Adaptations of William Adaptations of William Shakespeare’s Shakespeare’s

The Taming of the ShrewThe Taming of the Shrew

by Jessica Santosby Jessica SantosKate RoperKate RoperJanice FlackJanice Flack

and Kyla Espinosaand Kyla Espinosa

Background InformationBackground Information::

• In his life, Shakespeare produced 37 plays and 154 In his life, Shakespeare produced 37 plays and 154 sonnets. His plays were generally categorized into sonnets. His plays were generally categorized into tragedies, histories, or comedies.tragedies, histories, or comedies.

• Shakespeare wrote on average 1.5 plays a year. He built a Shakespeare wrote on average 1.5 plays a year. He built a family, ran a business, wrote plays and poems and was family, ran a business, wrote plays and poems and was even an actor. He acted in many of his plays as well as even an actor. He acted in many of his plays as well as other playwrights. other playwrights.

• The Oxford English Dictionary credits Shakespeare to the The Oxford English Dictionary credits Shakespeare to the creation of more than 500 words, including “fair play, catch creation of more than 500 words, including “fair play, catch cold, and assassination.” cold, and assassination.”

• Shakespeare has been translated into, Albanian,Shakespeare has been translated into, Albanian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, Gaelic, Bulgarian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, Gaelic, German, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Portuguese, Russian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Portuguese, Russian, Swedish, Welsch, etc.Swedish, Welsch, etc.

• In 1623, two of his In 1623, two of his former theatrical former theatrical colleagues published the colleagues published the First FolioFirst Folio, a collected , a collected edition of his dramatic edition of his dramatic works that included all but works that included all but two of his plays, which are two of his plays, which are now recognized as now recognized as Shakespeare’s.Shakespeare’s.

• The Taming of the ShrewThe Taming of the Shrew is believed to have been is believed to have been one of Shakespeare’s one of Shakespeare’s earlier plays along with earlier plays along with Two Gentlemen of VeronaTwo Gentlemen of Verona, , and and A Comedy of ErrorsA Comedy of Errors..

A Few AdaptationsA Few Adaptations::Fletcher, John. Fletcher, John. The Woman’s PrizeThe Woman’s Prize. 1611. . 1611. Lacy, John. Lacy, John. Sauny the ScottSauny the Scott. 1698. . 1698. Worsdale, James. Worsdale, James. A Cure for a ScoldA Cure for a Scold. 1735. . 1735. Garrick, David. Garrick, David. Catharine and PetruchioCatharine and Petruchio. 1756. . 1756. Sidney, George. Sidney, George. Kiss Me KateKiss Me Kate. 1953. . 1953. Marowitz, Charles. Marowitz, Charles. The ShrewThe Shrew. 1973. . 1973. Graves, Warren. Graves, Warren. Chief Shaking Spear Rides Chief Shaking Spear Rides Again or The Taming of the SiouxAgain or The Taming of the Sioux. 1975. . 1975.

• One adaptation of One adaptation of The Taming of the ShrewThe Taming of the Shrew is “La is “La Megere Appriovoisee” by Marco Micone, play was Megere Appriovoisee” by Marco Micone, play was produced in March 14 to April 8produced in March 14 to April 8thth, 1995. Written and , 1995. Written and performed in Quebec performed in Quebec

• The character Caterina is a feminist and vocalizes on The character Caterina is a feminist and vocalizes on gender equality in the play.gender equality in the play.

As an example of Shakespeare's enduring popularity, sixty one film adaptations and twenty one TV adaptations alone have been made of Hamlet, the earliest being in 1907 and the latest in 2000.

The television series Moonlighting also produced one episode ("Atomic Shakespeare") that recast the show's main characters in a comedic parody of The Taming of the Shrew.

The BBC One ShakespeaRe-Told series sets the story in modern-day Britain, with Katherine as an abrasive career politician who is told she must find a husband as a public relations exercise. This modern version still has Kate stating it is a woman's duty to love and obey her husband, but with the requirement that he do precisely the same for her.

• The 2000 The 2000 Brazilian soap opera O Cravo e a Rosa was also based on was also based on the playthe play

• Catarina Batista is a modern woman from the city of Sao Paulo.Catarina Batista is a modern woman from the city of Sao Paulo. • She is a feminist and believes that women play a role in the work She is a feminist and believes that women play a role in the work place and not in the home. She has been nicknamed “The wild animal” place and not in the home. She has been nicknamed “The wild animal” by her previous suitorsby her previous suitors

• Julião Petruchio is a man who belives that the role of the woman is Julião Petruchio is a man who belives that the role of the woman is the “Queen of the Home”the “Queen of the Home”

• Petruchio wants her hand in marriage for her dowry so he can save Petruchio wants her hand in marriage for her dowry so he can save his farm from being auctioned away. his farm from being auctioned away.

• They eventually fall in love but still get into many argumentsThey eventually fall in love but still get into many arguments

• It follows the same idea as The Taming of the Shrew- Bianca is the It follows the same idea as The Taming of the Shrew- Bianca is the tame younger sister who wants to get married and has many suitors tame younger sister who wants to get married and has many suitors but Nicanor Baptista (the father) won’t let her get married until but Nicanor Baptista (the father) won’t let her get married until Catarina does. In the adaptation, he cannot have a daughter that is Catarina does. In the adaptation, he cannot have a daughter that is unwed because it would ruin his reputation as he is trying to run for unwed because it would ruin his reputation as he is trying to run for mayor, and his reputation is everything.mayor, and his reputation is everything.

O Cravo e a RosaO Cravo e a Rosa

Taming of the ShrewTaming of the Shrew1967 Version1967 Version

Film Information:Film Information:- Directed By: Franco Zeffirelli- Directed By: Franco Zeffirelli- Screenplay By: Franco Zeffirelli- Screenplay By: Franco Zeffirelli- Nominated for 2 Oscars in 1968: - Nominated for 2 Oscars in 1968:

Best Costume DesignBest Costume DesignBest Art/Set DirectionBest Art/Set Direction

MusicMusic::- Orchestra- Orchestra- Typically found in movies made - Typically found in movies made at this timeat this time- Fluctuates with the drama of - Fluctuates with the drama of the playthe play

SetsSets::- Very all encompassing (give feel for time)- Very all encompassing (give feel for time)

- Extravagant- Extravagant- Easier with a movie than a play- Easier with a movie than a play

- Provides good visuals for the play- Provides good visuals for the play

CostumesCostumes::- Time appropriate- Time appropriate

- Dresses very extravagant- Dresses very extravagant- Personal favorites: Kate’s dresses (wedding, tailored - Personal favorites: Kate’s dresses (wedding, tailored

dress, etc)dress, etc)Petruchio’s wedding clothesPetruchio’s wedding clothes

capture what is described in the playcapture what is described in the play

ScriptScript::- Almost verbatim to the play- Almost verbatim to the play

- Visual aid provides help - Visual aid provides help - Lots of gestures accompany words- Lots of gestures accompany words

Character InformationCharacter Information::

Kate: Elizabeth TaylorKate: Elizabeth Taylor A lot more wild then seen in ’10 Things A lot more wild then seen in ’10 Things I Hate about You’ and Bard on the Beach I Hate about You’ and Bard on the Beach

i.e.) When first meets Petruchioi.e.) When first meets Petruchio Almost unnaturally extreme change by Almost unnaturally extreme change by the end of the playthe end of the play

i.e..) Becomes polite and i.e..) Becomes polite and obedientobedient

Petruchio: Richard BurtonPetruchio: Richard Burton Lots of on screen chemistry (and off-Lots of on screen chemistry (and off-screen) with Kate screen) with Kate Enjoyment of Kate’s sufferingEnjoyment of Kate’s suffering Rougher than ’10 Things’ and BardRougher than ’10 Things’ and Bard

- Harder to like- Harder to like

Bianca: Natasha PyneBianca: Natasha Pyne More irritating than in Bard More irritating than in Bard or ’10 Things’or ’10 Things’ Much less interesting than Much less interesting than Kate and Petruchio Kate and Petruchio

Lucentio: Michael YorkLucentio: Michael York Much like he is in the playMuch like he is in the play

- - Starry-eyedStarry-eyed- Love struck- Love struck

Chemistry?Chemistry?

Movie #2::10 Things I Hate About You10 Things I Hate About You

• 1999 American romantic 1999 American romantic comedy directed by Gil Jungercomedy directed by Gil Junger• a very loose adaptation of a very loose adaptation of William Shakespeare’s William Shakespeare’s The The Taming of the ShrewTaming of the Shrew • the title contains a reference to the title contains a reference to a poem written by the film’s a poem written by the film’s female lead to describe her female lead to describe her bittersweet romance with the bittersweet romance with the male leadmale lead•the titles contains similarities in the titles contains similarities in both sound and rhyme (scheme)both sound and rhyme (scheme)

TaglineTagline:: “How do I loathe thee? “How do I loathe thee? Let me count the ways”Let me count the ways”

PlotPlot::

• Setting originates in a fictional high school, appropriately Setting originates in a fictional high school, appropriately named Padua High (located in Seattle, Washington).named Padua High (located in Seattle, Washington).

• Cameron, a new kid to the school, develops an immediate Cameron, a new kid to the school, develops an immediate crush on Bianca, a popular sophomore. However, Bianca’s crush on Bianca, a popular sophomore. However, Bianca’s overprotective father forbids Bianca to date until her sister Kat, overprotective father forbids Bianca to date until her sister Kat, an ill-tempered rebellious senior, begins to date.an ill-tempered rebellious senior, begins to date.

• Joey also wants to date Bianca, and bribes Patrick, a rebellious-Joey also wants to date Bianca, and bribes Patrick, a rebellious-mysterious senior (considered to be the male-equivalent to Kat), mysterious senior (considered to be the male-equivalent to Kat), to take Kat out. to take Kat out.

• Cameron poses as a French tutor in order to get closer to Cameron poses as a French tutor in order to get closer to Bianca, and is aware of Joey bribing Patrick.Bianca, and is aware of Joey bribing Patrick.

• Eventually, Kat begins to fall for the mysterious Patrick, and Eventually, Kat begins to fall for the mysterious Patrick, and eventually discovers the deal between him and Joey.eventually discovers the deal between him and Joey.

Character Revised Character

Actor / Actress

Kate Katarina “Kat” Stratford

Julia Stiles

Petruchio Patrick Verona Heath Ledger

Bianca Bianca Stratford Larisa Oleynik

Lucentio / Cambio Cameron James Joseph Gordon-Levitt

Baptista Dr. Stratford Larry Miller

Tranio / Lucencio Michael Eckman David Krumhotlz

Hortensio Joey Donner Andrew Keegan

Character ChartCharacter Chart

Kate Kate →→ Katarina Katarina “Kat” Stratford“Kat” Stratford

Hortensio → Hortensio → Joey DonnerJoey Donner

Petruchio → Petruchio → Patrick VeronaPatrick Verona

Bianca → Bianca → Bianca StratfordBianca Stratford

Lucencio / Cambio →Lucencio / Cambio →Cameron JamesCameron James

References to ShakespeareReferences to Shakespeare::In English class, Kat is assigned to write a poem based upon In English class, Kat is assigned to write a poem based upon Sonnet 141Sonnet 141. .

In faith, I do not love thee with mine eyes,In faith, I do not love thee with mine eyes,For they in thee a thousand errors note;For they in thee a thousand errors note;But 'tis my heart that loves what they despise,But 'tis my heart that loves what they despise,Who, in despite of view, is pleas'd to dote.Who, in despite of view, is pleas'd to dote.Nor are mine ears with thy tongue's tune delighted;Nor are mine ears with thy tongue's tune delighted;Nor tender feeling, to base touches prone.Nor tender feeling, to base touches prone.Nor taste nor smell desire to be invitedNor taste nor smell desire to be invitedTo any sensual feast with thee alone:To any sensual feast with thee alone:But my five wits nor my five senses canBut my five wits nor my five senses canDissuade one foolish heart from serving thee,Dissuade one foolish heart from serving thee,Who leaves unsway'd the likeness of a man,Who leaves unsway'd the likeness of a man,Thy proud heart's slave and vassal wretch to be:Thy proud heart's slave and vassal wretch to be:Only my plague thus far I count my gain,Only my plague thus far I count my gain,That she that makes me sin awards me painThat she that makes me sin awards me pain

• In response to the assignment, Kat elaborates her feelings In response to the assignment, Kat elaborates her feelings for Patrick and volunteers to recite her poem in front of the for Patrick and volunteers to recite her poem in front of the class. Appropriately titled, “10 Things I Hate About You.” class. Appropriately titled, “10 Things I Hate About You.”

I hate the way you talk to me, and the way you cut your hair.I hate the way you talk to me, and the way you cut your hair.I hate the way you drive my car.I hate the way you drive my car.I hate it when you stare.I hate it when you stare.I hate your big dumb combat boots, and the way you read my mind.I hate your big dumb combat boots, and the way you read my mind.I hate you so much it makes me sick; it even makes me rhyme.I hate you so much it makes me sick; it even makes me rhyme.I hate the way you're always right.I hate the way you're always right.I hate it when you lie.I hate it when you lie.I hate it when you make me laugh, even worse when you make me cry.I hate it when you make me laugh, even worse when you make me cry.I hate it when you're not around, and the fact that you didn't call.I hate it when you're not around, and the fact that you didn't call.But mostly I hate the way I don't hate you.But mostly I hate the way I don't hate you.Not even close, not even a little bit, not even at all.Not even close, not even a little bit, not even at all.

……continuedcontinued

““10 Things I Hate About You”10 Things I Hate About You”

References to ShakespeareReferences to Shakespeare::

• “ “Cruel to be Kind,” a (cover) song sung by Kat’s favorite Cruel to be Kind,” a (cover) song sung by Kat’s favorite band, Letters to Cleo, is a line from Hamletband, Letters to Cleo, is a line from Hamlet..

• Kat’s best friend, Mandella, has an obsession with Kat’s best friend, Mandella, has an obsession with Shakespeare, receives letters from Michael (Tranio) signed Shakespeare, receives letters from Michael (Tranio) signed as William Shakespeare, and wears Shakespearean style as William Shakespeare, and wears Shakespearean style clothing to the Prom.clothing to the Prom.

QuotesQuotes::• Cameron says Cameron says “I burn, I pine, I perish”“I burn, I pine, I perish” at the beginning of at the beginning of the film, and Michael directly refers to Kat as ‘the Shrew’ the film, and Michael directly refers to Kat as ‘the Shrew’

• In school, Kat is assigned to write a poem based on In school, Kat is assigned to write a poem based on Sonnet 141, her poem becomes “10 Things I Hate About Sonnet 141, her poem becomes “10 Things I Hate About You”You”

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Similarities• names of the characters• Patrick, like Petruchio, has a mysterious, rumor-filled past• Kat, portrayed as a typical, high school ‘feminist’ in contrast to the assumed feminist actions of Kate• characters are bound to roles- in “The Taming of the Shrew” you have ‘gender roles,’ and in ‘10 Things’ there are social roles ranging from ‘loser’ to ‘popular’• Bianca is portrayed as naive and manipulative

Differences• Major Difference: in the film, Kat has a reason to be ‘shrew-like.’ • After a taste of what it was like to be popular, date, and exploited by Joey, Kat promises to herself that she will never conform, think or care about what others think of her• Unlike Kate, Kat is interested and shows her interest in Patrick for a majority of the film

Kiss Me, Kate

• The title refers to Act II, Scene I - line 317 on page 48. When Petructio ‘assumes’ Kate’s hand in marriage and says, “We will have rings and things and fine array, and kiss me, Kate, “We will be married on a Sunday.”

• “Kiss Me, Kate,” a book written by Bella and Samuel Spewack, first opened on Broadway’s New Century Theater on December 30, 1948. It is loosely based on William Shakespeare’s “The Taming of the Shrew,” and is best known for its music, lyrics and utilization of a ‘play within a play.’

• In 1953, a film adaptation of “Kiss Me, Kate” was created. • Cole Porter, the composer and lyricist for “Kiss Me, Kate” knew how effectively Shakespeare used language, and in movie, you can tell how the lyrics contribute to the clarity of the plot.

• It contains a clear portrayal of “The Taming of the Shrew,” as well as a ‘mirrored’ story backstage.

Kiss Me, Kate

As a “Play Within a PlayAs a “Play Within a Play” ”

“Kiss Me, Kate” follows the story of cast members performing a musical version of “The Taming of the Shrew.”

The Cast:• Fred Graham: acts as both the director and the male lead, Petruchio.• Lilli Vanessi: acts as Katherine (Kate) and also happens to be Fred’s ex-wife. • Lois Lane: portrays Bianca and is Fred’s current love interest.• Bill Calhoun: plays Lucentio and is also having a ‘fling’ with Lois behind Fred’s back.

• While the actors are performing “The Taming of the Shrew” on stage, each character is more or less living out the play in real life, but backstage.

• Lilli Vanessi is known to be a difficult actress to work with. She argues and fights often and is seemingly never happy- these are similar traits to her character, Kate.

• Like Petruchio, Fred Graham is cocky, arrogant, and egotistical. He is also still in love with Lilli, and the backstage drama unfolds as Fred tries (more subtly than Petruchio) to win Lilli’s love.

• Entire backstage scenes can be recognized from “The Taming of the Shrew,” such as the scene when Fred advises Lilli not to eat before going onstage, in order to prevent indigestion. He does this under the pretext that he is looking out for her best interests, when in reality, he is attempting to show his dominance over her. This scene can be compared to Petruchio depriving Kate of food, claiming that the meat is not cooked.

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• Not only do their on-stage performances come bacsktage, but the characters utilize their backstage issues to add emphasis and meaning to their onstage lines.

For example, when Lilli discovers that flowers she received from Fred before the performance were actually meant for Lois, she becomes enraged-onstage.

• In perfect timing, Lilli brings out her frustration in Act II, Scene I, when Petruchio encounters Kate for the first time. Although she is meant to be angry, Lilli uses her own bursting anger towards Fred to enable Katherine to lose all control onstage, adding more ferocity to the rehearsed violence. She violently slaps and elbows Petruchio, all the while remaining using her Shakespearian dialogue.

• Fred eventually decides that he has had enough, and, to the delight of the audience, flips her over and spanks her bottom centre stage while the curtains are being drawn. The naive audience members simply see Petruchio punishing Kate, however it is also Fred teaching Lilli a lesson for her feisty attack on him.

““I’m Ashamed that I’m Ashamed that Women Are So Simple”Women Are So Simple”

• At the end of the film, Katherine apologizes to Petruchio in her famous speech, about loyalty to husbands.

• This speech, sung in “I’m Ashamed that Women Are So Simple” is a condensed version of Kate’s speech in Act V, Scene II – lines 161-168, 176-179.

• Backstage, Fred and Lilli are also reconciled, which is another example of a play-within-the-play.

Significance of the SongsSignificance of the Songs• There are two main types of songs in the film: those sung onstage and those sung backstage.

• The lyrics of the onstage songs tend to be comprised of quotes from Shakespeare, mixed with Contemporary English.

• Backstage songs are generally more modern, and consist of Contemporary English.

• However, they both provide easily understandable insight into what the characters are feeling.

• One example can be found onstage shortly after Petruchio has wed Katherine. The Shakespearian dialogue provides some clue as to how he is feeling but the song “Where is the Life that Late I Led?” clarifies Petruchio’s longing to return to his life as a single man. The music supports and elaborates the dialogue

• Incorporates elements of swing, jazz and opera