Download pdf - Tools For Medical Apprentice Learners - Personal Learning Environments

Tools For Medical Apprentice Learners

Personal Learning Environments"

Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D."University of Iowa College of Medicine / University of Iowa Children's Hospital"

[email protected]"

www.educationalinformatics.org"www.slideshare.net/michaeldalessandro"

Disclosures"

• Nothing to disclose"

The Learning Continuum"

Data -> Information -> Knowledge - > Wisdom / Mastery" [acquired + organized] [reflected] [shared] "

Personal learning environment -> Social learning network"[focus on individual] [focus on group]"

Learning is an Apprenticeship"

"In what my be called the natural method of teaching, the student begins with the patient, continues with the patient, and ends his studies with the patient using books and lectures as tools, as means to an end." "

" " " " "- Sir William Osler"

How the Medical Apprentice Learns"•  Diagnosis"

•  Clinical skills related to experience"•  When seeing a new case you encapsulate it

in an "illness script" which you pattern match to previous cases "illness scripts" in order to diagnose"•  Case-based reasoning / Storytelling"

•  Expert is the person who can best capture, organize, and retrieve their experience (cases)"

•  Treatment"•  Work up driven by medical knowledge"

- Schmidt HG, Norman GR, Boshuizen HPA. A Cognitive Perspective on Medical Expertise: Theory and Implications. Acad Med 1990 Oct;65(10):611-21."

Future of Medical EducationLifelong Apprenticeship"

•  Connecting education to practice is best way to change physicians' knowledge / attitudes / behaviors and improve patient's care / outcomes / lives"•  ACCME, CME as a Bridge to Quality, 2006"•  Josiah Macy Foundation, Continuing Education in

the Health Professions, 2008"•  IOM, Redesigning Continuing Education in the

Health Professions, 2009"•  Molly Cooke, David M. Irby, Bridget C. O'Brien.

Educating Physicians: A Call For Reform of Medical School and Residency, Jossey-Bass, 2010"

•  Most physicians do not know how to connect their learning to their practice"•  Or how to easily acquire, organize + make

retrievable their cases + experiences"•  Purpose of this talk is to show you how to

connect your learning to your practice using a personal learning environment, learning portfolio and educational social network"

Digital Natives Medical Student of Today Is As Old As The Web"

Born 1990 = 1 Web site ~ 1992 = 10 Web sites ~ 2013 = > 1 billion Web sites"

Will receive less and less of their training in hospital ~ From 100-> 80-> 48 hour work weeks"Preferred learning environment = Web 2.0"

E-Memory System - Digitization Of Your Life"•  A digital archive of

your life"•  "Lifelogging""

•  Made possible / inevitable by"•  Most memories are

digital"•  Near-infinite space

to store them"•  Every improving

technology to recall them"

•  Captures, stores, organizes and makes retrievable your experience + reflected wisdom"

•  You become the librarian, archivist, cartographer and curator of your life"

•  Early example: www.evernote.com"

Learning Portfolio"

•  A digital archive of your medical educational life = learning diary"•  Document + store clinical questions + answers "

•  For each case"•  Question ~ Story ~ Answer ~ Impact on

Practice ~ Resources Used"•  Educational construct"

•  Case-Based Learning"•  Constructionism ~ Learning by doing / Creating

learning artifacts"

The Paradigm Shift - Post PC WorldYour Interface To The Cloud:

Mobile Phone / Tablet + Web Browser + App Store "

Android Blackberry 10 iOS Windows Mobile"

"It is now clear that the long process of connecting everyone on Earth to a global telecommunications network, which began with the invention of the telegraph in 1791, is on the verge of being completed.""

- Tom Standage, Finishing the Job (Special report on telecoms in emerging markets), The Economist, September 24, 2009"

Personal Learning Environment"

•  Composed of mobile devices, apps, and Web sites that will allow medical apprentice learners to capture, store, organize and make retrievable their medical experience"

•  Help support medical education's increasing emphasis on problem-based and case-based learning in undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education"

•  Help to focus medical learning and allow individuals to better enjoy their voyage towards medical mastery"

•  Can be used at all levels of medical education by all learners and should facilitate communication amongst and between learners at all levels"•  This usage can begin the first day of medical school and continue

throughout their career"

Personal Learning Environment"

•  System that help learners take control of and manage their own learning including providing support for learners to"•  Set their own learning goals"•  Manage their own learning - both content and process "•  Communicate with others in the process of learning"•  = summation of software programs / apps / Web sites you use "

•  Learner-centric ~ "This is what I will learn today""•  Decentralized ~ Standards are the glue that hold it together"

Seeking Answers / Decision SupportSpecialty-Specific Search Engines = "Filtered Google""

www.searchingmed.com www.searchingpediatrics.com www.searchingradiology.com"

Difference between Speciality-specific Search Engine + App for Decision Support""App helps you quickly find an answer""Speciality-specific search engine returns articles + chapters that provide context + help you learn and remember the answer, especially when coupled with learning portfolio"" "Allows you to receive CME for the answer"

Medical Student Personal Learning Environment"

Custom search engine Apps / Web sites Learning Portfolio" Librarians indirectly play a key role in this"

Pediatric Resident Personal Learning Environment"


Radiology Faculty Personal Learning Environment"


My Personal Learning Environment Results"

•  This is a way to enjoy rather than endure your 10,000 hour voyage towards expertise"

•  My learning has never been so focused, so relevant, so interesting, so meaningful, so enjoyable"

•  I have finally become a learning machine, passionately pursuing mastery of medicine"

Bloom's Taxonomy"

The Learning Continuum"

Data -> Information -> Knowledge - > Wisdom / Mastery" [acquired + organized] [reflected] [shared] "

Personal learning environment -> Social learning network"[focus on individual] [focus on group]"

For An In-Depth Discussion…"

•  Workshop Monday at 3:15 pm at MBS MR 9"•  Personal Learning Environments - Tools For Medical Apprentice

Learners"

•  Questions"•  1. Mobile devices"

•  What form factor and platform are best? "•  2. Apps and Web sites"

•  Which are most powerful and most useful? "•  3. Your data and information"

•  How do you maintain control of it, keep it secure, keep it backed up, ensure its interoperability and migrate it to future hardware and software platforms?"

•  This talk available at"•  http://www.slideshare.net/michaeldalessandro"