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Understanding DWDM
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Traffic - The Future!
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The Optical Layer as the new mux fabric
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Physical Fiber Plant
WDM Optical Network
Sonet/SDH Sonet/SDH
ATM
ATM
IP
IP IP
IP
WDM multiplexing technology:The basis for Optical Networking
new layer is born: the Optical Layer
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Broadband ApplicationsBroadband Applications
IPIP
ATMATM
SDH / SONETSDH / SONET
Photonic layer: WDMPhotonic layer: WDM
The mainstream viewNew proposals
Future Broadband Network Layers
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U S A7 4 %
E u r o p e1 8 %
J a p a n / P a c R i m8 %
R O W
0 %
Geographical Distribution of DWDM Technology 1996/1997
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U S A5 4 %
E u r o p e
2 5 %
J a p a n / P a c R i m1 4 %
R O W
7 %
Geographical Distribution of DWDM Technology 2001/2002
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1310 nm/1550 nm TDM point-to-point connections with opto-electrical regenerators
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Classic WDM point-to-point connection with opto-electrical regenerators
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OFA basics
TDM point-to-point connections with optical fiber amplifiers (OFAs)
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Transmission of multiple channels using WDM systems with 8, 16, 32, ... channels (multiplexing of 2.5 Gbit/s signals)
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Power levels of the individual carriers• to ensure even power distribution over the entire bandwidth• to notice immediately whether any channels have dropped outChannel wavelength / Channel spacing• to indicate possible wavelength shifts for individual laser sources Signal-to-noise ratio• to ensure that error-free transmission is possible in each data channelOverall power• to check the optical fiber amplifiers of the system• to check against safety limit of currently +17 dBmCrosstalk• to provide a quality indication for the system components (couplers, ...)
DWDM test parameters
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DWDM spectrum and corresponding test parameters
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WDM
WDM
T X
T X
T X
T X
1
n
O S A -1 5 5
1...
n
1...
n
O F A
1
n
R X
R X
R X
R X
O F A
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
DWDM measurements with an optical spectrum analyzer
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W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
OFA monitor output: 8 data signals and ASE spurious spectrum
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DWDM system with the recommended reference test points from ITU-T Rec. G.692
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100 GHz channel grid in the range 1530 to 1565 nm from ITU-T Rec. G.692
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Possible system wavelengths in the ITU-T 100 GHz channel grid
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RX RX TX TX
1 n. ..
1
n
WDM
WDM
O FA
1.. .
n
O FA
O S A -1 5 5
1. ..
n
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a in
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
Optical add/drop multiplexing principleand monitoring of system parameters
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Optical add/drop multiplexing principle and monitoring of system parameters
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4-channel DWDM signal with characteristic noise floors and ASE spurious spectrum
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Superimposition of the actual data signal and accumulated noise and incorrect interpretation of S/N measurements
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WDM
WDM
T X
T X
T X
T X
1
n
O S A -1 5 5
A N T-2 0
1...
n
1...
n
i
O F A
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
1
n
R X
R X
R X
R X
O F A
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
Quality monitoring in DWDM systems
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Channel-No. Actual
Power / -stability S/N / -stability
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
Cyclical recording and stability measurement of
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Due to the irregular gain/wavelength response of todays EDFAs cascading
of optical amplifiers result in power shifts !
To minimize crosstalk effects ( Rx side) of each
DWDM channel powerequalization becomes necessary. W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
Spectrum analysis and power leveladjustment in DWDM systems
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Quality monitoring through wavelength-selective bit error analysis (automatic evaluation of bit error histograms)
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New portable DWDM System Analyzer for 50 GHz/0.4 nm and higher spaced optical DWDM systems with up to 256 channels
DWDM System AnalyzerOSA-155
WDM
T X
T X
T X
T X
1
n
1...
n
O F AO F A
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OSA-155WDM-channel-selector
for in-depth system analysis
DWDM System Analyzer OSA-155
Complete Solution: OSA-155 + ANT-20 + CATS Optics
Recommended
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