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Shakespeare and Macbeth
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Elizabethan England
Fun With Will ShakespeareFun With Will Shakespeare
Queen ElizabethQueen Elizabeth Lived from 1533 Lived from 1533 to 1604to 1604
Was loved Was loved by her by her subjectssubjects
Queen ElizabethQueen Elizabeth Was a patron of the Was a patron of the
arts; Shakespeare’s arts; Shakespeare’s company gave several company gave several command command performances for herperformances for her
Wrote Wrote Merry Wives of Merry Wives of WindsorWindsor for her for her featuring her favorite featuring her favorite character, John Falstaff.character, John Falstaff.
•1604 -- James VI of Scotland becomes King James I of England
•Commanded a new translation of the Bible into English; did NOT ask Shakespeare to participate.
Shakespeare wrote a play for James … Macbeth.
James was not impressed and walked out of the first performance, setting into motion what has been called the “Macbeth curse.”
• For the performance, the actor playing Lady Macbeth got sick and Shakespeare himself ended up playing the role for the King.
To this day, actors will not call the play by name, but only refer to it as “that Scottish play.”
If an actor DOES say the play’s name out loud, they are forced to leave the building, turn around three times and spit in order to remove the curse.
William Shakespeare
Born April 23, 1564 in Stratford-Born April 23, 1564 in Stratford-on-Avonon-Avon
John Shakespeare, his father, was a tannerJohn Shakespeare, his father, was a tanner Also a member of the town council. He held Also a member of the town council. He held many positions here, including taking care of many positions here, including taking care of revenues and paying bills.revenues and paying bills.
• We don’t know for sure that William attended school in Stratford-on-Avon, but his father was educated and there are references to schools in his plays.
King Edward VI school
Stratford-on-Avon, England
Will’s education• Grammar school in Stratford-on-Avon considered “excellent.”
• started in the “petty” school at age 4 or 5; learned to read and write English
• after 2 years, moved to the upper grades (the ‘grammar’ school) and learned to read and write Latin
• by age 10 or 11, boys are writing their own speeches in Latin; also studying Greek
Married Anne HathawayMarried Anne Hathaway
Had 3 children: Had 3 children: Susanna Susanna Judith Judith
Hamnet Hamnet
(he was 18; she was(he was 18; she was 26)26)
William’s personal life, continuedWilliam’s personal life, continued
Shakespeare’s family
A n ne H a th aw ay1 55 5 (? ) - 1 623
S uzan na1 58 3-1 636
Ju d ith1 58 5-1 625
H a m n et1 58 5-1 595
W illia m S h akesp ea re1 56 4-1 616
Left his family and went to London (around 1592)
Was very successful in his own lifetime
Retired and went back to Stratford-on-Avon
Joined the Lord Chamberlain’s Men
Will’s life, part IIWill’s life, part II
• New Place – William’s retirement home
• Second largest building in Stratford and the only one made of brick.
•Torn down by the last private owner; if he couldn’t have peace there, no one could
Will’s life, part IIIWill’s life, part III
Wrote 37 plays in three genre:Wrote 37 plays in three genre:
Will’s career
• History
• Tragedy
• Comedy
• also wrote 150+ sonnets
William’s deathWilliam’s death
Died April 23, 1616Died April 23, 1616
In his will, he left the house and his In his will, he left the house and his money to Suzanna;money to Suzanna;
to Anne, he left the second-best bedto Anne, he left the second-best bed
Good frend for Jesus sake forebeare, to digg the dust encloased heare,Bleste be ye man yt spares thes stones,And curst be he yt moves my bones.
Shakespeare’s epitaph
Trinity Church, Stratford-on-Avon,
England
Misc. info about Master Will was considered a threat to the language was considered a threat to the language
because he added over 2000 words to our because he added over 2000 words to our vocabularyvocabulary
ignored the unities of time, place and ignored the unities of time, place and action, so critics said he couldn’t write wellaction, so critics said he couldn’t write well
Owned by James & Richard Owned by James & Richard BurbageBurbage
The Lord Chamberlain’s MenThis is the company This is the company Shakespeare joined when he Shakespeare joined when he went to Londonwent to London
$
Company owned Company owned The TheatreThe Theatre
The Lord Chamberlain’s Men
•Actually, they owned the building, Actually, they owned the building, but not the land.but not the land.• Took the timbers they owned Took the timbers they owned and floated them down the and floated them down the Thames River to a new spot.Thames River to a new spot.• Named the new theatre Named the new theatre The The GlobeGlobe..
The Lord Chamberlain’s Men
Later became the King’s Later became the King’s Men -- James I became King Men -- James I became King after Elizabeth and he bought after Elizabeth and he bought the naming rights.the naming rights.
Lord Chamberlain’s MenLord Chamberlain’s Men
Audiences ranged from low Audiences ranged from low class to royaltyclass to royalty
Language of the play Language of the play reflected both parts of his reflected both parts of his audienceaudience
Only men could be Only men could be actorsactors
The Globe TheatreThe Globe Theatre
The Globe then . . .
And now . . .
This sketch was made by DeWitt in a letter sent to a friend. It is actually a picture of the stage of the Swan.
The Globe from across the Thames
New Globe' Company members of the Shakespeare's Globe Theatre in London assemble for a group picture on the newly completed stage. The theater is a thoroughly researched reproduction of the original 16th Century structure which stood on the same site. The Globe's actor-led company is drawn from Britain and America and will officially open its season with Shakespeare's Henry V on June 14.
The reconstructed stage
Johann Zoffany. David Garrick and Mrs. Pritchard in "Macbeth," 1768.
Oil on canvas, approximately 38.5 x 48.5 inches. Garrick Club, London
Alexandre-Marie Colin. The Three Witches from "Macbeth," 1827.
Steel engraving, approximately 6.5 x 9.5 inches, by C. W. Sharpe. The engraving is from Charles Knight's two-volume Imperial Edition of The Works of Shakespere(London: Virtue and Company, 1873-76).
Alexander Johnston. Macbeth.
Maggie Smith as Lady Macbeth
Sean Bean and Samantha Bond in a 2004 London stage production of Macbeth. Note the modern dress.
Three witches and Macbeth
Clare Swinburne, Alexandra Moen, Jayne McKenna, Sean Bean
Bloody child apparition from Bean/Bond production
Earliest Broadway production May 3, 1768
Orson Welles also did a Broadway production in spring 1936; had 56 perfomances. His most famous Macbeth was a film he made….
Orson Welles as Macbeth – a subtitled movie production he starred in as well as directed
Had expression in silent films:
One made every year for four years:
1st Italians
2nd French
3rd English
4th Americans
There are 28 film versions listed on There are 28 film versions listed on www.imdb.comwww.imdb.com, including:, including:
Throne of BloodThrone of Blood – 1957 Japanese version – 1957 Japanese version by Akiro Kirowsawaby Akiro Kirowsawa
Roman Polanski’s 1971 bloody version Roman Polanski’s 1971 bloody version (seen by some as a reaction to the (seen by some as a reaction to the death of his wife, Sharon Tate)death of his wife, Sharon Tate)
A 1979 version directed by Trevor Nunn A 1979 version directed by Trevor Nunn and starring Ian McKellan and Judi and starring Ian McKellan and Judi DenchDench
Men of RespectMen of Respect (1991)– with John (1991)– with John Tuturro as a mob hitman who gets Tuturro as a mob hitman who gets propheciesprophecies
2003 – a Hindi language Bollywood film, 2003 – a Hindi language Bollywood film, complete with music and dancingcomplete with music and dancing