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AP Biology Mitochondrion and Chloroplasts The organelles for cell respiration and photosynthesis

Chloroplast and Mitochondria

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AP Biology

Mitochondrion and Chloroplasts

The organelles for cell respiration and photosynthesis

Regents Biology

Cells have 3 main jobs make energy

need energy for all activities need to clean up waste produced

while making energy

make proteins proteins do all the work in a cell,

so we need lots of them

make more cells for growth to replace damaged or diseased cells

The Jobs of Cells

Our organellesdo all these

jobs!

ATP

Regents Biology

Cells need power! Making energy

to fuel daily life & growth, the cell must… take in food & digest it

take in oxygen (O2)

make ATP: Adenosine three phosphate remove waste

organelles that do this work… cell membrane lysosomes vacuoles & vesicles mitochondria

ATP

Regents Biology

Mito = Mighty / Power

The Power-House of the cell

They break down food molecules so the cell has the energy to live

If a cell needs a lot of energy…it will have more mitochondria 4

Mitochondria

Regents Biology

The Mitochondria structure has three main parts:OUTER MEMBRANE: covers the mitochondria. Simple phospholipid bilayerEasy for molecules like ATP or sugar to penetrate Smooth

INNER MEMBRANE: folds many times to increase the surface area for chemical reactions. So…the more space it has the more energy it can createSite of ATP production from oxygen and sugarKrebs/citric acid cycle 

Regents Biology 6

MATRIX: a fluid that has water and proteins all mixed together (like a solution)

•The proteins take the food molecules in and combine them with Oxygen to release the energy

Regents Biology

Function make ATP energy from cellular respiration

sugar + O2 → ATP fuels the work of life

Mitochondria

in both animal & plant cellsin both animal & plant cells

ATP

Regents Biology

mitochondriamake ATP energy

from sugar + O2

Regents Biology 9

Chloroplast

Regents Biology 10

•the site of photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells

•disk-like structures

•composed of a single membrane

•surrounding a fluid containing stacks of membranous disks

Chloroplast

Regents Biology 11

•SOLAR energy radiated from the sun is captured by plants(chloroplast)

•Then it is instantaneously changed into ELECTRICAL energy

•Then packaged as CHEMICAL energy

Chloroplast

Regents Biology 12

Chloroplast•photosynthesis takes place inside the chloroplast

Photosynthesis-the process in which plant use water, carbon dioxide, and energy form the sun to make food

Regents Biology

Mitochondria make energy from sugar + O2

cellular respiration sugar + O2 → ATP

Chloroplasts make energy + sugar from sunlight

photosynthesis

sunlight + CO2 → ATP & sugar ATP = active energy sugar = stored energy

build leaves & roots & fruit out of the sugars

Plants make energy two ways!

ATP

sugar

ATP

Regents Biology

Mitochondria are in both cells!!

animal cellsanimal cells plant cellsplant cells

mitochondriamitochondriachloroplastchloroplast

Regents Biology

central vacuolestorage: food, water or waste

mitochondriamake ATP in cellular respiration

chloroplastmake ATP & sugars in photosynthesis

cell wallsupport

cell membranecell boundarycontrols movementof materials in & out

recognizes signals

Regents Biology

The end! For today…..