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By Derrick, Inzy, Sachin and Daniel.W

Ancient China Project Part 1

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my project on Ancient China

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Page 1: Ancient China Project Part 1

By Derrick, Inzy, Sachin and Daniel.W

Page 2: Ancient China Project Part 1

History part 1• These are the main periods of time in ancient

china1. Three Sovereign Ones and the Five

Emperors- before 2070 BC2. Xia Dynasty- 2070 BC — 1600 BC3. Shang Dynasty -1600 BC— 1046 BC4. Western Zhou Dynasty -1046 BC — 771 BC5. Eastern Zhou Dynasty -770 BC — 256 BC6. Qin Dynasty -221 BC — 206 BC7. Western Han Dynasty -206 BC — AD 98. Xin Dynasty- 9 — 239. Eastern Han Dynasty -25— 220 10.Three Kingdoms -220— 265 11. Western Jin Dynasty -265— 31712. Eastern Jin Dynasty317 — 420

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History Part 21. Southern and Northern Dynasties -420 —

5892. Sui Dynasty -581 – 6183. Tang Dynasty -618 — 9074. Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms -907 —

9605. Northern Song Dynasty -960 — 11276. Southern Song Dynasty -127 — 12797. Liao Dynasty -916 — 11258. Jin Dynasty -1115 — 12349. Yuan Dynasty -1271— 136810.Ming Dynasty -1368 — 164411.Shun Dynasty- 164412.1Qing Dynasty) -1644 — 1912

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Geography• For thousands of years, the ancient Chinese thought they were pretty

much alone on the planet Earth. They knew there were people to the north, the Felt Tent People - the Mongols - but they did not know that other advanced ancient civilizations existed anywhere else.  China's natural barriers to the west, south, and east helped to protect these early people from invasion.

• China's natural barriers include seas - the China Sea and the  Yellow Sea, both located in the Pacific Ocean. These seas provide a huge coastline, which provided trade routes and easy access to food.   For thousands of years, the ancient Chinese thought they were pretty much alone on the planet Earth. They knew there were people to the north, the Mongols - but they did not know that other advanced ancient civilizations existed anywhere else.  China's natural barriers to the west, south, and east helped to protect these early people from invasion.

• China's natural barriers include seas - the China Sea and the Yellow Sea, both located in the Pacific Ocean. These seas provide a huge coastline, which provided trade routes and easy access to food.  

• China's natural barriers also include mountains, deserts, and rivers.  China has many natural barriers, all of which helped to keep her isolated from the rest of the world for many thousands of years. 

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A quick map

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Book reportThis is our book report on Chinese Cinderella by Adeline Yen Mah.

• Chinese Cinderella is an autobiography. It is a story written by a woman in her fifties about her own childhood. The story is set against a background of life in Japanese-occupied China and the civil war between the communists and nationalists which followed Japan's defeat at the end of the Second World War. But this is mainly an account of the relentless neglect and loathing which was heaped on Yen Jun-ling during her excruciating childhood, and the way she chose to cope with it. Eventually Niang and her father send her to a boarding school in Shanghai with only a few pupils at it, and before long she is the only pupil left. She becomes very lonely, but one day her Niang's sister comes and rescues her and takes her back to her family in Taiwan. Where she gets send to another boarding school, this time with more pupils, but she is teased at this school and becomes sad because no one comes to visit her. After she goes to this school she is allowed to go to a university in England with her older brother and study medicine

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Characters• Yen Jun-ling(Fifth Daughter) – the main character. She was an unwanted child because she

was considered bad luck because she was told to be the cause of her mother’s death

• Aunt Baba – Jun-ling’s loving aunt. She’s one of the few ones who takes Jun-ling’s side in the family, is also Jun-ling’s mother’s best friend.

• Ye Ye – Jun-ling’s grandfather; her father’s father. He is always siding the first children. • Nai Nai – Jun-ling’s grandmother; her father’s mother. She is the authority in the house. • Niang (Mother) – Jun-ling’s stepmother, is a French woman; married Jun-ling’s father one

year after his wife died. She takes over after Nai Nai died. She is extremely mean to Yen Jun ling

• Father – Jun-ling’s father; married Niang one year after his wife died; Ye Ye and Nai Nai’s only son.

• Big Sister/Lydia – the eldest daughter; takes Niang’s side as the story continues. Married at the age of 17

• Big Brother/Gregory – the eldest son, next to Big Sister. Goes to England with Second brother for college.

• Second Brother/Edgar – born after Big Brother. Goes to England with Big Brother for college.

• Aunt Reine – Niang’s sister; rescued Jun-ling from the St. Joseph’s

the book is really good but sad.

This book report was done by Derrick. M

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Autocracy

• In ancient China they had an emperor and that means they had an autocracy. Which is different to Australia which is a democracy.

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War• There wasn’t many long wars and they weren’t any historical wars recorded

but they did have a important war In 1276 AD, when the Mongols invaded and took over China, they had already been ruling a large empire from India and Russia to northern China and Korea. In 1276 the Mongols captured the Sung capital at Hangzhou, and by 1279 the Mongols controlled all of China. Kublai Khan, the Mongol leader, moved the capital of the Mongol empire to Beijing, China. In 1271, when he was 56, Kublai Khan declared himself emperor of China. Kublai Khan tried to conquer Japan in 1274 and 1281 AD, but was prevented by a great storm. He also tried to recapture northern Vietnam and Burma, but without much success. Kublai Khan died in 1294 AD. By the 1330's, people all over the whole Mongol Empire were suffering from the Black Death - the bubonic plague. Millions of people died in China. The plague made it hard to keep the empire together. During the 1350's AD, a revolutionary movement called the Red Turbans became active in northern China. In 1356, the Red Turbans, under the leadership of Chu Yuan-chang, captured Nanjing. Chu Yuan-chang gradually conquered China, and threw out the Mongols. In 1368 AD Chu Yuan-chang declared himself emperor of China, under the name Hung-wu, and then he finally captured the Mongol capital at Beijing, starting the Ming Dynasty.

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Chinese war Armor

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Mythology

• Gods, ghosts, foxes and spirits are commonly described as living things with human qualities and human feelings. Chinese inventors of myths describe gods the way they describe man, or treat them as if they were human, and endow them with human nature.

• the goddess Ba, the daughter of Heaven, is a personification of drought (she's the human form of drought).

• Yu-huang is a sky god, and Fei Lian and Feng Po Po are wind gods.

• Lei-Kung and Lei-zi are the gods of thunder and lightning. Heng O is the moon goddess.

• Gong gong is the god of disastrous floods. • Han is the god of the Han river - there were many such minor

gods, each responsible for a particular river or mountain. • Hou Ji is the god of millet, an important food in northern

China.

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Land marks•The Terracotta Army was discovered in 1974 near Xi’an during irrigation works. It formed part of Emperor Qin Shi Huang’s burial chamber and consisted of more than 7,000 life-size terracotta figures of warriors, horses and chariots made from a mixture of clay and earth. The Chinese believe in the afterlife and the army was created for Emperor Qin after his death. When discovered, the army was laid out in full battle formation, and included standing infantry, kneeling archers and charioteers with horses. Meticulously made, the figures had different features, facial expressions and hairstyles. Officers were distinguishable by their uniforms. •The Forbidden City began construction in 1406 during the Ming Dynasty and took 14 years to complete. It stands exactly in the centre of ancient Beijing, and was the political nerve centre of China until the end of the Chinese dynastic era. It was home to 24 Ming and Qing emperors in all. •The Great Wall of China was first ordered constructed by Emperor Qin during the Qin Dynasty to defend his realm against marauding nomadic tribes, and its construction continued throughout successive Chinese dynasties. It stretches for about 6,350km. Over the centuries, armies were stationed along the wall to provide early warning of invasion and a first line of defense. The Southeast Asian rainforests are the oldest, consistent rainforests on Earth, dating back to 70 million years ago. It has a biological richness and diversity unequalled by that of the Amazon or African rainforests.

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Landmark pictures

Terracotta army

Forbidden city

Great wall of china

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Rainforests in china•The Southeast Asian rainforests are the oldest, consistent rainforests on Earth, dating back to 70 million years ago. It has a biological richness and diversity unequalled by that of the Amazon or African rainforests. It is said that these rainforests will be gone in 10 years.

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Rainforests ecosystemsWhat are rainforests?• Rainforests are very dense, warm, humid and wet forests. They are homes to

millions of plants and animals

Tropical rain forests have four layers.• Emergent Layer These giant trees thrust above the dense canopy layer and have huge

mushroom-shaped crowns. These trees enjoy the greatest amount of sunlight but also must endure high temperatures, low humidity and strong winds.

• Canopy Layer The broad, irregular crowns of these trees form a tight, continuous canopy 60 to 90 feet above the ground. The branches are often densely covered with other plants and tied together with vines. The canopy is home to 90% of the life found in the rain forest; many seeking the brighter light in the treetops.

• Understory Receiving only 2-15% of the sunlight that falls on the canopy, the understory is a dark place. It is relatively open and contains young trees and leafy herbaceous plants that tolerate low light. Many popular house plants come from this layer. Only along rivers and roadways and in tree fall and cut areas is sunlight sufficient to allow growth to become thick and impenetrable.

• Forest Floor The forest floor receives less than 2% of the sunlight and consequently, little grows here except plants adapted to very low light. On the floor is a thin layer of fallen leaves, seeds, fruits and branches that very quickly decomposes. Only a thin layer of decaying organic matter is found, unlike temperate forests.

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 pictures of rainforests in china

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Chinese musical instrument • The erhu also called nanhu or southern fiddle and

sometimes known in the West as the Chinese violin or Chinese two-string fiddle, is a two-stringed bowed musical instrument, used as a solo instrument as well as in small ensembles and large orchestras. It belongs to the zither family of string instruments.

• The Guzheng or zheng (gu- means "ancient") is a traditional Chinese musical instrument. It belongs to the zither family of string instruments.

• The Guqin is the modern name for a plucked seven-string Chinese musical instrument of the zither family. It has been played since ancient times, and has traditionally been favoured by scholars and literati as an instrument of great subtlety(sophistication) and refinement. It is said to have been associated with the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius.

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Pictures of Chinese instruments

The Erhu

The Guqin

The Guzheng

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Human life Cycle

• This is the Human life cycle each and every will go thorough these stages unless early death.

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Word booster Dynasties: A family or group that maintains power

for several generations. Pictograph: A record in hieroglyphic symbols. Phoneticism: Representing the sounds of speech

with a set of distinct symbols, each designating a single sound.

Guqin: a traditional ancient Chinese instrument played by scholars

Erhu: a ancient Chinese instrument played in orchestras.

Guzheng : a ancient Chinese instrument. Autocracy: to have only one person in control like

an emperor

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Bibliography Books:1. China The Land Of The Heavenly Dragon by Professor

Edward L. Shaughnessy, London, Duncan Baird Publishers, 2000.

2. Beijing by Richard Platt, London, Kingfisher, 2008.3. Daily Life in Ancient and Modern Beijing by Robert F.

Baldwin, Minnesota, Runestone press, 1999. 4. An Ancient Chinese Town by R. J. Unstead, London,

Kingfisher Books Ltd, 1986. Websites: 1. http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/china/religion/

gods.htm2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_china#Ancient_era

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The endThe end

This presentation is part of a much This presentation is part of a much bigger projectbigger project

This presentation was created by This presentation was created by Sachin, Daniel.W, Derrick and InzySachin, Daniel.W, Derrick and Inzy

Thank you for watching Thank you for watching