VCE Physical EducationUnit 2 Revision
MSC. James Stevens, 2008
The Musculoskeletal System
• Major bones• Bone classification• Major skeletal muscles• Characteristics and functions of skeletal
muscles• Nerves and Muscles• Skeletal muscle contraction
MSC. James Stevens, 2008
The Cardio-Respiratory System• Structure of heart• Heart function – 2 circuits• Structure of lungs• Respiration and exercise - definitions• Mechanics of breathing• Gaseous exchange• Blood vessels• Blood flow around the body at rest and during exercise• Acute responses• Chronic responses
MSC. James Stevens, 2008
Energy Systems: An introduction
• ATP-PC system• Lactic acid system• Aerobic system• Food fuels• Contribution of energy systems to various
activities• Energy system interplay• Anaerobic vs Aerobic glycolysis
MSC. James Stevens, 2008
Health benefits of PA
• Health related fitness components• Skill related fitness components• Health related benefits – physical• Health related benefits – psychological• Physical, Social, Emotional benefits of physical
activity
MSC. James Stevens, 2008
Physical activity across the lifespan
• Participation trends across the lifespan - Age• Participation trends - Gender• General participation trends• Socioeconomic / Social class status• Motivation / Influence on initial involvement in
PA• Motivation / Influence on continued involvement
in PA• Factors influencing non-involvement
MSC. James Stevens, 2008
Health consequences of Physical Inactivity
• Poor mental health• Type 2 diabetes• Obesity• Cardiovascular Disease – Hypertension, High
blood cholesterol• Other health conditions – arthritis,
rheumatism, asthma, osteoporosis, posture
MSC. James Stevens, 2008
Understanding factors influencing participation in PA and the Stages of Change model
Determinants of PA – ADULTS• Individual factors – gender, age, BMI, hereditary, self-
efficacy, education, intentions to exercise, perceived barriers, activity history, dietary habits, smoking
• Environmental factors – (social) physician influence, social support, dog ownership, (physical) climate / season, urbanisation and region
Determinants of PA of children and adolescents• Individual factors – gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status
(SES), BMI, depression, self-efficacy, enjoyment of PA• Environmental factors – family structure, parental
modelling, parental support, peer support, time spent outdoors, access to activity equipment, play spaces
MSC. James Stevens, 2008
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