Molecular structure

Co-ordinate bonds

Co-ordinate

Co-ordinate

(dative)

Co-ordinate covalent bond

(dative)

Co-ordinate covalent bond

(dative)

atom 1 atom 2

Co-ordinate covalent bond

(dative)

atom 1 atom 2

Co-ordinate covalent bond

(dative)

atom 1 atom 2

Draw Lewis diagrams:

• Ammonium (NH4+)

• Hydronium (H3O+)

NH3

HH

H N

HH

H N

HH

H Nbondedpairs

HH

H Nlone pair

H

H+

HH

H N

H+

HH

H NH+

HH

H NH+

NH4+

H3O+

H2O

HHO

HHObonded

pairs

HHO

lone pairs

HHO

H+

HHOH+

H3O+

HHOH+