20150904 Edanz Chiba

Trevor Lane, PhD Senior Editor, Edanz

Graduate School of Nursing, Chiba University

4 September 2015

Publishing Your Research & Increasing Your Research Impact

Be an effective communicator

Your goal should be not only to publish, but also to be widely read and cited

Choose the best journal

Logically organize your ideas

Clearly communicate your ideas

Journal selection

Section 1

Journal selection What editors want (1)

State conflicts of interest

No plagiarism or redundancy

Clear author contributions

No fabrication or falsification

Consequences of unethical behavior

• Unable to publish • Loss of employment

Always follow ethics guidelines

Study design/data analysis, Writing, Approval, Responsibility

Financial, Personal


Always follow ethics guidelines

Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)

Good Publication Practice 3 (GPP3)

International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)


Declare in your cover letter…

Not submitted to other journals

Funding, donations

All authors agree and contributed

Original and unpublished

State potential conflicts of interest

Research ethics

For clinical journals: authorship, COI, consent, CONSORT, copyright

Journal selection

Increase impact

High quality research

Well reported Engaging…

Original and novel research

Well-designed study Logically organized

Real-world applications

What editors want (3)

“Impact Factor” = No. citations ÷ No. articles

Journal selection Factors to consider when choosing a journal

v

Aims & scope, Readership

Publication speed/frequency

Online/Print Open access

Indexing, Rank Impact factor

Acceptance rate/criteria

Article type / evidence level

Evaluate all factors of potential journals

Traditional / Megajournal Online first, Supplemental materials, Cost

Fast track

Journal selection Choose your journal first!

Author guidelines • Manuscript structure • Word limits, References • Author rights

Aims and scope • Topics • Readership • Be sure to emphasize

• Check relevant references • Check originality, importance

& usefulness!

Journal selection

• Not addressing relevant questions • Incomplete literature review • Inappropriate methodology • Incomplete reporting • Registered clinical trials but unpublished

Avoid research waste

~85% of biomedical research is waste

Lancet 2009; 374: 86–89

Journal selection Research with impact

1. Read primary literature

2. Identify trends: reviews, editorials, theme issues, Calls for papers

3. Identify an important question, gap in knowledge/evidence, incomplete answer

• Do you have the expertise/resources? • What is new? How is it useful? • Is the question focused?

Journal selection Evaluating impact

How new are your findings? Low or high impact journal

Novelty

Develop new material as a catalyst/enzyme, or a new method • Medium to high impact factor journal Improve efficiency of catalyst/enzyme, or improve a method • Low to medium impact factor journal

Assess your findings objectively

Journal selection

How broadly relevant are your findings? International/regional & general/specialized

Relevance

Applicable only to Asia • Regional journal is more appropriate Applicable worldwide • International journal is more appropriate (emphasize this)


Evaluating impact

Journal selection

How broadly relevant are your findings? International/regional & general/specialized

Relevance

Applicable only to specific field • Specialized journal is more appropriate Applicable to other fields • Broad-focused journal is more appropriate (emphasize this)


Evaluating impact

Journal selection Publication success = Academic success

S

Publication Metrics and Success on the Academic Job Market van Dijk et al. Current Biology. 2014; 24: R516-R517.

• >25,000 researchers in PubMed • Determined which factors positively correlated

with academic success

• Number of publications • Impact factor of the journal • Number of citations • University ranking • Gender

Journal selection Journal Selector www.edanzediting.co.jp/journal_selector

Insert your proposed abstract or keywords

Journal selection

Matching journals

Journal Selector www.edanzediting.co.jp/journal_selector

Filter by: • Field of study • Impact factor • Open access • Publishing

frequency

Journal’s aims & scope, IF,

and publication frequency

Journal selection Journal Selector www.edanzediting.co.jp/journal_selector

• Author guidelines • Journal website

Are they currently publishing similar articles?

Similar published articles

Section 2

Logical presentation: Effective writing

Effective writing

Writing outlines

Logically organizing your ideas

Communicating in English

2 factors to consider when writing a manuscript

Write outline & draft abstract

Write manuscript & finalize abstract

Effective writing

Writing outlines

Where to start?

Your findings are why you want to publish your work

Form the basis of your manuscript

First step is to logically organize your findings

Figure 1

Figure 2

Table 1

Figure 3

Logical flow (chronology, least to most

important, general to specific,

whole+parts)

Is anything missing?

? Additional analyses?

Effective writing

Writing outlines

I. Introduction A. General background B. Related studies C. Problems in the field D. Aims

II. Methods A. Subjects/Samples/Materials B. General methods C. Specific methods D. Statistical analyses

III. Results A. Key points about Figure 1 B. Key points about Table 1 C. Key points about Figure 2 D. Key points about Figure 3 E. Key points about Figure 4

IV. Discussion A. Major conclusion B. Key findings that support conclusion C. Relevance to published studies D. Limitations E. Unexpected results F. Implications G. Future directions

Knowing what you need to discuss, write down your key ideas

Use short bullet points to list ideas

Don’t let “writing correct English sentences” get in the way of outlining your ideas

List important information from your reading in the appropriate section with citations

Effective writing International clinical reporting guidelines

PRISMA Systematic reviews &

Meta-analyses

STROBE Observational studies

CARE Case reports

CONSORT Randomized controlled

clinical trials

http://www.equator-network.org/

ARRIVE Animal studies

Effective writing

Writing abstracts

First impression of paper: clear/concise/convincing

Importance of your results

Validity of your conclusions

Relevance of your aims

Readers judge your communication style

Maybe the only part that will be read

Your abstract summarizes your study

Effective writing

Writing abstracts

Context Background, problem, aim

Results Outcomes, effects,

properties, statistics

Conclusion Relevance, implications Learning points, future

Methods Patients/materials/animals Treatments, measurements

Clinical: funding & trial registration number after abstract

Effective writing

Unstructured abstract

Numerous systemic treatment options exist for patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS); however, the comparative efficacy of these treatments is unclear. We performed a retrospective analysis of our cutaneous lymphoma database to evaluate the treatment efficacy of 198 MF/SS patients undergoing systemic therapies. The primary end point was time to next treatment (TTNT). Patients with advanced-stage disease made up 53%. The median follow-up time from diagnosis for all alive patients was 4.9 years (range 0.3‒39.6), with a median survival of 11.4 years. Patients received a median of 3 lines of therapy (range 1‒13), resulting in 709 treatment episodes. Twenty-eight treatment modalities were analyzed. We found that the median TTNT for single- or multiagent chemotherapy was only 3.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.2‒5.1), with few durable remissions. α-interferon gave a median TTNT of 8.7 months (95% CI 6.0‒18.0), and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) gave a median TTNT of 4.5 months (95% CI 4.0‒6.1). When compared directly with chemotherapy, interferon and HDACi both had greater TTNT (P < .00001 and P = .01, respectively). In conclusion, this study confirms that all chemotherapy regimens assessed have very modest efficacy; we recommend their use be restricted until other options are exhausted.

Modified from: Cannegieter et al. Blood. 2015; 125: 229‒235.

Effective writing


Conclusion In conclusion, this study confirms that all chemotherapy regimens assessed have very modest efficacy; we recommend their use be restricted until other options are exhausted.

Results

We found that the median TTNT for single- or multiagent chemotherapy was only 3.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.2‒5.1), with few durable remissions. α-interferon gave a median TTNT of 8.7 months (95% CI 6.0‒18.0), and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) gave a median TTNT of 4.5 months (95% CI 4.0‒6.1). When compared directly with chemotherapy, interferon and HDACi both had greater TTNT (P < .00001 and P = .01, respectively).

Aims/ Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of our cutaneous lymphoma database to evaluate the treatment efficacy of 198 MF/SS patients undergoing systemic therapies. The primary end point was time to next treatment (TTNT). Patients with advanced-stage disease made up 53%. The median follow-up time from diagnosis for all alive patients was 4.9 years (range 0.3‒39.6), with a median survival of 11.4 years. Patients received a median of 3 lines of therapy (range 1‒13), resulting in 709 treatment episodes. Twenty-eight treatment modalities were analyzed.

Background Numerous systemic treatment options exist for patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS); however, the comparative efficacy of these treatments is unclear.

Implications


Effective writing




How does your study contribute to your field?

What did you find?

What did you do?

Why did you do the study?

Effective writing

Improving readability

Use short sentences Limit your sentences to 15–20 words

One idea per sentence

Use active voice More simple, direct, and easier to read

Recommended by most writing style guides and journals! “Nature journals prefer authors to write in the active voice”

(http://www.nature.com/authors/author_resources/how_write.html)

Effective writing


Avoid nominalizations

Use strong verbs instead of converting a verb into a noun

Estimate Estimation

Decide Decision

Confirm Confirmation

Assess Assessment

Effective writing




…estimation?

…decision?

…confirmation?

We made a…

Subject Verb

Still no idea what this sentence is about!

Effective writing




We estimated…

We decided…

We confirmed…

We made a…

Subject Verb

Still no idea what this sentence is about! Clear and direct

Effective writing


We conducted an evaluation to determine if the program increased the recruitment of students and the maximization of faculty time.

Effective writing


We evaluated if the program recruited more students and maximized faculty time.

20 words

12 words

We conducted an evaluation to determine if the program increased the recruitment of students and the maximization of faculty time.

Effective writing

“I should use complex words to make my writing more impressive.”

Use simple language!

• Your ideas and findings are already complex

• Explain these complex ideas simply to your reader

“The definition of genius is taking the complex and making it simple.”

– Albert Einstein

Effective writing

To ascertain the efficaciousness of the program, we interrogated the participants upon completion.

Avoid complex words

Effective writing

To ascertain the efficaciousness of the program, we interrogated the participants upon completion.

To determine the success of the program, we questioned the participants upon completion.

Avoid complex words

Effective writing Avoid complex words

Preferred Enough Clear Determine Begin Try Very Size Keep Enough End Use

Avoid Adequate Apparent Ascertain Commence Endeavor Exceedingly Magnitude* Retain Sufficient Terminate* Utilization

*OK in certain fields

Effective writing Be concise – Avoid unnecessary words

“A number of studies have shown that the charged group...”

“...as described in our previous study.”

“...at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.”

“As a matter of fact, such a low-temperature reaction…”

“That is another reason why, we believe…”

“It is well known that most of the intense diffraction peaks...” “It is well known that most of the intense diffraction peaks...”

“As a matter of fact, such a This low-temperature reaction…”

“A number of studies have shown that the charged group...”

“That is another reason why Therefore, we believe…”

“...as described previously in our previous study.”

“...at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.”

Effective writing Be concise – Avoid unnecessary words

Avoid At a concentration of 2 g/L At a temperature of 37C At a wavelength of 340 nm In order to In the first place Four in number Green color Subsequent to Prior to

Preferred At 2 g/L At 37C At 340 nm To First Four Green After Before

Effective writing Common mistakes

A(n): refers to a non-specific noun

The: refers to a specific noun

“A theory that describes economic development…” Suggests there is more than one theory

“The Big Bang theory…” Suggests there is only one theory

“A participant was chosen based on education level.

The participant was then given a questionnaire to determine…”


Data is the plural form of datum

The data was analyzed... This data suggests…

The data were analyzed… These data suggest…


Compared with is for saying how similar things are different Compared to is for saying how different things are similar

The toxicity of the new scaffold was reduced compared to that of the previous scaffold.

The toxicity of the new scaffold was reduced compared with that of the previous scaffold.

Telomeres can be compared with the ends of shoelaces.

Telomeres can be compared to the ends of shoelaces.


Readers expect verbs to closely follow the subject

Subject Verb


Readers expect verbs to closely follow the subject

Subject Verb


The viral infection that the patient caught on her recent trip to the outbreak-prone areas in Africa spread quickly.


The viral infection that the patient caught on her recent trip to the outbreak-prone areas in Africa spread quickly.

The patient caught a viral infection on her recent trip to the outbreak-prone areas in Africa, and this infection spread quickly.

Effective writing

Write logical sentences!

A is 4 times larger than B A is 4-fold larger than B A is 4 times as large as B

B is 4 times smaller than A

B is 75% smaller than A; B is 25% the size of A

A B

Scientific writing style

Effective writing

Write logical sentences!

A is 4 times larger than B A is 4-fold larger than B A is 4 times as large as B

B is 4 times smaller than A

B is 75% smaller than A; B is 25% the size of A

A B

Comparing data; Method-Purpose; Condition-Effect; Reason-Effect; Cause-Effect; Contrast; Similarity;

Sequence; Elaboration


Effective writing


“Cell viability was generally not affected by the pure EGCG…”

“Cell viability was reduced by only 3.5% by the pure EGCG…”

?

“One of the many candidate mechanisms for how loneliness affects blood pressure is arterial stiffness. Reasons why this is a candidate are because of diet and obesity.”

“Arterial stiffness is a candidate mechanism for how loneliness affects blood pressure through diet and obesity.”

27

16

Be accurate and concise!

Effective writing

Readers focus at the end of the sentence to determine what is important.

1. You deserve a raise, but the budget is tight.

Which sentence suggests that you

will get a raise?

2. The budget is tight, but you deserve a raise.

http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/flow/


Stress position

Link your sentences & paragraphs!

Effective writing

The budget is tight, but you deserve a raise. Your salary

will increase at the beginning of next year. Stress position Topic position

The topic position introduces the idea of the current sentence

The stress position also introduces the topic of the next sentence


Effective writing


Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality for men and women. Despite smoking prevention and cessation programs and advances in early detection, the 5-year survival rate for lung cancer is only 16% with current therapies. Although lung cancer incidence rates have recently declined in the United States, more lung cancer is now diagnosed when considered together in former- and never-smokers than in current smokers. Thus, even if all of the national anti-smoking campaign goals are met, lung cancer will remain a major public health problem for decades. New ways to treat or prevent lung cancer are therefore needed. One potential therapeutic target for lung cancer is the Wnt signaling pathway. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway in mammals consists of a family of secreted lipid-modified Wnt protein ligands that bind to a family of 7-pass transmembrane Frizzled (Fzd) receptors, as reviewed…

Busch et al. BMC Cancer. 2012; 13: 211.

Topic sentence

Stress sentence

Topic sentence

Support

Effective writing activity

Please see Activity 1 in your Workbook


Improve the readability of the following sentences.

To ascertain whether our hypothesis was correct, the data was carefully analyzed with the appropriate methods.

As a matter of fact, it was apparent that the drug was more effective compared to the control.

In order to make a decision if the statistical test was appropriate, we conducted an assessment of the normality of the data distribution.

The experiments were terminated once a sufficient amount of data was collected.







determine were

passive

To determine whether our hypothesis was correct, we analyzed the data.

We analyzed the data to determine whether our hypothesis was correct.







clear

with

It was clear that the drug was more effective compared with the control.

It was clear that the drug was more effective than the control.







To decide

assessed

To decide if the statistical test was appropriate, we assessed the normality of the data distribution.

We assessed the normality of the data distribution to decide if the statistical test was appropriate.






The experiments were terminated once a sufficient amount of data was collected. enough were passive ended

We ended the experiments once enough data were collected.

We ended the experiments once we collected enough data.

Section 2

Logical presentation: Manuscript structure

Manuscript structure Writing your manuscript

Abstract modified from: Cannegieter et al. Blood. 2015; 125: 229‒235.



What did you find?

What did you do?




What did you find?

What did you do?



Title/Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion

Abstract

Methods

Results

Discussion

Introduction

Abstract /Title

write

Title/Abstract

Intro: Aim

Figures/ Results

{Methods}

Discussion: Conclusion

[Intro / IMRaD]

read

Manuscript structure Introduction

Why is your study needed?

Current state of the field

Background information

Specific aim/approach Aim

Problem in the field

Previous studies

Current study

General

Specific Importance/Hypothesis

Worldwide relevance? Broad/specialized?

Up-to-date International

Manuscript structure

Match your aim to the problem

Currently, the standard procedure used to evaluate hepatic steatosis is the histopathological examination of cross-liver sections… …this is an invasive practice that presents inherent risks... Therefore, it is essential to establish new non-invasive approaches to accurately determine hepatic fat concentration…

Aim

The purpose of our prospective study…was to evaluate the potential of multi-echo MRI to quantitate the hepatic triglyceride concentration.

Problem

Jiménez-Agüero et al. BMC Med. 2014;12:137.

Proposed solution

Manuscript structure Methods

How the study was done

• Processes, treatments • Variables (direct/proxy) • Outcome/endpoints (1o, 2o) • Measurements, replication

• Quantification/models • Statistical tests (& P level) – Consult a statistician

Who/what was studied

• Participants, controls • Enrollment, N (& “power”) • Instruments, materials, DBs

Data analysis

Describe all aspects of the design

Manuscript structure Methods

Describe all aspects of the design

Established techniques

• Cite previously published studies • Briefly state modifications

• Enough detail for reproducibility • Use Supplementary Information

Organization • Arrange in subsections • Parallel order with the figures

New techniques

Manuscript structure Results

Synthesis/properties Group/subgroups

Uni-/bi-/multivariable

Each subsection corresponds to

one figure /method

What you found, not what it means

(& Data accessibility)

Logical presentation

Subsections

Factual description

Present results logically and factually

Manuscript structure Discussion

Summary of findings

Relevance

Conclusion

Similarities/differences Unexpected/negative results Limitations (validity, reliability)

Implications

Previous studies

Current study

Future studies

Specific

General

How do you advance your field?

Manuscript structure Conclusion

In conclusion, we found an independent, graded association between lower levels of the estimated GFR and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. These risks were evident at an estimated GFR of less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 and substantially increased with an estimated GFR of less than 45 ml per minute per 1.73 m2. Our findings support the validity of the National Kidney Foundation staging system for chronic kidney disease but suggest that the system could be further refined, since all persons with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (GFR, 30 to 59 ml per minute per 1.73 m2) may not be at equal risk for each outcome. Our findings highlight the clinical and public health importance of chronic kidney disease that does not necessitate dialysis.

Conclusion

Key finding

Implications

Future directions

Importance

Go et al. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351: 1296–1305.

Why is your study important?

Manuscript structure Conclusion

In summary, the correlation between obesity and gut microbes has been demonstrated in this study. We found an imbalance of gut microbes in Chinese children with obesity. Our results from the two real-time PCR assays showed that obese children had significantly lower levels of Bifidobacteria and higher levels of E. coli, compared with the matched control children. The findings suggest that human studies on gut microbes may have advantages over animal models. However, more investigations are necessary to clearly define the roles of gut microbe imbalance in both healthy and pathological states, so as to provide therapeutic targets to treat obesity. From this study, it is clear that lower Bifidobacteria colonization and imbalance of gut microbes may be important in the development of obesity.

Conclusion

Key finding

Implications

Future directions

Importance

Modified from: Gao et al. BMC Pediatrics. 2015; 15: 64.

Why is your study important?

Manuscript structure Link your ideas

General background

Aims

Methodology

Results and figures

Summary of findings

Implications for the field

Relevance of findings

Problem in the field

Current state of the field

Solution

Situation/Problem

Evaluation/Comment

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion

Manuscript structure Link your ideas

…chronic job stress can endanger well-being and may even cause serious damage and illness.

There is a lack of research on Asian gaming employees’ experience of work stress and problem gambling.

…this study confirms that increased job stress places casino employees in an at-risk group for developing gambling problems.

Background

Problem

Conclusion

Discussion

Introduction

Modified from: Wong & Lam. Asian J Gambl Issues Pub Health. 2013; 3: 7.

This study investigated whether job stress was a risk factor for the development of gambling problems.

Aim

Manuscript structure After the first draft….

Update your references

• 75% from the last 5 years • Avoid too many self-citations • Include international citations

Most references Introduction

Discussion Methods Some references

No references Conclusion Abstract Results

Manuscript structure activity

Please see Activity 2 in your Workbook

S

1. Based on the following problem identified in the field, choose which aim is the most appropriate.

Problem: Currently it is not clear if group therapy in combination with weight management programs helps to prevent weight gain after smoking cessation in men.

A. In this study, we compared the efficacy among three popular weight management programs for the prevention of weight gain after smoking cessation.

B. In this study, we compared the efficacy of group therapy plus weight management with that of weight management alone in preventing weight gain in men after smoking cessation.

C. In this study, we evaluated if group therapy or weight management was more effective in preventing weight gain in men after smoking cessation.


S






What about group therapy?


S






Directly addresses the problem


S






Does not address problem


S

2. Match the aim from an Introduction with the most appropriate major conclusion from the Discussion.

Aim: To date, few studies have investigated the influence of literacy on economic growth. In this study, we aimed to evaluate how literacy rates affected the economic growth of various countries from 2000 to 2010.

A. Our results demonstrate the need to improve education to promote literacy in developing countries.

B. This study showed that increased literacy rates are positively correlated with economic growth.

C. In this study, we showed that economically developed countries spend more money on education, leading to improved literacy rates.


S







Implications

S







Addresses the problem

S







Key finding

Section 3

Communicating your research

Coverage and Staffing Plan Cover Letters

Communicating your research Your multiple audiences

Everyone evaluates your study…and you

Pre- and post-publication impact

• Journal editors & reviewers • Readers, opinion/policy makers • Students, researchers, industry • Employers, schools, interest groups • (Science) Media, public, politicians • Conference/journal panels • Review boards, funders

Quality, Impact & Relevance

Readability: Logic / Writing

Interesting to readers

Why your work is important!



Dear Dr Lippman,

Please find enclosed our manuscript entitled “Evaluation of the Glasgow prognostic score in patients undergoing curative

resection for breast cancer liver metastases,” which we would like to submit for publication as an Original Article in the Breast

Cancer Research and Treatment.

The Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) is of value for a variety of tumours. Several studies have investigated the prognostic value of the GPS in patients with metastatic breast cancer, but few studies have performed such an investigation for patients undergoing liver resection for liver metastases. Furthermore, there are currently no studies that have examined the prognostic value of the modified GPS (mGPS) in these patients. The present study evaluated the mGPS in terms of its prognostic value for postoperative death in patients undergoing liver resection for breast cancer liver metastases.

A total of 318 patients with breast cancer liver metastases who underwent hepatectomy over a 15-year period were included in this study. The mGPS was calculated based on the levels of C-reactive protein and albumin, and the disease-free survival and cancer-specific survival rates were evaluated in relation to the mGPS. Prognostic significance was retrospectively analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Overall, the results showed a significant association between cancer-specific survival and the mGPS and carcinoembryonic antigen level, and a higher mGPS was associated with increased aggressiveness of liver recurrence and poorer survival in these patients. This study is the first to demonstrate that the preoperative mGPS, a simple clinical tool, is a useful prognostic factor for postoperative survival in patients undergoing curative resection for breast cancer liver metastases. This information is immediately clinically applicable for oncologists treating such patients. As a premier journal covering the broad field of cancer, we believe that the Breast Cancer Research and Treatment is the perfect platform from which to share our results with the international medical community.

Give the background to the research

What was done and what was found

Interest to journal’s readers

Cover letter to the editor

Editor’s name Manuscript title

Article type

Declarations on publication ethics Suggested reviewers Contact information


Communicating your research Reviewer response letter

Ideas are not logically organized; Poor presentation Purpose and relevance are unclear Cited studies are not up-to-date Topics in the Results/Discussion are not in the Introduction Methods are unclear (variables, missing data); Ethics Wrong (statistical) tests; statistical vs clinical significance Unclear statistics: Power, Need exact P values, 95% CI,

Association/Causation, Confounders, Fishing expeditions Not discussed: Negative results, limitations, implications Discussion has repeated results; Conclusions too general

Common reviewer complaints


Communicating your research Reviewer response letter

Respond to every reviewer comment

Easy to see changes

Refer to line and page numbers

Use a different color font

Highlight the text

Response letters list all revisions

Strikethrough font for deletions



Reviewer Comment: In your analysis of the data you have chosen to use a somewhat obscure fitting function (regression). In my opinion, a simple Gaussian function would have sufficed. Moreover, the results would be more instructive and easier to compare with previous results.

Response: It’s very clear that you’re not familiar with the current analytical methods in the field. I recommend that you identify a more suitable reviewer for my manuscript.

Reviewer response letter



Reviewer Comment: In your analysis of the data you have chosen to use a somewhat obscure fitting function (regression). In my opinion, a simple Gaussian function would have sufficed. Moreover, the results would be more instructive and easier to compare with previous results.

Response: Although a simple Gaussian fit would facilitate comparison with the results of other studies, our tailored function allows for the analysis of the data in terms of the “Pack model” [Pack et al., 2015]. Hence, we have explained the use of this function and the Pack model in our revised Discussion section (Page 12, Lines 2–6).

Evidence

Revisions

Location

Reviewer response letter

Disagree with evidence


Communicating your research Publicizing your article

Increase the impact of your research after publication

• Conferences • Web, email • Social media • Media • Newsletters • Reports

Check conference guidelines

Report clearly and accurately

Publicize your research ethically

Respect access/archive policies

Respect copyright/CC licenses

Respect news embargo

Respect journal publication policy


Communicating your research Publicizing your article

Pre- and post-publication impact

IMRaD research article

(journals,

posters, slides)

Hard news

(press

releases)

Hard news, delayed

lede

Hard news + kicker

Soft news +

explana-tions + kicker

Full feature + kicker

(news-letters)

Hard news, delayed lede + kicker

Soft news + explana-

tions

(news releases)

Be an effective communicator

Your goal should be not only to publish, but also to be widely read and cited

Choose the best journal

Logically organize your ideas

Clearly communicate your ideas

Thank you!

Any questions?

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Trevor Lane: [email protected]

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20150904 Edanz Chiba