Taxonomy!!

Taxonomy! Branch of biology used to classify organisms

according to their characteristic similarities Consider phylogeny (evolutionary history)

relationships of organisms' structures (Morphology, reproduction, nutrition)

A man made science

How do humans bring order to the diversity of life existing today??

Ancient Greek Philosopher. Devised system of classification based on organism behavior and structure.

Aristotle

Swedish Naturalist (1707-1778)

Carolus Linnaeus

Organisms grouped according to morphology into hierarchal categories. (Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species)

Classification of Organisms is from general to specific

Final two categories (genus species) created a scientific method of naming organisms.

Linnaeus System

Two word system of naming organisms Genus & species Use Latin to assign a single identifying name to

every discovered organism

Genus is Capitalized and species is not Written in italics or underlined

Binomial Nomenclature

Have you ever eaten dolphin?

Common Name: Dolphin Common Name: Mahi-Mahi, Dolphin

Scientific name: Scientific name: Tursiops truncatus Coryphaena hippurus

Why have a universal language of scientific names?

Biological Hierarchy of Classification

Primitive single celled prokaryotic organisms, have cell walls with no peptidoglycan, adapted to extreme conditions, may be autotrophic or heterotrophic

Archeabacteria

Single-celled prokaryotic organisms that have cell walls with pedidoglycan, autotrophic or heterotrophic

Eubacteria

Bacteria is the oldest organism ever! The belong to the kingdom MONERA All bacteria have NO NUCLEUS, which means that

their DNA could be floating all around the cytoplasm.

Bacteria

Bacterial DNA is arranged in a CIRCULAR shape (plasmid)

Bacteria are just like people, they come in all different shapes and sizes. The three shapes are :1. ROD2. SPIRAL3. ROUND

Diverse group of eukaryotes, mostly unicellular, can be animal like heterotrophy, protozoans (zooplankton) or plant-like autotrophs algae (phytoplankton)

Protista

If you look at a drop of pond water under a microscope, all the "little creatures" you see swimming around are protists.

• Protists are very diverse in how they acquire food and energy.

• Protozoa : heterotrophs which feed on other plants and animals.

• Algae: autotrophic protists, (make their own food)

Phylum- RhizopodaPhylum-Foraminifera

Phylum-Chlorophyta

Phylum- Rhodophyta

Phylum-Phaeophyta

Phylum-Bacillariophyta

Non-motile, mostly multicellular, eukaryotic heterotrophs, have cell walls containing chitin.

Fungi

Multicellular eukaryotic chloroplast containing autotrophs, have cell walls containing cellulose.

Plantae

Multicellular, eukaryotic heterotrophy lacking cell walls, primarily sexual reproducers, most show some level of anatomical organization with specialized cells.

Animalia