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July 2010 ruling, The Parks Department
prohibits them from collecting money within 50
feet of a monument or fountain
Research Objective
• redress the lack of scholarly attention by geographers on street performers
• by examining them as a form of public expression and art
• assess the role they play in creating a distinctive sense of place
Public Art & Sense of Place
• fountains, murals, sculptures, etc.
• pause
• experience
• social contact
• anchors to place
Data Collection • 100 surveys
– Shopping experience & street performers
Participant observation & Interpretivist ethnography
Basic Survey Findings
• 50 women and 50 men
• 53: 18 to 30• 28: 51 or older • 19: 31 to 50
• 47: Anglo• 20: Black• 17: Asian• 16: Latino
• 33: > 30 minutes• 24: 16 - 30 minutes• 22: 6 - 15 minutes• 19: only 1 to 5 minutes
Basic Survey Findings
• 37% street performers influenced their decision to come to the
Promenade
• 68% would choose the Third Street Promenade over other malls
because of street performers
• 97% Street performers enhanced their shopping experience
• 86% Promenade would not be as successful without street
performers
• 91% Promenade would be less enjoyable without street performers
• 55% Street performers are a very important aspect of the
Promenade
Surv
ey
Qu
est
ion
1: D
id y
ou
wat
ch a
ny
stre
et
pe
rfo
rmer
s to
day
?
Qu
est
ion
2: H
ow
mu
ch t
ime
did
yo
u s
pen
d w
atch
ing
stre
et
pe
rfo
rmer
s?
Qu
esti
on
3: D
id t
he
stre
et
per
form
ers
infl
uen
ce y
ou
r d
ecis
ion
to
co
me
to
th
e P
rom
en
ade
?
Qu
est
ion
4: C
ho
osi
ng
be
twe
en
Th
ird
Str
ee
t P
rom
en
ade
an
d
oth
er
mal
ls, w
ill y
ou
co
me
bac
k to
th
e P
rom
en
ade
be
cau
se o
f st
ree
t p
erf
orm
ers?
Qu
est
ion
5: D
id y
ou
hav
e a
'go
od
exp
eri
en
ce,'
tod
ay w
ith
st
ree
t p
erf
orm
ers
by
wat
chin
g o
r p
arti
cip
atin
g in
th
eir
p
erf
orm
ance
s?
Qu
est
ion
6: D
o y
ou
co
nsi
de
r th
e s
tre
et
pe
rfo
rmer
s an
im
po
rtan
t as
pec
t o
f th
e P
rom
en
ade
’s a
ttra
ctio
n?
Qu
est
ion
7: W
hat
typ
e o
f st
ree
t p
erf
orm
ers
do
yo
u m
ost
e
njo
y?
Qu
est
ion
8: W
ou
ld t
he
Th
ird
Str
ee
t P
rom
en
ade
be
less
e
njo
yab
le w
ith
ou
t st
ree
t p
erf
orm
ers?
Qu
est
ion
9: W
ou
ld t
he
Th
ird
Str
ee
t P
rom
en
ade
be
as
succ
essf
ul w
ith
ou
t st
ree
t p
erf
orm
ers?
Qu
est
ion
10
: Was
yo
ur
ove
rall
sho
pp
ing
exp
eri
en
ce o
n t
he
P
rom
en
ade
to
day
en
han
ced
by
the
pre
sen
ce o
f st
ree
t p
erf
orm
ers?
Qu
esti
on
11
: Ho
w m
any
tim
es
hav
e y
ou
vis
ite
d t
he
Pro
me
nad
e?
Qu
est
ion
12
: Cit
y o
f re
sid
ence
Qu
est
ion
13
: If
resi
den
t o
f So
uth
ern
Cal
ifo
rnia
ho
w f
ar f
rom
th
e P
rom
enad
e d
o y
ou
re
sid
e?
Qu
est
ion
14
: Ge
nd
er
Qu
est
ion
15
: Eth
nic
ity
Qu
est
ion
16
: Age
Dat
e
Wee
kday
or
Wee
ken
d
1 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 Santa Monica, CA 1 2 2 1 8/26/2010 1
2 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 Culver City, CA 2 2 1 1 8/28/2010 2
3 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 San Diego, CA 4 2 4 1 8/28/2010 2
4 1 1 2 2 2 3 7 2 2 4 1 Pensilvania 5 2 1 3 7/21/2010 1
5 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 Organge, CA 3 2 2 2 8/8/2010 2
6 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 Santa Monica, CA 1 2 3 2 8/26/2010 1
7 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 3 El Sagundo, CA 2 2 1 3 8/16/2010 1
8 1 4 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 Chicago, IL 5 2 4 2 8/8/2010 2
Gender
Question 3. Did street performers influence
your decision to come to the Promeande?
Female
N-50
Male
N=50
Yes 33 16
No 17 34
Gender
Question 4. Choosing between the Promenade
and other malls, will you come back to the
Promeande because of street performers?
Female
N=50
Male
N=50
Yes 38 30
No 12 20
Age
Question 8. Would the Promenade be less
enjoyable without street performers?
18-30
N=53
31-50
N=19
51-older
N= 28
Yes 51 17 23No 2 2 5
Distance From Promenade
Question 6. Do you concider street performers an
important aspect of the Promenade's attraction?
Less than 10 miles
N=27
10 to 25 miles
away N=31
25 to 50
miles away
N=14
More than 50
miles away N=8
Some what 14 12 5 1
Very much 12 17 9 7
Not at all 1 1 0 0
Distance From Promenade
Question 3. Did the street performers influence
your decision to come to the Promenade?
Less than 10 miles
N=27
10 to 25 miles
away N=31
25 to 50
miles away
N=14
More than 50
miles away N=8
Yes 10 20 6 6
No 17 10 8 2
Hypothesis Confirmed
• street performers add to the overall sense of place through their music, art, discovery, excitement, venue and culture
• street performing may well be an effective means of creating a favorable sense of place that enhances the attractiveness, and hence success, of a mall.
• While geographers have examined many beneficial elements in pedestrian malls, there is a paucity of research on performing art as a beneficial element in creating a distinctive sense of place within pedestrian malls.
• This study sought to redresses this shortcoming.
