National Seminar on

Next Generation Library & Information Services

[NeGLIS-2011]April 2-3,2011

Shashi Ranjan KumarSunil Kumar Chobe

sranjan69@gmail.comDLIS

University of Delhi

M-Library: Library Access through Mobile Phone

M-Library: Library Access through Mobile Phone

• Mobile telephony networks have existed for over twenty years.

• There are estimated to be 1.5 billion mobile phones in the world today.

• This is more than three times the number of personal computers, and today’s most sophisticated phones have the processing power of a mid-1990s PC.

Introduction • In the age of information communication

technology the nature of libraries change day by day. The concept of M-Library is also the part of library advancement.

• Mobile Technology has now come up with “Libraries in Hand” trend.

• Recent studies have concluded that 40% of people have an Internet connection, and therefore, these basic-services of libraries would be available to those people from where they are connected. If we consider that 100% of users usually use mobile phones, if these services could be available through mobile devices, then the services would be available to any user at any time and from any location.

Generation of Mobile Communication Technology

• The mobile phone or cell phone is a long-range, portable electronic device used for mobile communication.

• According to the developments in the mobile communication following are main generation

1. 0G - radio telephone 2. 1G - The first commercial cellular network 3. 2G -The first "modern" network technology

on digital 2G

4. 3G -A decade later, 3G (Third Generation)

5. 4G Fourth-Generation Communications System

0G - radio telephone

• In 1945, the zero generation of mobile telephones was introduced.

• 0G mobile telephones were not officially categorized as mobile phones, since they did not support the automatic change of channel frequency during calls, which allows the user to move from one cell (the base station coverage area) to another cell, a feature called "handover".

1G - The first commercial cellular

network

• launched in Japan by NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation) in 1979.

• Fully automatic cellular networks were first introduced in the early 1980s.

• These are the analog cell phone standards.

• 1G networks use the radio (analog) signals.

2G second generation

• Technology was launched in 1991 in Finland on the GSM standard which also marked the

introduction of competition in mobile telecoms.• A digital system is one that uses discrete

values (often electrical voltages), representing numbers or non-numeric symbols such as letters or icons, for input, processing, transmission, storage, or display, rather than a continuous range of values ( as in an analog system).

3G Third Generation

• A decade later, 3G (Third Generation) was again launched in Japan.

• 3G typically provide service at 5-10 Mb per second.3G networks are wide area cellular telephone networks which evolved to incorporate high-speed internet access and video telephony.

• In December 2005, 100 3G networks were operating in 40 countries, according to the Global mobile Suppliers Association.

4G Fourth-Generation Communications

System • Fourth-Generation Communications System, is a

term used to describe the next step in wireless communications.

• A 4G system will be able to provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia can be given to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" basis, and at higher data rates than previous generations.

*FOMA- Freedom of Mobile Multimedia AccessSources: http://www.jayakrishnan.bravehost.com

Mobile Services

The most important mobile services which are provided by the Service provider-

• Short Message Service • Multimedia Service • Video service• Applications on the mobile • Location service• Voice service • Data service

• Location service

Application of Mobile in Library

services

Possible Library Services Using Mobile Technology-

• Mobile OPAC- Many libraries are providing Mobile versions of OPAC for their user to access from their cell phones. Some mobile Library Web sites are- www.worldcat.org/m/

• Library mobile instruction • Mobile databases- Database providers use the

mobile web to provide information. Example-EBSCOhost® Mobile™

• Services of alerts of loans out of date and alerts of available reservations.

• Services of querying of loans, reserves of books, and renewal of loans.

www.worldcat.org/m/

• Query of loaned books/resources • Mobile Collections —Libraries load digital

collections on the mobile devices for the duration of the loan period.

• RSS Feed

Application of Mobile in Library

services

Problems of Mobile Technology

Implementation in Libraries

• Difficult to navigate • Slow connection speeds• Small screens • For access good quality of services needed smart phone • Lack of ICT knowledge and skills • Resistance to change • Lack of trained library personnel and training facilities• Lack of proper planning• Lack of cooperation among the libraries • Lack of international cooperation• Lack of assessing community needs• Lack of standards for library and information services

Conclusion

• The concept of the M- Library created a great revolution in the field of information communication technology because with the help of Mobile many people are serving by library at anytime, anywhere in the world.

• Our librarians are in move to determine how these devices are affecting information access and ensure that they are communicating with patrons and providing web content in the most appropriate and effective ways.

• Our Librarians must be prepared to take this challenge.

• By offering library services using mobile technology ensure 46.50 million mobile user become library users.

Thanks