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To sound smooth and be easier to understand, English learners should use connecting words
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Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Why do you need to connect your ideas?
Conjunctive adverbials
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Help others understand your ideas.
Add interest to your talking and writing.
Conjunctive adverbials
Impress your teacher or boss with your English skills.
Conjunctive adverbials
Here’s example. Let’s start with two separate ideas.1. You need to have your professional credentials recognized.2. You need Canadian experience.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
How could you link these two ideas?
Clause, conjunctive adverb clause.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
You need to have your professional credentials recognized, but you also need Canadian experience.
Clause, conjunctive adverb clause.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
You need to have your professional credentials recognized, but you also need Canadian experience.
OrOne sentence, two clauses
Sentence. Conjunctive adverb, sentence.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
You need to have your professional credentials recognized. But, you also need Canadian experience.
Two sentences
Sentence. Conjunctive adverb, sentence.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
You need to have your professional credentials recognized. But, you also need Canadian experience.
Optional, works for long words, emphasis
Clause, conjunctive adverb clause.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Why would you choose: one sentence, two clauses?
• more formal
Sentence. Conjunctive adverb, sentence.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Why would you choose two sentences?
• less formal• easier to understand• emphasizes the connecting word
Clause; conjunctive adverb clause.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
A more formal optionReplace the conjunction with a semi-colonYou need to have your professional credentials recognized; you also need Canadian experience.
Rare here; use with the Queen..
What are some of the ways we link ideas?
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Clause, conjunctive adverb clause.
We link ideas by
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Time I will pass the course, then I will receive my credentials.
Clause, conjunctive adverb clause.
We link ideas by
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Adding I will pass the course and I will get a better job.
Clause conjunctive adverb clause.
We link ideas by
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Cause I received my Canadian credentials. Consequently, I got a better job.
Sentence. Conjunctive adverb, sentence.
We link ideas by
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Contrast Jay is often late for work. In contrast, Hamida is always on time.
Sentence. Conjunctive adverb, sentence.
We link ideas by
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Compare Jay has improved our products. Similarly, Hamida has contributed to our innovation.
Sentence. Conjunctive adverb, sentence.
We link ideas by
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Summarize Thank you for listening to my presentation. To conclude, let me emphasize three points.
Sentence. Conjunctive adverb, sentence.
We link ideas by
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Accuracy Yang said the numbers were disappointing. Actually, he meant we could go broke.
Sentence. Conjunctive adverb, sentence.
What other words could you use for time?
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
subsequently
next meanwhile
… then I will receive my credentials.
finally
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
What’s more
Besides Furthermore
On top of that
What other words could you use for adding?
And I got a better job
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
What other words could you use for cause?
ThereforeHence
Consequently, I got a better job.
So
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
On the other hand
But Conversely
What other words could you use for contrast?
In contrast, Hamida is always on time.
Nevertheless
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
What other words could you use for compare?
Likewise
Similarly, Hamida has contributed to our innovation.
Along the same line
Equally important
In the same way
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
To conclude, let me emphasize three points.
To sum up
In conclusion
What other words could you use for summarize?
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Actually, he meant…
In truthIn fact
Really
What other words could you use for more accurately?
Undoubtedly
You need to have your professional credentials recognized. ____, you need to get some Canadian experience.
Try these
You need to have your professional credentials recognized. In addition, you need to get some Canadian experience.
Try these
Or AndAlso
You need to have your professional credentials recognized, ______you need to take some college courses.
Try these
You need to have your professional credentials recognized, so you need to take some college courses.
Try these
Orconsequently
We were thinking of giving everyone a raise. _____, we increased their paid sick leave.
Try these
We were thinking of giving everyone a raise. Instead, we increased their paid sick leave.
Try these
OrAlternatively
In the first quarter, higher revenues increased our profits.___________ cost-cutting measures contributed to our bottom line.
Try these
In the first quarter, higher revenues increased our profits. Equally important, cost-cutting measures contributed to our bottom line.
Try these
OrEqually importantMoreover
He said he was introducing productivity measures.__________, he meant jobs would be cut.
Try these
He told the team the numbers weren’t good. Actually, he meant people would be laid off.
Try these
Or ReallyIn fact
Thank you for the opportunity to speak to your group. __________, let me repeat three points.
Try these
Thank you for the opportunity to speak to your group. In conclusion, let me make three points.
Try these
OrTo sum up
Lee finished writing his report, _____ he read his email.
Try these
Lee finished writing his report, then he read his email.
Try these
Ornext
She is a weak team leader. _____, the executives like her.
Try these
She is a weak team leader. Nevertheless, the executives like her.
Try these
OrStill
The tests were successful. _____, they could start planning the marketing campaign.
Try these
The tests were successful. Consequently, they could start planning the marketing campaign.
Try these
OrAs a resultTherefore
You’ll learn more connecting words as you improve your English. But you’ve made a great
start.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Use shorter connecting words when you’re talking.
Use longer ones in writing.
Use very long ones in formal settings, legal documents or with the Queen.
notwithstanding nevertheless
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Help others understand your ideas.
Add interest to your talking and writing.
Conjunctive adverbials
Impress people with your English skills.
Words that ConnectTwo Ideas
Connected as One
Conjunctive adverbials
Copyright 2014