vladimir Lenin… A totalitarian country is….One characteristics of a totalitarian

country is….Propaganda…A Controlled Media…Secret police…Joseph Stalin…

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Atheist: NO God materialist- everything is “matter” there’s no soul –no heaven-no God

AGNOSTIC: Just don’t know Karl Marx had written that “religion is the opiate of

the masses” In other words; religion

was a drug to make people forget their worldly problems.

People need to be stirred up, mad want Revolution

Most communists were atheists

Believers were heavily persecuted

Closed and destroyed churches

Thousands of priests sent to concentration camps or shot

Brainwashed kids Against the law to teach

kids about God Anti- religious posters “Red” weddings/funerals

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Examples of Soviet Art (Socialist Realism)

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KGB: Russian spies and secret policeCIA: spies from the USA

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Romanov Tsars:

Romanov is the royal family of Russia

Tsars are the kings of Russia

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Finish these sentences

ges were…

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Totalitarian governments: governments that control all aspects of both public

and private life Ultra-nationalistic or super committed to one ideology one leader whose posters are everywhere Goals are always to better the country; if you are against that

person then you are against the country Expects the people to sacrifice their desires for the good of the

country Mass Propaganda: constant biased or one-sided information. No

opposing views tolerated (Government Controlled Media) Indoctrination (brainwashing) of their doctrines at school and

work All film, literature, music and art must glorify the governments’

agenda Secret police are always looking for people against the

government ½ simply disappear the other ½ sent to concentration camps or

“reprogamming” labor camps (Gulags) Spies and snitches are everywhere Usually militaristic (training soldiers) and many goals are using

military means to gain land Religious or Ethnic persecution

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