DREAM QUADCOPTER

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WELCOME

DIPLOMA IN MECHATRONICS - INTC

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NETTUR TECHNICAL TRAINING FOUNDATION

DIPLOMA IN MECHATRONICS2013 – 2016

At INKEL MALAPPURAM COMMUNITY COLLEGE

EDU-CITY, OORAKAM – MELMURI P.O,KARATHODE, MALAPPURAM 676519


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QUADCOPTER


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PROJECT DONE BY,


AJILMON V.K

ANU ABRAHAM

AKSHAY ANIRUDHAN

AMAL N P

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To build a Quad copter, which can be controlled by a transmitter and

to learn and study more about Aeronautics field.


AIM

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• To have a basic idea on mechanical drawings and designing.

• To understand the mechanical assembling technique.

• To understand the working of BLDC, transmitters, receivers, etc.

• To have a basic idea on Mechatronics System Design.

OBJECTIVES


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INTRODUCTION

Here we are saying the concept of QUADCOPTER designing, building and flying.

The quad copter, it’s a flying object, which flies with a help by four propellers, therefore is so called.

It is a multi rotor helicopter that is lifted and propelled by four rotors. Most helicopters, quad copters use two sets of identical fixed pitched propellers; two clockwise (CW) and two counter-clockwise (CCW).


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WORKING PRINCIPLE

Quad copter is a device with an intensive mixture of Electronics, Mechanical and the principle of aviation.

They have mainly two configuration. “+” and “X”


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Two opposite propellers rotates in one direction for take-off. First pair opposite propellers rotates in one direction for keeping balance in the ‘x’ axis. Second pair opposite propellers rotates in opposite direction for keeping balance in the ‘y’ axis.

The main reason for opposite rotations of opposite pairs is the elimination a rotation the quad copter in the ‘z’ axis.


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BLOCK DIAGRAM


FLIGHT CONTROL

BOARD

BATTERYESC

RECEIVER

MOTOR

TRANSMITTER

MODULE 01MODULE 02MODULE 03

MODULE 04

MODULE 05

MODULE 06

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BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

There are six modules in our project.

These components are the important fundamentals of a quad copter.

A Li-Po battery is used for providing power to the whole system.

The second one is ESC (Electronic Speed Controller).

ESC’s are small circuits used for varying the speed of the motors.


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All ESC’s are together connected to a flight control board.

It is the heart of a quad copter, which will decide how, when and how much a motor will rotates based on human control inputs.

A transmitter and receiver is used for sending and receiving the human inputs to a quad copter.


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MODULE #01BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR

• There are no brushes.• Provide minimal friction.• Motors are assigned various notations as KV.• KV means Velocity Constant.• Magnet is placed around the motor shaft is called ROTOR.• The main propulsion mechanism of the plane.


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MODULE #02ESC (ELECTRONIC SPEED CONTROLLER)

• It’s an Electronic circuit.• It varies the motors speed.• It is also called electrically powered Radio controlled model.• Connected to the motor at 1 end and receiver at the other end.• ESC selection should supplement the motor has chosen.• Weight: 21.9 grams.• Use with Ni- Cd and Lithium-polymer batteries.


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MODULE #03Li-Po BATTERY

Lithium Polymer Batteries used for aero modeling purposes.

Number of cells in a battery is denoted by S rating. Eg3S=3 cells in series.

Rated as 1300mAh, 1600mAh, etc (We are using 2200mAh).

It is light weight.


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MODULE #04FLIGHT CONTROL BOARD

The flight control board is the ‘brain’ of the quad copter.

It houses the sensors such as gyroscopes and accelerometers that determines how fast each of the quad copter’s motors spin.

Its purpose is to stabilize the aircraft during flight and to do this, it takes signals from receiver based on the movement given by operator(roll, pitch and yaw).


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It processes signals to the installed Electronic Speed Controllers (ESCs) to make fine adjustments to the motors rotational speeds which in-turn stabilizes the craft.

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MODULE #05RECEIVER

It is used for capturing the signals from transmitter.

Receiving signal range is 2.4Ghz.

30mm long Antenna allow for long range flight.

Small and light in weight allow the receiver to be mount on any kinds of place.


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MODULE #06TRANSMITTER

• We are using AVIONIC RCB6i 6 channel transmitter which comes along with Receiver.

• It is a 6 channel remote , which means we can control maximum of 6 output modules.

• Its emitting range is 2.4Ghz.• And it produce continuous frequencies up to 1.2kms.


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ADVANTAGES

• It has high stability and high reliability.

• Easy to build.

• It is also suitable for indoor application.

It can do vertical lift off thus no need of runway .


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LIMITATIONS

Sudden crashes may happen on the improper handling. Range limitations. It has payload limit. Flight duration is short. Battery replacement.


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APPLICATION

Defense Geographical observation Whether forecasting Entertainment Security service Forest survey


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…THANK YOU…


Education

DREAM QUADCOPTER