Download ppt - Using Sources in your Work: A Tutorial on Avoiding Plagiarism

Using Sources in your Work:Using Sources in your Work:A Tutorial on Avoiding PlagiarismA Tutorial on Avoiding Plagiarism

Agenda for TutorialAgenda for Tutorial Read three sample situations. Determine if Read three sample situations. Determine if

the student was ethical in his or her use of a the student was ethical in his or her use of a source.source.

Learn more about how to avoid plagiarism.Learn more about how to avoid plagiarism.

Take a quiz to verify your understanding.Take a quiz to verify your understanding.

Pledge that you will not plagiarize.Pledge that you will not plagiarize.

Let’s look at some Let’s look at some hypothetical situations.hypothetical situations.

For each, identify if the student For each, identify if the student used his or her sources acceptably. used his or her sources acceptably.

Jack’s SituationJack’s SituationJack has an English paper due tomorrow. He Jack has an English paper due tomorrow. He

read the book and paid attention during read the book and paid attention during class, but he has no idea what to write class, but he has no idea what to write about.about.

Jack logs onto the Internet “just to get some Jack logs onto the Internet “just to get some ideas about topics for his paper.”ideas about topics for his paper.”

He finds a great idea and begins writing his He finds a great idea and begins writing his paper using the topic he found. He is very paper using the topic he found. He is very careful to avoid copying any text or words careful to avoid copying any text or words from the Internet article he found.from the Internet article he found.

Is this plagiarism? Yes No

You must choose from the blue You must choose from the blue buttons at the bottom of the page.buttons at the bottom of the page.

Read the situation and then choose Read the situation and then choose one of the options presented.one of the options presented.

Click here to return to previous slide

You said…You said…Jack did plagiarize.Jack did plagiarize.

You are right.You are right. Jack’s actions constitute Jack’s actions constitute plagiarism.plagiarism.• Jack is committing plagiarism by taking Jack is committing plagiarism by taking

the ideas of the source without citing the ideas of the source without citing them in the paper.them in the paper.

• Even though he put the ideas in his own Even though he put the ideas in his own words, Jack is stealing the intellectual words, Jack is stealing the intellectual property of the source.property of the source.

You are wrong.You are wrong. Jack’s actions constitute Jack’s actions constitute plagiarism.plagiarism.• Jack is committing plagiarism by taking the Jack is committing plagiarism by taking the

ideas of the source without citing them in the ideas of the source without citing them in the paper.paper.

• Even though he put the ideas in his own words, Even though he put the ideas in his own words, Jack is stealing the intellectual property of the Jack is stealing the intellectual property of the source. You are wrong. Jack’s actions source. You are wrong. Jack’s actions constitute plagiarism.constitute plagiarism.

• He could avoid plagiarism if he cites the source He could avoid plagiarism if he cites the source of the ideas in his paper.of the ideas in his paper.

You said…You said…Jack did not plagiarize.Jack did not plagiarize.

Jill’s SituationJill’s SituationDuring history class, Jill is asked to find During history class, Jill is asked to find

some background on Fidel Castro’s some background on Fidel Castro’s rise to power. rise to power.

Jill does a Google search and arrives at Jill does a Google search and arrives at Wikipedia’s article on Fidel Castro. Wikipedia’s article on Fidel Castro. Without using quotation marks, Jill Without using quotation marks, Jill cuts and pastes several sentences cuts and pastes several sentences from Wikipedia into her assignment. from Wikipedia into her assignment.





You said…You said…Jill did plagiarize.Jill did plagiarize.

You are right.You are right. Jill’s actions constitute Jill’s actions constitute plagiarism.plagiarism.• By taking the words from the Wikipedia By taking the words from the Wikipedia

article, Jill is committing plagiarism.article, Jill is committing plagiarism.• She can avoid plagiarizing if she quotes She can avoid plagiarizing if she quotes

the article in her assignment and the article in her assignment and includes an entry describing the source includes an entry describing the source in a bibliography at the end of her in a bibliography at the end of her paper.paper.

You are wrong.You are wrong. Jill’s actions constitute Jill’s actions constitute plagiarism.plagiarism.• By taking the words from the Wikipedia By taking the words from the Wikipedia

article, Jill is committing plagiarism.article, Jill is committing plagiarism.• She can avoid plagiarizing if she quotes She can avoid plagiarizing if she quotes

the article in her assignment and the article in her assignment and includes an entry describing the source includes an entry describing the source in a bibliography at the end of her in a bibliography at the end of her paper.paper.

You said…You said…Jill did not plagiarize.Jill did not plagiarize.

Gretel’s SituationGretel’s SituationGretel is a freshman who feels Gretel is a freshman who feels

overwhelmed by the high school. overwhelmed by the high school. When her science teacher assigns a When her science teacher assigns a short worksheet on genetics, Gretel short worksheet on genetics, Gretel is confused and frustrated. is confused and frustrated.

During lunch, Gretel “borrows” her During lunch, Gretel “borrows” her friend’s paper and copies the friend’s paper and copies the answers onto her own paper.answers onto her own paper.





You said…You said…Gretel did plagiarize.Gretel did plagiarize.

You are right.You are right. Gretel’s actions Gretel’s actions constitute plagiarism.constitute plagiarism.• Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission

for Gretel to copy her work, it is still for Gretel to copy her work, it is still plagiarism.plagiarism.

• Gretel is guilty of plagiarism. She tried Gretel is guilty of plagiarism. She tried to take credit for the words and ideas of to take credit for the words and ideas of another person. another person.

You are wrong.You are wrong. Gretel’s actions Gretel’s actions constitute plagiarism.constitute plagiarism.• Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission Even if Gretel’s friend gave permission

for Gretel to copy her work, it is still for Gretel to copy her work, it is still plagiarism.plagiarism.

• Gretel tried to take credit for the words Gretel tried to take credit for the words and ideas of another person. and ideas of another person.

You said…You said…Gretel did not plagiarize.Gretel did not plagiarize.

Think you’ve got it?Think you’ve got it?

Read the following…Read the following…(and remember, there will be a short quiz on this material!)(and remember, there will be a short quiz on this material!)

Direct QuotationDirect Quotation

ParaphraseParaphrase• Includes summarizing and referencing the Includes summarizing and referencing the

works of others within your paper or projectworks of others within your paper or project

There are two acceptable waysThere are two acceptable ways to use sources: to use sources:

Direct QuotationDirect Quotation• What it is:What it is:

The exact words of an author used word for word in The exact words of an author used word for word in your paper or project.your paper or project.

• When to use it:When to use it: The exact phrasing of the source suits your needs.The exact phrasing of the source suits your needs. You want to use the source’s exact words—even You want to use the source’s exact words—even

just a particular apt or unusual phrase.just a particular apt or unusual phrase.

• How to use it:How to use it: Copy the exact words of the source, putting those Copy the exact words of the source, putting those

words inside quotation marks.words inside quotation marks. Put a citation at the end of the quotation indicating Put a citation at the end of the quotation indicating

the page number.the page number. At the end of your paper, include a bibliographic At the end of your paper, include a bibliographic

entry on a page that lists your references.entry on a page that lists your references.


ParaphraseParaphrase• What it is:What it is:

Using your own words to restate the source’s idea. This could be Using your own words to restate the source’s idea. This could be a summary of the source’s point, a brief mention of the source’s a summary of the source’s point, a brief mention of the source’s findings, or a longer restatement of the source’s idea. findings, or a longer restatement of the source’s idea.

• Use paraphrase when:Use paraphrase when: The exact phrasing of the source is too technical, too wordy, etc. The exact phrasing of the source is too technical, too wordy, etc. You want to present the source’s idea in a more compact, You want to present the source’s idea in a more compact,

focused wayfocused way

• How to use it:How to use it: Before the paraphrase, introduce the source. This will show Before the paraphrase, introduce the source. This will show

where the paraphrase begins.where the paraphrase begins. Use your own words to restate the meaning of the source. This Use your own words to restate the meaning of the source. This

means you change words, structure, and syntax. You do not means you change words, structure, and syntax. You do not merely substitute synonyms for the source’s original phrasing.merely substitute synonyms for the source’s original phrasing.

Put a citation at the end of the quotation indicating the page Put a citation at the end of the quotation indicating the page number or source.number or source.

Include a bibliographic entry on a reference page atInclude a bibliographic entry on a reference page atthe end of your paper or project.the end of your paper or project.


Testing your understanding…Testing your understanding…

Can you tell the difference between a Can you tell the difference between a direct quotation and a paraphrase?direct quotation and a paraphrase?

Click on the correct answer for each of Click on the correct answer for each of the following samples.the following samples.

Direct Quotation vs. ParaphraseDirect Quotation vs. ParaphraseModel #1Model #1

In his book on Google’s business In his book on Google’s business strategy, John Battelle states, “…strategy, John Battelle states, “…Google had more than its finger on the Google had more than its finger on the pulse of our culture, it was directly pulse of our culture, it was directly jacked into the culture’s nervous jacked into the culture’s nervous system” (2). system” (2).

This is an example ofDIRECT QUOTATION

This is an example ofPARAPHRASE

You must choose from the buttons You must choose from the buttons at the bottom of the page.at the bottom of the page.



ParaphraseParaphrase

Sorry, no. You are incorrect.Sorry, no. You are incorrect.

The student did not paraphrase--she The student did not paraphrase--she used a direct quotation. The quotation used a direct quotation. The quotation marks give it away:marks give it away:In his book on Google’s business strategy, John In his book on Google’s business strategy, John Battelle states: “…Google had more than its finger Battelle states: “…Google had more than its finger on the pulse of our culture, it was directly jacked on the pulse of our culture, it was directly jacked into the culture’s nervous system” (2). into the culture’s nervous system” (2).


Easy, right? If you see quotation Easy, right? If you see quotation marks, it is a direct quotation.marks, it is a direct quotation.

Any time you use the exact words of Any time you use the exact words of a source, you must surround them in a source, you must surround them in quotation marks and indicate the quotation marks and indicate the source.source.


Battelle’s argument is based on a Battelle’s argument is based on a memo written by Google CEO Eric memo written by Google CEO Eric Schmidt. The memo reveals that Schmidt. The memo reveals that Google was focusing its attention on Google was focusing its attention on corporate marketing budgets (153). corporate marketing budgets (153).



You must choose from the green You must choose from the green buttons at the bottom of the page.buttons at the bottom of the page.




Good job! Sample #2 was a Good job! Sample #2 was a paraphrase.paraphrase.

Anytime a student rewrites a source’s Anytime a student rewrites a source’s idea into his or her own words, the idea into his or her own words, the user must give the source credit. This user must give the source credit. This is paraphrasing.is paraphrasing.


No. Read it again:No. Read it again:Battelle’s argument is based on a memo written by Google Battelle’s argument is based on a memo written by Google CEO Eric Schmidt. The memo reveals that Google was CEO Eric Schmidt. The memo reveals that Google was focusing its attention on corporate marketing budgets (153).focusing its attention on corporate marketing budgets (153).

That example is a paraphrase. That example is a paraphrase.

You should know because the student You should know because the student did not include quotation marks; she did not include quotation marks; she rephrased the original into her own rephrased the original into her own written style; and she cited the source.written style; and she cited the source.


As he explains the importance of choosing As he explains the importance of choosing the best searchable keywords to allow the best searchable keywords to allow others to find a website, Battelle presents a others to find a website, Battelle presents a comparison to the Greek story of comparison to the Greek story of The The OdysseyOdyssey, “Is [being known to a wide , “Is [being known to a wide audience] not what every person longs for—audience] not what every person longs for—what Odysseus chose over Kalypso’s what Odysseus chose over Kalypso’s nameless immortality—to die, but to be nameless immortality—to die, but to be known forever?” (284). known forever?” (284).



You must choose from the green You must choose from the green buttons at the bottom of the page.buttons at the bottom of the page.




You are incorrect. The example was You are incorrect. The example was a direct quotation. Look at it again:a direct quotation. Look at it again:

In explaining the importance of searchable In explaining the importance of searchable functions, Battelle reveals his insight into the heart functions, Battelle reveals his insight into the heart of mankind, “Is that not what every person longs forof mankind, “Is that not what every person longs for—what Odysseus chose over Kalypso’s nameless —what Odysseus chose over Kalypso’s nameless immortality—to die, but to be known forever?” immortality—to die, but to be known forever?” (284). (284).

The student included quotation The student included quotation marks, indicating that he used the marks, indicating that he used the exact words of the original source. exact words of the original source. Therefore, it is a direct quotation.Therefore, it is a direct quotation.


Correct! Correct! The use of the exact words of the The use of the exact words of the

source makes it a direct quotation.source makes it a direct quotation. The student shows readers that it is The student shows readers that it is

a direct quotation by using quotation a direct quotation by using quotation marks.marks.

Additionally, he provides information Additionally, he provides information to help the reader identify the to help the reader identify the source.source.

So, you know the difference So, you know the difference between a direct quotation between a direct quotation

and a paraphrase…and a paraphrase…

Now what?Now what?

Definition of PlagiarismDefinition of Plagiarism Plagiarism is:Plagiarism is:

• To steal the words or ideas of another To steal the words or ideas of another personperson

• To pass off the words or ideas of another To pass off the words or ideas of another person as one’s ownperson as one’s own

Further:Further:• It does not matter whether the theft of It does not matter whether the theft of

words or ideas is intentional or words or ideas is intentional or accidental.accidental.

• Either way, it is plagiarism.Either way, it is plagiarism.

Why should you bother?Why should you bother?

Four good reasons for citing sources in your work:

• Citing reliable information gives credibility to your work.

• Cheating is unethical behavior.

• It is only fair to give credit to the source—otherwise, you are stealing the source’s ideas.

• The consequences are severe—plagiarism is not worth the risk.

You probably have two You probably have two questions:questions:

(1)(1) What do I need to cite?What do I need to cite?

(2)(2) How do I cite? How do I cite?

Read on for the answers…Read on for the answers…

What do I need to cite?What do I need to cite?

This chart will This chart will help you help you decide what decide what must be cited.must be cited.• It was created by It was created by

Robert A. Harris in Robert A. Harris in The Plagiarism The Plagiarism Handbook.Handbook.

Did youthink of

it?

No.

Yes.

Is itcommon

knowledge?

No.

Yes.

Cite it. Do not cite it.

So—the rule is:So—the rule is:

If you created it,If you created it,you do not need you do not need to cite the source.to cite the source.

If you did not If you did not create the create the content, you must content, you must cite the source.cite the source.

Did youthink of

it?

No.

Yes.

Is itcommon

knowledge?

No.

Yes.


The one exception to The one exception to that rule is for “common that rule is for “common knowledge.”knowledge.”

You do not need to cite You do not need to cite the source of an the source of an unoriginal piece of unoriginal piece of information IF:information IF:

(1) an educated person (1) an educated person should know the should know the information, information,

OROR

(2) it is a provable fact (2) it is a provable fact that could be found in a that could be found in a general encyclopedia.general encyclopedia.

Did youthink of

it?

No.

Yes.

Is itcommon

knowledge?

No.

Yes.


So, you don’t need to cite a fact, So, you don’t need to cite a fact,

but you must cite the source of opinions but you must cite the source of opinions and ideas that are not your own.and ideas that are not your own.

And, you must cite any time you use the exact And, you must cite any time you use the exact words of the source—even if the words are words of the source—even if the words are

presenting common knowledge.presenting common knowledge.

So, you don’t need to cite a fact, So, you don’t need to cite a fact, for example: Ayn Rand wrote for example: Ayn Rand wrote AnthemAnthem..

OR OR Ayn Rand was born in 1905.Ayn Rand was born in 1905.

but you must cite the source of opinions but you must cite the source of opinions and ideas that are not your own.and ideas that are not your own.

for example: Dorothy Gale believed that for example: Dorothy Gale believed that Anthem Anthem is an inspiring story (75).is an inspiring story (75). OR OR

According to Joe Smith, Equality 7-2521 represents the human spirit (15)According to Joe Smith, Equality 7-2521 represents the human spirit (15)..

And, you must cite any time you use the exact And, you must cite any time you use the exact words of the source—even if the words are words of the source—even if the words are

presenting common knowledge.presenting common knowledge.

You must always cite the source of ANY direct quotation.You must always cite the source of ANY direct quotation.

Take one Take one more look more look at this at this chart!chart!

If the idea and If the idea and the words are the words are yours, you do yours, you do not need to cite.not need to cite.

Did youthink of

it?

No.

Yes.

Is itcommon

knowledge?

No.

Yes.


So, let’s check to see that you So, let’s check to see that you understand when you need to cite understand when you need to cite the source and when you don’t…the source and when you don’t…

Answer the following questions and Answer the following questions and choose the correct answer.choose the correct answer.

Test Case #1

Jack isn’t sure if he needs to cite the source of the Jack isn’t sure if he needs to cite the source of the information below. He found the fact online. information below. He found the fact online.

““Abraham Lincoln was our 16Abraham Lincoln was our 16thth president.” president.”

What do you think? What should Jack do? Pick one of What do you think? What should Jack do? Pick one of the answers below.the answers below.

Cite the source.This means he will:(1) Either:

a) Surround with quotation marks, orb) Put the quotation into his own words,

changing the syntax, structure, & organization

(2) Include a lead-in giving the source’s name,

(3) Give the page number, and

(4) List the source in a bibliography

Do not cite thesource.This means that the information is a commonly reported fact. It is generally known and available from many sources.

(1) Jack should verify the information in at least two sources, then

(2) Jack will write the well-knowninformation in his own words.




You are incorrect.You are incorrect.In this case, In this case,

citation is not necessary.citation is not necessary. Jack does not need to cite the source Jack does not need to cite the source

of quote the information because it is of quote the information because it is general knowledge.general knowledge.

Because Abraham Lincoln’s status as Because Abraham Lincoln’s status as the 16the 16thth President of the US is a fact President of the US is a fact that is verifiable in many places, Jack that is verifiable in many places, Jack can use the information without can use the information without citation.citation.

You are correct!You are correct!Jack does not need to cite this Jack does not need to cite this

information.information. Jack does not need to cite the source Jack does not need to cite the source

of quote the information because it is of quote the information because it is general knowledge.general knowledge.

Because Abraham Lincoln’s status as Because Abraham Lincoln’s status as the 16the 16thth President of the US is a fact President of the US is a fact that is verifiable in many places, Jack that is verifiable in many places, Jack can use the information without can use the information without citation.citation.

Test Case #2

In her paper on Affirmative Action, Jill found one source explaining In her paper on Affirmative Action, Jill found one source explaining that Affirmative Action “evens the field of play by wreaking equity that Affirmative Action “evens the field of play by wreaking equity on all players.” on all players.”

In her paper, Jill uses the phrase “wreaking equity” but she puts In her paper, Jill uses the phrase “wreaking equity” but she puts all the other parts of the source into her own words. all the other parts of the source into her own words.

What should Jill do? Pick one of the answers below.What should Jill do? Pick one of the answers below.

Cite the source.

This means she will:(1) Either:

a) Surround with quotation marks, orb) Put the quotation into her own words,





Not cite the source.

This means that the information is generally known and available from multiple sources.

(1) Jill should verify the information in at least two sources, then

(2) Jill will write the well-knowninformation in his own words.

(3) Jill should make a bibliographic citationfor use on her Works Consulted page.




You are correct!You are correct!Jill must cite this information.Jill must cite this information.

Jill needs to cite the source of the Jill needs to cite the source of the paraphrase because the idea belongs paraphrase because the idea belongs to the source.to the source.

Further, because Jill uses the unique Further, because Jill uses the unique phrase “wreaking equity,” she must phrase “wreaking equity,” she must include that phrase in quotation include that phrase in quotation marks, indicating that it is a direct marks, indicating that it is a direct quotation from the source.quotation from the source.

You are incorrect.You are incorrect.In this case, citation is necessary.In this case, citation is necessary.

Jill needs to cite the source of the Jill needs to cite the source of the paraphrase because the idea belongs paraphrase because the idea belongs to the source.to the source.

Further, because Jill uses the unique Further, because Jill uses the unique phrase “wreaking equity,” she must phrase “wreaking equity,” she must include that phrase in quotation include that phrase in quotation marks, indicating that it is a direct marks, indicating that it is a direct quotation from the source.quotation from the source.

Test Case #3

Gretel found a very helpful article in an online Gretel found a very helpful article in an online database. She very carefully made sure that she database. She very carefully made sure that she rewrote the content of the article using her own rewrote the content of the article using her own personal style; she changed the author’s syntax and personal style; she changed the author’s syntax and organization so that it fit seamlessly into her paper.organization so that it fit seamlessly into her paper.

What should Gretel do?What should Gretel do?

Cite the source.

This means she will:(1) Either:

a) Surround with quotation marks, orb) Put the quotation into his own words,





Not cite the source.

This means that the information is generally known and available from multiple sources.

(1) Gretel should verify the information in at least two sources, then

(2) Gretel will write the well-knowninformation in his own words.

(3) Gretel must include a bibliographic citationon her Works Consulted page.




You are correct.You are correct.In this case, citation is required.In this case, citation is required.

Gretel paraphrases the source’s idea Gretel paraphrases the source’s idea and content. She must give credit to and content. She must give credit to the source.the source.

She must provide her audience with She must provide her audience with the source of the idea that she the source of the idea that she borrowed.borrowed.

You are incorrect!You are incorrect!Gretel must cite the source of this Gretel must cite the source of this

information, even though she put it information, even though she put it in her own words.in her own words.

Gretel paraphrases the ideas of the Gretel paraphrases the ideas of the source, so she must cite the identity source, so she must cite the identity of the source.of the source.

Gretel must provide her audience Gretel must provide her audience with the source of the material that with the source of the material that she borrowed.she borrowed.

So, you can identify what So, you can identify what must have a citation…must have a citation…

Now you need to know Now you need to know how to use and cite a how to use and cite a

source!source!

How to Cite a SourceHow to Cite a Source It’s easy. Just provide your audience with It’s easy. Just provide your audience with

the source of any ideas or words that are the source of any ideas or words that are not your own. not your own.

• First, carefully mark the beginning and end of First, carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s words or ideas.the source’s words or ideas.

• Then, provide a bibliography to show where the Then, provide a bibliography to show where the borrowed material originated.borrowed material originated.

In fact, listing your sources shows your In fact, listing your sources shows your audience that you are an informed, well audience that you are an informed, well researched writer!researched writer!

How to Cite Direct QuotationsHow to Cite Direct Quotations Provide a bibliographic entry to show where the Provide a bibliographic entry to show where the

borrowed material originated.borrowed material originated. Park, Beth L. Park, Beth L. Understanding Ayn Rand’s Understanding Ayn Rand’s AnthemAnthem. . Lebo Lebo

University Press: Pittsburgh, 2008. University Press: Pittsburgh, 2008.

Carefully mark the beginning and end of the Carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s words or idea.source’s words or idea.• Use a Use a signal phrasesignal phrase to introduce the source. to introduce the source.• Use Use quotation marksquotation marks to surround the words of the source. to surround the words of the source.• Provide Provide the page numberthe page number (or another citation) after the (or another citation) after the

closing quotation marks.closing quotation marks.

EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE:According to literary critic Beth L. Parks, Equality 7-2521 finds peace through “his search for the height of his own potential” (24).

How to Cite ParaphrasesHow to Cite Paraphrases Provide a bibliographic entry to show where the borrowed Provide a bibliographic entry to show where the borrowed

material originated.material originated. Park, Beth L. Park, Beth L. Understanding Ayn Rand’s Understanding Ayn Rand’s AnthemAnthem. . Lebo University Lebo University

Press: Pittsburgh, 2008. Press: Pittsburgh, 2008.

Carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s words or Carefully mark the beginning and end of the source’s words or idea.idea.• Use a Use a signal phrasesignal phrase to introduce the source to introduce the source• Put the source’s original words into your own words:Put the source’s original words into your own words:

It isn’t just about using synonyms to replace words.It isn’t just about using synonyms to replace words. You must change the syntax, sentence structure, and organization of You must change the syntax, sentence structure, and organization of

the original.the original. If you find yourself just changing a word here or there, ask yourself if a If you find yourself just changing a word here or there, ask yourself if a

direct quotation would work. If it would work, then use a direct direct quotation would work. If it would work, then use a direct quotation.quotation.

• Provide Provide the page numberthe page number (or another citation) after the closing (or another citation) after the closing quotation marks. quotation marks.

EXAMPLE:According to literary critic Beth L. Parks, Equality 7-2521 separates himself from the society by striving to improvethe world around him (24).

It can be said in a bunch of It can be said in a bunch of different ways…different ways…

Mark the

boundaries


Mark the

boundaries

Bracket the

borrowed


Mark the

boundariesFence the borders

Bracket the

borrowed


Mark the

boundaries

Enclose the borrowed

Fence the borders

Bracket the

borrowed


Mark the

boundaries

Frame theusage


Fence the borders

Bracket the

borrowed


Mark the

boundaries

Frame theusage


Fence the borders

Surroundthe usage

Bracket the

borrowed

But, they all mean the same thing…Provide a clear indication

of any words or ideas that are not your own.


Mark the

boundaries

Frame theusage


Fence the borders

Circumscribe the usage

Bracket the

borrowed

Sources CitedSources Cited

Harris, Robert A. Harris, Robert A. The Plagiarism The Plagiarism Handbook: Strategies for Preventing, Handbook: Strategies for Preventing, Detecting, and Dealing with Detecting, and Dealing with PlagiarismPlagiarism. Pyrczak Publishing: Los . Pyrczak Publishing: Los Angeles, 2001.Angeles, 2001.

Works ConsultedWorks Consulted

DeSena, Laura Hennessey. DeSena, Laura Hennessey. Preventing Plagiarism: Preventing Plagiarism: Tips and TechniquesTips and Techniques.. National Council of National Council of Teachers of English: Urbana, IL, 2007.Teachers of English: Urbana, IL, 2007.

Valenza, Joyce Kasman. “What is Plagiarism? (And Valenza, Joyce Kasman. “What is Plagiarism? (And Why You Should Care).” Why You Should Care).” Springfield High School Springfield High School Media Center Information Literacy LessonsMedia Center Information Literacy Lessons. . Springfield School District. Springfield School District.

End of presentation.End of presentation.