Khi bn c mt bn v cu to ca mt chi tit, thit b, nhng khng c cc thng s kch thc, do , bn s mt nhiu thi gian v li bn v . C mt cch nhanh hn bn v li cc bn v ny, trnh t lm nh sau:

u tin bn mang bn v gc ln my qut (scanner) thnh file hnh nh, lu tp tin v chn nh dng l JPG (nu bn chn nh dng file l BMP th khi chn vo, mu sc ca cc ng nt s ging nh mu sc ca lp (layer) m bn chn hnh. Nu bn v c kh ln, bn c th photo thu nh v kh A3, A4 c th a ln my qut.

Tip theo, bn chn hnh nh vo bn v bng cch vo InsertRaster Image... sau la chn bn v cn v chn vo. Th l lc ny bn c mt mu nn, ch cn v t theo bn v nn, hiu chnh li cho ph hp. Sau khi v xong, bn tt layer cha bn v gc, hon tt bn v.

Cc thao tc, lu khi thc hin:

Hnh v gc c chn vo

V theo ng nt bn v gc

Tt layer cha bn v gc, hon tt bn v

+ Khi bn scan hnh nh c th b lch, lc ny bn cn xoay bn v gc cho thng bng lnh rotate (ro). Bn cn v mt trc tm chun thng ng (F8), sau v thm mt trc tm theo bn v gc, dng ty chn Reference quay cho tm bn v gc trng khp vi ng tm chun: g lnh "ro", chn bn v gc, chn tm quay l im giao nhau ca hai trc tm, g "r" la ty chn Reference, click vo hai im trn ng tm ca bn v gc, ko n v tr trng vi ng tm chun.

+ Trong qu trnh v trnh vic s lm di chuyn hnh gc lch khi v tr ban u, bn cn kha hnh gc bng cch kha layer cha hnh gc li v iu chnh nh sau: vo ModifyObjectImageFrame sau g "off" (nu l AutoCad 2006 th chn "0"), sau ny nu cn thay i th bn lm tng t v g lnh "on" (nu l AutoCad 2006 th chn "1").

+ Trong qu trnh v, khi bn phng to, thu nh (zoom), ko r mn hnh v (pan) th hnh gc s khng hin th do bn kh c th qun l, theo di. hnh gc lun hin trn mn hnh bn cn hiu chnh nh sau: Vo ToolOptions. Ti tab Display, bn nh du chn Pan and zoom with raster & OLE. Lc ny khi bn phng to, thu nh th hnh gc vn hin th trn mn hnh ch khng n i.

+ Khi chn hnh gc vo bn cn phng to hnh ln cho ph hp, nu bn qu nh th s gp kh khn trong lc v do n v phn chia lc ny qu b, khi bn v cc ng cong th khi hin th c lc n s gy khc, bn dng lnh redraw (re) n s trn li, tuy nhin nu bn phng to s d v hn.

+ Khi bn phng to ln th ng nt ca bn v gc cng s to ln, do bn s v theo bng cch chn khong gia ung nt ca bn v gc l ph hp nht.

+ Khi bn chn hnh vo, AutoCad ch nhn din lin kt (link) n bn v gc ch khng chn hnh vo bn v. Do , khi chp sang my khc, th mc khc hiu chnh, sa cha th bn cn chp c hnh gc theo.

Mt s cch chn i tng trong CAD1. Chn i tng bng pick chut 2. Chn i tng nm trong ca s chn bng cch pick chut t tri qua phi mn hnh (windows) hoc dng tham s W3. Chn i tng nm trong v trng vi ca s chn bng cch pick chut t phi qua tri mn hnh (crossing) hoc dng tham s C4. Chn tt c cc i tng: dng Ctrl+A5. Chn i tng theo ng zigzag tu : dng tham s F6. Chn i tng nm trong ca s a gic tu : dng tham s WP7. Chn i tng nm trng v trong ca s a gic tu : dng tham s CP8. Chn i tng c v cui cng: dng tham s L9. Chn i tng chn trc: dng tham s P10. Gi Ctrl bt i tng (Object Cycling)Trong lc v nhiu khi c nhng i tng ln nhau. Bn c th chn ln lt chng bng cch gi Ctrl ri pick chut vo ch c nhiu i tng ln nhau. lc CAD s bt ch Cycle on. Khi bn c th b Ctrl ri pick chut bt k ch no trn mn hnh. Cc i tng ln lt s c chn. Khi chn c i tng cn chn bn phi chut hoc enter kt thc lnh.11. Chn thm v b chn i tng: Dng Shift l thun tin nht, hoc dng tham s A add thm i tng, tham s R b bt i tng chn12. Chn i tng bng Quick Select: Tool>Quick Select13. Chn i tng theo bng Filter (lc i tng) tham s Fi.12 v 13 dng nhng c im nhn dng chung chn i tng. Nu dng quen s thy rt hu ch

Cch chn i tng bng lnh FI ( Filter )V d trong 1 bn v c rt nhiu loi i tng nh lnh FI.Trong khung Selection Filter. Chn Circle/ And to List / Apply Quay li ca s chnh ca CAD, ta chn tt c cc i tng trong bn v/Ok. Gi th FI lc ra ch selec cc CIRCLE trn bn v thi !

Ging lnh filter, nhng c bit hn: Bn cn phi nht ra trong bn v nhng i tng text c cha mt cm t nht nh, lm th no?Hy dng lnh find c bn ca AutoCAD, cch dng:- Gi lnh find ti dng lnh.- Ti bng lnh, g dng ch cn tm ti phn text find string.- Ti phn search in, click vo phm c biu tng hnh vung v con tr chut chn cc i tng.- Cad s quay tr li mn hnh chnh bn chn i tng. y bn g All chn tt c cc i tng trong bn v. G xong th g enter.- Tr li bng lnh Find and Replace, bn s thy phm Select All c t mu en (trc n c mu xm - disable). Hy click vo phm Select All ny.- Cad s ng bng lnh v cc i tng cha dng ch cn tm s c la chn (high light). Cng vi dng ch trn ca s text: "AutoCAD found and selected xxx objects that contain yyy" vi xxx l s i tng c chn v yyy l cm t bn va nhp. Nu khng c i tng no tho mn, cad s thng bo:"AutoCAD found and selected 0 objects that contain yyy".-----M rng sang lnh vc khc 1 cht.Vi Architectural Desktop 6-7:Vi iu kin l khng tt chc nng chut phi (mi ngi quen dng chut phi thay phm Enter nn a s tt b chc nng rt hay ca chut phi, nu khng tt s hin menu rt c ch).Khi chn 1 hoc 2 hoc mt s i tng lm mu: chut phi s hin dng Similar selection. Chn dng ny s select cc i tng ging hoc gn ging vi cc i tng ta chn lm mu.Chut phi c bit hu ch i vi ADT khi iu chnh cc i tng. V gn nh l tt c cc ty chn hiu chnh i tng u nm trn menu chut phi.

Trim and ExtendHai lnh ny c mt s iu c bn nhng kh th v, khng bit mi ngi bit cha?- Khi dng lnh trim, chn i tng cht xong, n lc chn i tng cn cht, nhn phm Shift s tr thnh lnh extend. v ngc li. Tht ra, AutoCAD hng dn rt k: Select object to trim or shift-select to extend nhng khng my ai .- Dng tham s f (fence) lc dng lnh hi object to trim/extend s cht/dui c nhiu i tng cng mt lc.

Ngoi phim F nu mun bit c nhng cch la chn j khc na th th n lnh move , sau n mt lot k t cho li , n hin ra ht VD: move _ Enteraaaaa_enter (Su tm)/... kt qu hin ra cc cch la chnTrong trng hp bin extend b ngn, ng cn extend phi ra ngoi bin c th tham s ny cng tit kim c thi gianLnh Trim cng hon ton tng t, cc bn cng c th dng tham s e dng ng ny ct ng kia mc d chng khng giao nhau.Mo chn i tngBn ang cn chn mt i tng nm pha di mt i tng khc, bn lm nh th no? c mt cch rt n gin: khi chn bn nhn thm ctr, pick 1 ln nu trng ri th thi, nu cha trng th pick thm ln na n s chn xoay vng cc i tng nm ti 1 v tr cho n lc i tng bn chn l th bn nhn phm space (enter hoc phi chut). Bn ang bt mt lc nhiu la chn osnap, v th khi bn di chut n gn i tng, thay vo bt theo cch bn mong mun, AutoCAD li chn kiu snap khng ng? bn ch cn nhn phm tab chc nng osnap s thay i xoay vng cho n kiu bn mun th thi.

Mo bt trung imBn mun ch nh mt im l trung im ca 2 im khc m khng c i tng no bt midpoint? bn s v mt line i qua 2 im v chn midpoint, sau li xa line ny i?Khng n ni phc tp nh th, khi bn mun xc nh trung im, bn ch cn nhp vo mtp hoc m2p (middle between 2 point), ACAD s hi bn 2 im u mt, th l bn c im gia.

Mo khi dng filletMt s ngi khi dng lnh fillet, ch yu dng vt hai i tng vo nhau (radius=0). Nn khi ang fillet vi mt bn knh khc, h mun bin radius v 0 th li dng tham s R ri g vo 0. Khi mun quay tr li bn knh ang lm th li lm li. khc phc iu ny, AutoCAD cho bn chc nng gi SHIFT, lnh fillet s mc nh radius=0, nh ra th bn knh fillet li tr thnh bnh thng.

Mo hatch mng hatch, pline c width dy khng che mt cc thng tin hatch, dim. Hy s dng lnh TEXTTOFRONT, lnh ny a ton b text v/hoc dim ln trc cc i tng khc. Lnh ny bt u c t ACAD2005.

Mo to blockNu bn mun to mt anonymous block (l block khng c tn) trong bn v bn ch cn copy cc i tng m bn mun to block bng cch dng t hp phm Ctr+C, sau dng lnh PasteBlock.Vi block to bng phng php ny, bn khng cn phi qun l block (tht ra l khng qun l c). Khi bn xa i tng ny, ACAD t ng Purge cc anonymous block ra khi block table sau mi ln m file.

Tham s ca ZoomMc nh, tc zoom trong AutoCAD l kh thp, trong khi b con nh ta zoom nhiu hn v. M zoom chm th kh chu. Cho nn dng lnh sau y tng tc ti a (lnh ny khng lin quan n tng tc ha ca phn cng nh )ZOOMFACTOR = 100(100 l maximum ri )T AutoCAD 2006 n 2008 c thm hiu ng, cc bn s bit mnh ang zoom t u .... nhng nu khng c tng tc ha, zoom khng mt, h h, hiu ng ny s gy cm gic kh chu V vy tt hn ht l tt bng i, tr li AutoCAD c. Cc bn dng lnh sau:VTOPTIONSTt b ht 2 dng option trn v ok l xong.

Ch s trn v ch s diMun nh Text trong Autocad m c m trn hoc di th dng lnh g?V d H2SO4

Lnh MTEXT.Bn mun dng vit ch trn u, bn cho k t m (^) vo cui.Bn mun dng vit ch di chn, bn cho k t m (^) vo u on.Sau t xanh on m bn mun vit km c k t m, ri nhn vo phm a/b trn thanh cng c mtext.

Mt s kin thc ban u v XREFXin c bt u mt chui cc bi vit c bn cng nh mi ngc ngch ca lnh Xref. Cc kin thc ny l s bin dch, tng hp t help ca AutoCAD v kinh nghim s dng CAD ca bn thn.

PHN 1: NH NGHA V NHNG KIN THC C BN.Xref: vit tt ca cm t eXternal Reference (l nh x t bn ngoi). Mt Xref l mt nh x t bn ngoi dng ch s nh x phn bn v ca mt file c ngun gc t mt file khc.AutoCAD quan nim mt Xref nh mt dng nh ngha block vi mt vi s khc bit quan trng. Khi bn chn mt file con bn v nh l mt nh x block (dng lnh ddinsert, chn browser), n c lu tr trong file bn v m v khng cp nht nhng s thay i ca file con. Khi bn nh km mt file con nh l mt xref, bn to ra mt lin kt nh x bn v con ti bn v hin hnh (bn v m), mi thay i ca bn v con u c hin th khi bn v m c m ra. Xref lun l i tng thuc model space, n c th c nh km vi bt c, t l, v tr v gc quay no.Mt bn v m c th nh x mt hoc nhiu bn v Xref con cng mt lc. V ngc li, nhiu bn v m cng c th nh x vo mt bn v Xref con. Trong mt file Xref con c th xut hin file Xref con khc, ngha l Xref ny lng trong xref kia. V d: file A nh x file B, file B nh x file C l c th xy ra. Cng ging nh mt nh x block, mt xref xut hin trong bn v m nh mt i tng n. Du vy, bn khng th explode mt xref ngoi tr bn bind (chuyn mt xref thnh mt block) n trc khi explode.

Cng c nh mt Xref vo file nh km mt xref s dng lnh XREF hin th bng qun l cc Xref hoc s dng lnh XATTACH.Bn cng c th s dng lnh DesignCenter ca AutoCAD nh km 1 file xref cng nh chn mt block vo bn v. S dng DesignCenter cho nhng file nh km n gin, c th preview c xref v cc m t v n, v nhanh -_-*ng s dng c bng cch drag chut.

Tn cc i tng cha trong XrefKhi bn nh km mt xref, tt c cc tn i tng ca n, nh layer, linetype, dim, block, textstyle c thm vo thng tin ca bn v m vi tin t (tn t thm pha trc) l tn ca xref v k hiu du ng (|). V d, khi mt xref vi tn l TKKT c mt layer tn l TUONG, AutoCAD thm vo thng tin ca bn v m mt layer tn l TKKT|TUONG.

Hin th, mu sc v kiu nt (linetype)Bn c th iu khin s hin th, mu sc v kiu nt cng nh cc thuc tnh khc ca layer v lm cho chng c s thay i tm thi. Nu bin h thng VISRETAIN c t v 0, tt c nhng s thay i ch c tc dng tm thi vi bn v m, chng s b hy b khi bn ng bn v m, hoc khi bn reload (ti li Xref - tng ng thut ng refresh) hay detach (tng ng thut ng remove) Xref.

Xref v Trt t bn v.Nu bn nh x mt bn v c mt image nh km hoc mt i tng m c hiu chnh bng lnh DRAWORDER (l lnh t trt t hin th cho cc i tng ca AutoCAD), trt t bn v trong Xref s khng cn c nh nguyn gc ngay c khi ta regen li bn v. Nu bn in bn v vi trt t hin th khng ng, hnh trong bn v s c th b n bi mt i tng khc.

Bin ct cp Xref Bn v c to bi AutoCAD R14 hoc mi hn c th cha xref c ct cp (clip). Nu bn mun xem ng bin ca n trong AutoCAD, hy t bin XCLIPFRAME v On.

To v chn khiTo v chn khi ( Block)Trong khi thc hin cc bn v c nhng chi tit thng xuyn phi s dng n, nhng nu mi ln cn s dng n ta li phi to ra hoc sao chp t mt bn v khc vo th rt mt thi gian thay v phi thc hin thao tc ta ch cn to ra cc chi tit mt ln ri thc hin lnh to khi cho cc i tng. Khi cn s dng n cc chi tit ta ch cn thc hin lnh Insert chn khi vi t l bt k.1. To khi ( lnh block)- Draw/Block/Make...- Command: Block, BXut hin bng hi thoi ta thc hin nh sau: Nhp tn cho khi vo mc NameNhy chut vo mc Select Objects chn i tng cn to khi.Select objects:chn i tng cn to khi.Select objects:chn tip i tng cn to khi hay nhn Enter kt thc vic la chn.Nhy chut vo mc Pick point< xc nh im chn cho khi.Specify insertion base point: nhp ta im chun chn cho khi.OK.* Tnh cht ca khi.- nu khi c to trn lp khng ( 0) th khi chn s c tnh cht ca lp hin hnh "ng nt, mu sc, rng nt in ...", nu khi c to trn lp khc lp khngth khi chn s gi nguyn tnh cht ca lp to ra n.- Khi chn nu t l chn theo trc X m m ( mang gi tr m VD; -1) th khi s i sng vi trc song song vi trc Y v ngc li.2. Chn khi ( lnh Insert )- Insert/Block...- command: Insert, I EnterXut hin bng hi thoi Insert ta thc hin nh sau:Nhp tn ca khi cn chn vo mc Name (thng thng ta nhy chut vo mi tn ti s xut hin danh sch v chn tn khi cn chn). Nhp t l chn cho khi vo mc Scale.X:Y:Z:Nhp gi tr gc xoay cho khi vo mc Rotation.OK.Specify insertion point or [Scale/X/Y/Z/Rotate/PScale/PX/PY/PZ/PRotate]: nhp ta im chn cho khi.* Cch tnh t l chnVD: ti c mt Bu long c kch thc 20 v cao l 6, by gi chn ra vi kch thc 20 v cao 8 ta s ly kch thc cn chn chia cho kch thc thc t. ( 8/6 = 1.33333 )3. Chn khi ti cc im chiaa, Chn khi ti im chia bng lnh DivideKhi thc hin lnh chn khi ti cc im chia bng lnh Divide lnh s chn chn vo cc im chia cc nt im, v chn thm khi.- Command: Divide, Div EnterSelect object to divide: chn i tng cn chia.Enter the number of segments or [Block]: B EnterEnter name of block to insert: bu long ( Nhp tn ca khi cn chn )Align block with object? [Yes/No] : (c xoay khi theo chiu ca i tng hay khng).Enter the number of segments: 6 ( Nhp s on cn chia ).b, Chn khi ti cc im chia ( lnh MEASURE).- Command: MEASURE, me EnterSelect object to measure: chn i tng cn chia.Specify length of segment or [Block]: B EnterEnter name of block to insert: bu long (Nhp tn ca khi cn chn)Align block with object? [Yes/No] : c xoay khi theo chi ca i tng hay khng.Specify length of segment: 50 Nhp chiu di on cn chia.

Lm th no o gc ln hn 180 ?Vn dng lnh DIMANGULAR nh bnh thng, ch hi khc mt cht l cc bn ng chn gc gia 2 line m bn chn chc nng o gc ca Arc hay gc gia 3 im l c.V d:Command: dimangular (enter)Select arc, circle, line, or : (enter - ng ngha vi chn mc specify vertex tc l ch nh 3 nh)Specify angle vertex: (pick vo im 1 - im gc)Specify first angle endpoint: (chn vo im 2 - nm trn mt cnh ca gc)Specify second angle endpoint: (chn vo im 3 - nm trn cnh cn li ca gc)Specify dimension arc line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: (chn vo im 4 - im m ng dim s i qua)Dimension text = 231 (v d th)

Ni cc line, arc, lwpolyline khng chm nhau, bng tnh nng mi ca lnh plineKhi bn mun ni cc line, arc, polyline thnh 1 nhng chng li khng chm nhau? Bn dng tham s Mutiple ngay sau khi s dng lnh pline, sau s dng chc nng join:Command: pePEDIT Select polyline or [Multiple]: mSelect objects: Specify opposite corner: 11 foundSelect objects:Enter an option [Close/Open/Join/Width/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: jJoin Type = ExtendEnter fuzz distance or [Jointype] : 5.010 segments added to polylineEnter an option [Close/Open/Join/Width/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]:

Trc khi dng:

Sau khi dng:

Lnh Standards trong AutoCAD - Lm bn v tr nn chun hn

Bn c th to mt file tiu chun nh ngha nhng thuc tnh thng dng duy tr tnh thng nht trong cc file bn v ca bn. Standards nh ngha mt tp hp cc thuc tnh thng dng cho tn i tng nh layer v text style.

Tng quan v lnh Standard.Bn c th to mt file tiu chun nh ngha nhng thuc tnh thng dng duy tr tnh thng nht trong cc file bn v ca bn. Standards nh ngha mt tp hp cc thuc tnh thng dng cho tn i tng nh layer v text style. Bn hoc ngi qun l CAD ca bn c th to, thc thi v hiu chnh tiu chun trong bn v m bo thng nht. Bi standards cho php d dng cho ngi khc c bn v, standard cn c bit hu ch trong mi trng hp tc, ni m nhiu c tnh ring bit ca cc nhm gp phn to nn mt bn v.

Tn i tng kim tra Standards.Bn c th to tiu chun cho cc tn i tng theo:. Layers. Text style. Linetypes. Dimension styles

File StandardsSau khi bn nh ngha tiu chun, bn lu chng nh l 1 file standard. Bn c th gn kt file tiu chun vo 1 hoc nhiu file bn v. Sau khi gn kt file tiu chun vi file bn v, bn nn kim tra bn v nh k chc chn n ng tiu chun.

Standards Audit Works (cng vic hiu chnh tiu chun) l th no?Khi bn kim tra mt bn v xem c vi phm tiu chun khng, mi tn i tng ca kiu c ch nh phi c i chiu vi file tiu chun gn vi bn v. V d, mi layer trong bn v phi c i chiu vi cc layer trong bn v tiu chn.

Mt s hiu chnh tiu chun khng bao gm hai vn sau:. Mt i tng c tn khng tiu chun c t vo mt bn v c kim. V d, mt layer c tn WALL c mt trong bn v nhng khng c bt c mt file tiu chun nh km no.. Mt i tng c t tn trong bn v khp vi tn ca mt trong cc file tiu chun, nhng thuc tnh ca n khc nhau. V d, trong bn v layer WALL c mu vng, nhng file tiu chun ch nh mu layer WALL l mu .Khi bn sa cc i tng c tn khng chun, i tng khng chun s c loi b lm sch bn v. Bt c mt i tng trong bn v no c lin kt vi cc i tng khng tiu chun s c thay bng cc i tng tiu chun m bn ch nh. V d, bn sa layer khng tiu chun, WALL, v thay n bng tiu chun ARCH-WALL. Trong v d ny, chn Fix trong hp thoi Check Standard chuyn ton b i tng t layer WALL sang ARCH-WALL v purge layer WALL khi bn v.

Standards Plug-InsQu trnh chnh sa s dng standards plug-ins, cc ng dng chiu theo cc nguyn tc c nh ngha cho thuc tnh s ln lt kim tra tn i tng. Layer, dim style, linetype v text style, mi th c kim tra trong mt plug-in khc nhau. Bn c th ch nh cc plug-ins s dng cho qu trnh kim tra vi phm tiu chun bn v. Autodesk hay mt nh pht trin th 3 c th thm plug-in kim tra thm cc thuc tnh khc ca bn v.

Tt c cc plug-in kim tra ton b thuc tnh cho mi tn i tng ngoi tr plug-in layer. Nhng thuc tnh layer di y c kim tra khi s dng plug-in layer:. Color (mu). Linetype (kiu nt). Lineweight ( dy nt). Plot style mode (ch in). Plot style name (tn plot style khi bin PSTYLEMODE c t v 0)

Cc thuc tnh layer di y s khng c kim trong plug-in layer:. On/Off (tt/bt). Freeze/Thaw (ng bng/ r bng). Lock (kha). Plot/No Plot (in / khng in)

Standards Settings (thit lp tiu chun)Rt nhiu thit lp c ch cho ngi qun l CAD trong hp thoi CAD Standards Setting. y l hp thoi c th truy cp bng cch click vo Setting trong hp thoi Check Standards v Configure Standard.

Hp thoi Configure Standard

CAD Standards toolbar:

Tools menu: CAD Standards Configure

Command entry: standards Gn kt bn v hin hnh vi bn v tiu chun v lit k plug-in s dng trong kim tra standard.

Check Standards: M hp thoi Check Standards.

Settings: hin th hp thoi CAD Standards Settings, Cho php ch nh cc thit lp thm cho hp thoi Configure Standards v Check Standards.

Hp thoi Configure Standards cha hai tab di y:

. Standards. Plug-ins

Tab Standards Hin th thng tin v bn v tiu chun c gn kt vi bn v hin hnh.Standards Files Associated with the Current Drawing (File tiu chun c gn vi file hin hnh) Lit k tt c cc file tiu chun c gn kt vi bn v hin hnh. thm 1 file, click vo Add Standards file. loi b mt file tiu chun, click Remove Standard File. Nu c xung t gia cc tiu chun trong danh sch ny (v d, nu 2 file tiu chun cng ch nh layer cng tn nhng khc thuc tnh), file tiu chun c hin th pha trn s c chn. thay i v tr cc file tiu chun trong danh sch, chn n v click vo Move Up hay Move Down.

Bn c th s dng menu tt add, remove hay sp xp li cc file.Add Standards File (Thm file tiu chun) :Gn file tiu chun vo bn v hin hnh.

Remove Standards File (loi b file tiu chun): B file tiu chun t list. (B file tiu chun ra khi danh sch khng ng ngha vi vic delete n nhng c th b gn kt ca n khi bn v hin hnh d dng).

Move Up (Dch ln): Di chuyn file standard ln 1 nng trong danh sch.

Move Down (Dch xung): Di chuyn file bn v xung mt nc trong danh sch.

Description (m t)Cung cp thng tin tng qut v file tiu chun ang c chn trong danh sch. Bn c th thm ghi ch v tit cho m t bng cch m file DWS v s dng lnh DWGPROPS. Trong hp thoi Drawing Properties, click vo tab Summary.

Tab Plug-ins Lit k v m t cc plug-in tiu chun c ci t trong h thng hin ti. Mt plug-in tiu chun c ci t cho mi tn i tng nh ngha tiu chun (layer, dimention style, linetype v text style). Trong tng lai, hy vng cc ng dng th 3 s c th ci t c cc plug-in thm.

Plug-ins Used When Checking Standards(Cc Plug-in c s dng khi kim tra tiu chun) lit k cc plug-in trong h thng hin ti. Bn c th ch nh plug-in no c dng hiu chnh bn v bng cch chn plug-in trong danh sch ny.

Description (M t) cung cp thng tin tng qut v cc plug-in ang c chn trong danh sch.

Hp thoi CAD Standards Settings

CAD Standards toolbar:

Tools menu: CAD Standards Configure

Command entry: standards or checkstandards Ch nh cc thit lp thm cho hp thoi Configure Standards v Check Standards.

Notification Settings: t la chn cho cnh bo v vi phm tiu chun.

Disable Standards Notifications: tt chc nng cnh bo cho vi phm tiu chun v khi khng tm thy file tiu chun.

Display Alert upon Standards Violation: t cnh bo cho vi phm tiu chun trong bn v hin hnh. Mt cnh bo s c hin th khi bn vi phm tiu chun. Cnh bo cho cho bn bit bao nhiu i tng khng tiu chun m bn to hay hiu chnh trong khi sa bn v. Mi cnh bo c hin th, bn c th chn sa hay khng sa tiu chun vi phm. Khi bn v s dng script hay Lisp, cnh bo s khng hin th cho ti khi script hay lisp hon thnh. (Bin h thng STANDARDSVIOLATION)

Display Standards Status Bar Icon (hin th biu tng thanh trng thi tiu chun) Hin th mt biu tng trong thanh trng thi khi bn mi mt file gn vi file tiu chun v khi bn to hay hiu chnh cc i tng khng tiu chun. (Bin h thng STANDARDSVIOLATION)

Check Standards Settings (Thit lp kim tra tiu chun): t cu hnh cho sa vi phm v b qua li.

Automatically Fix Non-standard Properties (T ng sa cc thuc tnh khng tiu chun). Chuyn qua li gia sa t ng hay khng cc i tng phi tiu chun nu c mt ngh sa. ngh sa xut hin khi mt i tng phi tiu chun c tn trng vi tn ca i tng tiu chun, nhng khc thuc tnh. Trong trng hp ny, thuc tnh ca i tng tiu chun c p vo i tng phi tiu chun. Checking Complete (Kim tra hon tt) hin cnh bo tng s i tng vi phm trc v sau khi t ng sa. La chn ny c t cho mi h thng v p cho ton b bn v c kim trn h thng.

Show Ignored Problems (Hin vn b b qua): Chuyn i gia hin th hay khng hin th vn c nh du nh l b qua. Nu la chn ny c check, cc vi phm tiu chun c nh du s b b qua khng hin th trong qu trnh hiu chnh bn v hin hnh.

Preferred Standards File to Use for Replacements Cung cp mt danh sch file standard iu khin la chn mc nh trong danh sch Replace With trong hp thoi Check Standard. Khng cn quan tm ti thit lp ny nu mt s thay th ngh c tm thy (y l s thay th ci trc mt du kim), n lun c chn lm mc nh. Nu khng c mt s ngh thay th no c tm thy khi file tiu chun (DWS) c chn trong hp thoi CAD Standards Setting, la chn mc nh trong danh sch Replace Width s c thay th vo mc u tin trong cc file tiu chun. Nu ch ny c t v None, v khng c mt ngh thay th no c tm thy, khng c mc no c thay trong danh sch Replace With.

Mt s vn v Hatch trong AutoCAD

Hatch l mt phn khng th thiu c i vi bn v k thut th hin trong AutoCAD. Chnh v s a dng v phc tp ca n m c rt nhiu vn ny sinh xung quanh HATCH. Xin nu mt s vn c chn lc t din n CADViet. Vn 1: Khi xa mt i tng hatch, i tng chn bin ca hatch (line, arc, pline) cng lp tc b xa. Lm sao ming xa c i tng Hatch m khng xa i tng nm bin ca n. Mc d hatch v i tng bin khng nm trong cng mt block hay group.Kim tra bin h thng PICKSTYLE ca bn v ny l bao nhiu? Mc nh ca CAD l 0. Mi quan h gia i tng hatch v i tng chn bin ca n ph thuc vo bin h thng PICKSTYLE. chn i tng hatch m khng chn i tng chn bin ca n th t PICKSTYLE bng 0 hoc 1. chn i tng Hatch v chn lun i tng chn bin ca n th t PICKSTYLE bng 2 hoc 3. Nh vy, v file m bn ang v c th ang t bin PICKSTYLE = 2 hoc 3. gii quyt vn bn nu ra, bn th t li bin PICKSTYLE = 0 hoc 1.Vn 2: Mt s file CAD i tng hatch b v trng rt xu v cn sai na. Ti sao vy, cch sa nh th no.Hin tng ny xy ra khi s dng cc mu hatch nh GRAVEL (SI) hay AR-CONC (b tng gch v) ti nhng ta c gi tr X, Y ln (thng l ln hn 1 triu). x l vn ny, c bn l phi gim khong cch tng i gia gc (origin) ca Hatch v i tng Hatch.C 3 cch trnh hin tng ny:1. t bin SNAPBASE v ta gn vi ta ca i tng hatch ang v.2. Dng lnh UCS, t li h ta sao cho gc ta gn vi i tng hatch.3. Tm thi di chuyn bin ng hatch v gn gc ta . Sau khi hatch xong th li di chuyn i tng hatch v v tr mong munVn 3: Mt bn v, trong bn t mt ct tng bng i tng solid. By gi mun thay tt c solid ny thnh hatch c th i kiu hatch sang nt k cho. Dng lnh Region bin i tng solid thnh Region, sau dng lnh Bhatch bin i tng Region thnh i tng Hatch.Vn 4: Nhiu khi phi s dng mu hatch chp nhau. V d nh khi s dng hatch b tng ct thp, bn phi s dng nt cho (LINE) v nt gch v (AR-CONC). Lm sao bn ni 2 mu hatch ny li thnh 1 mu mi.To 1 file mi c tn trng vi tn mu hatch m bn t vi ui l .pat. V d: BE_TONG.PAT. M file Acad.pat trong th mc support ra, tm on m cad m t v gch v, copy vo file mi ny, tm on cad m t v Line, copy vo tip. Save li, s dng lnh hatch l ok. Ch : cui file BE_TONG.PAT ny phi c mt dng trngVn 5: S dng hatch c bit cho bn v. Khi copy bn v n my khc th bn v vn nh vy, nhng mun hatch thm th li khng c. Mun tm ci mu hatch th phi lm th no.ACAD cha mu Hatch ca n trong file Acad.pat ti th mc support. ly mu hatch sang my khc, c 3 cch:1. Copy file Acad.pat ca my ch sang my khch.2. M file Acad.pat ca my ch, tm on text ni v mu hatch cn cho bn v ri copy n. M file Acad.pat ca my khch, paste n vo cui cng.3. M file Acad.pat ca my ch, tm on text ni v mu hatch cn cho bn v ri copy n. To mt file c tn trng vi tn ca mu hatch c ui l pat v paste ni dung va copy (nh l cui file phi c 1 dng trng). Copy file mi ny vo th mc support. Khi dng lnh Hatch, vo mc custom s thy mu hatch va to.Vn 6: Khi mun ly bin ca mt hatch b mt bin hiu chnh n hay hiu chnh cc i tng lin quan, lm cch no?AutoCAD c 1 chc nng mi l recreat boundary ly bin ca bn v:nh di y c thu nh. Bm vo y xem hnh ng kch c. nh gc c kch thc l 786x329.

Vn 7: Khi lm vic trn mt bn v nng, dng lnh hatch s mt nhiu thi gian. i lc khng hatch c, i lc CAD thng bo: 1234 selected, DELETED? tr li Y th mi tip tc c v phi ngi ch thm mt lc na CAD tnh ton. khc phc iu ny phi lm sao? Khi lnh Hatch c dng, ACAD s tnh ton ng bin ca i tng hatch mi c to nn bi bin ca cc i tng ang hin th trn mn hnh. Cc i tng nm trong layer n hay ng bng s b b qua, cc i tng nm khut ngoi khung nhn (viewport) cng b b qua khng a vo tnh ton. lnh hatch c nhanh, cn lm sao s i tng tnh ton ca ACAD l ti thiu (tng ti a s i tng b b qua ti a). C 2 thao tc cn lm: th nht l n i cc i tng khng nh hng ti ng bin ca Hatch m chng ta s to, th hai l zoom cng to cng tt nhng vn hin th phn hatch sp c to ra ( loi b nhng i tng khng tham gia vo ng bin ca Hatch mi). Vi hai thao tc lm gim khi lng tnh ton ny, d dng thy c hiu qu ca thi gian hatch.Vn 8: to mt i tng hatch m khng cn ng boundary?dng lnh -hatch (not hatch), chn option W (draw)

Vn 9: Khi i tng chun b to hatch khng to nn mt ng bin kn. Lm th no hatch vo min h ny?Vi CAD 2007, Ti bng lnh Hatch click vo phm More Options (Alt + >) hin ra y bng lnh.

Ti bng lnh, bn nhp vo khong h ln nht.

sau s dng lnh hatch nh bnh thng, mi khong h nh hn gi tr Gap s b b qua (xem nh lin)Khong h trc khi hatch

Sau khi hatch

Lnh laytrans trong AutoCAD

Khi bn nhn bn v t ngi khc, hay mt bn v v nhiu ngi v hoc ni cc file vo nhau. Layer s rt ln xn. Lm sao n gin ho v tiu chun ho layer bn v? Layer trans s l s la chn tuyt vi ca bn lc ny.

Trong layer Translator, bn ch nh layer trong file hin hnh m bn mun chuyn, ri layer m bn mun chuyn ti.Ti dng lnh bn g lnh laytrans

nh di y c thu nh. Bm vo y xem hnh ng kch c. nh gc c kch thc l 604x375.

Giao din lnh laytrans

Translate FromCh nh layer s c chuyn trong bn v hin hnh. Bn c th ch nh layer bng cch chn layer trong danh sch Translate From hoc bng cch s dng h tr lc chn. Mu sc pha trc biu tng mu ca tn layer xc nh v tr nh x hoc khng nh x trong bn v. Mt biu tng ti xc nh rng layer c nh x, mt biu tng trng xc nh layer khng nh x. Cc layer khng nh x c th c xa khi bn v bng cch phi chut trong danh sch Translate From v chn Purge Layers.Filter LayerCc layer c ch nh c chn trong danh sch Translate From, c th s dng k t i din (VD: *, ?, #,...) cho tn. LoadTi cc layer trong danh sch Translate To s dng mt bn v thng, mt bn v mu, hoc mt file tiu chun m bn ch nh. Nu file c ch nh cha layer mappings, nhng nh x ny s c p dng cho layer trong danh sch Translate From v hin th ti Layer Translation Mappings.Bn c th ti cc layer t nhiu file. Nu bn ti mt file cha layer cng tn vi layer c load, layer gc s c gi li, layer trng s b b qua. Cng nh vy khi bn load mt file cha nh x layer trng vi file layer gc.Newnh ngha mt tn layer c hin th trong danh sch Translate To chuyn i. Nu bn chn mt layer Translate To trc khi chn New, thuc tnh layer c chn s c s dng nh mc nh ca layer mi. Bn khng th to mt layer mi cng tn vi layer c.Layer Translation MappingsLit k mi layer c chuyn v thuc tnh ca mi layer s c chuyn i. Bn c th chn cc layer trong danh sch ny v thay i thuc tnh s dng phm edit.Edit: M hp thoi Edit Layer, hiu chnh layer bn cn chuyn. Bn c th thay i linetype, mu sc v lineweight ca layer. Nu ton b bn v c chuyn s dng plot style, bn c th thay i plot style cho nh x layer.Remove: Loi b nh x chuyn i c chn t danh sch Layer Translation Mapping.Save: Lu nh x chuyn i layer hin hnh vo file s dng cho sau ny.nh x Layer c ghi vo file c nh dng DWG hoc DWS. Bn c th ghi vo file c sn hoc to mt file mi. Layer Translator to cc layer nh x trong file v cha bn nh x layer trong mi layer. Tt c cc linetype s dng bi cc layer cng c copy vo file.Settings: M hp thoi Setting, ni bn c th ty bin qu trnh chuyn i layer.Translate: Bt u chuyn i layer theo bn nh x bn va chn.Nu bn cha lu bn nh x layer hin hnh, bn s c nhc nh lu bn trc khi thc hin chuyn i.

Bng setting ca laytrans

iu khin qu trnh chuyn i layer:Force Object Color to BYLAYER: Xc nh mi i tng c chuyn i my sc theo layer ca chng hay khng. Nu option ny c chn, mi i tng mang mu theo layer ca chng. Nu option ny khng c chn, mu ca mi i tng theo mu gc ca chng.Force Object Linetype to BYLAYER: Ging nh trn nhng l Linetype.Translate Objects in Blocks: Xc nh i tng nm trong block c c chuyn i hay khng. Nu c chn, i tng nm trong block s c chuyn v ngc li.Write Transaction Log: Ch nh c ghi li kt qu chi tit trong file log hay khng. Nu option ny c chn, mt file log s c to trong th mc cha bn v chuyn i. File log c gn cng mt tn file chuyn i. V ngc li.Show Layer Contents When Selected: Xc nh cc layer hin th trong phn bn v. Nu option ny c chn, ch nhng layer c chn trong hp thoi Layer Translator hin th trong bn v. Nu option ny khng c chn, tt c layer trong bn v s c hin th.

My tnh QuickCalc trong AutoCAD

Vi my tnh QuickCalc, mt giao din v chc nng nh my tnh b ti, bn c th thc hin tnh ton ton hc, khoa hc v hnh hc, chuyn i n v o, thao tc vi thuc tnh i tng v tnh ton biu thc.

* Tng quan chung v QuickCalc My tnh QuickCalc bao gm cc chc nng nh my tnh b ti c bn. Ngoi ra, n cn c thm cc chc nng c bit dnh cho AutoCAD nh hm hnh hc, chuyn i n v v bin.

Bm vo y xem hnh ng c.

Khng ging nh hu ht cc loi my tnh b ti, QuickCalc l mt my tnh ton cng thc. mm do hn, n khng tnh ton ngay lp tc mt kt qu khi bn nhp vo mt hm. Thay vo , bn c th hiu chnh cng thc d dng v khi bn kt thc bng cch click vo k t bng (=) hoc nhn ENTER. Sau , bn c th ly li c cng thc tnh ton t khu vc History hiu chnh v tnh ton li.

Vi QuickCals, bn c th:- Thc hin tnh ton ton hc v lng gic hc. - Truy cp v xem li cc biu thc nhp tnh li.- S dng my tnh vi bng Property hiu chnh thuc tnh ca i tng.- Chuyn i n v o.- Thc hin php ton hnh hc trn i tng c ch nh.- Copy v paste qua li gi tr v cng thc gia bng Properties vi dng lnh.- Thc hin tnh ton phn s, feet v inches- nh ngha, lu v s dng bin tnh ton.- S dng hm hnh hc t lnh CAL.

Thay i c v b mt QuickCalcClick phm more/less trn my tnh v ch hp thoi hay vng history c hin th. Bn c th s dng mi tn expand/collapse m hay ng mt vng. Bn cng c th iu khin c kch c, v tr v cch hin th ca QuickCalc.

* Truy cp QuickCAlc v hiu v hot ng ca n.S dng QuickCalc trc tip nh bn c th s dng my tnh bnh thng hoc s dng n nh mt lnh trong sut trong mt lnh khc ca CAD.

C ba cch s dng QuickCalc trong chng trnh AutoCAD:- s dng trc tip t menu, toolbar, shortcut menu v t dng lnh.- S dng trong sut trong lng mt lnh khc.- S dng trong sut t bng Property.

+ S dng QuickCalc trc tip:Khi bn s dng trc tip QuickCalc, bn c th thc hin tnh ton v i n v nh bn ang tnh vi my tnh b ti. Bn c th s dng b nh m ca Window (Ctr+C, Ctr+V) chuyn kt qu bn tnh sang phn khc ca chng trnh hoc sang chng trnh khc. Tnh ton m bn thc hin trc tip s khng nh hng hay thay i bt c th g trong bn v ca bn.

Bn c th s dng QuickCalc trc tip bng nhng cch sau:. Trn Tools menu, chn Pallettes ri chn QuickCalc. . Trn Standard Toolbar, chn phm QuickCalc.. Trn mn hnh v (khi khng c lnh ang kch hot), phi chut, ri chn QuickCalc.. Trn dng lnh Command, g quickcalc hoc qc ri nhn ENTER.

+ S dng QuickCalc trong sut trong mt lnh khc.trong mt lnh, bn c th truy cp QuickCalc trong sut bng cch sau:. Phi chut hin th shortcut menu. Chn QuickCalc.. Nhp 'quickcalc hoc 'qc trn dng lnh. Cc tnh ton m bn thc hin dng lnh c nh hng n bn v. V d khi bn s dng lnh Line, sau bn chuyn qua dng lnh QuickCalc trong sut, im tip theo ca lnh LIne s s dng kt qu ny nh l gi tr khong cch hoc ta . Trong QuickCalc, bn click vo Apply chuyn kt qu ca cng thc vo bn v.

Ch : Khi dng QuickCalc nhp gi tr khong cch tng i khi s dng lnh line, v tr chut hin ti vn c xem xt nh khi bn nhp liu trc tip t bn phm.

+ S dng QuickCalc trong sut t bng property. Khi bn mun tnh ton v s dng kt qu ca QuickCalc t bng lnh Properties, hy lm nh sau:. Chn bt c mt hp nhp liu no trn bng lnh Property, Ri click vo phm QuickCalc xut hin ngay trong hp.. Sau khi tnh ton gi tr, chuyn kt qu vo bng properties bng cch nhn phm Apply. Thuc tnh ca i tng s thay i v th hin ngay trn mn hnh.

+ Tnh ton biu thc ton hc trong hp thoi. Bn c th nhp biu thc ton hc vo hp thoi vi nh dng sau:=expression. Ch : tnh ton trong hp thoi, hy chc chn rng bin CALCINPUT c t l 1.

* Nhp, tnh ton v gi li biu thc.Nhp mt biu thc trong QuicCalc s dng cng thc ton hc chun v th t u tin (nhn chia trc - cng tr sau [ngi dch]). Xem li v ly li kt qu tnh ton t khu vc History, v hiu nguyn tc s dng n v o: chiu di, din tch v khi tch.

QuickCalc tnh ton biu thc theo th t u tin ca ton hc:. Du ngoc n trc, bt u t du ngoc n trong cng.. Cc ton t c sp xp theo th t: s m u tin, nhn chia th hai, cng tr cui cng.. Cc ton t c tnh t tri qua phi.

Hp nhp liu tnh ton l ni bn c th nhp v nhn c biu thc. Vi QuickCalc, c 2 cch nhp liu vo hp nhp liu. Bn c th nhp liu bng cch click vo cc button trn hp thoi hoc dng cc k t trn numpad (Bn phi bt NUMLOCK on).

tnh ton gi tr, click du bng trn bng s ca QuickCalc hoc nhn phm ENTER trn bn phm.

+ Hiu bit v c php ca cc biu thc.C php ca biu thc QuickCalc vi c php ca lnh CAL trn dng lnh l ging ht nhau. V d: thc hin tnh ton vector hay ta 5,2,0 bn nhp [5,2,0] vo hp nhp liu.

Bn c th dng hm GETVAR c cc gi tr ca bin h thng. C php: Getvar(bin_h_thng).

+ S dng vng History.Vng History ghi li cc kt qu tnh ton hin hnh, ging nh giy cun trong my tnh bn vt l. Bn c th s dng vng History ly li biu thc tnh ri thay i thng s v tnh li vi thng s khc.

+ Quy tc hin th v iu khin Units.

QuickCalc tn trong vi nhng nguyn tc sau:. Kt qu tnh ton lun nh dng thp phn ngoi tr mt khong cch c nhp vo bng feet hay inches.. Gi tr gc c nhp vo c xem xt theo cu hnh ca hp thoi Drawing Units. ch nh chnh xc radian, grad hay , thm r,g hay d trc gi tr ca gc.. Kt ca ca gc c tnh ton lun lun r rng v chnh xc nh AutoCAD.

Khi n v bn v c t l n v Architectural, kt qu s c hin th theo nh dng imperial (kiu o lng Anh) v c lm trn nh trong bn v. Kt qu ca cc tnh ton khc c hin th h thp phn vi cng chnh xc nh vy.

Bn c th tch feet, inches v du thp phn bng du gch ngang, khong cch hoc khng cn tch. Bn c th s dng ng thi cc nh dng n sau:5' or 60" 5'-9" or 5' 9" or 5'9" 5'-1/2" or 5' 1/2" or 5'1/2" 5'-9-1/2" or 5' 9-1/2" or 5'9-1/2" 5'-9 1/2" or 5' 9 1/2" or 5'9 1/2"

ch nh inches cho cch vit lin, nhp du nhy i (") vo. V d, thay v vit 5'9-1/2" bn nn vit 5-9-1/2.

Cnh bo: vi n v imperial, QuickCalc quan nim du gch ngang l du phn cch ch khng quan nim l du tr. ch nh du tr, phi c t nht mt du cch trc du gch ngang. V d: tr 5' cho 9", phi nhp vo 5' -9" ch khng nhp 5'-9".

Bn c th s dng QuickCalc tnh feet bnh phng hay lp phng. nhp vo feet bnh phng hay lp phng, bn phi nhp n v theo quy c:sq. ft. hoc sq ft cu. ft. hoc cu ft

* Chuyn i n v oTrong khu vc Units Conversion ca QuickCalc, bn c th c c nhiu gi tr t cc n v o khc nhau.

Chuyn i n v dnh cho gi tr chiu di, din tch, th tch v gc. Da vo kiu n v m bn chn, bn c th chn trong danh sch n v h ny sang h kia.

Gi tr chuyn i t ng hin th ti hp nhp liu. Bn cng c th nhp vo mt gi tr khc. Kt qu ca n v c chuyn sang s hin th dng Converted value.

Ch : trong hp Convert from, ch nhp vo gi tr m khng cn n v.

* To v s dng bin tnh ton.Khu vc Variables (bin) ca QuickCalc cha cc bin tnh ton m bn c th truy cp nu cn. Bin tnh ton c th l hng s hoc hm s.

Trong khu vc bin tnh ton, bn c th:. Click vo mt bin tnh ton xem cc thng tin nh gi tr, kiu, m t chi tit hp thoi pha di ca khu vc bin.. Double-click vo bin tnh ton ti n ln hp nhp liu.

Cc ton t m rng lun sn sng trn shortcut menu trong khu vc bin.

+ To mt bin tnh ton miBn c th to mi mt bin tnh ton bng shortcut menu trong khu vc bin. Khi to bin mi, hy p dng nhng quy tc sau y:. Hng s. Bt c biu thc no c nhp vo gi tr hay biu thc u c tnh ton trc khi bin tnh ton c lu. Cc bin tnh ton c nh ngha l hng s u l bin ton cc. Bn c th truy cp v s dng hng ton cc trong nhiu bn v hay phn bn v khc nhau.Edit, ma