Biodiversity of

North-East India

Presented By :Amit Kumar B.Tech 3rd Semester

Branch: ECESession: Aug-Dec 2013

PIGMY HOG ENDANGER SPECIES

Biodiversity including its types

The term Biodiversity consists of two wordsBio-life on earthDiversity-variety

Variety of life forms on earth is called Biodiversity

Biodiversity can further be divided in three types:1. Genetic Diversity2. Species Diversity3. Ecosystem Diversity

Biodiversity in North-East India

The North East India is very rich in Biodiversity including both Flora as well as Fauna . But a rapid increase in Human population in these region threaten many plants and animals and their natural habitats..

Introduction About Pygmy Hog

• The pygmy hog is a small wild pig weighing about 8.5 kg and they are about 55 to 71 cm long and stand at 20 to 30 cm with a tail of 2.5 cm. It lives in dense, tall grassland, where it feeds on roots, tubers and other vegetable matter, as well as insects and other invertebrates

DESCRIPTION• The pygmy hog formerly occurred throughout the

Terai region of India ,Bhutan and Nepal. It is now found only in northwest Assam,India. By 1993 it was reduced to only two known, isolated populations in northwest Assam - the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary and the Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary. The current world population is about 150 individuals or fewer recent conservation measures have improved the prospects of survival in the wild of this critically endangered species.

IMPORTANCE OF PYGMY HOG

• The prime importance of the Pygmy Hog is that it is the sole representative of the Porcula branch of the pig genus. This makes the critical endangered Pygmy Hog an important species that supports the existence of other species and the tall, wet grasslands of the region that it exists in. The Pgymy Hog acts as one of the most useful indicators of current wildlife management practices in these habitats. Decline in population has been through human disturbance of agricultural development, domestic grazing, human inflicted deliberate forest fires and seasonal floods. All these events are shrinking their existing habitats

Conservation

• The pygmy hog is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972 in India. Manas National Park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986 . The Pygmy Hog Conservation Programme (PHCP) was established in 1995, under the aegis of a formal 'International Conservation Management and Reseach Agreement (ICMRA). The PHCP has carried out a multi-faceted strategy, including field status surveys, behavioural studies, captive breeding, personnel training and local community awareness and assistance programmes. In 2008, 16 of these pygmy hogs were released into the Sonai Rupai Wildlife Reserve, where they will be carefully monitored

CONCLUSION

• Now after over all study and observation over the species of Pygmy Hog we have come to know that it is one of the useful organism for our Ecosystem to be balanced which is now on the way of extinction. So we must have to be alert toward their protection and conservation so as to maintain an ecological balance for our future generation.

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