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CEBUANO ALPHABETCEBUANO ALPHABET(Sinugbuanong (Sinugbuanong
Titikanan)Titikanan)
5 Vowels, 14 Consonants5 Vowels, 14 Consonants
a, e, i, o, ua, e, i, o, u b, k, d, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, yb, k, d, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, y
5 Vowels, 14 Consonants5 Vowels, 14 Consonants
a, e, i, o, ua, e, i, o, u b, k, d, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, yb, k, d, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, y
(not in the Alphabet)(not in the Alphabet)
C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, RR, V, X, ZC, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, RR, V, X, Z
C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, RR, V, X, ZRR, V, X, Z
CC before before AA, , OO, , UU becomes becomes KK Carro (KARO)Carro (KARO) Common (KOMON)Common (KOMON)
C C beforebefore E, I E, I becomesbecomes S S Centro (SENTRO)Centro (SENTRO) Civil (SIBIL)Civil (SIBIL)
C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, RR, V, X, ZRR, V, X, Z
CHCH becomes becomes TSTS China (TSINA)China (TSINA) Chicharon (TSITSARON)Chicharon (TSITSARON)
F F becomesbecomes P P Filipinas (PILIPINAS)Filipinas (PILIPINAS)
J J becomesbecomes H H July (HULYO)July (HULYO) Japanese (HAPONES)Japanese (HAPONES)
C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, R, V, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, R, V, X, ZX, Z
LLLL becomes becomes LYLY Sello (SELYO)Sello (SELYO) Cuchillo (KUTSILYO)Cuchillo (KUTSILYO)
Ñ Ñ becomesbecomes NY NY Señal (SINYAL)Señal (SINYAL) Señor (SENYOR)Señor (SENYOR)
Q Q beforebefore UI UI becomesbecomes KI, KI, Mannequin (MANIKIN)Mannequin (MANIKIN) Maquina (MAKINA)Maquina (MAKINA) Taquilla (TAKILYA)Taquilla (TAKILYA)
C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, RR, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, RR, V, X, ZV, X, Z
Q Q beforebefore UE UE becomesbecomes KE, KE, Plaque (PLAKE)Plaque (PLAKE) Tanque (TANGKE)Tanque (TANGKE) Querida (KERIDA)Querida (KERIDA)
RR RR becomesbecomes R R Carrera (KARERA)Carrera (KARERA) Correo (KOREYO)Correo (KOREYO) Arras (ARAS)Arras (ARAS)
C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, RR, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, RR, V, X, ZV, X, Z
V V becomesbecomes B B Aviva (ABIBA)Aviva (ABIBA) Favor (PABOR)Favor (PABOR) Vino (BINO)Vino (BINO)
X X becomesbecomes KS KS Exact (EKSAKTO)Exact (EKSAKTO) Examine (EKSAMINASYON)Examine (EKSAMINASYON)
Z Z becomesbecomes S S Cruzada (KRUSADA)Cruzada (KRUSADA) Lapiz (LAPIS)Lapiz (LAPIS) AZUL (Asul)AZUL (Asul)
The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)
““A” (short “a”)A” (short “a”) Short “a” Short “a” (as n abaga, baha, dalaga)(as n abaga, baha, dalaga) Not long “a”Not long “a” (as in base, mate) (as in base, mate) Use in adopted English wordUse in adopted English word (natural, (natural,
abnormal)abnormal)
The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)
““E” E” General Rule: “General Rule: “II” should be used in all ” should be used in all
native words.native words. Use in adopted FOREIGN word with same Use in adopted FOREIGN word with same
spellingspelling – AlegreAlegre– BoteBote– EntranteEntrante– EsposaEsposa– GabineteGabinete– LibreLibre– petsapetsa
The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)
““E” E” Use in FOREIGN words with different Use in FOREIGN words with different
consonant spellingconsonant spelling – Coche (KOTSE)Coche (KOTSE)– Fuerte (PUWERTE)Fuerte (PUWERTE)– Fecha (PETSA)Fecha (PETSA)– Camote (KAMOTE)Camote (KAMOTE)– Leche (LETSE)Leche (LETSE)
The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)
““E” E” Exception: When a Spanish word has no Exception: When a Spanish word has no
same sound equivalent English word or same sound equivalent English word or vice-versa, “vice-versa, “ee” is changed to “” is changed to “II””
– Capella (KAPILYA)Capella (KAPILYA)– Empacho (IMPATSO)Empacho (IMPATSO)– Escultor (ISKULTOR)Escultor (ISKULTOR)– Estacion (ISTASYON)Estacion (ISTASYON)– Estilo (ESTILO)Estilo (ESTILO)
The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)
““E” E” Exception: When a foreign word is Exception: When a foreign word is
adopted as a native word, “adopted as a native word, “ee” is changed ” is changed to “to “II””
– Ataque (ATAKI)Ataque (ATAKI)– Espejo (ISPIHO)Espejo (ISPIHO)– Mantel (MANTIL)Mantel (MANTIL)– Tendera (TINDERA)Tendera (TINDERA)– Caldero (KALDIRO)Caldero (KALDIRO)– Ventana (BINTANA)Ventana (BINTANA)
The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)
““E” E” Exception: When a Spanish word with an Exception: When a Spanish word with an
““II” has an equivalent English word but ” has an equivalent English word but with an “with an “ee”, the English word shall be ”, the English word shall be adopted.adopted.
– Actriz = Actress = (AKTRES)Actriz = Actress = (AKTRES)
The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)
““E” E” Exception: When a a borrowed rootword Exception: When a a borrowed rootword
ended in “ended in “ee” and joined with a suffix, “” and joined with a suffix, “ee” ” is changed to “is changed to “II”.”.
– Bayle (BAYLIHAN)Bayle (BAYLIHAN)– Kamote (KAMOTIHAN)Kamote (KAMOTIHAN)– Higante (HIGANTING hayop)Higante (HIGANTING hayop)– Peste (PESTING iroa)Peste (PESTING iroa)– Bigote (BIGOTILYO)Bigote (BIGOTILYO)– Kape (KAPIHAN)Kape (KAPIHAN)
The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)
““I” I” General Rule: “General Rule: “II” should be used in all ” should be used in all
native words.native words.– BakiBaki Exception:Exception:– ItiIti babayebabaye– KitiwKitiw pangadyepangadye– PiniliPinili butetebutete– BahiBahi sikwatesikwate– GahiGahi dayegdayeg– ItikItik
The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)
““I” I” ““II” to replace ” to replace UEUE, , UIUI, , UIEUIE..
– Guerra (GIYERA)Guerra (GIYERA)– Guia (GIYA)Guia (GIYA)– Guirrilla (GIRILYA)Guirrilla (GIRILYA)
The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule
Ang Ang UU ug ug OO (in root words) (in root words)– Rule #1: Rule #1: “U” must be used in the first “U” must be used in the first
and middle syllablesand middle syllables (Unang silaba)(Unang silaba) (Sulod nga silaba)(Sulod nga silaba)
– BughatBughat - hapuhap - hapuhap– KusiKusi - pangutana - pangutana– Tulo Tulo - habuhabo - habuhabo– BulanBulan - matuod - matuod– BuangBuang - taudtaod - taudtaod– UmagadUmagad - hinuon - hinuon– UganganUgangan - bituon - bituon
The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule
Ang Ang UU ug ug OO (in root words) (in root words)– Rule #2: Rule #2: “O” must be used in the last “O” must be used in the last
syllablesyllable (kataposang silaba)(kataposang silaba)
– pakopako– lungsodlungsod – taobtaob – dakodako– tulotulo– matodmatod– nasodnasod
The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule
Ang Ang UU ug ug OO (in repeated action words) (in repeated action words)– Rule #6-a: Rule #6-a: “O” and “U” shall be retained“O” and “U” shall be retained
– lukso-luksolukso-lukso - inom-inom- inom-inom – Hubo-hubo Hubo-hubo - buot-buot- buot-buot– Dakop-dakopDakop-dakop - hubog-hubog- hubog-hubog
OO and and UU in repeated rootwords in repeated rootwords– Rule #6-b: Rule #6-b: “O” if in last syllable; “U” if “O” if in last syllable; “U” if
first and middle syllablefirst and middle syllable– TaudtaodTaudtaod - hunahuna- hunahuna– BukubukoBukubuko - habuhabo- habuhabo– BagulbagolBagulbagol - tuwaytuway- tuwaytuway
The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule
Ang Ang UU ug ug OO (in repeated proper (in repeated proper noun)noun)– Rule #6-k: Rule #6-k: (same with rule 6-b)(same with rule 6-b)
– LapulapuLapulapu – tubatuba tubatuba – BagulbagolBagulbagol
The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule
UU and and OO is always retained when is always retained when the rootword is affixedthe rootword is affixed
Himoon (himo + on)Himoon (himo + on) Handomanan (handom + anan)Handomanan (handom + anan) Lungsoranon (Lungsod + anon)Lungsoranon (Lungsod + anon)
UU is retained in words when the is retained in words when the first syllable is repeatedfirst syllable is repeated
Magtutudlo (tudlo)Magtutudlo (tudlo) Maghuhukom (hukom)Maghuhukom (hukom) Magsusulat (sulat)Magsusulat (sulat)