Slide 1: Euglena acus
Slide 2: Diatoms
Slide 3: Paramecium caudatum
Slide 4: Stentor coeruleus
Slide 5: Ameoba proteus
Slide 6: Radiolarians
Slide 7: Foraminifera
Questions:
1. Why are ground-up diatoms sometimes used in powdered cleansers?
2. Which protist that you observed do you think is the most advanced?
3. Why is it more advanced? 4. In which protist that you observed could you
identify the most organelles? 5. How many organelles could you see and
identify?
CH 19 Eukaryote Kingdom #1: Protists
Eukaryote Kingdom #1: Protista “The Junk Drawer Kingdom”
Single-celled (mostly) Eukaryotic (have organelles) 3 types of protists:
1. Animal-like: Protozoans 2. Plant-like: Algae 3. Fungus-like: Slime Molds
Plant-like Protists: Algae
Live in water Autotrophs Make almost one-half of the worlds
carbohydrates and oxygen
Slime molds
Heterotrophic organisms that decompose organics to obtain energy.
•Move like amoeba during much of life cycle•Reproduce with spores (like fungi)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
How do they move?
Amoebas - pseudopod (false
foot) Flagellates - ? Ciliates - ?
How do they reproduce?
1. Asexually: dividing into 2 identical cells
2. Sexually: “Conjugation”- offspring get characteristics from both parents
Sensing and Responding
Eyespot- senses changes in light, can move to food, away from harmful chemicals
Eukaryote Kingdom #1: Protista “The Junk Drawer Kingdom”
REMEMBER! 3 types of protists:
1. Animal-like: Protozoans 2. Plant-like: Algae 3. Fungus-like: Slime Molds
Now for some representative protists. . .
Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans
Protozoan Ex 1: Amoebas
Heterotrophs Use PSEUDOPODS,
aka “false feet,” to move & trap food
Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans
Protozoan Ex 2: Giardia
Intestinal parasite from contaminated
water Symptoms: tired,
weight-loss, diarrhea
Use FLAGELLA to move
Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans
Protozoan Ex 3: Trypanosomes
Causes African Sleeping Sickness: Fatal! Fever, chills,
skin rash, affects nervous system
In blood, spread by Tsetse flies in Africa
Use FLAGELLA to move
Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans
Protozoan Ex 4: Paramecium
Use CILIA to move and to bring food into their mouth pore
Food is packaged into vacuoles and chemically broken down
Waste leaves through anal pore
Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans
Protozoan Ex 5: Sporozoans
Produce spores to reproduce Parasites live in blood Plasmodium causes malaria,
Deadly - kills 3 million every year Mosquitoes transfer infected blood
Protists: Protozoans- plasmodium
Plant-like Protists: Algae
Algae Ex 1: Euglena
Have chloroplasts- make food from light
Flagellum to move Eyespot to locate
food Heterotroph and
Autotroph!
Plant-like Protists: Algae
Algae Ex 2: Diatoms
Hard shell made of silica (glass)
Die, shells build up on the ocean bottom
collected and used for soaps and scouring powders
Plant-like Protists: Algae
Algae Ex 2: Diatoms
Plant-Like Protists: Algae
Ex 3: Dinoflagellates
Dinoflagellate Structure
2 unequal flagella
Cell wall with plates of cellulose
Dinoflagellates- Red Tide
Dinoflagellates cause Red Tide
Massive blooms Produce toxins Kills fish Stored in mussels and clam tissue Causes Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning
(PSP)
PSP (Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning) Toxin
Neurotoxin 1000X power of cyanide No antidote, need immediate
medical attention, life support equipment
Low dose? w/ treatment, symptoms gone in 9 hours
PSP Symptoms
Numbness, tingling around mouth Vomiting, diarrhea Double vision Respiratory paralysis, death
Dinoflagellates Bioluminescence
Protists: Algae
Ex 4: Seaweed Have chloroplasts Many cells
together, up to 60 cm long and some 100 m tall (giant kelp)
Red, green, brown In many foods
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Protists: Osmosis- water balance
Water moves through cell membrane from high concentration of water to low concentration of water
In fresh water, a protist cell may burst, so protists collect water and push it back out
Protists: Osmosis in Cells
Osmosis- water balance
Contractile Vacuole in Paramecium
Full
Empty