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Bee- Bee- keeping keeping

Bee keeping

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Beekeeping (or apiculture, from Latin: apis "bee") is the maintenance of honey bee colonies, commonly in hives, by humans. A beekeeper (or apiarist) keeps bees in order to collect their honey and other products that the hive produces (including beeswax, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly), to pollinate crops, or to produce bees for sale to other beekeepers. A location where bees are kept is called an apiary or "bee yard". Depictions of humans collecting honey from wild bees date to 15,000 years ago; efforts to domesticate them are shown in Egyptian art around 4,500 years ago. Simple hives and smoke were used and honey was stored in jars, some of which were found in the tombs of pharaohs such as Tutankhamun. It wasn't until the 18th century that European understanding of the colonies and biology of bees allowed the construction of the moveable comb hive so that honey could be harvested without destroying the entire colony.

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Bee-keeping Bee-keeping

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Bee-keeping needs low investments, so farmers use it as additional income generating activity.

Besides honey, other products of bee-keeping are beewax , propolis bee venom and royal jelly.

Bee-keeping also helps in cross pollination of crops because honey bees transfer pollen grains from one flower to another while collecting nectar.

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Local varieties of bees used for commercial honey production are Apis cerana indica known as Indian bee. Apis dorsata- the rock bee, Apis

flower- the little bee. An Italian bee Apis mellifera has also been brought to increase yield

of honey. This variety is commonly used for commercial honey production.

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Apis Dorsata Apis Dorsata

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Apis FloraeApis Florae

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Apis MellificaApis Mellifica

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Apis Mellifera NestApis Mellifera Nest

Apis Florea NestApis Florea Nest

NestsNestsApis Dorsata NestsApis Dorsata Nests

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Honey bees are social , polymorphic insects which live in colonies in nests or hives. The colony of honey bees has three types of castes –queen , drones and workers.

The quality of honey depends upon the pasturage of flowers available to the bees for nectar and pollen collection. It will also determine the taste of the honey.

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