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Ancient TheatreAncient TheatreEgyptian, Greek, and RomanEgyptian, Greek, and Roman
How do we know history happened?
Someone thought it was important enough to write down.
First recorded performance
Passion Play of Abydos
Ancient Egyptian Myth of Horus
Ikhernofret Stela
2500 BCE
Greek Theatre
City Dionysia - 600 BCE
Honored the God DionysusGod of Wine
Dionysian Festival
Started as a singing competition between tribes.
Tragos - Goat; Ode - Song (literally Goat Song)
Eventually evolved toward play performance competition.
Mask of Dionysus
Thespis
Credited as the first actor.
Stepped out the Chorus and began responding to them.
As the festival evolved the rules limited the number of actors outside of the chorus.
Three Major Tragedians
Sophocles - Theban Plays
Aeschylus - Agamemnon, Prometheus Bound, Libation Bearers
Euripides - Madea, Trojan Woman, Hippolytus
Euripides added intrigue to stories
Greek comedy
Made fun of society. Comes much later than tragedy.
Aristophanes - The Clouds, The Birds, Lysistrata
Greek Theatre Architecture
Usually an outdoor amphitheater.
Aristotle
Greek Philospher
Poetics - Outlined what makes a good story and in turn what makes a good play.
Six elements of Drama - Plot, Character, Theme, Language, Rhythm, Spectacle
Elements of Drama
Plot - The events of a story
Character - Persons or things involved in those events
Theme - Idea the story represents
Elements of Drama
Rhythm/Music
Language/Diction
Spectacle
PaperMan
Roman Theatre
Mostly copied the greeks.
Surviving playwrights
Terrence - Comic Playwright, Adelphoe(The Brothers)
Plautus - Comic Playwright, Manaechmi
Seneca - Tragedy, adapted greek tragedies for Roman Audience.
A Roman Culture evolved
Rome moved from a Republic to an Emperor
As this happened their tastes moved from live theatre toward more violent entertainments
Bloodsport, gladiators, and Chariot races.