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環境遮蔽，間接光，相互反射
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ÈVĝóĸ(Ambient Occlusion) • ÈV'�
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E p,n( ) = LA cosθi dωi = π LAΩ∫
E p,n( ) = LA v p, l( )cosθi dωiΩ∫
v p, l( ) = 01{
kA p( ) =1π
v p, l( )cosθi dωiΩ∫ E p,n( ) = kA p( )π LA
6
ÈVĝó���
p0 ŚÈVĝó��ĸkA śĹp1 ŦŨ�ľ�
]ľÒ>śĝóʼnŪŘľĹ�GŚsP ĸ(bent normal)
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Lo v( ) =cdiffπ
⊗ kAπ LA + v lk( )ELk cosθikk=1
n
∑#
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π LA + v lk( ) f lk,v( )⊗ ELk cosθikk=1
n
∑
nbent =v l( ) lcosθi dωiΩ∫v l( ) lcosθi dωiΩ∫
8
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• bent normal nbent ŭ�ÊōũUE�
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⊗ Eind + kind ELkk=1
n
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&
'(+ v lk( ) f lk,v( )⊗ ELk cosθik
k=1
n
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⊗ Eind + kind ELk cos "θikk=1
n
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kA =1π
ρ l( )cosθi dωiΩ∫ld
dmax
ρ(l) = dmaxd
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LiLo
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ÈVĝóŚ:ÍŘĂà�
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Volumetric Obscurance�
19
Luft ŧŚ�±�• Image Enhancement by Unsharp Masking the Depth Buffer • SIGGRAPH 2006
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M = F−1S 1,−1,1( )F
n = 0,1, 0( )⇓
M = T p( )S 1,−1,1( )T −p( )
27
Environment Map Bump Mapping ƎƢƓƖƇƐƢź� ÈVƖƇƓƎƢƓƖƇƐƢź�
28
l��
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ƁƌƟŚ±4�n1 sin θ1( ) = n2 sin θ2( )
t = ri+ w− k( )nr = n1 n2w = − i ⋅n( )n
k = 1+ w− r( ) w+ r( )
t = −cn+ ic ≈1.0
surface
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