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Surah Al- Fajr (89)

89 Surah Fajr Tafseer Midi

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Page 1: 89 Surah Fajr Tafseer Midi

Surah Al-Fajr

(89)

Page 2: 89 Surah Fajr Tafseer Midi

IntroductionThis surah was revealed in Makkah. It was revealed during a time when

the persecution of the new converts to Islam began

The people of Makkah were warned of the horrible ends to the tribes of Ad and Thamud and the Pharoah

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IntroductionMain Idea: The main idea of the

surah is to affirm that there will be a Hereafter and that Allah will give out rewards and punishments according what each person deserves

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IntroductionWhat Allah swears by:

Dawn10 nightsThe even and oddThe departing night

These things are enough to testify to the truth These are symbols of regularity The universe is systematic and wise which

shows the existence of God

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IntroductionThen Allah uses mankind's own

history as evidence:He uses the examples of the Ad and the

Thamud – they did evil deeds and had to pay for it

This shows that Allah does establish justice

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IntroductionThen Allah uses mankind's own

history as evidence:He uses the examples of the Ad and the

Thamud – they did evil deeds and had to pay for it

This shows that Allah does establish justice

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IntroductionThen Allah uses the state of Arabia and

its society as evidence:1. The people were very materialistic and

didn’t care about good or evil2. They treated the orphans and the poor

badly

Allah wants them to realize that people with these bad habits will be accountable for their deeds

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IntroductionAllah will establish justice in the

Hereafter, there are so many things that indicates it

On that day, people who denied it will not be able to deny it

They will regret not preparing for it in this world and will regret not doing good deeds

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Questions (Introduction)1. Where was this surah revealed? 2. During what time period was this

revealed?3. What is the main idea of this surah?4. What does Allah swear by?5. Why does Allah swear by these things?6. How does Allah use mankinds’ own

history 7. How does Allah use the state of Arabia

as evidence?

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﴾﴿والفجرAyah One: By the dawn,

The dawn is one example which shows evidence that there is a Creator and that the world is systematic. It can not have just come about without a God.

Allah swears by the Fajr the breaking of day, basically the first rays of sunlight that appear in the dark and signals the starting of the morning

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عشر ﴾﴿ وليالAyah Two: and the ten nights,

The ten nights is one example which shows evidence that there is a Creator and that the world is systematic. It can not have just come about without a God.

These refers to each ten nights of the month as the moon goes from crescent to full, basically goes through each stage of the moon-cycle

This system is so systematic It takes a month each time for the moon to

make its cycle

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والوتر فع ﴾﴿والشAyah Three: and the even and the odd,

The even and the odd is one example which shows evidence that there is a Creator and that the world is systematic. It can not have just come about without a God.

Even is divisible by two, odd is notEverything in the universe exists in pairs

and in singles It can also refer to the number of nights

and how it alternates

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يسر إذا يل ﴾﴿واللAyah Four: and the night when it departs.The night is one example which shows

evidence that there is a Creator and that the world is systematic. It can not have just come about without a God.

This follows from the dawn and from the even and the odd

The night leaving for it to be day, the system is very exact

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حجر لذي قسم ذلك في ﴾﴿هلAyah Five: Is there in this oath for one

endowed with understanding?All these four things just mentioned shows

that the world is so perfect, so systematic, that it could not have just came out of nowhere

It can’t all be a happy accident There is so much wisdom in creation that

there must be a Creator

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بعاد ك رب فعل كيف تر ﴾﴿ألمAyah Six: Have you not seen how your

Lord dealt with AdThe people of Ad were very advanced for

their timesHowever, they denied the Hereafter and

started to participate in many evil deeds Allah thus punished them and destroyed

them completely This is a historical lesson for the Quraish

and for us

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العماد ذات ﴾﴿إرمAyah Seven: of Iran, known for their lofty

columns, The people of Ad were known for their

architecture, and high buildings

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في مثلها يخلق لم تي ال Ayah Eight: the like of whom no nation was ever﴾﴿البالد

created in the lands of the world?The people of Ad were the most advanced

civilization in the worldNo other people during their times had

something close to their civilization

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الصخر جابوا ذين ال وثمود Ayah Nine: And how did He deal with Thamud﴾﴿بالواد

who hewed out rocks in the valley?The Thamud were likely the first people

who started cutting out buildings from rocks

They were also punished for their misdeeds

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Questions (Ayahs 1-9)1. Why does Allah swear by those four things? 2. What does Al-Fajr refer to?3. What do the ten nights refer to?4. What are the two possible meanings of the

even and the odd?5. What were the people of Ad known for?6. What is special about the people of

Thamud?7. Why does Allah mention the Ad and the

Thamud?

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األوتاد ذي ﴾﴿وفرعونAyah Ten: And with Pharaoh of the tent

pegsAllah uses the Pharoah as an example as

wellThe Pharoah had denied the Hereafter and

committed many evil actions and therefore, he was punished for his actions

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البالد في طغوا ذين ﴾﴿الAyah Eleven: who transgressed in the

countries of the world

The Pharaoh spread corruption and evil in many places over the world

الفساد فيها Ayah Twelve: spreading in them much﴾﴿فأكثرواcorruption?

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سوط ك رب عليهم فصب Ayah Thirteen: Then their Lord unloosened upon﴾﴿عذاب

them the lash of chastisement.For all these people: the Ad, Thamud, and

the Pharaoh, Allah had punished them for their evil actions

These are examples for us

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لبالمرصاد ك رب ﴾﴿إنAyah Fourteen: Truly your Lord is ever

watchful.Allah knows the actions of each and every

person He knows who is good and who is evil

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ه رب ابتاله ما إذا اإلنسان فأماي رب فيقول ونعمه فأكرمه

Ayah Fifteen: As for man, when his Lord tests him by﴾﴿ أكرمنexalting him by exalting him and bestowing His

bounties upon him, he says: “My Lord has exalted me.”

Whenever good comes to people, they are happy and feel like Allah made them superior

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رزقه عليه فقدر ابتاله ما إذا وأماأهانن ي رب Ayah Sixteen: But when He tests him by straitening his﴾﴿فيقول

sustenance, he says: “My Lord has humiliated me.”

However, whenever Allah tests them by not giving them what they want, they blame Allah and are not grateful for what they already have

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اليتيم تكرمون ال بل ﴾﴿كالAyah Seventeen: But no; you do not treat

the orphan honourably, The bad people do not treat orphans

properlyWhenever the parents are around, you

treat them nicelyAs soon as they have no parents, you take

advantage of them and treat them meanly

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المسكين طعام على تحاضون ﴾﴿ والAyah Eighteen: and do not urge one

another to feed the poor, These people also don’t encourage feeding

the poor and giving charity

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المسكين طعام على تحاضون ﴾﴿ والAyah Nineteen: and greedily devour the

entire inheritance,These people also fight over getting

whatever is inherited They are greedy for money and wealth

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جما ا حب المال ون ﴾﴿وتحبAyah Twenty: and love the riches, loving

them ardently.These people love the material things of

this worldThey love gaining money and wealth and

are cheap in giving it away or spending it for good causes

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Questions (Ayahs 10-20)1. What did the Pharoah do?2. Why is he used as an example? 3. Whenever good comes to these

type of people, what do they say?4. Whenever bad comes to these

type of people, what do they say?5. What characteristics of these kind

of people are mentioned so far?

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ا دك ا دك األرض ت دك إذا ﴾﴿كالAyah Twenty-One: But no; when the earth

is ground to powder,The DOJ is comingAnd a sign is that the earth will no longer

be stableIt will be reduced to dust

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ا دك ا دك األرض ت دك إذا ﴾﴿كالAyah Twenty-Two: and when your Lord

appears with rows upon rows of angels,And it will become clear to all people that

Allah exists and He will come with a bunch of angels

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ر يتذك يومئذ م بجهن يومئذ وجيءالذكرى له ى وأن ﴾﴿اإلنسان

Ayah Twenty-Three: and when Hell is brought near that Day. On that Day will man understand, but of what avail

will that understanding be?And Hell will be clear Then these people will realize the mistake

they made in their lives But it will not help them to realize that

then

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لحياتي قدمت ليتني يا ﴾﴿يقولAyah Twenty-Four: He will say: “Would that I had sent ahead what would be of avail for this life of mine!”

They will wish that they prepared for that day and actually did good deeds in the life that they had

Because the bad deeds they sent ahead will not be able to save them from the Hellfire

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أحد عذابه يعذب ال ﴾﴿فيومئذAyah Twenty-Five: Then on that Day Allah will chastise as none other can chastise;

Then on that Day, Allah will punish them and the punishment will be severe

أحد وثاقه يوثق ﴾﴿والAyah Twenty-Six: and Allah will bind as

none other can bind.

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ة المطمئن فس الن تها أي ﴾﴿ياAyah Twenty-Seven: (On the other hand it

will be said): “O serene soul!For those people who did good, they will

be in peaceTheir souls would have rested peacefully

till that day

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ة مرضي راضية ك رب إلى ﴾﴿ ارجعيAyah Twenty-Eight: Return to your Lord well-pleased (with your blissful destination), well-pleasing to your

LordThese souls will return to Allah happy and

Allah will be happy with them as well

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عبادي في ﴾﴿فادخليAyah Twenty-Nine: So enter among My

(righteous) servants

These good people will enter Paradise

تي جن ﴾﴿وادخليAyah Thirty: and enter My Paradise.”

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Questions (Ayahs 21-30)1. What will happen to the earth?2. Who will Allah appear with? 3. What will become clear to all of

humanity? 4. What will the bad people wish? 5. What will be brought near to them? 6. Who are the serene souls?7. What will the serene souls be told to

do?

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DisclaimerThese slides are an abridged,

simplified version of tafseer. For detailed explanations, please view

other sources.